Proverbs 12:24 — Word Study
WLCיַד־ חָרוּצִ֥ים תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל ו֝רְמִיָּ֗ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לָמַֽס׃
BSAThe handyâd [an open hand; strength, a side or share] of the diligentchărûwts [hardworking, industrious] will rulemâshal▸ [to have power over, govern] ◂but lazinessrᵉmîyâh [slackness, idleness] ends inhâyâh▸ forced labormaç [taskwork, tribute, slavery]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַד־ | [the] hand of | Noun common, both singular construct |
| חָרוּצִ֥ים | diligent [people] | Adj |
| תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל | it will rule | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| ו֝רְמִיָּ֗ה | and idleness | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| תִּהְיֶ֥ה | it will become | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| לָמַֽס׃ | forced labor | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The hand of the diligent will rule, but laziness ends in forced labor. |
| KJV | The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute. |
| ASV | The hand of the diligent shall bear rule; But the slothful shall be put under taskwork. |
| YLT | The hand of the diligent ruleth, And slothfulness becometh tributary. |
| WEB | The hands of the diligent ones shall rule, but laziness ends in slave labor. |
| BBE | The hand of the ready worker will have authority, but he who is slow in his work will be put to forced work. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of חָרוּצִ֥ים — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause with a contrasting subordinate clause, emphasizing the difference between diligence and laziness.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectרְמִיָּה
verbמָשַׁל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 12:24
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom on Diligence and Idlenessgenerated
Proverbs 12:24 contrasts the outcomes of diligence and laziness. The diligent are rewarded with authority, while the idle face the consequences of forced labor. This verse serves as a reminder of the value of hard work and the pitfalls of sloth, fitting within the broader context of wisdom literature that encourages industriousness and responsibility.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 10:4 | Idle hands make one poor, but diligent hands bring wealth. |
| 2 | Proverbs 13:4 | The slacker craves yet has nothing, but the soul of the diligent is fully satisfied. |
| 3 | Proverbs 17:2 | A wise servant will rule over a disgraceful son and share his inheritance as one of the brothers. |
| 4 | Proverbs 22:29 | Do you see a man skilled in his work? He will be stationed in the presence of kings; he will not stand before obscure men. |
| 5 | 1 Kings 11:28 | Now Jeroboam was a mighty man of valor. So when Solomon noticed that the young man was industrious, he put him in charge of the whole labor force of the house of Joseph. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חָרוּצִ֥ים, cha.ru.Tzimgenerated
The Hebrew word חָרוּץ (charuwts) is an adjective meaning diligent or hardworking. It is derived from a root that conveys sharpness or incisiveness, suggesting a person who is not only industrious but also decisive and effective in their actions.
This term appears in various contexts, often highlighting the importance of diligence in achieving success. In this verse, it emphasizes that those who work hard will gain authority, contrasting sharply with the consequences faced by the idle.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, the verse is read in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the hand of the diligent will rule and but laziness ends in forced labor.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל, it will rule, which governs the subject יַד־ חָרוּצִ֥ים, the hand of the diligent. The structure contrasts two outcomes: the diligent ruling and laziness leading to forced labor.
The sentence is organized to highlight the cause-and-effect relationship between diligence and authority versus laziness and servitude.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יַד־ as ξεὶρ (cheir), meaning hand, which aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning. This choice emphasizes the physical aspect of diligence.
For חָרוּצִ֥ים, the LXX uses ἐκλεκτῶν (eklektōn), meaning chosen, which broadens the interpretation to suggest that the diligent are favored or selected for leadership.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 12:24 teaches that those who work hard will gain authority, while those who are lazy will end up in forced labor. This verse emphasizes the importance of diligence in achieving success and the consequences of idleness.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that those who work hard and are industrious will gain authority and leadership.
Laziness leads to forced labor, indicating that idleness can result in negative outcomes.
This verse aligns with other Proverbs that emphasize the value of hard work and the dangers of slothfulness.
We can apply this wisdom by being diligent in our work and responsibilities to achieve success and avoid the pitfalls of laziness.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life can I be more diligent?
- What are some consequences I have seen from laziness, either in my life or in others?
- How can I encourage those around me to be more industrious?
- What practical steps can I take to avoid idleness in my daily routine?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Bede comments on this verse, noting that the diligent not only overcome vices but also govern others with virtues.
The hand of the diligent will rule, etc. The perfect not only overcome the battles of vices but also govern the chosen brethren with greater grace of virtues.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 12 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 12:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe hand of the diligent shall bear rule,.... "Shall become rich", so Jarchi interprets it, according to Proverbs 10:4; Through diligence men get riches, and through riches they arrive to power and
Read John Gill on Proverbs 12 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 12 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleShall bear rule; shall procure wealth and power. The slothful, Heb. the deceitful. So he calls the slothful, because deceit and idleness are commonly companions, and such men seek to gain by fraud what they either cannot or will not get by honest labour. Compare .
