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Jeremiah 25:35 — Word Study

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WLCוְאָבַ֥ד מָנ֖וֹס מִן־ הָֽרֹעִ֑ים וּפְלֵיטָ֖ה מֵאַדִּירֵ֥י הַצֹּֽאן׃

BSAFlightmânôwç [to escape, flee away] will evadeʼâbad [perish, be lost from] the shepherdsrâʻâh [House of Shepherds, rulers] and escape [will elude]pᵉlêyṭâh [survivor, deliverance, have no way to flee] the leadersʼaddîyr [great, powerful ones] of the flocktsôʼn [sheep, people under care]

Word
Listen & take awayJeremiah 25
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 35 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.Tzon) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Jeremiah 25:35quick helps
In a sentenceThe verse describes how both flight and escape will be unattainable for the shepherds and leaders.
Who is speakingThe prophet Jeremiah, addressing the shepherds and leaders of the people.
Where we areA warning to the shepherds and leaders, part of a larger judgment context.
The hard wordאָבַד
Take awayThere will be no escape for those who are supposed to lead and protect.
5 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectמָנוֹס verbאָבַד The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Jeremiah 25:35

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Judgment Against the Shepherdsgenerated

34Wail, you shepherds, and cry out; roll in the dust, you leaders of the flock. For the days of your slaughter have come; you will fall and be shattered like fine pottery.
35Flight will evade the shepherds, and escape will elude the leaders of the flock.
36Hear the cry of the shepherds, the wailing of the leaders of the flock, for the LORD is destroying their pasture.
37The peaceful meadows have been silenced because of the LORD’s burning anger.

Jeremiah 25:35 is part of a prophetic warning where God speaks against the leaders of His people, indicating that they will not find safety or escape in the coming judgment. This follows a call for the shepherds to lament their fate, as seen in the surrounding verses. The passage emphasizes the consequences of their failure to guide and protect the flock entrusted to them.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Jeremiah 32:4Zedekiah king of Judah will not escape from the hands of the Chaldeans, but he will surely be delivered into the hand of the king of Babylon, and will speak with him face to face and see him eye to eye.
2Jeremiah 34:3And you yourself will not escape his grasp, but will surely be captured and delivered into his hand. You will see the king of Babylon eye to eye and speak with him face to face; and you will go to Babylon.
3Jeremiah 38:18–23But if you do not surrender to the officers of the king of Babylon, then this city will be delivered into the hands of the Chaldeans. They will burn it down, and you yourself will not escape their grasp.’”
4Job 11:20But the eyes of the wicked will fail, and escape will elude them; they will hope for their last breath.”
5Isaiah 2:12–22For the Day of the LORD of Hosts will come against all the proud and lofty, against all that is exalted— it will be humbled—

The Key Word אָבַד, ve.'a.Vadgenerated

The verb אָבַד (abad) means to perish or be lost. It encompasses a range of meanings, including dying, vanishing, and destruction, often in a moral or judgment context. The parsing indicates this is a sequential perfect form, showing that the loss is a completed action — it will happen.

The passive nature of the verb suggests that the shepherds are not the agents of their own loss; rather, it is a consequence of their failure to fulfill their roles. This word is often used in contexts of divine judgment, highlighting the seriousness of their situation.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse contains two main clauses, each with a verb indicating the actions of evading and eluding. The structure emphasizes the futility of escape for both the shepherds and the leaders, with the prepositional phrases clarifying the subjects involved.

The finite verbs אָבַד and וּפְלֵיטָ֖ה govern the subjects, showing that both the shepherds and leaders are equally without recourse. The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the shepherds first, indicating their primary role in the context of judgment.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates אָבַד as ἀπολεῖταιit will be lost — which carries a similar meaning, emphasizing the loss as a consequence of divine judgment.

The choice of φυγὴ for מָנ֖וֹס reflects a focus on escape, aligning with the overall theme of the verse where both flight and refuge are denied to the leaders.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Jeremiah 25:35 warns that the leaders of the people will not find escape from the coming judgment. The shepherds and leaders are called out for their failure to protect and guide the flock, and they will face the consequences of their actions.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that flight will evade the shepherds?

It means that the leaders will not be able to escape the judgment that is coming upon them for their failures.

Why is the term 'shepherds' used here?

The term 'shepherds' refers to the leaders and rulers who are responsible for caring for the people, likening their role to that of a shepherd tending to a flock.

What is the significance of 'escape' in this verse?

