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Joshua 12:18 — Word Study

Depth

WLCמֶ֤לֶךְ אֲפֵק֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ לַשָּׁר֖וֹן אֶחָֽד׃

BSAthe kingmelek [ruler, monarch] of AphekʼĂphêq [a city, enclosure] oneʼechâd [single, united] the kingmelek [sovereign, royal person] of LasharonShârôwn [Sharon, a plain] oneʼechâd [unique, solitary]

Word
Listen & take awayJoshua 12
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 18 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('e.Chad) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Joshua 12:18quick helps
In a sentenceThis verse lists the kings of two locations in ancient Palestine.
Who is speakingThe narrator, recounting the kings defeated by Israel.
Where we areIn a section detailing the conquests of Israel.
The hard wordמֶ֤לֶךְ
Take awayEach king listed represents a distinct territory.
4 commentators on this verse Gill, AdamClarke, Cambridge, Whedon & more — read them › clause subjectאֶחָד The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Joshua 12:18

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Kings Conquered by Israelgenerated

17the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;
18the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;
19the king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one;
20the king of Shimron-meron, one; the king of Achshaph, one;

Joshua 12:18 is part of a list that details the kings defeated by the Israelites during their conquest of Canaan. This passage emphasizes the sovereignty of Israel over these territories and the significance of the kings who ruled them. The context illustrates the fulfillment of God's promise to give the land to His people, as seen in earlier chapters of Joshua.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Joshua 19:30Ummah, Aphek, and Rehob. There were twenty-two cities, along with their villages.
21 Samuel 4:1Thus the word of Samuel came to all Israel. Now the Israelites went out to meet the Philistines in battle and camped at Ebenezer, while the Philistines camped at Aphek.
3Isaiah 33:9The land mourns and languishes; Lebanon is ashamed and decayed. Sharon is like a desert; Bashan and Carmel shake off their leaves.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

LasharonIsaiah 33:9

The Key Word מֶלֶךְ, Me.lekhgenerated

The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king' and is a common noun referring to a ruler or monarch. It is used throughout the Bible to denote various kings, including notable figures like David and Saul. The term suggests authority and governance, often in the context of Israel's leadership.

This word is in the masculine singular construct form, indicating a specific king in relation to a territory. Its frequent occurrences highlight the importance of kingship in biblical narratives, especially concerning the leadership of Israel.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The structure of the verse consists of two main clauses, each detailing a king and their respective territory. The finite verb is implicit, as the sentence lists the kings in a straightforward manner.

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the kings and their dominions, presenting them as distinct entities within the narrative of Israel's conquests.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מֶ֫לֶךְ as βασιλέα, which also means 'king.' This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning and maintains the focus on royal authority.

The translation of Aphek as αφεκ indicates a direct correspondence to the Hebrew, preserving the identity of the location.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Joshua 12:18 lists two kings from the conquest of Canaan: the king of Aphek and the king of Lasharon, each noted as one. This verse is part of a broader account detailing the kings defeated by the Israelites.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the term 'king' signify in this context?

In this context, 'king' refers to a ruler of a specific territory that was conquered by the Israelites, emphasizing their authority and governance.

Why are these kings significant?

These kings represent the opposition faced by the Israelites during their conquest of Canaan, marking the territories that were brought under Israelite control.

How many kings are mentioned in this chapter?

This chapter lists a total of 31 kings that were defeated by the Israelites as they took possession of the Promised Land.

What can we learn from this verse about Israel's conquest?

This verse illustrates the systematic approach of the Israelites in conquering the land, highlighting the importance of each king and territory in the narrative of God's promise to His people.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does the concept of kingship mean in the context of Israel's history?
  2. How do the territories ruled by these kings reflect the broader narrative of conquest in the Bible?
  3. In what ways does understanding the significance of these kings enhance our reading of the book of Joshua?
  4. How can we apply the lessons from Israel's conquests to our understanding of leadership and authority today?

Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Joshua 12:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The king of Aphek, one,.... There was a place called Aphekah in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:53; and an Aphek that was on the border of the Amorites, Joshua 13:4; and another in the tribe of Asher,

Read John Gill on Joshua 12 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 18. Aphek] There were several cities of this name: one in the tribe of Asher, Joshua 19:30, another in the tribe of Judah, 1 Samuel 4:1; 1 Samuel 29:1; and a third in Syria, 1Kg 20:26, and 2Kg 13:17. Which of the two former is here intended cannot be ascertained. Lasharon] There is no city of this name known. Some consider the ל lamed in the word לשרון lashsharon to be the sign of the genitive case, and in this sense it appears to have been understood by the Vulgate, which translates rex Saron, the king of Sharon. This was rather a district than a city, and is celebrated in the Scriptures for its fertility; Joshua 33:9; Joshua 35:2. Some suppose it was the same with Saron, near Lydda…

Read AdamClarke on Joshua 12 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

18. Aphek] A royal city of the Canaanites, probably the same as the Aphekah of Jos 15:53. Lasharon] Only mentioned here. The site is unknown.

Read Cambridge on Joshua 12 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

18. Aphek — This can hardly be the Aphek of the tribe of Asher (Joshua 19:30) which is mentioned in Joshua 13:4, but it was probably identical with the Aphek not far from Jezreel, where the

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Joshua 12 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

WEBWorld English Bible2000

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lassharon, one;

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

NETBNew English Translation2006

the king of Aphek (one), the king of Lasharon (one),

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lassharon, one;

RVARevised Version, American1894

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lassharon, one;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The King of Aphek, one: the King of Lasharon, one:

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

The king of Aphek, one; The king of Lasharon, one;

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

the king of Aphek, the king of Lasharon,

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The king of Aphec one, the king of Saron one,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The king of Aphek. The king of Lasharon.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The king of Aphek, one; the king of Lassharon, one;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · predicateמֶ֤לֶךְthe.kingאֲפֵק֙of.Apheksubjectאֶחָ֔דoneclausenoun phrase · predicateמֶ֥לֶךְ[the].kingprepositional phraseלַofnoun phrase(the)שָּׁר֖וֹןSharonsubjectאֶחָֽדone

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement on the mention of the kings, though the Septuagint's word order differs. The Hebrew text lists the kings explicitly, while the Greek version reflects the same entities but may rearrange them for stylistic reasons.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

מֶ֤לֶךְ אֲפֵק֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ לַשָּׁר֖וֹן אֶחָֽד׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
מֶ֤לֶךְβασιλέαאֲפֵק֙αφεκלַשָּׁר֖וֹןσαρων

3 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Joshua 12:18מֶ֫לֶךְ[the] king [the] king ofמֶ֫לֶךְאֲפֵקAphekAphekאֲפֵקאֶחָדoneoneאֶחָדמֶ֫לֶךְ[the] king[the] kingמֶ֫לֶךְשָׁרוֹןof Sharonof Sharonשָׁרוֹןאֶחָדoneoneאֶחָדמָלַךְto reignto reignמָלַךְחָדַדto go eithto go either waחָדַדאָפַקto refrainto refrainאָפַקיָשַׁרto smoothto smoothיָשַׁרנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּרNebuchadneNebuchadnezzarנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּראַשּׁוּרAsshurAsshurאַשּׁוּרכֶּ֫בֶשׂlamblambכֶּ֫בֶשׂאַ֫יִלramramאַ֫יִלרְחוֹבRehobRehobרְחוֹבחָנָהto campto campחָנָהעֵ֫מֶקvalleyvalleyעֵ֫מֶקאֶחָדoneoneאֶחָד
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Joshua 12:18

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

[the] king of Aphek one [the] king of Sharon one
מֶ֤לֶךְMe.lekh [the] king of H4428 Noun common · masculine singular construct
2,526× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Amplified meaning
ruler, monarch
Tyndale gloss
King's
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king.' It is derived from a root that suggests royalty. The term appears in various contexts, including references to specific kings and locations, such as the 'King's Highway' in Numbers 20:17 and the 'King's Valley' in Genesis 14:17. The lexicons note its Aramaic equivalent and mention its use in the context of individuals like Hammelech in Jeremiah.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4428 מֶ֫לֶךְ king

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4428 melek meh'-lek

from 4427; a king:--king, royal.

see HEBREW for 04427

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.

