Isaiah 9:14 — Word Study
WLCוַיַּכְרֵ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל רֹ֧אשׁ וְזָנָ֛ב כִּפָּ֥ה וְאַגְמ֖וֹן י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃
BSAheadrôʼsh [the chief, prince, or ruler] and tailzânâb [the end, stump, or remnant]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת | and he cut off | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| יְהוָ֜ה | Yahweh | Noun proper |
| מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל | from Israel | Preposition, noun proper |
| רֹ֧אשׁ | head | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְזָנָ֛ב | and tail | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| כִּפָּ֥ה | palm branch | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְאַגְמ֖וֹן | and bulrush | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| י֥וֹם | day | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| אֶחָֽד׃ | one |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | So the LORD will cut off Israel’s head and tail, both palm branch and reed in a single day. |
| KJV | Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day. |
| ASV | Therefore Jehovah will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm-branch and rush, in one day. |
| YLT | And Jehovah cutteth off from Israel head and tail, Branch and reed — the same day, |
| WEB | Therefore Yahweh will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm branch and reed, in one day. |
| BBE | For this cause the Lord took away from Israel head and tail, high and low, in one day. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of the LORD — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause conveys the primary action, with additional phrases providing context about what is affected and the timing of the judgment.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectנָשָׂא
verbוְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 9:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Judgment on Israelgenerated
Isaiah 9:14 proclaims the LORD's judgment on Israel, indicating a decisive action against both its leaders and the common people. This verse is part of a larger context where the people have turned away from God, leading to severe consequences as outlined in the surrounding verses, including Isaiah 9:13 and Isaiah 9:15.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 3:2–3 | the mighty man and the warrior, the judge and the prophet, the soothsayer and the elder, |
| 2 | Isaiah 19:15 | There is nothing Egypt can do— head or tail, palm or reed. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 17:6–20 | In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried away the Israelites to Assyria, where he settled them in Halah, in Gozan by the Habor River, and in the cities of the Medes. |
| 4 | Hosea 1:4–6 | Then the LORD said to Hosea, “Name him Jezreel, for soon I will bring the bloodshed of Jezreel upon the house of Jehu, and I will put an end to the kingdom of Israel. |
| 5 | Hosea 4:5 | You will stumble by day, and the prophet will stumble with you by night; so I will destroy your mother— |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 20 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת, vai.yakh.Retgenerated
The verb כָּרַת (karath) means to cut off or eliminate, and it carries a weight of finality in this context. It is used in various forms to indicate destruction or the making of a covenant, suggesting a serious and irrevocable action.
In this verse, the LORD is the subject performing the action, indicating divine authority over the judgment. The use of the Hiphil form emphasizes that this act of cutting off is intentional and purposeful, marking a significant moment in Israel's history.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת governs the entire verse, indicating the action taken by the subject, יְהוָ֜ה. The structure shows a clear hierarchy: the head and tail are both identified, emphasizing the comprehensive nature of the judgment.
The sentence is straightforward in its construction, with the subject followed by the action and the objects being the leaders and the common people, illustrating the totality of the LORD's judgment.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת with καὶ (kai), which means 'and'. This indicates a direct continuation of thought, but does not capture the full weight of the Hebrew verb's meaning of cutting off or eliminating.
This choice reflects a more narrative style rather than the definitive action implied in the Hebrew text, showing a potential softening of the judgment's severity.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 9:14 states that the LORD will decisively remove both the leaders and the common people of Israel in one day. This reflects a complete judgment on the nation, indicating that no one will be spared from the consequences of their actions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a total judgment where both the leaders (head) and the common people (tail) will face consequences for their actions.
This imagery illustrates the complete removal of authority and the people, emphasizing that the judgment affects all levels of society.
It suggests that the judgment will be swift and decisive, leaving no room for escape or delay.
This verse reflects the ongoing theme of judgment against Israel for turning away from God, which is a central message throughout the book of Isaiah.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this judgment reveal about the consequences of turning away from God?