The word 'escape' highlights the idea that those who should be leading and protecting will find themselves without a refuge or means of deliverance.

How does this verse relate to the surrounding context?

This verse is part of a larger message of judgment against the leaders, emphasizing their failures and the consequences they will face.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I see leaders failing to protect those they are responsible for in today's world?
  2. How can I ensure that I am fulfilling my responsibilities to those I lead or care for?
  3. What does it mean for me to find refuge in God during times of trouble?
  4. How can I support those in leadership roles to be more effective in their duties?

Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Jeremiah 25:35 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee,.... Or, "and flight shall perish from the shepherds" (u); though they may attempt it, they shall not be able to accomplish it; neither the dignity of

Read John Gill on Jeremiah 25 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape. The shepherds shall have no way to flee - literally, 'flight shall fail shepherds, etc., escaping (shall fail) the principal,' etc.

Read Robert Jamieson on Jeremiah 25 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

In ordinary dispensations of judgment, there is some way left to escape, and if there be any way of escape, great men are likeliest to find it; but he telleth them that the greatest men should find no way to flee from or escape this terrible dispensation of God.

Read Matthew Poole on Jeremiah 25 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Jeremiah 25:35 And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.Ver. 35. And the shepherds shall have no way to flee.] Who had formerly divers strongholds. See Amos 2:14.

Read John Trapp on Jeremiah 25 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

35. And the shepherds, etc.] For the idiom in mg. flight shall perish from the shepherds, and escape from, etc., cp. Job 11:20 mg.; Psalms 142:4 (Hebrews 5); Amos 2:14.

Read Cambridge on Jeremiah 25 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Flight will evade the shepherds, and escape will elude the leaders of the flock.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The shepherds will have no way to flee. The leader of the flock will have no escape.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Flight will evade the shepherds, and escape will elude the leaders of the flock.

NETBNew English Translation2006

The leaders will not be able to run away and hide. The shepherds of the flocks will not be able to escape.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And the flight shall faile from the shepherdes, and the escaping from the principall of the flocke.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And refuge shall perish from the shepherds, and escape from the noble ones of the flock.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And perished hath refuge from the shepherds, And escape from the honourable of the flock.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And refuge has perished from the shepherds, || And escape from the majestic of the flock.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And lost shall be the place of refuge for the shepherds, and the escape for the leaders of the flocks to escape.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

There is no refuge for the shepherds, there will be no escape for the leaders of the flock.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the leaders of the flock to save themselves.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The shepherds won't be able to run away; the leaders of the flock won't escape.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

There will be no way of flight for the keepers of sheep, no road for the chiefs of the flock to get away safely.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclauseclauseverbאָבַ֥דit.will.be.lostsubjectמָנ֖וֹסa.place.of.escapeprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִןfromnoun phraseהָֽtheרֹעִ֑יםshepherdsוּandclausesubjectפְלֵיטָ֖הescapeprepositional phrase · prepositionalמֵfromnoun phraseאַדִּירֵ֥יthe.noble.[ones]noun phraseהַofצֹּֽאןthe.flock

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in their wording, with all seven words matched. This indicates a strong consistency in how this verse has been transmitted through different traditions.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְאָבַ֥ד מָנ֖וֹס מִן־ הָֽרֹעִ֑ים וּפְלֵיטָ֖ה מֵאַדִּירֵ֥י הַצֹּֽאן׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְאָבַ֥דἀπολεῖταιמָנ֖וֹסφυγὴמִן־ἀπὸהָֽרֹעִ֑יםποιμένωνוּפְלֵיטָ֖הσωτηρίαמֵאַדִּירֵ֥יκριῶνהַצֹּֽאן׃προβάτων

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Jeremiah 25:35אָבַדand it willand it will be אָבַדמָנוֹסa place of a place of escaמָנוֹסמִן־fromfromמִן־בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדthe shepherthe shepherdsבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדפְּלֵיטָהand escapeand escapeפְּלֵיטָהאַדִּירfrom [the] from [the] noblאַדִּירצֹאןthe flockthe flockצֹאןנוּסto fleeto fleeנוּסאָדַרbe glorioube gloriousאָדַרמֵןstringstringמֵןפָּלִיטsurvivorsurvivorפָּלִיטתִּקְוָהcordcordתִּקְוָהשָׁמַדto destroyto destroyשָׁמַדמִשְׂגָּבhigh refughigh refugeמִשְׂגָּבאָבַדto perishto perishאָבַדרָחַקto removeto removeרָחַקיָתַרto remainto remainיָתַררָבַץto stretchto stretchרָבַץעֵ֫דֶרflockflockעֵ֫דֶרשְׁאֵרִיתremnantremnantשְׁאֵרִיתשָׁאַרto remainto remainשָׁאַרשָׁדַדto ruinto ruinשָׁדַדאֶ֫רֶזcedarcedarאֶ֫רֶזבָּקַרcattlecattleבָּקַרבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדHouse of SHouse of Shepheבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Jeremiah 25:35

