Job 22:15 — Word Study
WLCהַאֹ֣רַח עוֹלָ֣ם תִּשְׁמֹ֑ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר דָּרְכ֣וּ מְתֵי־ אָֽוֶן׃
BSAWill you stayshâmar▸ on the ancientʻôwlâm [old, traditional] pathʼôrach [way, journey] thatʼăsher wickedʼâven [evil, troublesome] menmath [grown men, a few individuals] have troddârak■ [walked, stepped on, followed]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הַאֹ֣רַח | ¿ a path of | Particle, noun common masculine singular construct |
| עוֹלָ֣ם | antiquity | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| תִּשְׁמֹ֑ר | will you keep | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine singular |
| אֲשֶׁ֖ר | which | Particle |
| דָּרְכ֣וּ | they have trodden | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
| מְתֵי־ | men of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| אָֽוֶן׃ | wickedness | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Will you stay on the ancient path that wicked men have trod? |
| KJV | Hast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden? |
| ASV | Wilt thou keep the old way Which wicked men have trodden? |
| YLT | The path of the age dost thou observe, That men of iniquity have trodden? |
| WEB | Will you keep the old way, which wicked men have trodden, |
| BBE | Will you keep the old way by which evil men went? |
The translations agree on the essential meaning of the verse, maintaining the focus on the ancient path and the wicked men who have walked it.
The sentence has a main clause followed by a relative clause that describes the path, emphasizing the action of staying on it.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעוֹלָם
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 22:15
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on the Wickedgenerated
Job 22:15 presents Job questioning whether one will adhere to the ancient path that has been followed by wicked individuals. This verse is part of a larger dialogue where Job reflects on the consequences of wickedness and the paths chosen by men throughout history. The surrounding verses highlight the fate of the wicked and their disregard for God, emphasizing the importance of moral choices.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 6:5–11 | Then the LORD saw that the wickedness of man was great upon the earth, and that every inclination of the thoughts of his heart was altogether evil all the time. |
| 2 | Luke 17:26–27 | Just as it was in the days of Noah, so also will it be in the days of the Son of Man: |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הַאֹ֣רַח, ha.'O.rachgenerated
The word הַאֹ֣רַח (ha.'O.rach) translates as 'the path' and refers to a way or journey, both physical and metaphorical. It is derived from a root meaning a well-trodden road, indicating a familiar or traditional route. In this context, it suggests a moral or ethical path that one might choose to follow.
The noun is in the construct state, which implies a relationship to another noun, indicating that this path is defined by its antiquity and the actions of those who have walked it. The use of this term in wisdom literature often reflects on the choices made in life and their consequences.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses path for הַאֹ֣רַח and wicked for אָֽוֶן.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb תִּשְׁמֹ֑ר (tish.Mor), meaning 'will you keep,' governs the main clause, while the phrase אֲשֶׁ֖ר דָּרְכ֣וּ ('asher darakhu) describes the path that wicked men have trodden. The structure emphasizes the action of keeping the path in contrast to the actions of the wicked.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by a relative clause, creating a relationship between the act of keeping the path and the historical actions of wicked men.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הַאֹ֣רַח as τρίβον (tribon), meaning 'way' or 'path.' This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the concept of a journey or moral direction.
The Greek term φυλάχεις (phylacheis) used in this context suggests a sense of guarding or keeping the path, which adds a layer of responsibility to the act of following the ancient way.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 22:15 asks if a person will stay on the ancient path that wicked men have walked. This verse reflects on the choices we make in life and the consequences of following the ways of the wicked.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Staying on the ancient path refers to adhering to traditional values and moral choices that have been established over time, contrasting with the ways of the wicked.
The wicked men are those who have lived before, whose actions serve as a warning against following their destructive paths.
The ancient path signifies wisdom and the importance of historical moral choices, suggesting that the paths taken by previous generations have lasting implications.
This verse is part of a larger dialogue where Job reflects on the fate of the wicked and the consequences of their actions, emphasizing the importance of moral integrity.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What ancient paths have I chosen to follow in my life, and how do they align with wisdom?
- In what ways can I guard against the influences of wickedness in my choices?
- How can the examples of those who have walked the path before me inform my decisions today?
- What does it mean for me to stay on the path of righteousness in a world that often strays from it?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators reference this verse to discuss moral paths and the consequences of choices, highlighting the contrast between the ways of the wicked and the righteous.