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 12 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 12:24 The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute.Ver. 24. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule,] i.e., It shall make rich, and so get preferment; for, regina pecunia; money bears the mastery, and is a common meddler in most businesses. Agathocles, by his industry, became king of Sicily, Cromwell came to be earl of Essex, Cranmer came to be archbishop of Canterbury, &c. But the slothful (or deceitful) shall be under tribute.] Cajetan renders it, Dolus erit ad liquefactionem; - Deceitful dealing shall melt to nothing. The same word signifieth both melting and tribute, because too much tribute wastes men’ s estates; as when the spleen swells…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 12 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(24) Under tribute.—Like the descendants of the Amorites and other former inhabitants of Canaan, by whose forced labour Solomon executed his great works (1 Kings 9:20-21). A Hebrew from poverty might be reduced to slavery (Lev. xxv, 39),
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 12 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 24. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule] And why? because by his own industry he is independent; and every such person is respected wherever found.
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 12 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges24. the slothful] Lit. sloth. See Proverbs 10:4. Comp. Proverbs 13:1-2. shall be under tribute] Rather, shall come, or be put, under task-work, i.e. servile or enforced labour. The phrase occurs frequently (e.g. Deuteronomy 20:11; Judges 1:30; Judges 1:33; Judges 1:35), and is rendered, “be, or become tributary,” both in A.V. and R.V., though with the alternative, “be subject to task-work,” in R.V. marg. But in all those places the words, “and shall serve thee” are added, showing that it was not in money but in toil, as with the Israelites in Egypt, that the “tribute” was to be paid. Hence the phrase comes to have the meaning which it has here.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 12 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleUnder tribute - The comparison is probably suggested by the contrast between the condition of a conquered race (compare Joshua 16:10; Judges 1:30-33), and that of the freedom of their conquerors from such burdens.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The hand of the diligent will rule, but laziness ends in forced labor.
The hands of the diligent ones shall rule, but laziness ends in slave labor.
The hand of the diligent will rule, but laziness ends in forced labor.
The diligent person will rule, but the slothful will become a slave.
Tyndale line
The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute.
The hand of the diligent shall bear rule; But the slothful shall be put under taskwork.
The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be put under taskwork.
The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: but the slothful shall be under tribute.
The hand of the diligent shall beare rule: but the idle shalbe vnder tribute.
Strictly literal
The hand of the diligent shall bear rule; but the slothful [hand] shall be under tribute.
The hand of the diligent ruleth, And slothfulness becometh tributary.
The hand of the diligent rules, || And slothfulness becomes tributary.
The hand of the diligent will bear rule; but the indolent must become tributary.
The hand of the diligent will rule, but lazy people will be put to forced labor.
From the Latin
The hand of the valiant shall bear rule: but that which is slothful, shall be under tribute.
Simplified
Hard work brings leadership, but laziness brings slavery.
The hand of the ready worker will have authority, but he who is slow in his work will be put to forced work.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, 'יַד־ חָרוּצִ֥ים תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל ו֝רְמִיָּ֗ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לָמַֽס׃' which translates to 'The hand of the diligent will rule, but laziness ends in forced labor.' The Septuagint aligns with the Masoretic Text in meaning and word correspondence, confirming the same idea without significant variation in the translation. There are no notable differences in the core message between these witnesses.
יַד־ חָרוּצִ֥ים תִּמְשׁ֑וֹל ו֝רְמִיָּ֗ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לָמַֽס׃
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 12:24
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יָד (yad) means 'hand' and can also refer to strength or power in a figurative sense. It encompasses various technical uses, such as a sign or monument, parts or shares, and even specific components in construction, like axle-trees and supports for the laver. The word is versatile, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts.
יָד 1604 n.f. hand
hand
Fig. = strength, power
Fig. = side
יָד is used in various special, technical senses:—
sign, monument
part, fractional part or share
time, repetition
axle-trees
stays, supports for laver
tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
a (beckoning) hand
יַד with prep.
base
H3027 יָד hand . hand
. Fig. = strength, power
. Fig. = side
. יָד is used in various special, technical senses:— . sign, monument
. part, fractional part or share
. time, repetition
. axle-trees
. stays, supports for laver
. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
. a (beckoning) hand
. יַד with prep.
3027 yad yawd
a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power,
means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed
one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of
applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate
and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes,
at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad,
(broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, +
creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship,
force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in,
labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine,
ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain,
power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay,
draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by
them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing,
+ thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side,
יָד (yad) — hand.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: power.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: themselves.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
N-cs — Noun common · both singular constructHNcbsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word חָרוּץ (*charuwts*) is derived from a root meaning to incise or be incisive. It encompasses a range of meanings including sharp, diligent, strict decision, trench, and gold, with specific references in the Old Testament such as in Job 4:14 and Daniel 9:25. The lexicons agree on these meanings without significant disagreement.