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
וְאָבַ֥דve.'a.Vad and it will be lost H6 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singular
184× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To perish means to be destroyed or lost, whether it's a person, animal, or thing, like the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah in Genesis 19.
Amplified meaning
perish, be lost from
Tyndale gloss
to perish
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָבַד (abad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to perish or be lost. It encompasses a range of meanings, including dying, vanishing, and destruction, often in a moral or judgment context. The word appears in various forms in the Old Testament, with uses related to individuals, nations, and inanimate objects. The lexicons indicate that it can also imply causing something to perish or stray.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָבַד vb. perish (M I אבד, As. abâtu Dl W 184 Aram אֲבַד, Syriac).—

Qal Pf. א׳ Nu 21:30 +; אָבְדוּ ψ 10:16 + (+ Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co) etc.; Impf. יֹאבַד Jb 3:3 Je 4:9; יֹאבֵ֑ד Jb 20:7 + 2t.; 3fs. תֹּאבַד Dt 22:3 + 4t.; תֹּאבֵ֑ד Jb 8:13 + 3t.; יֹאבְדוּ Ju 5:31 + 3t.; יֹאבֵ֑דוּ Jb 4:9 +; 3fpl. וַתֹּאבַדְנָה֙ I S 9:3; תֹּאבֵדוּן Dt 4:26 +; נֹאבֵ֑ד Jon 1:6

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6 אָבַד perish .. perish, die, of individuals

. fig. perish, vanish, subj. memory

. be lost, strayed

. . cause to perish, destroy, kill

. fig. cause to vanish, blot out, do away with

. cause to stray, lose

. . destroy, put to death, in judgment

. fig. obj. name of kings; hope; voice of mirth etc.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6 'abad aw-bad'

a primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. lose

oneself; by implication to perish (causative,

destroy):--break, destroy(- uction), + not escape, fail,

lose, (cause to, make) perish, spend, X and surely, take, be

undone, X utterly, be void of, have no way to flee.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָבַד (a.vad) — to perish.

1) perish, vanish, go astray, be destroyed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) perish, die, be exterminated

1a2) perish, vanish (fig.)

1a3) be lost, strayed

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to destroy, kill, cause to perish, to give up (as lost), exterminate

1b2) to blot out, do away with, cause to vanish, (fig.)

1b3) cause to stray, lose

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to destroy, put to death

1c1a) of divine judgment

1c2) object name of kings (fig.)

Aramaic equivalent: a.vad (אֲבַד "to destroy" H0007)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singular
Hc/Vqq3ms
and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
מָנ֖וֹסma.Nos a place of escape H4498 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a place to escape or flee to, like a refuge. It appears in the Bible as a way to describe a safe haven. In the KJV, it is translated as refuge or flight.
Amplified meaning
to escape, flee away
Tyndale gloss
refuge
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָנוֹס (manowc) refers to a retreat or a place of escape, emphasizing concepts of flight and refuge. It is built from the root meaning to flee, covering both literal and figurative senses. The entries consistently highlight its use in contexts relating to safety and escape.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָנוֹס n.m. 1. flight. 2. place of escape, refuge

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4498 מָנוֹס

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4498 manowc maw-noce'

from 5127; a retreat (literally or figuratively); abstractly,

a fleeing:--X apace, escape, way to flee, flight, refuge.

see HEBREW for 05127

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָנוֹס (ma.nos) — refuge.