- How can I apply the lessons from this verse to my own life and leadership?
- In what ways can I seek to understand and follow God's guidance in my life?
- How does this verse challenge my view of authority and responsibility in my community?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers have commented on Isaiah 9:14, interpreting the judgment on Israel's leaders and people as a warning against falsehood and corruption.
And the Lord will scatter from Israel the head and the tail, the bend and the corrupt in one day. The venerable and honorable, he is the head; and the Prophet teaching falsehood, he is the tail.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 9 →
He who may have been at the head of the flock of Christ is now made the tail of another flock, as God declared through Isaiah: “The prophet who teaches lies is the tail.” Everyone among the people who is of right faith,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 9 →
Where the head and the tail are said through the prophet to be destroyed, it is clear that priests are designated by the head and prophets by the tail.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 9 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 9:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleTherefore the Lord will cut off from Israel head and tail,.... The former of these is afterwards interpreted of "the ancient and honourable", men in high places, civil magistrates, judges, governors,
Read John Gill on Isaiah 9 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryTherefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day. Head and tail - proverbial for the highest and lowest (Deuteronomy 28:13; Deuteronomy 28:44).
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 9 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHead and tail; high and low, honourable and contemptible, as the next verse explains it. Branch; the goodly branches of tall and strong trees, the mighty and noble. Rush; the bulrush, the weakest and meanest persons. In one day; all together, one as well as another, without any distinction.
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 9 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 9:14 Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day.Ver. 14. Head and tail,] i.e., High and low Here he compareth Israel, non sine morsu, to a beast with a long tail, for the perverseness of their practices. Or else to the serpent amphisbaena, which stingeth both with head and tail. Branch and rush.] Strong and feeble. A "branch," or bough, hath some tack in it; a "rush" is a spongy, unsubstantial substance. Mεγανκαιμικρον. - Sept. Parvi properemus et ampli.
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 9 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) Head and tail, branch and rush . . .—The “branch” is strictly that of the palm-tree, which in its stately height answered to the nobles of the land, while the “rush,” the emblem of a real or affected lowliness (Isaiah 58:5) represented the “mean man” of Isaiah 2:9. The same proverbial formula meets us in Isaiah 19:15.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 9 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. In one day.] Thirteen MSS. of Kennicott and De Rossi read ביום beyom, in a day; and another has a rasure in the place of the letter ב beth.
Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 9 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14. Render: And (so) Jehovah cut off from Israel head and tail, palm-branch and rush, in one day. head and tail] i.e. leader and follower, a proverbial expression, like the next phrase. 15 is almost universally regarded as an erroneous explanation of Isa 9:14 and therefore a gloss; but this is not quite certain. False prophets were frequently guilty of following where they pretended to lead (1 Kings 22:6; Ezekiel 13:10) and might be very appropriately described as the “tail.” The verse may be objected to on account of its somewhat prosaic character, but the strophe is not complete without it. The ancient and honourable] see on Isaiah 3:2-3.
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 9 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleWill cut off head and tail - This is a proverbial expression, which is explained in the following verse; see also Deuteronomy 28:13-14. The head is often used to denote those in honor and authority.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 9 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
So the LORD will cut off Israel’s head and tail, both palm branch and reed in a single day.
Therefore Yahweh will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm branch and reed, in one day.
So the LORD will cut off Israel’s head and tail, both palm branch and reed in a single day.
So the Lord cut off Israel’s head and tail, both the shoots and stalk in one day.
Tyndale line
Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day.
Therefore Jehovah will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm-branch and rush, in one day.
Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm-branch and rush, in one day.
Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day.
Therefore will the Lord cut off from Israel head and taile, branche and rush in one day.
Strictly literal
And Jehovah will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm-branch and rush, in one day:
And Jehovah cutteth off from Israel head and tail, Branch and reed — the same day,
And YHWH cuts off head and tail from Israel, || Branch and reed—the same day.
(9:13) And the Lord cutteth off from Israel head and tail, palm-branch and rush, on one day.