1) king

Aramaic equivalent: me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4430)

הַמֶּלֶךְ (me.lekh) — `the king`.

'the king' or a name, Hammelech in KJV of Jer.36.26; 38.6- a man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;

father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";

§ A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;

father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.

King's (Highway) (Num.20.17)

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.

Another name of she.lach (שֶׁ֫לַח "Shelah" H7975A)

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — Milcom.

Another name of mo.lekh (מֹ֫לֶךְ "Molech" H4432)

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.

King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

[the] king of Aphek one [the] king of Sharon one
אֲפֵק֙'a.Fek Aphek H663 Noun proper
9× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Aphek is the name of three different places in ancient Palestine, and its name means enclosure. These cities were important locations in biblical history and are mentioned in various accounts.
Amplified meaning
a city, enclosure
Tyndale gloss
Aphek
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֲפֵק (Apheq) refers to a location, specifically Aphek or Aphik, which means 'enclosure.' It denotes several cities in ancient Palestine, including one near Jezreel and another in the territory of Asher. The term is derived from a root meaning strength, suggesting a fortified place.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲפֵק, אֲפִיק n.pr.loc. Aphek (perh. enclosure, or fortress).

city near Jezreel

city in tribe of Asher

city NE. of Beirût, mod. Afqa

place near Mizpah

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H663 אֲפֵק, אֲפִיק

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

663 'Apheq af-ake'

or rAphiyq {af-eek'}; from 662 (in the sense of strength);

fortress; Aphek (or Aphik), the name of three places in

Palestine:--Aphek, Aphik.

see HEBREW for 0662

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲפֵק (a.pheq) — Aphek.

Aphek or Aphik = "enclosure"

a Canaanite city near Jezreel

Also named: a.phe.qah (אֲפֵקָה "Aphekah" H0664)

אֲפֵק (a.pheq) — Aphek.

§ Aphek or Aphik = "enclosure"

a city northeast of Beirut in Transjordan

אֲפֵק (a.pheq) — Aphek.

§ Aphek or Aphik = "enclosure"

a city in territory of Asher

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a'-fek ('apheq, "fortress"; Aphek):

(1) In Jos 12:18 we should probably read with the Septuagint "the king of Aphek in Sharon." This may correspond to Aphek in 1Sa 4:1. It was a royal city of the Canaanites whose king was slain by Josh. Probably it is the Aphek mentioned by Josephus as being near to Antipatris (BJ, II, xix, 1). Kakon, a strong position commanding the main entrance to Samaria might suit; but the name has perished.

(2) (Greek Taphek or Apheka): A city in the lot of Asher (Jos 13:4). The inhabitants were not ejected by Asher, nor is it said that they became tributary (Jud 1:31). In this passage it is written 'aphiq (Hebrew). It may be represented by 'Afqa on Nahr…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(strength), the name of several places in Palestine. A royal city of the Canaanites, the king of which was killed by Joshua, (Joshua 12:18) probably the same as APHEKAH in (Joshua 15:53) A city, apparently in the extreme north of Asher, (Joshua 19:30) from which the Canaanites were not ejected, (Judges 1:31) though here it is APHIK. This is probably the same place as APHEK, (Joshua 13:4) on the extreme north "border of the Amorites,"; identified with the Aphaca of classical times, the modern Afka . A place at which the Philistines encamped while the Israelites pitched in Eben-ezer, before the fatal battle in which the…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

strength

1. A city in Lebanon, assigned to the tribe of Asher, Jos 13:4; 19:30; but not subdued, Jud 1:31. Its site may be still found in Mount Lebanon, called Aphka.