1) flight, refuge, place of escape

1a) flight

1b) refuge, place of escape

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ NONE, FROM THE JUDGMENTS OF GOD Ge 3:7-11; 4:9-11; Job 34:21,22; Isa 10:3; Mt 23:33; Ro 2:3; 1Th 5:2,3; Heb 2:2,3; 12:25,26; Re 6:15-17

See SIN, FRUITS OF

See SIN, PUNISHMENT OF

See JUDGMENTS, NO ESCAPE FROM

and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
מִן־min- from H4480 Preposition
1,189× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.
Tyndale gloss
from
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word מִן־ (*min*) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' indicating separation or origin. It covers various uses, including temporal references, comparisons, and causal relationships. Additionally, it can denote a portion when used as a noun מֵן (*men*). The entries highlight its versatility in expressing different nuances of separation and position.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִן־, and מִ, before יְ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not

with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal

from, against

מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from

of position, off, on the side of, on

Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex

Partitively

Of time—

as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since

as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after

towards, to

(וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to

In comparisons, beyond, above

מן is prefixed to an infin.:

with causal force, from, on account of, through

after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.

with a temporal force, since, after

Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that

In compounds:

base

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4480a מִן־, מִ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not . with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal . from, against

. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from

. of position, off, on the side of, on

. Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex

. Partitively

. Of time— . as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since

. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after

. towards, to

. (וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to

. In comparisons, beyond, above

. מן is prefixed to an infin.: . with causal force, from, on account of, through

. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.

. with a temporal force, since, after

. Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4480 min min

or minniy {min-nee'}; or minney (constructive plural)

{min-nay'}; (Isaiah 30:11); for 4482; properly, a part of;

hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses (as

follows):--above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason

of), from (among), in, X neither, X nor, (out) of, over,

since, X then, through, X whether, with.

see HEBREW for 04482

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִן־ (min) — from.

prep

1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than

1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of

1b) out of

1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)

1b2) (of material from which something is made)

1b3) (of source or origin)

1c) out of, some of, from (partitively)

1d) from, since, after (of time)

1e) than, more than (in comparison)

1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or

1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)

1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)

conj

2) that

Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)

מֵן (men) — portion.

n.m.

portion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR — Preposition
HR
and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
הָֽרֹעִ֑יםha.ro.'Im the shepherds H7462 Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine plural
177× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to care for or tend to someone or something, like a shepherd with his flock. It can also mean to rule over or associate with someone as a friend, and is sometimes used to describe a close relationship.
Amplified meaning
House of Shepherds, rulers
Tyndale gloss
House of Shepherds
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word רָעָה (*ra'ah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to tend or pasture a flock. It covers a range of meanings including to graze, rule, associate with, and befriend. The term appears in contexts related to shepherding and companionship, with a specific mention of the 'binding-house of shepherds' in 2 Kings 10:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים perh. n.pr.loc. (binding-house of the shepherds) 2 K 10:12

base

רָעָה 167 vb. pasture, tend, graze

Qal

trans.

intrans.

Niph. poss.

Hiph. v.

base

[רָעָה] vb. prob. associate with

Qal cherish faithfulness

Hithp. do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man

base

[רָעָה] vb. denom. Pi. be a special friend;—Ju 14:20

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7462a בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים binding-house of shepherds H7462b רָעָה pasture, tend, graze H7462c רָעָה prob. associate with H7462d רָעָה vb. denom. Pi. be a special friend

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7462 ra`ah raw-aw'

a primitive root; to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it;

intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively);

generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a

friend):--X break, companion, keep company with, devour, eat

up, evil entreat, feed, use as a friend, make friendship with,

herdman, keep (sheep)(-er), pastor, + shearing house,

shepherd, wander, waste.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים (bet-e.qed ha.ro.im) — House of Shepherds.

Ra'ah = "pasturing"

perh. "binding-house of the shepherds"

רָעָה (ra.ah) — to pasture.

1) to pasture, tend, graze, feed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to tend, pasture

1a1a) to shepherd

1a1b) of ruler, teacher (fig)

1a1c) of people as flock (fig)

1a1d) shepherd, herdsman (subst)

1a2) to feed, graze

1a2a) of cows, sheep etc (literal)

1a2b) of idolater, Israel as flock (fig)

1b) (Hiphil) shepherd, shepherdess

Also means: ro.i (רֹעִי "to shepherd" H7473)

רָעָה (ra.ah) — to accompany.

1) to associate with, be a friend of (meaning probable)

1a) (Qal) to associate with

1b) (Hithpael) to be companions

רָעָה (ra.ah) — to befriend.