Therefore Yahweh will cut off from Israel head and tail, palm branch and reed, in one day.
From the Latin
And the Lord shall destroy out of Israel the head and the tail, him that bendeth down, and him that holdeth back, in one day.
Simplified
So in just a single day the Lord will chop off Israel's head and tail, palm branch and reed.
For this cause the Lord took away from Israel head and tail, high and low, in one day.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text reads: וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל רֹ֧אשׁ וְזָנָ֛ב כִּפָּ֥ה וְאַגְמ֖וֹן י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃. The Septuagint matches 9 of the 9 words in translation, maintaining the core elements of the Hebrew text. The Dead Sea Scrolls also align closely with the Masoretic Text, confirming the integrity of the verse.
וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל רֹ֧אשׁ וְזָנָ֛ב כִּפָּ֥ה וְאַגְמ֖וֹן י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
זקן ונשא פנים הוא הרואש ונביא מורה שקר הוא הזנב
10 words on the leather.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 9:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
כָּרַת (karath) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cut off, cut down, or make a covenant. It encompasses a range of actions from physically cutting to forming alliances, often implying destruction or elimination. The verb appears in various forms, indicating different nuances such as being cut off or destroyed. Notably, it can also refer to the act of making a covenant, which traditionally involved cutting flesh.
כָּרַת 291 vb. cut off, cut down
Qal
cut off
cut down
hew, timber
cut, or make a covenant
Niph.
be cut off
be cut down
be chewed between the teeth
be cut off, in a more general sense fail
Pual
be cut off
be cut down
Hiph.
cut off, flattering lips
cut off, destroy the life of
cut down, destroy, cities
take away
permit to perish
base
H3772 כָּרַת cut off, cut down .. cut off
. cut down
. hew, timber
. cut, or make a covenant
. . be cut off
. be cut down
. be chewed between the teeth
. be cut off, in a more general sense fail
.. be cut off
. be cut down
. . cut off, flattering lips
. cut off, destroy the life of
. cut down, destroy, cities
. take away
. permit to perish
3772 karath kaw-rath'
a primitive root; to cut (off, down or asunder); by
implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant
(i.e. make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh
and passing between the pieces):--be chewed, be
con-(feder-)ate, covenant, cut (down, off), destroy, fail,
feller, be freed, hew (down), make a league ((covenant)), X
lose, perish, X utterly, X want.
כָּרַת (ka.rat) — to cut: cut.
: cut/fell
1) to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cut off
1a1a) to cut off a body part, behead
1a2) to cut down
1a3) to hew
1a4) to cut or make a covenant
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cut off
1b2) to be cut down
1b3) to be chewed
1b4) to be cut off, fail
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be cut off
1c2) to be cut down
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cut off
1d2) to cut off, destroy
1d3) to cut down, destroy
1d4) to take away
1d5) to permit to perish
1e) (Hophal) cut off
כָּרַת (ka.rat) — to cut: make(covenant).
: make(covenant)
1) to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cut off
1a1a) to cut off a body part, behead
1a2) to cut down
1a3) to hew
1a4) to cut or make a covenant
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cut off
1b2) to be cut down
1b3) to be chewed
1b4) to be cut off, fail
Hc/Vhw3ms — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vhw3ms
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
HNpt — Noun properHNpt
יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra'el) refers to both the second name of Jacob, meaning 'God prevails,' and the name of the Hebrew nation descended from him. It is derived from roots meaning 'to rule' and 'God.' The term encompasses Jacob's descendants and is used historically for the northern kingdom of Israel and the nation as a whole after the Babylonian exile.
יִשְׂרָאֵל 2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth)
n.pr.m. second name of Jacob
n.pr.gent. name of Hebrew nation
base
H3478 יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth) . n. pr. m. second name of Jacob
. n. pr. gent. name of Hebrew nation
3478 Yisra'el yis-raw-ale'
from 8280 and 410; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical
name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:
--Israel.
see HEBREW for 08280
see HEBREW for 0410
יִשְׂרָאֵל (yis.ra.el) — Israel.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26;
son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);
brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A);
father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently
§ Israel = "God prevails"
1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel
2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob
2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split
HR/Npl — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
iz'-ra-el.
