Job 34:8 — Word Study
WLCוְאָרַ֣ח לְ֭חֶבְרָה עִם־ פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן וְ֝לָלֶ֗כֶת עִם־ אַנְשֵׁי־ רֶֽשַׁע׃
BSAHe keepsʼârach■ companychebrâh△ [travels, journeys] withʻim evildoerspâʻal [workers of iniquity, those who do evil] withʻim wickedreshaʻ
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאָרַ֣ח | and he travels | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| לְ֭חֶבְרָה | for company | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| עִם־ | with | Preposition |
| פֹּ֣עֲלֵי | doers of | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine plural common |
| אָ֑וֶן | evil | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְ֝לָלֶ֗כֶת | and to walk | Conjunction, preposition, verb qal infinitive construct common |
| עִם־ | with | Preposition |
| אַנְשֵׁי־ | people of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| רֶֽשַׁע׃ | wickedness | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He keeps company with evildoers and walks with wicked men. |
| KJV | Which goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men. |
| ASV | Who goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, And walketh with wicked men? |
| YLT | And he hath travelled for company With workers of iniquity, So as to go with men of wickedness. |
| WEB | who goes in company with the workers of iniquity, and walks with wicked men? |
| BBE | And goes in the company of evil-doers, walking in the way of sinners? |
Where they part company is in the choice of words for אָרַח and לֶ֗כֶת — see How Translations Differ.
The verse consists of two main clauses connected by a conjunction, each detailing the actions of the subject.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbאָרַח
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 34:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on Righteousnessgenerated
Job 34:8 reflects on the behavior of individuals who choose to associate with evildoers and wicked men. This verse is part of a larger argument about the nature of justice and the character of God, emphasizing that God does not act unjustly, as seen in the following verses. Job questions the wisdom of those who delight in wrongdoing and warns against the consequences of such associations.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 2:10 | “You speak as a foolish woman speaks,” he told her. “Should we accept from God only good and not adversity?” In all this, Job did not sin in what he said. |
| 2 | Job 11:3 | Should your babbling put others to silence? Will you scoff without rebuke? |
| 3 | Job 15:5 | For your iniquity instructs your mouth, and you choose the language of the crafty. |
| 4 | Psalm 1:1 | Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked, or set foot on the path of sinners, or sit in the seat of mockers. |
| 5 | Psalm 26:4 | I do not sit with deceitful men, nor keep company with hypocrites. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אָרַח, ve.'a.Rachgenerated
The verb אָרַח (arach) means to journey or travel, indicating movement from one place to another. It emphasizes the act of companionship in travel, suggesting that the individual not only travels but also shares in the actions of those they accompany.
In this context, it highlights the moral implications of choosing to journey with evildoers, suggesting a deeper association with their actions and character.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb אָרַח governs the structure of the verse, indicating the action of keeping company. It is followed by a prepositional phrase that specifies the nature of the company, and then another verb הלך that describes the action of walking.
The sentence emphasizes the connection between the actions of keeping company and walking, suggesting that both are integral to the character of the individual being described.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אָרַח as ὁδοῦ (hodos), which means 'way' or 'path'. This choice indicates a focus on the direction of one's life and the moral journey taken with others.
The use of κοινωνήσας for חֶבְרָה emphasizes the communal aspect of association, highlighting the shared moral implications of companionship.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 34:8 tells us that a person associates with evildoers and walks with wicked men. This verse serves as a warning about the consequences of choosing the wrong company, emphasizing the moral implications of such associations.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means to associate closely with those who do wrong, sharing in their actions and potentially adopting their values.
Walking with wicked men signifies a deeper level of companionship and agreement with their immoral behavior.
This verse contrasts the behavior of the righteous with that of the wicked, highlighting the moral dangers of associating with those who do evil.
We learn the importance of choosing our companions wisely, as our associations can influence our character and moral standing.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do the company I keep and the people I associate with influence my character and actions?