Wouldest thou mark the old way, which wicked men have trodden? LITERAL INTERPRETATION As the 'way' of our Redeemer is humility, so the way of the world is pride.Early Church Fathers on Job 22 →
These words mean, “You imitate the actions of the ancestors.” [The author] is alluding to the Cainites, those who lived at the time of the deluge, to the Sodomites, etc.; these are those whom he calls “the way of the world.”Early Church Fathers on Job 22 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 22:15 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden?] The evil way that wicked men have walked in ever since man apostatized from God, the way of Cain and his descendants, who were of the
Read John Gill on Job 22 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden? Marked - rather, Dost thou keep to? i:e., wish to follow (so Hebrew, 2 Samuel 22:22). If so, beware of sharing their end.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 22 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHeb. the way of antiquity, i.e. of men living in ancient times, or former ages. By this way is here meant, either, 1. Their course or common practice; or, 2. Their end or success; as the way is taken, ,8; and as death, which is, and is called, the end of all men, , is also called the way of all the earth, .
Read Matthew Poole on Job 22 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 22:15 Hast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden?Ver. 15. Hast thou, marked the old way] Heb. The way of old. Broughton rendereth it, the way of the old world; of those ungodly ones before the flood. Hereby it appeareth, say our learned annotators, that Job lived before the deliverance out of Egypt, because he mentioneth the creation and the flood, but not the deliverance; which, had he known, it would have afforded him an excellent argument to prove that godly men might be in great affliction, as the Israelites were in Egypt; and his friends a plausible argument that God useth to destroy wicked men for their sin, as he did the Egyptians in the Red Sea. Which wicked men…
Read John Trapp on Job 22 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(15) Hast thou marked the old way . . .?—Rather, Dost thou keep the old way which the wicked men trod? Dost thou hold their tenets?
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 22 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 15. Hast thou marked the old way] This is supposed to be another accusation; as i! he had said, "Thou hollowest the same way that the wicked of old have walked in." Here is an evident allusion to the FLOOD, as is particularly noted in the next verse.
Read AdamClarke on Job 22 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges15. It was under a similar feeling in regard to God that the great sinners before the Flood filled the earth with violence, and Eliphaz asks Job whether he will go the length of accepting the principles and following the conduct of such men? Compare the words of Elihu, ch. Job 34:8. Hast thou marked the old way] Rather, wilt thou keep …? i. e. follow the path they walked in.
Read Cambridge on Job 22 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden? - Hast thou seen what has happened in former times to wicked people? Job had maintained that God did not deal with people in this world according to their character.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 22 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Will you stay on the ancient path that wicked men have trod?
Will you keep the old way, which wicked men have trodden,
Will you stay on the ancient path that wicked men have trod?
Will you keep to the old path that evil men have walked –
Tyndale line
Hast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden?
Wilt thou keep the old way Which wicked men have trodden?
Wilt thou keep the old way which wicked men have trodden?
Hast thou marked the old way which wicked men have trodden?
Hast thou marked the way of the worlde, wherein wicked men haue walked?
Strictly literal
Dost thou mark the ancient path which wicked men have trodden?
The path of the age dost thou observe, That men of iniquity have trodden?
Do you observe the path of the age, || That men of iniquity have trodden,
Wilt thou [thus] observe the path of ancient times which the men of injustice have trodden?
Will you keep the old way that wicked men have walked—
From the Latin
Dost thou desire to keep the path of ages, which wicked men have trodden?
Simplified
Why do you insist on following the traditional thinking of the wicked?
Will you keep the old way by which evil men went?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of Job 22:15, with all seven words matched in the translation. This consistency indicates a shared understanding of the verse across these textual traditions.
הַאֹ֣רַח עוֹלָ֣ם תִּשְׁמֹ֑ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר דָּרְכ֣וּ מְתֵי־ אָֽוֶן׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 22:15
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֹ֫רַח (orach) means 'way' or 'path,' and can refer to both literal and figurative routes in life, including one's manner of living or character. It also denotes a traveler or wayfarer. The word is derived from a root meaning a well-trodden road, and it encompasses various aspects of life’s journey.
אֹ֫רַח n.m. way, path
lit.
fig. path, way, of course & fortunes of life
fig. way, of mode of living, or character
by meton. traveller, wayfarer
base
H734 אֹ֫רַח way, path . lit.