2.A city of the tribe of Issachar, in the valley of Jezreel, noted in the wars with Philistines, 1Sa 4:1; 29:1.

3.A city five miles east of the sea of Galilee, the walls of which fell upon twenty-seven thousand Syrians under Benhadad, after his defeat by the Israelites, 1Ki 20:26-34.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Aphekah, Aphik, strength; a rapid torrent

[the] king of Aphek one [the] king of Sharon one
אֶחָ֔ד'e.Chad one H259 Adj
971× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means one or united, and is used to describe something that is single or unique. It is often translated as one, first, or alone. For example, in Genesis 1:5, God calls the light day and the darkness night, and separates them into one thing from another.
Amplified meaning
single, united
Tyndale gloss
one
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one

one

= each, every

= a certain

= indef. art.

only, & (fem.) once

one … another, one … the other

as ordinal first

in combin.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H259 אֶחָד one . one

. = each, every

. = a certain

. = indef. art.

. only, & (fem.) once

. one … another, one … the other

. as ordinal first

. in combin.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

259 'echad ekh-awd'

a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an

ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,

any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +

eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,

other, some, together,

see HEBREW for 0258

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.

1) one (number)

1a) one (number)

1b) each, every

1c) a certain

1d) an (indefinite article)

1e) only, once, once for all

1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one

1g) first

1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wun.

See NUMBER.

[the] king of Aphek one [the] king of Sharon one
מֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekh [the] king H4428 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
2,526× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Amplified meaning
sovereign, royal person
Tyndale gloss
King's
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king.' It is derived from a root that suggests royalty. The term appears in various contexts, including references to specific kings and locations, such as the 'King's Highway' in Numbers 20:17 and the 'King's Valley' in Genesis 14:17. The lexicons note its Aramaic equivalent and mention its use in the context of individuals like Hammelech in Jeremiah.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4428 מֶ֫לֶךְ king

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4428 melek meh'-lek

from 4427; a king:--king, royal.

see HEBREW for 04427

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.

1) king

Aramaic equivalent: me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4430)

הַמֶּלֶךְ (me.lekh) — `the king`.

'the king' or a name, Hammelech in KJV of Jer.36.26; 38.6- a man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;

father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";

§ A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;

father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.

King's (Highway) (Num.20.17)

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.

Another name of she.lach (שֶׁ֫לַח "Shelah" H7975A)

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — Milcom.

Another name of mo.lekh (מֹ֫לֶךְ "Molech" H4432)

מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.

King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

King

Is in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan (Josh. 12:9, 24), whom Joshua subdued. Adonibezek subdued seventy kings (Judg. 1:7). In the New Testament the Roman emperor is spoken of as a king (1 Pet. 2:13, 17); and Herod Antipas, who was only a tetrarch, is also called a king (Matt. 14:9; Mark 6:22).

This title is applied to God (1 Tim. 1:17), and to Christ, the Son of God (1 Tim. 6:15, 16;

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Called KING OF KINGS Ezr 7:12; Eze 26:7; Da 2:37

→ Divinely authorized De 17:15; 1Sa 9:16,17; 16:12; 1Ch 22:10; 2Ch 2:11,12; Pr 8:15; Da 2:21,37; 4:17; 5:20; Ho 8:4; 13:11

→ How chosen

By divine appointment, Saul 1Sa 10:1

[the] king of Aphek one [the] king of Sharon one
לַשָּׁר֖וֹןla.sha.Ron of Sharon H8289 Preposition · noun proper
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Sharon is a plain in Palestine, between mountains and the Mediterranean Sea.
Amplified meaning
Sharon, a plain
Tyndale gloss
Sharon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁרוֹן (Sharown) refers to a region in Palestine known for its flat, fertile land. It is often described as a plain, particularly the maritime plain along the Mediterranean coast, extending from Joppa northward. The name may also relate to a district east of the Jordan River, near Gilead and Bashan.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁרוֹן n.pr.loc. Sharon

(with art.), name of maritime plain on Mediterr., fr, Joppa northward, noted for fertility

region E. of Jordan

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8289 שָׁרוֹן Sharon

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8289 Sharown shaw-rone'

probably abridged from 3474; plain, Sharon, the name of a

place in Palestine:--Lasharon, Sharon.

see HEBREW for 03474

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁרוֹן (sha.ron) — Lasharon.