See JACOB.
Israel
The name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because “as a prince he had power with God and prevailed.” (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob’s descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called “Israelites,” the “children of Israel” (Josh. 3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the “house of Israel” (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).
This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3;
(the prince that prevails with God). The name given, (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel, (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God." It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in (Exodus 3:16) and afterward. It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in (1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16) Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom. After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of…
Who prevails with God, a name given to Jacob, after having wrestled with the Angel-Jehovah at Penuel. Ge 32:1,2,28,30 Ho 12:3. See JACOB. By the name Israel is sometimes understood all the posterity of Israel, the seed of Jacob, 1Co 10:18; sometimes all true believers, his spiritual seed, Ro 9:6; and sometimes the kingdom of Israel, or the ten tribes, as distinct from the kingdom of Judah.
רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and encompasses various meanings related to position and rank. It can refer to the head of a person or animal, the top of a mountain, or a chief in various contexts, such as a city or nation. The word also signifies beginnings and sums, appearing in phrases related to enumeration. Additionally, it serves as a proper noun for 'Rosh,' a title for a chief or prince.
רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.
(c. 230 t.) head, of human being
head, of animals
top (88 t.)
height, of stars
head = chief (man)
= chief (city)
chief nation
= chief (place, position)
= chief priest
= head of a family
head = front, leader's place
of time, beginning, of night watch
of things, river-heads
chief, choicest, best, of spices
head = division of army, company, band
= sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
other phr.
base
רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh
base
H7218a רֹאשׁ . . (c. 230 t.) head, of human being
. head, of animals
. . top (88 t.)
. height, of stars
. . head = chief (man)
. = chief (city)
. chief nation
. = chief (place, position)
. = chief priest
. = head of a family
. . head = front, leader's place
. of time, beginning, of night watch
. of things, river-heads
. chief, choicest, best, of spices
. head = division of army, company, band
. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
. other phr.
H7218b רֹאשׁ n. pr. gent. Rôsh
7218 ro'sh roshe
from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as
most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many
applications, of place, time, rank, itc.):--band, beginning,
captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company,
end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head,
height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor,
principal, ruler, sum, top.
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head.
: head
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — prince.
Rosh, a tite for a chief or prince
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: leader.
: leader
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: top.
: top/best
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
Art | N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
hed (ro'-sh, Aramaic re'sh, and in special sense gulgoleth, literally, "skull," "cut-off head" (1Ch 10:10), whence Golgotha (Mt 27:33; Mr 15:22; Joh 19:17); mera'ashah, literally, "head-rest," "pillow," "bolster" (1Ki 19:6); qodhqodh, literally, crown of the head (De 28:35; 33:16,20; 2Sa 14:25; Isa 3:17; Jer 48:45); barzel, "the head of an axe" (De…
זָנָב (zanab) means 'tail' in Hebrew, and can also refer figuratively to an 'end' or 'stump.' It is derived from a root meaning to flap, indicating a literal or figurative tail. The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to physical and metaphorical endings.
זָנָב n.m. tail, also (fig.), end, stump
base
H2180 זָנָב tail, also (fig.), end, stump
2180 zanab zaw-nawb'
from 2179 (in the original sense of flapping); the tail
(literally or figuratively):--tail.
see HEBREW for 02179
זָנָב (za.nav) — tail.
