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Job 34:32 — Word Study

Depth

WLCבִּלְעֲדֵ֣י אֶ֭חֱזֶה אַתָּ֣ה הֹרֵ֑נִי אִֽם־ עָ֥וֶל פָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּי לֹ֣א אֹסִֽיף׃

BSATeach meyârâh [show, point out] what I cannotbilʻădêy seechâzâh [that which I do not perceive, beyond my understanding] ifʼim I have donepâʻal [committed, worked] wrongʻevel [iniquity, injustice, moral evil] I will notlôʼ [no longer, never again] do it againyâçaph [continue, add to my wrongdoing]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 34
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 32 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('o.Sif) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 34:32quick helps
In a sentenceJob asks God to teach him what he cannot perceive and vows not to repeat any wrongdoing.
Who is speakingJob, directly addressing God.
Where we areJob is in a dialogue about understanding his actions and seeking divine instruction.
The hard wordעָ֥וֶל
Take awayJob acknowledges his faults and desires to learn from them.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectאַתָּה verbחָזָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 34:32

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Plea for Understandinggenerated

31Suppose someone says to God, ‘I have endured my punishment; I will offend no more.
32Teach me what I cannot see; if I have done wrong, I will not do it again.’
33Should God repay you on your own terms when you have disavowed His? You must choose, not I; so tell me what you know.
34Men of understanding will declare to me, and the wise men who hear me will say:

Job 34:32 is part of Job's response, where he seeks clarity from God regarding his actions and expresses a commitment to avoid wrongdoing in the future. This plea is set against the backdrop of his suffering and the discussions about justice and divine oversight, reflecting a deep desire for guidance and understanding.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 10:2I will say to God: Do not condemn me! Let me know why You prosecute me.
2Psalm 19:12Who can discern his own errors? Cleanse me from my hidden faults.
3Psalm 25:4–5Show me Your ways, O LORD; teach me Your paths.
4Psalm 32:8I will instruct you and teach you the way you should go; I will give you counsel and watch over you.
5Psalm 139:23–24Search me, O God, and know my heart; test me and know my concerns.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 9 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word הֹרֵ֑נִי, ho.Re.nigenerated

The verb הֹרֵ֑נִי (ho.Re.ni) is a Hiphil imperative form, meaning 'instruct me' or 'teach me.' It is derived from the root that conveys the idea of showing or pointing out, emphasizing the act of teaching through demonstration.

This word captures Job's earnest request for divine instruction on matters beyond his comprehension. It highlights the relationship between the teacher and the learner, where Job acknowledges his need for guidance.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse is structured around two main clauses: the first is a request for instruction, and the second is a conditional statement regarding wrongdoing. The finite verb הֹרֵ֑נִי (instruct me) governs the first clause, while the second clause follows with an 'if' condition introduced by אִֽם־ (if).

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on Job's direct appeal to God, highlighting the urgency and sincerity of his request for understanding.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates הֹרֵ֑נִי as μοι (moi), which means 'to me.' This choice conveys a direct and personal appeal to God for instruction, maintaining the intimate nature of Job's request.

The Greek word ἄνευ (anew) for בִּלְעֲדֵי indicates a similar sense of exclusion or absence, reinforcing the idea of Job seeking clarity in areas he cannot grasp.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 34:32 shows Job asking God to teach him what he cannot see. He acknowledges that if he has done wrong, he will not repeat it. This reflects Job's desire for understanding and his commitment to change.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'what I cannot see'?

Job is referring to his lack of understanding about his actions and their implications, seeking divine insight into his moral state.

Why does Job express a willingness not to repeat wrongdoing?

Job's statement reflects his desire for repentance and a commitment to align his actions with God's standards of righteousness.

How does Job's plea relate to his overall situation?

Job's plea for understanding comes amid his suffering and discussions about justice, highlighting his quest for clarity in the midst of confusion.

What can we learn from Job's request for instruction?

