Isaiah 59:5 — Word Study
WLCבֵּיצֵ֤י צִפְעוֹנִי֙ בִּקֵּ֔עוּ וְקוּרֵ֥י עַכָּבִ֖ישׁ יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ הָאֹכֵ֤ל מִבֵּֽיצֵיהֶם֙ יָמ֔וּת וְהַזּוּרֶ֖ה תִּבָּקַ֥ע אֶפְעֶֽה׃
BSAThey hatchbâqaʻ■ the eggsbêytsâh of viperstsephaʻ [poisonous serpents] and weaveʼârag▸ [to plait or intertwine] a spider’sʻakkâbîysh [insect that weaves a network] webqûwr Whoever eatsʼâkal [to devour or consume] their eggsbêytsâh will diemûwth▸ [to perish or come to an end] crack one openzûwreh△ [to break or shatter] and a viperʼephʻeh [asp or venomous snake] is hatchedbâqaʻ▸ [brought forth or born]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| בֵּיצֵ֤י | eggs of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| צִפְעוֹנִי֙ | a viper | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| בִּקֵּ֔עוּ | they have hatched | Verb, Piel, perfect third person common plural |
| וְקוּרֵ֥י | and webs of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| עַכָּבִ֖ישׁ | a spider | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ | they weave | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| הָאֹכֵ֤ל | the [one who] eats | Particle, verb qal participle (active) masculine singular |
| מִבֵּֽיצֵיהֶם֙ | any of eggs their | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| יָמ֔וּת | he will die | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| וְהַזּוּרֶ֖ה | and the pressed [egg] | Conjunction, particle, verb qal participle (passive) feminine singular |
| תִּבָּקַ֥ע | it is hatched | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| אֶפְעֶֽה׃ | a snake | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | They hatch the eggs of vipers and weave a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die; crack one open, and a viper is hatched. |
| KJV | They hatch cockatrice’ eggs, and weave the spider’s web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper. |
| ASV | They hatch adders’ eggs, and weave the spider’s web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth; and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper. |
| YLT | Eggs of a viper they have hatched, And webs of a spider they weave, Whoso is eating their eggs doth die, And the crushed hatcheth a viper. |
| WEB | They hatch adders’ eggs and weave the spider’s web. He who eats of their eggs dies; and that which is crushed breaks out into a viper. |
| BBE | They give birth to snake's eggs, and make spider's threads: whoever takes their eggs for food comes to his death, and the egg which is crushed becomes a poison-snake. |
The translations agree on the key terms in this verse.
The structure reveals a main action followed by consequences, emphasizing the relationship between the wicked actions and their outcomes.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאֶפְעֶה
verbבָּקַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 12 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 59:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Consequences of Wickednessgenerated
Isaiah 59:5 describes the actions of the wicked, likening them to the hatching of viper eggs and the weaving of spider webs. This imagery emphasizes the danger and deceitfulness of their ways. The surrounding verses further elaborate on the moral decay present in society, highlighting the absence of justice and the prevalence of iniquity, as seen in Isaiah 59:4 and Isaiah 59:6.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 14:29 | Do not rejoice, all you Philistines, that the rod that struck you is broken. For a viper will spring from the root of the snake, and a flying serpent from its egg. |
| 2 | Proverbs 23:32 | In the end it bites like a snake and stings like a viper. |
| 3 | Matthew 3:7 | But when John saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his place of baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? |
| 4 | Matthew 12:34 | You brood of vipers, how can you who are evil say anything good? For out of the overflow of the heart, the mouth speaks. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — בֵּיצֵ֤י, bei.Tzeigenerated
The word בֵּיצָה (beytsah) means 'egg' in Hebrew and is derived from a root related to 'whiteness.' It is used in this verse to refer to the eggs of vipers, emphasizing the danger of what is produced from them.
In this context, the eggs symbolize the evil actions and consequences that arise from wickedness. The use of the plural form indicates a multitude of such actions, further underscoring the pervasive nature of the wickedness being described.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the rendering of בֵּיצֵי as eggs across versions like the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb בִּקֵּ֔עוּ (they have hatched) governs the entire verse, with multiple phrases describing the actions and consequences associated with the eggs of vipers and spider webs.
The sentence structure emphasizes the actions of the wicked, with the verbs יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ (they weave) and יָמ֔וּת (he will die) linking the actions to their outcomes.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates בֵּיצֵי as ᾠὰ, which also means 'eggs,' preserving the original imagery of danger.
For צִפְעוֹנִי, the translation is ἀσπίδων, indicating a focus on the venomous nature of the creatures involved.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 59:5 uses the imagery of hatching viper eggs and weaving spider webs to illustrate the destructive nature of wicked actions. It warns that those who consume these eggs will face dire consequences, as what hatches is a dangerous viper.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
This phrase symbolizes the act of producing or engaging in wicked deeds that lead to harmful consequences.