tail, end, stump
Art | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
tal ('alyah; zanabh; oura): The broad tail of the Syrian sheep, wrongly rendered "rump" (which see) in the King James Version, is mentioned as one of the portions of sacrifice which was burned on the altar as a sweet savor to God (Ex 29:22). The 2nd Hebrew word is used of the tails of serpents (Ex 4:4), of foxes, which Samson tied together in his cruel sport, in order to destroy the grainfields of the Philistines by means of attached firebrands (Jud 15:4, etc.). The following seems to be an allusion to this incident: "Fear not, neither let thy heart be faint, because of these two tails of smoking firebrands, for the fierce anger of Rezin and Syria, and of the son of Remaliah" (
כִּפָּה (kippah) refers to a branch or frond, likely from a palm tree. The entries consistently describe it as a feminine noun related to the leaf of a palm tree, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
כִּפָּה n.f. branch, frond (prob. of palm-tree)
base
H3712 כִּפָּה branch, frond (prob. of palm-tree)
3712 kippah kip-paw'
feminine of 3709; a leaf of a palm-tree:--branch.
see HEBREW for 03709
כִּפָּה (kip.pah) — branch.
branch, leaf, frond, palm frond, palm branch
HNcfsa — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
Branch
A symbol of kings descended from royal ancestors (Ezek. 17:3, 10; Dan. 11:7); of prosperity (Job 8:16); of the Messiah, a branch out of the root of the stem of Jesse (Isa. 11:1), the “beautiful branch” (4:2), a “righteous branch” (Jer. 23:5), “the Branch” (Zech. 3:8; 6:12).
Disciples are branches of the true vine (John 15:5, 6). “The branch of the terrible ones” (Isa. 25:5) is rightly translated in the Revised Version “the song of the terrible…
As trees denote, in figurative language, great men and princes, so branches, boughs, and plants denote their offspring. Christ is called "the Branch," the "rod out of the stem of Jesse," and "branch out of his roots," Isa 11:1; 53:2; Zec 3:8; 6:12; being a royal descendant of the princely house of David, Jer 23:5; 33:15. The word branch also illustrates the union of believers with Christ, Joh 15:5,6. It is used in Eze 8:17 as a symbol of idolatrous worship, probably in allusion to the carrying of fragrant boughs in honor of idols.
אַגְמֹן (agmown) refers to a type of rush or bulrush, often associated with marshy areas. It can also denote a cord made from these plants. Metaphorically, it describes something lowly or insignificant, as well as drooping or bowing, reflecting humility. The word is linked to the concept of insignificance in various contexts.
אַגְמֹן, אַגְמוֹן n.[m.] rush, bulrush
used as cord or line
metaph. of the lowly, insignif.
base
H100 אַגְמֹן, אַגְמוֹן rush, bulrush
100 'agmown ag-mone'
from the same as 98; a marshy pool (others from a different
root, a kettle); by implication a rush (as growing there);
collectively a rope of rushes:--bulrush, caldron, hook, rush.
see HEBREW for 098
אַגְמֹן (ag.mon) — bulrush.
1) rush, bulrush
1a) used as cord or line (of twisted rushes or spun of rush fibre)
1b) of the lowly, insignificant (metaph)
2) sad, drooping
1a) of line of bulrushes
1b) bowing of the head (fig.)
1c) of the lowly (metaph)
HC/Ncmsa — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
bool'-rush.
See REED.
Bulrush
(1.) In Isa. 58:5 the rendering of a word which denotes “belonging to a marsh,” from the nature of the soil in which it grows (Isa. 18:2). It was sometimes platted into ropes (Job. 41:2; A.V., “hook,” R.V., “rope,” lit. “cord of rushes”).
(2.) In Ex. 2:3, Isa. 18:2 (R.V., “papyrus”) this word is the translation of the Hebrew gome, which designates the plant as absorbing moisture. In Isa. 35:7 and Job 8:11 it is rendered “rush.” This was the Egyptian papyrus (papyrus Nilotica). It was anciently…
(or papyrus), a red growing in the shallow water on the banks of the Nile. It grows to the height of 12 or 15 feet, with a stalk two or three inches in diameter. The stalks are very pliable and can be very closely interwoven, as is evident from their having been used in the construction of arks. (Exodus 2:3,5) Paper was made from this plant, from which it derives its name.