Job's request emphasizes the importance of seeking wisdom and guidance from God, especially when faced with uncertainty about our actions.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I need God's instruction to see clearly?
  2. How can I demonstrate a willingness to change my actions if I recognize wrongdoing?
  3. What does it mean to me to seek understanding from God when I feel confused?
  4. How can I apply Job's humility in seeking guidance in my own life?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 34:32 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

[That which] I see not teach thou me,.... Which may be understood either of the chastisements of God, and his dealings with his people in a providential way, and of the design and use of them, which

Read John Gill on Job 34 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

That which I see not teach thou me: if I have done iniquity, I will do no more.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 34 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

I will no longer maintain mine innocency, but from thy judgments I will conclude and have reason to believe that there are some secret sins in me, for which thou dost chastise me, and which I through mine ignorance or partiality cannot yet discover, and therefore do beg that thou wouldst by thy Spirit manifest them to me. If I have done iniquity, I will amend my former errors.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 34 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 34:32 [That which] I see not teach thou me: if I have done iniquity, I will do no more.Ver. 32. That which I see not, teach thou me] For I am yet in the dark, and know not the right cause wherefore thou afflictest me. Herein men are very apt to mistake themselves, and when God calls one way to run another, as young Samuel did, i Sam. iii. 5. The devil also dealeth by the afflicted as the Jews did by Christ, blindfolds them, and then bids them prophesy who smote them, and for what? Hence in afflictions we many times grope as blind men, guessing at this cause and at that, but seldom fasten on the right. Here, then, God must be sought unto for direction, and besought that he would…

Read John Trapp on Job 34 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(31, 32) I have borne chastisement . . .—These verses express the attitude that should be assumed towards God: one of submission and penitence.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 34 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 32. That which I see not] "What I do not know, teach thou me; wherein I have done iniquity, I will do so no more."

Read AdamClarke on Job 34 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

29–33. The connexion of the following verses is rather uncertain. The sense of Job 34:30 might suggest the connexion of Job 34:29-30 with the preceding. In this case Job 34:31 would make a new start, and the connexion would be maintained to the end of the chapter. It is probable, however, that Job 34:34-37 should be taken by themselves. In Job 34:29 the word he is emphatic; similarly in Job 34:31 an emphasis falls on God. This common emphasis, in Job 34:29-30 on the absoluteness of God’s operation and in Job 34:31-33 on the presumption of any one who questions it, seems to bind these two groups of verses together. The verses read as a whole, 29. When he giveth quietness, who shall condemn…

Read Cambridge on Job 34 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

That which I see not, teach thou me - That is, in regard to my errors and sins. No prayer could be more appropriate than this.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 34 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Teach me what I cannot see; if I have done wrong, I will not do it again.’

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Teach me that which I don’t see. If I have done iniquity, I will do it no more’?

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Teach me what I cannot see; if I have done wrong, I will not do it again.’

NETBNew English Translation2006

Teach me what I cannot see. If I have done evil, I will do so no more.’

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

That which I see not teach thou me: if I have done iniquity, I will do no more.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

That which I see not teach thou me: If I have done iniquity, I will do it no more?

RVARevised Version, American1894

That which I see not teach thou me: if I have done iniquity, I will do it no more?

NWBWebster's Bible1833

That which I see not teach thou me: if I have done iniquity, I will do no more.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

But if I see not, teach thou me: if I haue done wickedly, I will doe no more.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

What I see not, teach thou me; if I have done wrong, I will do so no more?

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Besides [that which] I see, shew Thou me, If iniquity I have done — I do not add?'

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Besides [that which] I see, You show me, || If I have done iniquity—I do not add?

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

What I cannot see myself, do thou truly teach me; if I have done what is unjust, I will do so no more.”

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

teach me what I cannot see; I have committed sin, but I will do it no longer.'

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

If I have erred, teach thou me: if I have spoken iniquity, I will add no more.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Show me what I cannot see. If I have done wrong, I won't do it again,’

BBEBible in Basic English1949

...

