Numbers 25:12 — Word Study
WLCלָכֵ֖ן אֱמֹ֑ר הִנְנִ֨י נֹתֵ֥ן ל֛וֹ אֶת־ בְּרִיתִ֖י שָׁלֽוֹם׃
BSADeclareʼâmar [say, proclaim] thereforekên [thus, so] thathên I am grantingnâthan [giving, making] My covenantbᵉrîyth [promise, agreement] of peaceshâlôwm [shalom, completeness, wellness, friendship, a special peace agreement, the peace of My covenant]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| לָכֵ֖ן | therefore | Preposition, adverb |
| אֱמֹ֑ר | say | Verb, Qal, imperative second person masculine singular |
| הִנְנִ֨י | here I | Particle, suffix |
| נֹתֵ֥ן | [am] about to give | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| ל֛וֹ | to him | Preposition, suffix |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| בְּרִיתִ֖י | covenant my | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| שָׁלֽוֹם׃ | peace | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Declare, therefore, that I am granting him My covenant of peace. |
| KJV | Wherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace: |
| ASV | Wherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace: |
| YLT | 'Therefore say, Lo, I am giving to him My covenant of peace, |
| WEB | Therefore say, ‘Behold, I give to him my covenant of peace. |
| BBE | So say to them that I will make with him an agreement of peace: |
Where they part company is over the word שָׁלֽוֹם — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause is straightforward, with a clear directive followed by the object of the declaration.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbאָמַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Numbers 25:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Covenant with Phinehasgenerated
Numbers 25:12 records God's declaration of a special covenant of peace with Phinehas, who acted zealously for God's honor. This covenant signifies a lasting relationship and assurance of peace, reflecting God's commitment to those who are devoted to Him. The surrounding verses highlight the context of God's anger being turned away from the Israelites due to Phinehas's actions, establishing a precedent for God's covenantal promises.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Numbers 13:29 | The Amalekites live in the land of the Negev; the Hittites, Jebusites, and Amorites live in the hill country; and the Canaanites live by the sea and along the Jordan.” |
| 2 | Malachi 2:4–5 | Then you will know that I have sent you this commandment so that My covenant with Levi may continue,” says the LORD of Hosts. |
| 3 | Malachi 3:1 | “Behold, I will send My messenger, who will prepare the way before Me. Then the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to His temple—the Messenger of the covenant, in whom you delight—see, He is coming,” says the LORD of Hosts. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — בְּרִיתִ֖י, be.ri.Tigenerated
The Hebrew word בְּרִית (berith) means 'covenant' and signifies a formal agreement or promise, often between God and humanity. It is derived from a root meaning 'to cut,' which conveys the seriousness of such agreements, highlighting the binding nature of the covenant.
In this verse, the covenant is specifically described as a covenant of peace, indicating a promise of wellness and completeness in the relationship between God and Phinehas. This reflects the broader biblical theme of covenant as a means of establishing and maintaining divine-human relationships.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb אֱמֹ֑ר (say) governs the main clause, with a prepositional phrase indicating the declaration's content. This structure emphasizes God's command to Moses to proclaim His covenant.
The sentence flows logically, beginning with the conjunction לָכֵ֖ן (therefore), which connects God's instructions directly to the preceding context of Phinehas's zeal.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates בְּרִיתִ֖י as διαθήκην (diathēkēn), which also means 'covenant' but carries a connotation of a formal agreement or testament. This choice reflects the Greek understanding of covenants as binding agreements, aligning with the Hebrew meaning.
The translation of שָׁלֽוֹם as εἰρήνης (eirēnēs) emphasizes the peace aspect of the covenant, consistent with the Hebrew term's broader implications of completeness and wellness.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Numbers 25:12 shows God telling Moses to declare that He is giving Phinehas a covenant of peace. This covenant signifies a special promise from God, ensuring peace and a lasting relationship due to Phinehas's zealous actions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a promise of wellness and completeness in the relationship between God and Phinehas, establishing a lasting bond.
Phinehas acted zealously for God's honor, turning away His wrath from the Israelites, which prompted God to reward him.
The covenant of peace indicates not just the absence of conflict but a holistic sense of wellness and completeness in the relationship with God.
Declaring the covenant emphasizes its importance and serves as a formal recognition of God's promise to Phinehas.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I demonstrate zeal for God's honor in my own life?
- How can I understand and appreciate the significance of God's covenants today?
- What does peace mean to me in my relationship with God?