Or papyrus, a reed growing on the banks of the Nile, in marshy ground, Job 8:11, to the height of twelve or fifteen feet, Isa 35:7. The stalks are pliable, and capable of being interwoven very closely, as is evident from their being used in the construction of arks, Ex 2:3,5; and also vessels of larger dimensions, Isa 18:2. Boats of this material were very common in Egypt. Being exceedingly light and small, they sailed with great velocity, and might easily be borne on the shoulders around rapids and falls. The inner bark of this plant, platted and cemented together, furnished a writing material; and the pith was sometimes used for food. See BOOK.
יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.
יוֹם 2285 n.m. day
day, opp. night
Day as division of time
יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
Pl. days of anyone
Days
יוֹם = time
Phrases
base
H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night
. Day as division of time
. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
. Pl. days of anyone
. Days
. יוֹם = time
. Phrases
3117 yowm yome
from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm
hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one
sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by
an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +
chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)
day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +
(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as
(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,
presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,
then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,
weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole
(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.
יוֹם (yom) — day.
: day/when/time/period
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: old.
: old/(full/many)[days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: year.
: year[of_days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
da (yom; hemera): This common word has caused some trouble to plain readers, because they have not noticed that the word is used in several different senses in the English Bible. When the different uses of the word are understood the difficulty of interpretation vanishes. We note several different uses of the word:
(1) It sometimes means the time from daylight till dark. This popular meaning is easily discovered by the context, e. g. Ge 1:5; 8:22, etc. The marked periods of this daytime were morning, noon and night, as with us. See Ps 55:17. The early hours were sometimes called "the cool of the day" (Ge 3:8). After the exile the day. or daytime was divided into twelve hours and the night into twelve (see
Day
The Jews reckoned the day from sunset to sunset (Lev. 23:32). It was originally divided into three parts (Ps. 55:17). “The heat of the day” (1 Sam. 11:11; Neh. 7:3) was at our nine o’clock, and “the cool of the day” just before sunset (Gen. 3:8). Before the Captivity the Jews divided the night into three watches, (1) from sunset to midnight (Lam. 2:19); (2) from midnight till the cock-crowing (Judg. 7:19); and (3) from the cock-crowing till sunrise (Ex.…
The variable length of the natural day at different seasons led in the very earliest times to the adoption of the civil day (or one revolution of the sun) as a standard of time. The Hebrews reckoned the day from evening to evening, (Leviticus 23:32) deriving it from (Genesis 1:5) "the evening and the morning were the first day." The Jews are supposed, like the modern Arabs, to have adopted from an early period minute specifications of the parts of the natural day. Roughly, indeed, they were content to divide it into "morning, evening and noonday," (Psalms 55:17) but when they wished for greater accuracy they pointed to six unequal parts, each of which was again subdivided. These are held to have been -- "the dawn." "Sunrise."…
The day is distinguished into natural, civil, and artificial. The natural day is one revolution of the earth on its axis. The civil day is that, the beginning and the end of which are determined by the custom of any nation. The Hebrews began their day in the evening, Le 23:32; the Babylonians at sunrise; and we begin at midnight. The artificial day is the time of the sun’s continuance above the horizon, which is unequal according to different seasons, on account of the obliquity of the equator. The sacred writers generally divide the day into twelve hours. The sixth hour always ends at noon throughout the year; and the twelfth hour is the last hour before sunset. But in summer, all the hours of the day were longer than in winter, while those of night were shorter. See HOURS, and THREE.
אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.
אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one
one
= each, every
= a certain
= indef. art.
only, & (fem.) once
one … another, one … the other
as ordinal first
in combin.
base
H259 אֶחָד one . one
. = each, every
. = a certain
. = indef. art.
. only, & (fem.) once
. one … another, one … the other
. as ordinal first
. in combin.
259 'echad ekh-awd'
a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an
ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,
any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +
eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,
other, some, together,
see HEBREW for 0258
אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one (number)
1b) each, every
1c) a certain
1d) an (indefinite article)
1e) only, once, once for all
1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one
1g) first
1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
HAcfsa — HAcfsa
wun.
See NUMBER.