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseבִּלְעֲדֵ֣יapart.fromclauseverbאֶ֭חֱזֶה[that.which].I.seeclausesubjectאַתָּ֣הyouverbהֹרֵ֑instructobjectנִיmeclauseclauseאִֽםifclauseobjectעָ֥וֶלunrighteousnessverbפָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּיI.have.doneclauseadverbialלֹ֣אnotverbאֹסִֽיףI.will.repeat

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in wording, with all 9 Hebrew words matched in the Greek translation. This alignment suggests a consistent understanding of Job's plea across these ancient texts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

בִּלְעֲדֵ֣י אֶ֭חֱזֶה אַתָּ֣ה הֹרֵ֑נִי אִֽם־ עָ֥וֶל פָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּי לֹ֣א אֹסִֽיף׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
בִּלְעֲדֵ֣יἄνευאֶ֭חֱזֶהὄψομαιאַתָּ֣הσὺהֹרֵ֑נִיμοιאִֽם־εἰעָ֥וֶלἀδικίανפָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּיἠργασάμηνלֹ֣אοὐאֹסִֽיף׃προσθήσω

9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 34:32בִּלְעֲדֵיapart fromapart fromבִּלְעֲדֵיחָזָה[that which[that which] I חָזָהאַתָּ֫הO youO youאַתָּ֫היָרָאinstruct meinstruct meיָרָאאִםififאִםעָ֫וֶלunrighteousunrighteousnessעָ֫וֶלפָּעַלI have doneI have doneפָּעַללֹאnotnotלֹאיָסַףI will repeI will repeatיָסַףבַּלnotnotבַּלעָוַלto act unjto act unjustlyעָוַלצוּרrockrockצוּרמִיwho?who?מִיקָסַםto divineto divineקָסַםאָמוֹץAmozAmozאָמוֹץיָרַשׁto possessto possess: posיָרַשׁחֵץarrowarrowחֵץחֵןfavorfavorחֵןיֵשׁtherethereיֵשׁצְדָקָהrighteousnrighteousnessצְדָקָהצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקאָ֫וֶןevil: wickevil: wickednesאָ֫וֶןעָ֫וֶלinjusticeinjusticeעָ֫וֶליָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדחֲמִישִׁיfifthfifthחֲמִישִׁיעֹלyokeyokeעֹל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 34:32

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
בִּלְעֲדֵ֣יbil.'a.Dei apart from H1107 Part
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means except or without, like in a phrase saying something is not included. The Bible uses it to show exclusion or exception, like in a rule or a law that does not apply to everyone.
Tyndale gloss
beside
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בִּלְעֲדֵי (bil'adey) is a Hebrew word meaning 'not unto,' 'apart from,' 'except,' or 'without.' It is constructed from two roots, one related to 'not' and the other to 'till.' The word is used in contexts indicating exclusion or absence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בִּלְעֲדֵי prop. not unto, hence apart from, except, without

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1107 בִּלְעֲדֵי prop. not unto, hence apart from, except, without

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1107 bil`adey bil-ad-ay'

or balmadey {bal-ad-ay'}; constructive plural from 1077 and

5703, not till, i.e. (as preposition or adverb) except,

without, besides:--beside, not (in), save, without.

see HEBREW for 01077

see HEBREW for 05703

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בִּלְעֲדֵי (bil.a.de) — beside.

apart from, except, without, besides

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Part
HAcbsa
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
אֶ֭חֱזֶה'E.che.zeh [that which] I see H2372 Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singular
55× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Chazah means to see or perceive, and can also mean to have a vision or prophesy. It is used to describe seeing something with your eyes or in your mind.
Amplified meaning
that which I do not perceive, beyond my understanding
Tyndale gloss
to see
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָזָה (chazah) is a Hebrew verb primarily used in poetic contexts, meaning to see or behold. It encompasses a range of meanings including perceiving, contemplating, and having visions, often in an ecstatic state. The entries highlight its use in prophesying and providing insight, with an Aramaic equivalent also noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חָזָה vb. (almost wholly poet.) see, behold