Lasharon or 'of Sharon'

"a plain"

A town possibly near Mt. Tabor

שָׁרוֹן (sha.ron) — Sharon.

This name means plain, level

Sharon = "a plain"

a district on the east of the Jordan around Gilead and Bashan

שָׁרוֹן (sha.ron) — Sharon.

This name means plain, level

Sharon = "a plain"

the district lying between the mountains of central Palestine and the Mediterranean Sea and north of Joppa

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun proper
HRd/Npl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

shar'-un (ha-sharon, with the definite article possibly meaning "the plain"; to pedion, ho drumos, ho Saron):

(1) This name is attached to the strip of fairly level land which runs between the mountains and the shore of the Mediterranean, stretching from Nahr Ruben in the South to Mt. Carmel in the North. There are considerable rolling hills; but, compared with the mountains to the East, it is quite properly described as a plain. The soil is a deep rich loam, which is favorable to the growth of cereals. The orange, the vine and the olive grow to great perfection. When the many-colored flowers are in bloom it is a scene of rare beauty.

Of the streams in the plain four carry the bulk of the water from the western slopes of the mountains to the sea. They are also perennial, being fed by fountains. Nahr el-`Aujeh enters the sea to the North of Jaffa; Nahr Iskanderuneh 7 miles, and Nahr…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(a plain), a district of the holy land occasionally referred to in the Bible. (1 Chronicles 5:16; Isaiah 33:9) In (Acts 9:35) called SARON. The name has on each occurrence with one exception only, (1 Chronicles 5:16) the definite article; it would therefore appear that "the Sharon" was some well-defined region familiar to the Israelites. It is that broad, rich tract of land which lies between the mountains of the central part of the holy land and the Mediterranean --the northern continuation of the Shefelah. [PALESTINA AND PALESTINE] The Sharon of (2 Chronicles 5:16) to which allusion has already been made, is distinguished front the western plain by not having the article…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

1. A plain adjoining the seacoast of Palestine between Carmel and Joppa, about sixty miles in length and of variable width, expanding inland as it stretches from the promontory of Carmel towards the south. It contains some sandy tracts, but the soil is in general highly productive, and the plain was of old famous for its beauty and fertility, 1Ch 27:29 So 2:1 Isa 33:9 35:2 65:10. It contained a town of the same name, called Saron in Ac 9:35.

The whole plain was once thickly populated, but is now comparatively uninhabited. The heat of summer is excessive, and the climate somewhat unhealthy. All travellers describe the view of the plain from the tower of Ramleh as one of…

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

his plain; his song

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
[the] king of Aphek one [the] king of Sharon one
אֶחָֽד׃'e.Chad one H259 Adj
971× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means one or united, and is used to describe something that is single or unique. It is often translated as one, first, or alone. For example, in Genesis 1:5, God calls the light day and the darkness night, and separates them into one thing from another.
Amplified meaning
unique, solitary
Tyndale gloss
one
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one

one

= each, every

= a certain

= indef. art.

only, & (fem.) once

one … another, one … the other

as ordinal first

in combin.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H259 אֶחָד one . one

. = each, every

. = a certain

. = indef. art.

. only, & (fem.) once

. one … another, one … the other

. as ordinal first

. in combin.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

259 'echad ekh-awd'

a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an

ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,

any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +

eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,

other, some, together,

see HEBREW for 0258

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.

1) one (number)

1a) one (number)

1b) each, every

1c) a certain

1d) an (indefinite article)

1e) only, once, once for all

1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one

1g) first

1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wun.

See NUMBER.

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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