חָרוּץ adj. sharp, diligent
base
חָרוּץ n.[m.] strict decision, only Jo 4:14, 14
ref
חָרוּץ n.[m.] trench, moat—only in Dn 9:25
ref
חָרוּץ n.m. gold, poet.
base
H2742a חָרוּץ sharp, diligent H2742b חָרוּץ strict decision H2742c חָרוּץ trench, moat H2742d חָרוּץ gold poet.
2742 charuwts khaw-roots'
or charuts {khaw-roots'}; passive participle of 2782;
properly, incised or (active) incisive; hence (as noun
masculine or feminine) a trench (as dug), gold (as mined), a
threshing-sledge (having sharp teeth); (figuratively)
determination; also eager:--decision, diligent, (fine) gold,
pointed things, sharp, threshing instrument, wall.
see HEBREW for 02782
חָרוּץ (cha.ruts) — sharp.
adj
sharp-pointed, sharp, diligent
חָרוּץ (cha.ruts) — decision.
strict decision, decision
חָרוּץ (cha.ruts) — trench.
trench, moat, ditch
חָרוּץ (cha.ruts) — gold.
gold (poetical)
Adj — AdjHAampa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…
מָשַׁל (mashal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to rule or have dominion. It can refer to human authority, the dominion of heavenly bodies, or God's sovereignty. The word has a Qal form indicating direct rule and a Hiphil form that implies causing someone to rule or exercising dominion.
מָשַׁל vb. rule, have dominion, reign
Qal
human subj., rule, have dominion over
of heavenly bodies
of God
Hiph. cause to rule; exercise dominion
base
H4910 מָשַׁל rule, have dominion, reign .. human subj., rule, have dominion over
. of heavenly bodies
. of God
. cause to rule; exercise dominion
4910 mashal maw-shal'
a primitive root; to rule:--(have, make to have) dominion,
governor, X indeed, reign, (bear, cause to, have)
rule(-ing, -r), have power.
מָשַׁל (ma.shal) — to rule.
1) to rule, have dominion, reign
1a) (Qal) to rule, have dominion
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to rule
1b2) to exercise dominion
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
רְמִיָּה (rmiyah) refers to both deceit and slackness. It is derived from the root word for remissness and encompasses meanings such as treachery, guile, and idleness. The entries indicate a dual focus on moral failure and a lack of diligence, but do not provide specific verse references.
רְמִיָּה n.f. deceit, treachery
base
רְמִיָּה n.f. laxness, slackness
base
H7423a רְמִיָּה deceit, treachery H7423b רְמִיָּה laxness, slackness
7423 rmiyah rem-ee-yaw'
from 7411; remissness, treachery:--deceit(- ful, -fully),
false, guile, idle, slack, slothful.
see HEBREW for 07411
רְמִיָּה (re.miy.yah) — deceit.
deceit, treachery
רְמִיָּה (re.miy.yah) — slackness.
laxness, slackness, slackening
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
be-kum':
(1) Greek ginomai, used in New Testament for a change of state, corresponding to Hebrew hayah of Old Testament. Compare Mt 18:3 with De 27:9.
(2) For what is fitting, suitable, proper, in New Testament: "prepei" (Mt 3:15; Eph 5:3; 1Ti 2:10); in Old Testament, na'awah, na'ah, Ps 93:5: "Holiness becometh thy house." in this sense, the adverb "becomingly" must be interpreted: "Walk becomingly toward them that are without" (1Th 4:12), i.e. in a way that is consistent with your profession.
The Hebrew word מַס (mas) refers to a body of forced laborers or task-workers, encompassing concepts like serfdom and tribute. It is derived from a root meaning 'burden' and is associated with enforced labor and service. The entries highlight its use in contexts related to labor gangs and taskmasters.
מַס n.m. usu. coll. body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom
base
H4522 מַס body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom
4522 mac mas
or mic {mees}; from 4549; properly, a burden (as causing to
faint), i.e. a tax in the form of forced labor:--discomfited,
levy, task(-master), tribute(-tary).
see HEBREW for 04549
מַס (mas) — taskworker.
1) gang or body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour band or gang, forced service, task-work, serfdom, tributary, tribute, levy, taskmasters, discomfited
1a) labour-band, labour-gang, slave gang
1b) gang-overseers
1c) forced service, serfdom, tribute, enforced payment
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
la'-ber (yeghia`, `amal; kopos): The word (noun and verb) denoting hard work or "toil" (thus in the Revised Version (British and American) of De 26:7; Jos 7:3; Re 2:2) represents several Hebrew and Greek words, chiefly those above. Occasionally, as in Hab 3:17 (ma`aseh), it stands for "fruit of labor." Sometimes, in conjunction with "travail," it refers to childbirth (Ge 35:16,17, yaladh; compare 1Th 2:9; 2Th 3:8). Examples of the word in the ordinary sense are: of yeghia`,