Qal

see, behold

see as a seer in the ecstatic state

see, perceive

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2372 חָזָה (almost wholly poet.) see, behold

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2372 chazah khaw-zaw'

a primitive root; to gaze at; mentally, to perceive,

contemplate (with pleasure); specifically, to have a vision

of:--behold, look, prophesy, provide, see.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָזָה (cha.zah) — to see.

1) to see, perceive, look, behold, prophesy, provide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see, behold

1a2) to see as a seer in the ecstatic state

1a3) to see, perceive

1a3a) with the intelligence

1a3b) to see (by experience)

1a3c) to provide

Aramaic equivalent: cha.zah (חֲזָה "to see" H2370)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singular
HVqi1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

se: In addition to the ordinary sense of perceiving by the eye, we have

(1) chazah, "to see" (in vision): "Words of Amos .... which he saw concerning Israel" (Am 1:1). The revelation was made to his inward eye. "The word of Yahweh .... which he (Micah) saw concerning Samaria" (Mic 1:1), describing what he saw in prophetic vision (compare Hab 1:1); see REVELATION, III, 4;

(2) horao, "to take heed": "See thou say nothing" (Mr 1:44);

(3) eidon, "to know," "to note with the mind": "Jesus saw that he answered discreetly" (Mr 12:34);

apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
אַתָּ֣ה'a.Tah O you H859 Pronoun
1,094× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
You is the translation of a Hebrew word used to address someone directly, like when God says you to someone in the Bible. It can be singular or plural, and is often translated as thee, thou, or ye.
Tyndale gloss
you(m.s.)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַתָּ֫ה (attah) is a second-person pronoun in Hebrew, used to address someone directly. It has masculine and feminine forms: אַתָּה for singular masculine, אַתְּ for singular feminine, אַתֶּם for plural masculine, and אַתֵּן for plural feminine. The entries indicate variations in form and usage, reflecting the pronoun's grammatical complexity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַתָּ֫ה, אָ֑תָּה pron. 2 s. m. thou

base

אתי, i.e. אתִּי, the older & more original form of אַתְּ thou (fem.)

base

אַתְּ, אָ֑תְּ pron. 2 s. f. thou (fem.)

base

אַתֶּם pron. 2 m. pl. you (masc.)

base

אַתֵּן pron. 2 f. pl. you (fem.)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H859a אַתָּ֫ה, אָ֑תָּה pron. 2 s. m. thou H859b אתי, i.e. אתִּי, the older & more original form of אַתְּ thou (fem.) H859c אַתְּ, אָ֑תְּ pron. 2 s. f. thou (fem.) H859d אַתֶּם pron. 2 m. pl. you (masc.) H859e אַתֵּן pron. 2 f. pl. you (fem.)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

859 'attah at-taw'

or (shortened); aatta {at-taw'}; or wath {ath}; feminine

(irregular) sometimes nattiy {at-tee'}; plural masculine attem

{at- tem'}; feminine atten {at-ten'}; or oattenah

{at-tay'naw}; or fattennah {at-tane'-naw}; a primitive pronoun

of the second person; thou and thee, or (plural) ye and

you:--thee, thou, ye, you.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַתָּ֫ה (at.tah) — you(m.s.).

you (second pers. sing. masc.)

אתִּי (ti) — you(f.s.).

you (second pers. sing. fem.)

A grammatical form of at.tah (אַתָּ֫ה "you(m.s.)" H0859A)

אַתְּ (at.te) — you(f.s.).

you (second pers. sing. fem.)

A grammatical form of at.tah (אַתָּ֫ה "you(m.s.)" H0859A)

אַתֶּם (at.tem) — you(m.p.).

you (second pers. pl. masc.)