- In what ways can I ensure that my associations reflect my values and beliefs?
- What are some practical steps I can take to distance myself from negative influences?
- How can I encourage others to choose their companions wisely?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 34:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleWhich goeth in company with the workers of iniquity,.... The worst of men, who make it their constant business and employment to commit sin: and walketh with wicked men; the most abandoned of mankind.
Read John Gill on Job 34 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryWhich goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 34 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAlthough I dare not say, as his three friends do, that he is a wicked man, yet in this matter he speaks and acts like one of them.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 34 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 34:8 Which goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men.Ver. 8. Which goeth in company with the workers of iniquity] Strange if he should; for the wicked is abomination to the righteous, Proverbs 29:27. "Lord, gather not my soul with sinners, nor my life with bloody men," saith David, Psalms 26:9. Lord, send me not to hell among the wicked (said a certain good woman upon her death bed), for thou knowest I never liked their company here on earth. But how proveth Elihu this charge against Job, who was ever a terror to graceless Belialists? Forsooth he gathereth it from a certain speech of his, if he could tell what, or when it was uttered.
Read John Trapp on Job 34 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) And walketh with wicked men.—This was the charge that was brought against Job by Eliphaz (Job 15:4-5; Job 22:15).
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 34 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 8. Which goeth in company with the workers of iniquity] This is an allusion to a caravan: all kinds of persons are found there; but yet a holy and respectable man might be found in that part of the company where profligates assembled. But surely this assertion of Elihu was not strictly true; and the words literally translated, will bear a less evil meaning: "Job makes a track ארח arach, to join fellowship, לחברה lechebrah, with the workers of iniquity;" i.e., Job's present mode of reasoning, when he says, "I am righteous, yet God hath taken away my judgment," is according to the assertion of sinners, who say, "There is no profit in serving God; for, if a man be righteous, he is not…
Read AdamClarke on Job 34 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. In expressing such opinions Job goes over to the camp of the professed ungodly; comp. Job 22:15; Psalms 1:1.
Read Cambridge on Job 34 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleWhich goeth in company with the workers of iniquity - That is, in his sentiments. The idea is, that he advocated the same opinions which they did, and entertained the same views of God and of his government.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He keeps company with evildoers and walks with wicked men.
who goes in company with the workers of iniquity, and walks with wicked men?
He keeps company with evildoers and walks with wicked men.
He goes about in company with evildoers, he goes along with wicked men.
Tyndale line
Which goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men.
Who goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, And walketh with wicked men?
Which goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men.
Who goeth in company with the workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men.
Which goeth in the companie of them that worke iniquitie, and walketh with wicked men?
Strictly literal
And goeth in company with workers of iniquity, and walketh with wicked men.
And he hath travelled for company With workers of iniquity, So as to go with men of wickedness.
And he has traveled for company || With workers of iniquity, || So as to go with men of wickedness.
And is on the road to keep company with the wrong-doers, and to walk with men of wickedness?
who goes around in the company of those who do evil, and who walks with wicked men?
From the Latin
Who goeth in company with them that work iniquity, and walketh with wicked men?
Simplified
He keeps company with wicked people; he associates with those who do evil.
And goes in the company of evil-doers, walking in the way of sinners?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint share significant agreement in this verse, with 7 of the 9 words matched. The Septuagint's translation reflects a similar understanding of the moral implications of the actions described.
וְאָרַ֣ח לְ֭חֶבְרָה עִם־ פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן וְ֝לָלֶ֗כֶת עִם־ אַנְשֵׁי־ רֶֽשַׁע׃
7 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 34:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אָרַח (arach) means to wander or journey, covering the act of traveling or going. It can refer to a wanderer or wayfarer as a noun. The entries consistently emphasize the themes of movement and companionship in travel.