. fig. path, way, of course & fortunes of life
. fig. way, of mode of living, or character
. by meton. traveller, wayfarer
734 'orach o'-rakh
from 732; a well-trodden road (literally or figuratively);
also a caravan:--manner, path, race, rank, traveller, troop,
(by-, high-)way.
see HEBREW for 0732
אֹ֫רַח (o.rach) — way.
1) way, path
1a) path, road
1b) the path, way, passing of life (fig.)
1c) way of living (fig.)
1d) traveller, wayfarer (meton)
Aramaic equivalent: o.rach (אֹ֫רַח "way" H0735)
Part | N-cs — Particle · noun common masculine singular constructHTi/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עוֹלָם (owlam) refers to concepts of long duration, antiquity, and futurity, encompassing meanings like eternity and perpetual existence. It is derived from a root meaning 'concealed' or 'the vanishing point.' The term is used to describe both ancient times and an indefinite future, indicating continuity and everlastingness.
עוֹלָם 439 n.m. long duration, antiquity, futurity
base
H5769 עוֹלָם long duration, antiquity, futurity
5769 `owlam o-lawm'
or lolam {o-lawm'}; from 5956; properly, concealed, i.e. the
vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future),
i.e. (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
(especially with prepositional prefix) always:--alway(-s),
ancient (time), any more, continuance, eternal, (for,
(n-))ever(-lasting, -more, of old), lasting, long (time), (of)
old (time), perpetual, at any time, (beginning of the) world
(+ without end). Compare 5331, 5703.
see HEBREW for 05956
see HEBREW for 05331
see HEBREW for 05703
עוֹלָם (o.lam) — forever: enduring.
: enduring/eternal
1) long duration, antiquity, futurity, for ever, ever, everlasting, evermore, perpetual, old, ancient, world
1a) ancient time, long time (of past)
1b) (of future)
1b1) for ever, always
1b2) continuous existence, perpetual
1b3) everlasting, indefinite or unending future, eternity
עוֹלָם (o.lam) — Everlasting.
This name means long duration, everlasting, perpetual
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
עוֹלָם (o.lam) — forever: any time.
: any_time
1) long duration, antiquity, futurity, for ever, ever, everlasting, evermore, perpetual, old, ancient, world
1a) ancient time, long time (of past)
1b) (of future)
1b1) for ever, always
1b2) continuous existence, perpetual
1b3) everlasting, indefinite or unending future, eternity
עוֹלָם (o.lam) — forever: antiquity.
: old/ancient
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
The Hebrew word שָׁמַר (*shamar*) is a primitive root meaning to keep, guard, or observe. It encompasses a wide range of actions including protecting, waiting for, and celebrating obligations like the Sabbath. The verb appears in various forms, indicating nuances such as being on guard or refraining from certain actions. It is used extensively in the Old Testament, reflecting both physical and moral vigilance.
שָׁמַר 465 vb. keep, watch, preserve
Qal 425
keep, have charge of
keep, guard, captives
hence, watch for, wait for
watch, observe
keep, retain, of storing up (food)
keep within bounds, restrain
observe, celebrate
keep sabbath
of other obligations
observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom)
sts. י׳ subj.
keep, reserve, weeks of harvest
Niph.
36be on one's guard
keep oneself, refrain, abstain
be kept, guarded
Pi. those paying regard to false vanities
Hithp. I kept myself from
base
H8104 שָׁמַר keep, watch, preserve .. . keep, have charge of
. keep, guard, captives
. hence, watch for, wait for
. watch, observe
. . keep, retain, of storing up (food)
. keep within bounds, restrain
. . observe, celebrate
. keep sabbath
. of other obligations
. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom)
. sts. י׳ subj.
. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest
. . be on one's guard
. keep oneself, refrain, abstain
. be kept, guarded
. those paying regard to false vanities
. I kept myself from
8104 shamar shaw-mar'
a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns),
i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:--beward,
be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark,
look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save
(self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
שָׁמַר (sha.mar) — to keep: obey.