Aramaic equivalent: an.tun (אַנְתּוּן "you" H0608)

אַתֵּן (at.ten) — you(f.p.).

you (second pers. pl. fem.)

A grammatical form of at.tah (אַתָּ֫ה "you(m.s.)" H0859A)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HPp2ms — Pronoun
HPp2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
הֹרֵ֑נִיho.Re.ni instruct me H3384 Verb hiphil imperative second person masculine singular · suffix
80× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To show or teach something, like pointing it out or shooting an arrow. It is used in Psalms and Proverbs to describe instructing or directing others.
Amplified meaning
show, point out
Tyndale gloss
to shoot
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word יָרָא (*yarah*) encompasses meanings related to shooting, pouring, and throwing. It can refer to actions like shooting arrows or casting water, as well as figurative uses such as teaching or directing. The entries indicate that it has both a literal and a figurative range, with roots in the idea of flowing or pointing out.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָרָא] vb. shoot, pour

Qal shoot with arrows

Hiph. and they shot at; Pt. pl. the shooters, archers

Hoph. he that watereth shall himself also be watered

base

יָרָה vb. throw, shoot

Qal

throw, cast

cast (= lay, set), corner-stone; pillar

shoot arrows

throw water, rain

Niph. shot through (with arrows)

Hiph.

throw, cast

shoot (arrows)

throw water, rain

point out, shew

direct, teach, instruct

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3384a יָרָא shoot, pour H3384b יָרָה throw, shoot .. throw, cast

. cast (= lay, set), corner-stone; pillar

. shoot arrows

. throw water, rain

. shot through (with arrows)

. . throw, cast

. shoot (arrows)

. throw water, rain

. point out, shew

. direct, teach, instruct

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3384 yarah yaw-raw'

or (2 Chr. 26:15) yara; {yaw-raw'}; a primitive root;

properly, to flow as water (i.e. to rain); transitively, to

lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e. to shoot);

figuratively, to point out (as if by aiming the finger), to

teach:--(+) archer, cast, direct, inform, instruct, lay, shew,

shoot, teach(-er,-ing), through.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָרָא (ya.ra) — to shoot.

1) to shoot, pour

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to shoot arrows

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to shoot at

1b2) part. shooter, archer

1c) to throw water, rain

יָרָה (ya.rah) — to show.

1) to point out, show

1b) to direct, teach, instruct

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Impv-2ms | Suff — Verb hiphil imperative second person masculine singular · suffix
HVhv2ms/Sp1bs
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
אִֽם־'im- if H518 Particle
1,070× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Tyndale gloss
if
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִם (im) is a Hebrew conjunction primarily meaning 'if' and is used in various contexts, including conditional clauses and interrogative situations. It can also express negation, alternatives, or exceptions, and appears frequently in the Old Testament. The lexicons note its use in oaths and its ability to connect different clauses, sometimes altering their meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִם conj.

hypoth. part. if

Interrog. part.

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H518a אִם conj. . hypoth. part. if

. Interrog. part.

H518b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

518 'im eem

a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!;

interrog., whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh

that!, when; hence, as a negative, not:--(and, can-,

doubtless, if, that) (not), + but, either, + except, +

more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or,

+ save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, + surely (no more,

none, not), though, + of a truth, + unless, + verily, when,

whereas, whether, while, + yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִם (im) — if.

: if/whether_or/though

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

[כִּי] אם (ki im) — if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

אִם (im) — if: surely no.

: surely_no

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: surely yes.

: surely_yes

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: until.