אָרַח vb. wander, journey, go
journey, go
Pt. wandering, wayfaring, journeying; as subst. wanderer, wayfarer, traveller
base
H732 אָרַח wander, journey, go . journey, go
. Pt. wandering, wayfaring, journeying; as subst. wanderer, wayfarer, traveller
732 'arach aw-rakh'
a primitive root; to travel:--go, wayfaring (man).
אָרַח (a.rach) — to journey.
1) to wander, journey, go, keep company with
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to journey, go
1a2) (part.)
1a2a) wandering, wayfarer, journeying
1a3) (subst.)
1a3a) wanderer, wayfarer, traveller
Conj | V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
חֶבְרָה (chebrah) is a feminine noun meaning 'company' or 'association.' It derives from the root word חָבַר (chavar), which relates to joining or associating. The term is used in Job 34:8, where it refers to a group or company of people.
חֶבְרָה n.f. association, company (abstr.) Jb 34:8
ref
H2274 חֶבְרָה
2274 chebrah kheb-raw'
feminine of 2267; association:--company.
see HEBREW for 02267
חֶבְרָה (chev.rah) — company.
company, association
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHR/Ncfsa
kum'-pa-ni: The fertility of the original languages in synonyms and varied shades of meaning is seen by the fact that 20 Hebrew and 12 Greek words are represented by this single term. An analysis of these words shows that "company" is both an indefinite and limitless term, signifying few or many, and all kinds of assemblages of people, e.g.:
(1) Caravan,
(a) migratory (Isa 21:13 the King James Version);
עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.
עִם prep. with
of fellowship and companionship
of aid
Of actions done jointly with another
If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against
Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another
Of a common lot together with the wicked
Of equality or resemblance generally aid
Of time, as long as
Of a locality, close to, beside
Of persons, עִם is spec.
in the house or family or service of
In possession of
In the custody or care of
Beside = except
With = friendly with
Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
base
מֵעִם 72 from with or beside
base
H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship
. Of a locality, close to, beside
. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of
. In possession of
. In the custody or care of
. Beside = except
. With = friendly with
. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside
5973 `im eem
from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction
with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;
often with prepositional prefix (and then usually
unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X
long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from
(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,
with(-al).
see HEBREW for 06004
עִם (im) — with.
1) with
1a) with
1b) against
1c) toward
1d) as long as
מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.
1a) beside, except
1b) in spite of
Prep — PrepositionHR
פָּעַל (pa'al) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, often used in a systematic or habitual sense. It encompasses actions like committing, ordaining, and working, with a poetic nuance compared to the more common verb for 'to do' (עָשָׂה). The entries consistently highlight its usage in the Qal stem, emphasizing its foundational role in expressing action.
פָּעַל 67 vb. do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה)
Qal
do
make
base
H6466 פָּעַל do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה)
6466 pa`al paw-al'
a primitive root; to do or make (systematically and
habitually), especially to practise:--commit, (evil-)
do(-er), make(-r), ordain, work(-er).
פָּעַל (pa.al) — to work.
1) to do, make
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to do
1a2) to make
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural commonHVqrmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אָ֫וֶן (aven) encompasses meanings related to trouble, sorrow, and wickedness. It may also refer to idolatry and the concept of vanity or nothingness. The entries suggest a range of negative connotations, including affliction and iniquity, indicating a strong moral or ethical dimension. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
אָ֫וֶן 85 n.m. trouble, sorrow, wickedness
trouble, sorrow
idolatry
trouble of iniquity, wickedness
base
H205 אָ֫וֶן trouble, sorrow, wickedness
205 'aven aw-ven'
from an unused root perhaps meaning properly, to pant (hence,
to exert oneself, usually in vain; to come to naught);
strictly nothingness; also trouble. vanity, wickedness;
specifically an idol:--affliction, evil, false, idol,
iniquity, mischief, mourners(-ing), naught, sorrow, unjust,
unrighteous, vain ,vanity, wicked(-ness). Compare 369.
see HEBREW for 0369
אָ֫וֶן (a.ven) — evil: wickedness.