: obey/observe
1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to keep, have charge of
1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
1a3) to watch for, wait for
1a4) to watch, observe
1a5) to keep, retain, treasure up (in memory)
1a6) to keep (within bounds), restrain
1a7) to observe, celebrate, keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), perform (vow)
1a8) to keep, preserve, protect
1a9) to keep, reserve
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be on one's guard, take heed, take care, beware
1b2) to keep oneself, refrain, abstain
1b3) to be kept, be guarded
1c) (Piel) to keep, pay heed
1d) (Hithpael) to keep oneself from
שָׁמַר (sha.mar) — to keep: guard.
: guard
1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to keep, have charge of
1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singularHVqi2ms
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
Rel — ParticleHTr
דָּרַךְ (darakh) is a Hebrew verb meaning to tread or march. It encompasses a range of actions including walking, leading, and bending a bow. The word appears in various forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, indicating both simple and causative actions. Notably, it can refer to treading down or guiding others.
דָּרַךְ vb. tread, march
Qal
tread, march, march forth
tread upon
tread wine- (or oil-) press
tread (i.e. bend) the bow
Hiph.
tread, tread down
tread (bend) the bow
causat. cause to tread or march, lead
base
H1869 דָּרַךְ tread, march
1869 darak daw-rak'
a primitive root; to tread; by implication, to walk; also to
string a bow (by treading on it in bending):--archer, bend,
come, draw, go (over), guide, lead (forth), thresh, tread
(down), walk.
דָּרַךְ (da.rakh) — to tread.
1) to tread, bend, lead, march
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tread, march, march forth
1a2) to tread on, tread upon
1a3) to tread (a press)
1a4) to tread (bend) a bow
1a5) archer, bow-benders (participle)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to tread, tread down
1b2) to tread (bend with the foot) a bow
1b3) to cause to go, lead, march, tread
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
מַת (mat) refers to a male or man, often used in both prose and poetry. The term emphasizes adult males and can imply a group of men, sometimes with less focus on gender. It is derived from a related word, but its usage is primarily in the plural form.
[מַת] n.m. male, man
males, men
usu. less emphasis on sex
elsewhere only poet.
base
H4962 [מַת] male, man
4962 math math
from the same as 4970; properly, an adult (as of full
length); by implication, a man (only in the plural):--+ few,
X friends, men, persons, X small.
see HEBREW for 04970
מַת (mat) — man.
1) male, man
1a) males, men
1b) few men (in prose)
1b1) less emphasis on sex
1c) men (poetic)
1c1) less emphasis on sex
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אָ֫וֶן (aven) encompasses meanings related to trouble, sorrow, and wickedness. It may also refer to idolatry and the concept of vanity or nothingness. The entries suggest a range of negative connotations, including affliction and iniquity, indicating a strong moral or ethical dimension. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
אָ֫וֶן 85 n.m. trouble, sorrow, wickedness
trouble, sorrow
idolatry
trouble of iniquity, wickedness
base
H205 אָ֫וֶן trouble, sorrow, wickedness
205 'aven aw-ven'
from an unused root perhaps meaning properly, to pant (hence,
to exert oneself, usually in vain; to come to naught);
strictly nothingness; also trouble. vanity, wickedness;
specifically an idol:--affliction, evil, false, idol,
iniquity, mischief, mourners(-ing), naught, sorrow, unjust,
unrighteous, vain ,vanity, wicked(-ness). Compare 369.
see HEBREW for 0369
אָ֫וֶן (a.ven) — evil: wickedness.
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow
1a) trouble, sorrow
1b) idolatry
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness
Also means: a.ven (אָ֫וֶן ": trouble" H0205H)
אָ֫וֶן (a.ven) — evil: trouble.
1) trouble, wickedness, sorrow
1a) trouble, sorrow
1b) idolatry
1c) trouble of iniquity, wickedness
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
wik'-ed-nes:
1. In the Old Testament:
The state of being wicked; a mental disregard for justice, righteousness, truth, honor, virtue; evil in thought and life; depravity; sinfulness; criminality. See SIN. Many words are rendered "wickedness." There are many synonyms for wickedness in English and also in the Hebrew. Pride and vanity lead to it: "All the proud, and all that work wickedness (rish`ah) shall be stubble" (Mal 4:1). Akin to this is the word `awen, "iniquity," "vanity": "She eateth, and wipeth her mouth, and saith, I have done no wickedness" (Pr 30:20). Then we have the word hawwah, meaning "mischief," "calamity," coming from inward intent upon evil: "Lo, this is the man that made not God his strength, but trusted in the abundance of his riches, and strengthened himself in…