: until/except

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
עָ֥וֶל'A.vel unrighteousness H5766 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
54× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Injustice or moral evil is what this word represents, covering violent deeds, unfair speech, and general wrongdoing. It is used to describe actions that go against God's standards of righteousness.
Amplified meaning
iniquity, injustice, moral evil
Tyndale gloss
injustice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָ֫וֶל (*evel*) and its variant עַוְלָה (*avlah*) both denote concepts of injustice and unrighteousness. They encompass moral evil, including violent deeds and wrongful speech. The entries highlight their usage as nouns, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָ֫וֶל n.m. injustice, unrighteousness

base

עַוְלָה n.f. injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5766a עָ֫וֶל injustice, unrighteousness H5766b עַוְלָה injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5766 `evel eh'-vel

or lavel {aw'-vel}; and (feminine) lavlah {av-law'}; or owlah

{o-law'}; or .olah {o-law'}; from 5765; (moral)

evil:--iniquity, perverseness, unjust(-ly),

unrighteousness(-ly); wicked(-ness).

see HEBREW for 05765

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָ֫וֶל (e.vel) — injustice.

injustice, unrighteousness

Another spelling of av.lah (עַוְלָה "injustice" H5766B)

עַוְלָה (av.lah) — injustice.

1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

1a) violent deeds of injustice

1b) injustice (of speech)

1c) injustice (generally)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cs — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
פָּ֝עַ֗לְתִּיpa.'Al.ti I have done H6466 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
57× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To work or do something is the meaning of this Hebrew verb, often used to describe habitual or systematic actions. It can also mean to make or practise something.
Amplified meaning
committed, worked
Tyndale gloss
to work
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּעַל (pa'al) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, often used in a systematic or habitual sense. It encompasses actions like committing, ordaining, and working, with a poetic nuance compared to the more common verb for 'to do' (עָשָׂה). The entries consistently highlight its usage in the Qal stem, emphasizing its foundational role in expressing action.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּעַל 67 vb. do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה)

Qal

do

make

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6466 פָּעַל do, make (poet. for עָשָׂה)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6466 pa`al paw-al'

a primitive root; to do or make (systematically and

habitually), especially to practise:--commit, (evil-)

do(-er), make(-r), ordain, work(-er).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּעַל (pa.al) — to work.

1) to do, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do

1a2) to make

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
לֹ֣אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
no longer, never again
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
apart from [that which] I see O you instruct me if unrighteousness I have done not I will repeat
אֹסִֽיף׃'o.Sif I will repeat H3254 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
212× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To add means to increase or do something again, like adding more of something or continuing an action. This word is used in the Bible to describe growth or repetition.
Amplified meaning
continue, add to my wrongdoing
Tyndale gloss
to add
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָסַף (yacaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to add or increase. It can denote actions like joining oneself to something or continuing to do a task. The entries indicate its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, with nuances of doing something again or augmenting an amount.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָסַף 214 vb. add

Qal add

Niph.

join (intr.), join oneself to

be joined, added to

Hiph.

add

sq. inf. add to do = do again or more

sq. Impf.

sq. Impf. asynd.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3254 יָסַף add . add

. . join (intr.), join oneself to

. be joined, added to

. . add

. . sq. inf. add to do = do again or more

. sq. Impf.

. sq. Impf. asynd.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3254 yacaph yaw-saf'

a primitive root; to add or augment (often adverbial, to

continue to do a thing):--add, X again, X any more, X cease, X

come more, + conceive again, continue, exceed, X further, X

gather together, get more, give more-over, X henceforth,

increase (more and more), join, X longer (bring, do, make,

much, put), X (the, much, yet) more (and more), proceed

(further), prolong, put, be (strong-) er, X yet, yield.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָסַף (ya.saph) — to add: again.

: again/continue/more[instances]

1) to add, increase, do again

1a) (Qal) to add, increase, do again

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to join, join oneself to

1b2) to be joined, be added to

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to add, increase

1c2) to do more, do again

יָסַף (ya.saph) — to add.

: add/more[amount]

1) to add, increase, do again

1a) (Qal) to add, increase, do again

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to join, join oneself to

1b2) to be joined, be added to

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to add, increase

1c2) to do more, do again

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
HVhi1cs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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