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow
1a) trouble, sorrow
1b) idolatry
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness
Also means: a.ven (אָ֫וֶן ": trouble" H0205H)
אָ֫וֶן (a.ven) — evil: trouble.
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow
1a) trouble, sorrow
1b) idolatry
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
ev'-'-l, e'-vil ra`; poneros, @kakos, @kakon:
In the Bible it is represented as moral and physical. We choose to discuss the subject under these heads. Many of the evils that come upon men have not been intended by those who suffer for them. Disease, individual and national calamity, drought, scarcity of food, may not always be charged to the account of intentional wrong. Many times the innocent suffer with, and even for, the guilty. In such cases, only physical evil is apparent. Even when the suffering has been occasioned by sin or dereliction of duty, whether the wrong is active or passive, many, perhaps the majority of those who are injured, are not accountable in any way for the ills which come upon them. Neither is God the author of moral evil. "God cannot be tempted with evil, and he himself tempteth no man" (Jas 1:13).
→ APPEARANCE OF, TO BE AVOIDED Ro 14:1-23; 1Co 8:7-13; 10:28-33; 1Th 4:11,12; 5:22
→ INSTANCES OF
Paul, in refusing to eat what had been offered to idols 1Co 8:13
In supporting himself 1Co 9:7-23
הָלַךְ (halak) means 'to go,' 'come,' or 'walk,' and covers a wide range of literal and figurative uses, including aspects of life and death. It can describe physical movement, moral conduct, and even influence on character. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances like leading or traversing.
הָלַךְ 1546 vb. go, come, walk
Qal Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך
lit.
of persons
Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations
in like manner of inanimate things
The inf. abs. is often used
as in other vbs., quite independently
to intensify meaning of finite form
most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs.
with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance
with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)
in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. adj. denoting progress, advance
twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion
quite by itself
13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.
akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.
In combination with other verbal forms
Fig.; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident:
pass away, die
H1980 הָלַךְ go, come, walk .Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך . lit. . of persons
. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations
. in like manner of inanimate things
. The inf. abs. is often used . as in other vbs., quite independently
. to intensify meaning of finite form
. most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs. . with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance
. with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)
. in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. + adj. denoting progress, advance
. twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion
. quite by itself
. 13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.
. akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.
. In combination with other verbal forms
1980 halak haw-lak'
akin to 3212; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety
of applications, literally and figuratively):--(all) along,
apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant,
depart, + be eased, enter, exercise (self), + follow, forth,
forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on,
out, up and down), + greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead,
march, X more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away),
be at the point, quite, run (along), + send, speedily, spread,
still, surely, + tale-bearer, + travel(-ler), walk (abroad,
on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax,
(way-)faring man, X be weak, whirl.
see HEBREW for 03212
הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: went.
: went/go[away]
1) to go, walk, come
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away
1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to walk
1b2) to walk (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to traverse
1c2) to walk about
1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk
הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: come.
: come[nearer]
1) to go, walk, come
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away
1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to walk
1b2) to walk (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to traverse
1c2) to walk about
1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk
הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: walk.
: walk/move
1) to go, walk, come
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away
1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to walk
1b2) to walk (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to traverse
HC/R/Vqcc — Conjunction · preposition · verb qal infinitive construct commonHC/R/Vqcc
wok (peripatein): Aside from its frequent occurrence in the usual sense, the word "walk" is used figuratively of conduct and of spiritual states. (1) Observance of laws or customs: "Thou teachest all the Jews who are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children, neither to walk after the customs" (Ac 21:21). (2) Of the spiritual life: "If we walk in the light, as he is in the light" (1Joh 1:7); "That like as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we also might walk in newness of life" (Ro 6:4); "Walk by the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfill the lust of the flesh" (Ga 5:16); "For we walk by faith, not by sight"…
Is often figuratively used to denote a man’s mode of life, or his spiritual character, course, and relations, Eze 11:20. He may walk as a carnal or as a spiritual man, Ro 8:1; with God, or in ignorance and sin, Ge 5:24 1Jo 5:21; in the fire of affliction, Isa 43:2, or in the light, purity, and joy of Christ’s favor here and in heaven, Ps 89:15 Re 3:4.
עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.
עִם prep. with
of fellowship and companionship
of aid
Of actions done jointly with another
If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against
Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another
Of a common lot together with the wicked
Of equality or resemblance generally aid
Of time, as long as
Of a locality, close to, beside
Of persons, עִם is spec.
in the house or family or service of
In possession of
In the custody or care of
Beside = except
With = friendly with
Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
base
מֵעִם 72 from with or beside
base
H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship
. Of a locality, close to, beside
. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of
. In possession of
. In the custody or care of
. Beside = except
. With = friendly with
. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside
5973 `im eem
from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction
with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;
often with prepositional prefix (and then usually
unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X
long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from
(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,
with(-al).
see HEBREW for 06004
עִם (im) — with.
1) with
1a) with
1b) against
1c) toward
1d) as long as
מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.
1a) beside, except
1b) in spite of
Prep — PrepositionHR
אֱנוֹשׁ (enowsh) refers to man or mankind, often used in a poetic context. It denotes a mortal individual, distinguishing humans from more dignified terms for man. The word encompasses both singular and collective meanings, indicating people or persons in general. Its Aramaic equivalent is אֱנָשׁ (e.nash), also meaning 'man'.
אֱנוֹשׁ n.m. man, mankind, mostly poet.
of individ.
coll. men
man, mankind
base
H582 אֱנוֹשׁ man, mankind, mostly poet.
582 'enowsh en-oshe'
from 605; properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the
more dignified 120); hence, a man in general (singly or
collectively):--another, X (blood-)thirsty, certain,
chap(-man); divers, fellow, X in the flower of their age,
husband, (certain, mortal) man, people, person, servant, some
( X of them), + stranger, those, + their trade. It is often
unexpressed in the English versions, especially when used in
apposition with another word . Compare 376.
see HEBREW for 0605
see HEBREW for 0120
see HEBREW for 0376
אֱנוֹשׁ (e.nosh) — human.
1) man, mortal man, person, mankind
1a) of an individual
1b) men (collective)
1c) man, mankind
Aramaic equivalent: e.nash (אֱנָשׁ "man" H0606)
HNcmpc — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
רֶ֫שַׁע (resha`) refers to wickedness or moral wrong. It encompasses various forms of wrongdoing, including violence, crime against civil law, and ethical violations. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to be wrong' and is used in contexts relating to both personal and societal morality.
רֶ֫שַׁע n.m. wickedness
base
H7562 רֶ֫שַׁע wickedness
7562 resha` reh'-shah
from 7561; a wrong (especially moral):--iniquity,
wicked(-ness).
see HEBREW for 07561
רֶ֫שַׁע (re.sah) — wickedness.
1) wrong, wickedness, guilt
1a) wickedness (as violence and crime against civil law)
1b) wickedness (of enemies)
1c) wickedness (in ethical relations)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
wik'-ed-nes:
1. In the Old Testament:
The state of being wicked; a mental disregard for justice, righteousness, truth, honor, virtue; evil in thought and life; depravity; sinfulness; criminality. See SIN. Many words are rendered "wickedness." There are many synonyms for wickedness in English and also in the Hebrew. Pride and vanity lead to it: "All the proud, and all that work wickedness (rish`ah) shall be stubble" (Mal 4:1). Akin to this is the word `awen, "iniquity," "vanity": "She eateth, and wipeth her mouth, and saith, I have done no wickedness" (Pr 30:20). Then we have the word hawwah, meaning "mischief," "calamity," coming from inward intent upon evil: "Lo, this is the man that made not God his strength, but trusted in the abundance of his riches, and strengthened himself in…