(Piel) to be a special friend

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | V-Qal — Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine plural
HTd/Vqrmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- Early mention of

Ge 4:2

- Usually carried a scrip or bag

1Sa 17:40

- Carried a staff or rod

Le 27:32; Ps 23:4

- Dwelt in tents while tending their flocks

So 1:8; Isa 38:12

- Members of the family both male and female acted as

Ge 29:6; 1Sa 16:11; 17:15

- Had hired keepers under them

1Sa 17:20

- The unfaithfulness of hireling, alluded to

Joh 10:12

Thompson Chain Reference topics

general references to

Ge 4:2; 13:5; 29:9; 37:2; 46:32; Ex 2:17; 3:1; 1Sa 16:11; 17:20

1Ch 4:39; Am 3:12; Mt 25:32; Lu 2:8

and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
וּפְלֵיטָ֖הu.fe.lei.Tah and escape H6413 Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absolute
28× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A survivor refers to deliverance or an escaped portion, describing those who remain after a disaster or judgment, like the remnant that escaped in biblical times.
Amplified meaning
survivor, deliverance, have no way to flee
Tyndale gloss
survivor
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פְּלֵיטָה (pleytah) refers to concepts of escape and deliverance, often indicating a remnant that has survived. It is derived from the related word for escape, פָּלָט (palat). The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to survival and remnants.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פְּלֵיטָה n.f. escape

escape, deliverance

elsewh. prob. alw. escaped remnant

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6413 פְּלֵיטָה escape . escape, deliverance

. elsewh. prob. alw. escaped remnant

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6413 pleytah pel-ay-taw'

or pletah {pel-ay-taw'}; feminine of 6412; deliverance;

concretely, an escaped portion:--deliverance, (that is)

escape(-d), remnant.

see HEBREW for 06412

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פְּלֵיטָה (pe.le.tah) — survivor.

1) escape, deliverance

1a) escape, deliverance

1b) escaped remnant

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absolute
HC/Ncfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ NONE, FROM THE JUDGMENTS OF GOD Ge 3:7-11; 4:9-11; Job 34:21,22; Isa 10:3; Mt 23:33; Ro 2:3; 1Th 5:2,3; Heb 2:2,3; 12:25,26; Re 6:15-17

See SIN, FRUITS OF

See SIN, PUNISHMENT OF

See JUDGMENTS, NO ESCAPE FROM

and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
מֵאַדִּירֵ֥יme.'a.di.Rei from [the] noble [ones] of H117 Preposition
27× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Describes something or someone as great or powerful, such as the mighty waters of the sea in Psalm 107.
Amplified meaning
great, powerful ones
Tyndale gloss
great
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַדִּיר (addiyr) means majestic and conveys a sense of greatness or power. It can describe large entities like the sea or trees, as well as kings, nations, and noble figures. The word is built from a root meaning wide or large, with a range that includes excellent, glorious, and noble.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַדִּיר adj. majestic

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H117 אַדִּיר majestic

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

117 'addiyr ad-deer'

from 142; wide or (generally) large; figuratively,

powerful:--excellent, famous, gallant, glorious, goodly,

lordly, mighty(- ier one), noble, principal, worthy.

see HEBREW for 0142

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַדִּיר (ad.dir) — great.

1) great, majestic

1a) of waters of sea

1b) of a tree

1c) of kings, nations, gods

2) great one, majestic one

2a) of nobles, chieftains, servants

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Adj — Preposition
HR/Aampc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and it will be lost a place of escape from the shepherds and escape from [the] noble [ones] of the flock
הַצֹּֽאן׃ha.Tzon the flock H6629 Particle · noun common both singular absolute
274× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a flock of sheep or goats, and is sometimes used to describe people in a figurative sense. It is also associated with the Sheep Gate in Jerusalem, a significant location in biblical times.
Amplified meaning
sheep, people under care
Tyndale gloss
Sheep (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צֹאן (tso'n) refers to small cattle, specifically sheep and goats, and is used to denote a flock or flocks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a multitude. The term appears in contexts such as Psalm 144:13, where it emphasizes the collective nature of these animals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צֹאן 273 n.coll.f. small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6629 צֹאן small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6629 tso'n tsone

or tsaown (Psalm 144:13) {tseh-one'}; from an unused root

meaning to migrate; a collective name for a flock (of sheep or

goats); also figuratively (of men):--(small) cattle, flock

(+ -s), lamb (+ -s), sheep((-cote, -fold, -shearer, -herds)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צֹאן (tson) — flock.

1) small cattle, sheep, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

1a) small cattle (usually of sheep and goats)

1b) of multitude (simile)

1c) of multitude (metaphor)

צֹאן (tson) — Sheep (Gate).

This name means sheep and goats

Also named: probatikos (προβατικός "Sheep Gate" G4262)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common both singular absolute
HTd/Ncbsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See CATTLE.

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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