- How can I share the message of God's promises with others?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Numbers 25:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleWherefore say,.... Moses is bid to tell what follows to Phinehas himself, for his comfort and encouragement, and to the people of Israel, that they might take notice of it, and give him honour and
Read John Gill on Numbers 25 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryWherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace: No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 25 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Biblei.e. The covenant of an everlasting priesthood, as it is expounded, , which is called a covenant of peace, partly with respect to the happy effect of this heroical action of his, whereby he made peace between God and his people; and partly with regard to the principal end and use of the priestly office, which was constantly to do that which Phinehas now did, even to mediate between God and men, to obtain and preserve his own and Israel’ s peace and reconciliation with God, by offering up sacrifices, and incense, and prayers to God on their behalf, ,48, as also by turning them away from iniquity, which is the only peace-breaker, and by teaching and pressing the observation of that law, which…
Read Matthew Poole on Numbers 25 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(12) My covenant of peace.—Phinehas, as one who was zealous for the honour of God and of the house of the Lord, was a fitting type of Christ, in whom the prediction of the Psalmist received its accomplishment, “The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up” (Psalms 69:9; John 2:17). The covenant of grace is described in Isaiah 54:10 and in Malachi 2:5 as the covenant of peace.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Numbers 25 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. - 13. My covenant of peace - of an everlasting priesthood] As the word peace implied all kinds of blessings, both spiritual and temporal, it may mean no more here than the promise of God, to grant him and his family the utmost prosperity in reference to both worlds. The everlasting priesthood refers properly to the priesthood of Christ which was shadowed out by the priesthood under the law; no matter in what family it was continued. Therefore the כהנת עולם kehunnath olam, or eternal priesthood, does not merely refer to any sacerdotal ministrations which should be continued in the family of Phinehas, during the Mosaic dispensation, but to that priesthood of Christ typified by that…
Read AdamClarke on Numbers 25 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. my covenant of peace] Cf. Malachi 2:5. The ‘covenant’ here is not a compact between two persons, but an unconditional promise on God’s part.
Read Cambridge on Numbers 25 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMy covenant of peace - Equivalent to “the covenant of My peace.” God established with Phinehas in particular that covenant which He had made generally with all his people; and among its blessings
Read Albert Barnes on Numbers 25 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible12, 13. My covenant of peace — The promise of an everlasting tenure of the priestly office by the family of Phinehas.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Numbers 25 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Declare, therefore, that I am granting him My covenant of peace.
Therefore say, ‘Behold, I give to him my covenant of peace.
Declare, therefore, that I am granting him My covenant of peace.
Therefore, announce: ‘I am going to give to him my covenant of peace.
Tyndale line
Wherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace:
Wherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace:
Wherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace:
Wherefore say, Behold, I give to him my covenant of peace.
Wherefore say to him, Beholde, I giue vnto him my couenant of peace,
Strictly literal
Therefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace!
'Therefore say, Lo, I am giving to him My covenant of peace,
Therefore say, Behold, I am giving My covenant of peace to him,
Therefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace;
Therefore say, 'Yahweh says, “Look, I am giving to Phinehas my covenant of peace.
From the Latin
Therefore say to him: Behold I give him the peace of my covenant,
Simplified
So make an announcement that I am granting him my peace agreement.
So say to them that I will make with him an agreement of peace:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is preserved in the Septuagint and the Samaritan Pentateuch, which agrees word for word with the Hebrew. This consistency across ancient witnesses reinforces the reliability of the text.
לָכֵ֖ן אֱמֹ֑ר הִנְנִ֨י נֹתֵ֥ן ל֛וֹ אֶת־ בְּרִיתִ֖י שָׁלֽוֹם׃
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
לכן אמר הנני נתן לו את בריתי שׁלום
Agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Numbers 25:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word כֵּן (*ken*) is built from the root meaning 'set upright.' It functions as an adjective meaning 'right,' 'veritable,' or 'honest,' and as an adverb meaning 'so,' 'therefore,' or 'thus.' It appears in various contexts, often indicating manner or relation, and is used in phrases like 'forasmuch as.'
כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest
right
veritable, true
pl. concr. honest (men)
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
כֵּן adv. so
base
H3651a כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest H3651b כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as H3651c כֵּן so
3651 ken kane
from 3559; properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as
adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction)
rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and
relation; often with other particles):--+ after that
(this, -ward, -wards), as ... as, + (for-)asmuch as yet, + be
(for which) cause, + following, howbeit, in (the) like
(manner, -wise), X the more, right, (even) so, state,
straightway, such (thing), surely, + there (where)-fore, this,
thus, true, well, X you.
see HEBREW for 03559
כֵּן (ken) — right.
adv
adj
1) right, just, honest, true, veritable
1a) right, just, honest
1b) correct
1c) true, veritable
[כִּי עַל] כֵּן ([ki al] ken) — as.
adv
forasmuch as, since
כֵּן (ken) — so.
adv
1) so, therefore, thus
1a) thus, so
1b) just so
1c) therefore
1d) so...as (paired with adv)
1e) then
1f) forasmuch as (in phrase)
1g) (with prep)
1g1) therefore, this being so (specific)
1g2) hitherto
1g3) therefore, on this ground (general)
1g4) afterwards
1g5) in such case
Aramaic equivalent: ken (כֵּן "thus" H3652)
Prep | Adv — Preposition · adverbHR/D
אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.
אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say
Qal
Say
Say in the heart (= think)
Promise
Command (esp. late)
Niph. be said, told
Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)
Hithp. act proudly, boast
base
H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say
. Say in the heart (= think)
. Promise
. Command (esp. late)
. be said, told
. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)
. act proudly, boast
559 'amar aw-mar'
a primitive root; to say (used with great
latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,
certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),
commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X
expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,
publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X
suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),
utter, X verily, X yet.
אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.
1) to say, speak, utter
1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend
1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called
1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly
1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch
Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)
V-Qal-Impv-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine singularHVqv2ms
הֵן (hen) is a demonstrative adverb or interjection meaning 'lo!' or 'behold!'. It is primarily used to draw attention to a fact that prompts action or leads to a conclusion. The word can also express surprise and is less common than its counterpart הִנֵּה (hinneh). Additionally, it can function hypothetically as 'if'.
הֵן 100 demonstr.adv. or interj. lo!, behold (on etym. v. הִנֵּה), less widely used than הִנֵּה, and in prose mostly confined to calling attention to some fact upon which action is to be taken, or a conclusion based
base
H2005 הֵן demonstr. adv. or interj. lo!, behold (on etym. v. הִנֵּה), less widely used than הִנֵּה, and in prose mostly confined to calling attention to some fact upon which action is to be taken, or a conclusion based
2005 hen hane
a primitive particle; lo!; also (as expressing surprise)
if:--behold, if, lo, though.
הֵן (hen) — look!.
interj
1) behold, lo, though hypothetical part
2) if
Aramaic equivalent: hen (הֵן "look!" H2006A)
Part | Suff — Particle · suffixHTj/Sp1bs
The Hebrew word נָתַן (natan) means 'to give' and encompasses a wide range of applications such as putting, setting, and making. It can also indicate actions like bestowing, delivering, and assigning. The entries describe its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreements among lexicons.
נָתַן 2007 vb. give, put, set
Qal 1917
give
Put, set
Make, constitute
Niph.
82be given
Be put, set
Hoph.
be given, bestowed
= be given to one for wife
be put upon
base
H5414 נָתַן give, put, set .. give
. Put, set
. Make, constitute
. . be given
. Be put, set
. . . be given, bestowed
. = be given to one for wife
. be put upon
5414 nathan naw-than'
a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of
application (put, make, etc.):--add, apply, appoint, ascribe,
assign, X avenge, X be ((healed)), bestow, bring (forth,
hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, +
cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, X doubtless, X
without fail, fasten, frame, X get, give (forth, over, up),
grant, hang (up), X have, X indeed, lay (unto charge, up),
(give) leave, lend, let (out), + lie, lift up, make, + O that,
occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, X
pull , put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send
(out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), + sing, + slander,
strike, (sub-)mit, suffer, X surely, X take, thrust, trade,
turn, utter, + weep, + willingly, + withdraw, + would (to)
God, yield.
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: give.
: give/deliver/send/produce
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend
1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate
1a3) to make, constitute
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned
1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up
1c2) to be put upon
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: put.
: put/set/apppoint
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
(nathan, yahabh, sum; didomi): "Give" is a very common word in the Old Testament. It is most frequently the translation of nathan, "to give" (Ge 1:29; 3:6; Ex 2:9; De 18,20, etc., over 800 instances); nathan is also translated "to give up" (De 23:14; Isa 43:6; Ho 11:8); of yahabh, "to give" (Ge 30:1; 1Ch 16:28 the King James Version). In Ps 55:22 we have the perfect with suffix, "Cast thy burden upon Yahweh," margin "what he hath given thee"; elsewhere it is…
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HRd/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp3ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
בְּרִית (berith) means 'covenant' and encompasses agreements between individuals, such as treaties and alliances, as well as divine covenants between God and humanity. It is derived from a root meaning 'to cut,' suggesting the seriousness of such agreements. The term appears in various contexts, including friendships, marriages, and formal ordinances.
בְּרִית 285 n.f. covenant
between men.
treaty, alliance, league
constitution, ordinance, between monarch and subjects
agreement, pledge
alliance of friendship between David and Jonathan
alliance of marriage
between God and man.
alliance of friendship
covenant, as a divine constitution or ordinance with signs or pledges
Phrases.
covenant making
covenant keeping
covenant violation
base
H1285 בְּרִית covenant . between men. . treaty, alliance, league
. constitution, ordinance, between monarch and subjects
. agreement, pledge
. alliance of friendship between David and Jonathan
. alliance of marriage
. between God and man. . alliance of friendship
. covenant, as a divine constitution or ordinance with signs or pledges
. Phrases. . covenant making
. covenant keeping
. covenant violation
1285 briyth ber-eeth'
from 1262 (in the sense of cutting (like 1254)); a compact
(because made by passing between pieces of
flesh):--confederacy, (con-)feder(-ate), covenant, league.
see HEBREW for 01262
see HEBREW for 01254
בְּרִית (be.rit) — covenant.
1) covenant, alliance, pledge
1a) between men
1a1) treaty, alliance, league (man to man)
1a2) constitution, ordinance (monarch to subjects)
1a3) agreement, pledge (man to man)
1a4) alliance (of friendship)
1a5) alliance (of marriage)
1b) between God and man
1b1) alliance (of friendship)
1b2) covenant (divine ordinance with signs or pledges)
2) (phrases)
2a) covenant making
2b) covenant keeping
2c) covenant violation
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp1bs
שָׁלוֹם (shalom) conveys a range of meanings including completeness, soundness, welfare, and peace. It can refer to physical safety and health, as well as emotional states like tranquility and friendship, particularly in human relationships and with God. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to be complete' and is used in various contexts, including greetings.
שָׁלוֹם 237 n.m. completeness, soundness, welfare, peace
completeness in no.
safety, soundness, in body
welfare, health, prosperity
peace, quiet, tranquility, contentment
peace, friendship
peace from war
as adj. those at peace with him
base
H7965 שָׁלוֹם completeness, soundness, welfare, peace
7965 shalowm shaw-lome'
or shalom {shaw-lome'}; from 7999; safe, i.e. (figuratively)
well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e. health,
prosperity, peace:--X do, familiar, X fare, favour, + friend,
X great, (good) health, (X perfect, such as be at)
peace(-able, -ably), prosper(-ity, -ous), rest, safe(-ty),
salute, welfare, (X all is, be) well, X wholly.
see HEBREW for 07999
שָׁלוֹם (sha.lom) — peace.
: peace
1) completeness, soundness, welfare, peace
1a) completeness (in number)
1b) safety, soundness (in body)
1c) welfare, health, prosperity
1d) peace, quiet, tranquillity, contentment
1e) peace, friendship
1e1) of human relationships
1e2) with God especially in covenant relationship
1f) peace (from war)
1g) peace (as adjective)
שָׁלוֹם (ye.ho.vah sha.lom) — Peace.
This name means completeness, peace
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
שָׁלוֹם (sha.lom) — peace: well-being.
: well-being
1) completeness, soundness, welfare, peace
1a) completeness (in number)
1b) safety, soundness (in body)
1c) welfare, health, prosperity
1d) peace, quiet, tranquillity, contentment
1e) peace, friendship
1e1) of human relationships
1e2) with God especially in covenant relationship
1f) peace (from war)
1g) peace (as adjective)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
pes (shalom; eirene):
1. In the Old Testament:
Is a condition of freedom from disturbance, whether outwardly, as of a nation from war or enemies, or inwardly, within the soul. The Hebrew word is shalom (both adjective and substantive), meaning, primarily, "soundness," "health," but coming also to signify "prosperity," well-being in general, all good in relation to both man and God. In early times, to a people harassed by foes, peace was the primary blessing. In Ps 122:7, we have "peace" and "prosperity," and in 35:27; 73:3, shalom is translated "prosperity." In 2Sa 11:7 the King James Version, David asked of Uriah "how Joab did" (margin "of the peace of Joab"), "and how the people did (the Revised Version (British and American) "fared," literally, "of the peace of the people"), and…