The spider's web represents deceit and fragility, highlighting the futility of the wicked's actions.
The verse warns that consuming the eggs leads to death, symbolizing the destructive nature of engaging in wickedness.
This verse is part of a larger critique of societal injustices, emphasizing the absence of righteousness and the prevalence of evil.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some examples of actions that might be considered 'hatching viper eggs' in today's society?
- How can we protect ourselves from the dangers represented by the viper and spider imagery?
- In what ways can we promote justice in our communities to counteract the wickedness described in this passage?
- How does understanding the consequences of evil actions shape our choices and behaviors?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers referenced this verse to discuss the nature of evil and its consequences, providing insights into its moral implications.
For in the cobweb there is the appearance of something woven but no substantiality in the appearance, for he who touches it touches nothing substantial.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 59 →
They conceived labor and gave birth to iniquity: they broke the eggs of vipers and wove spider webs. Whoever eats their eggs will die, and what is hatched will break out into a viper.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 59 →
Because Isaiah said that “they weave a spider’s web,” he now explains why the weaving of this web profits nothing. All of their work and teaching, he says,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 59 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 59:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThey hatch cockatrice eggs, and weave the spider's web,.... Invent false doctrines according to their own fancies, which may seem fair and plausible, but are poisonous and pernicious; as the "eggs
Read John Gill on Isaiah 59 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey hatch cockatrice' eggs, and weave the spider's web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper. Cockatrice. Probably the basilisk serpent cerastes (cf. note, Isaiah 11:8).
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 59 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThey hatch cockatrice eggs; or adder, or basilisk; one kind put for any venomous creature; a proverbial speech, signifying by these eggs mischievous designs, and by hatching them their putting them in practice: this is to show that mischief is natural to them, and they can do no otherwise, poison is natural to these eggs. Weave the spider’ s web; another proverbial speech, whereby is taught, both how by their plots they weave nets, lay snares industriously, with great pains and artifice, whereby they may entangle and involve their poor neighbours in intricacies and perplexities, and so devour them, as the spider weaves her web to catch flies, and then to feed on them; and also how that they…
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 59 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 59:5 They hatch cockatrice’ eggs, and weave the spider’ s web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper. Ver. 5. They hatch cockatrice’ eggs,] i.e., Poisonous and pernicious designs; there are that interpret it of false doctrines, as destruetive to men’ s souls, as cockatrice’ eggs eaten, or but broken, would be to their bodies. As the bird that sitteth on the serpent’ s eggs, by breaking and hatching them, bringeth forth a perilous brood to her own destruction, so here. And weave the spider’ s web.] Good for nothing but to catch flies. The natural man is ever either weaving spider’ s webs, which are futiles and fragiles, or hatching…
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 59 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) They hatch cockatrice’ eggs.—Better, basilisk’s, as in Isaiah 14:29. The schemes of the evil-doers are displayed in their power for evil and their impotence for good. To “eat of the eggs,” which are assumed to be poisonous, is to fall in with their schemes, and so be ruined: to “crush” them is to oppose and so to rouse a more venomous opposition. Men break the egg, and the living viper darts forth to attack them.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 59 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5–8. These verses differ somewhat in character from Isaiah 59:3 f., and are regarded by Duhm and Cheyne as a quotation from some Psalm or collection of proverbs. In point of fact the first part of Isa 59:7 appears in Proverbs 1:16, but probably as an interpolation, since the verse is wanting in the LXX. On the other hand, Isaiah 59:7-8 are partly reproduced in the LXX. recension of Psa 14:3, as in Romans 3:10 ff. These facts do not by themselves raise any presumption against the genuineness of the passage in this discourse; and the first image of Isa 59:5 connects itself naturally enough with the conclusion of Isa 59:4. It must be admitted, however, that the description can only apply to a…
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 59 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThey hatch cockatrice’ eggs - Margin, ‘Adders’.’ On the meaning of the word rendered here ‘cockatrice,’ see the notes at Isaiah 11:8.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 59 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible5, 6. Cockatrice’s eggs — Hatched into basilisks, (see Isaiah 11:8;) a fabulous reptile — its gaze supposed to be fatal, its eggs, as food, certainly poisonous.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 59 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
They hatch the eggs of vipers and weave a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die; crack one open, and a viper is hatched.
They hatch adders’ eggs and weave the spider’s web. He who eats of their eggs dies; and that which is crushed breaks out into a viper.
They hatch the eggs of vipers and weave a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die; crack one open, and a viper is hatched.
They hatch the eggs of a poisonous snake and spin a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die, a poisonous snake is hatched.
Tyndale line
They hatch cockatrice’ eggs, and weave the spider’s web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper.
They hatch adders’ eggs, and weave the spider’s web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth; and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper.
They hatch basilisks’ eggs, and weave the spider’s web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper.
They hatch cockatrice eggs, and weave the spider's web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper.
They hatch cockatrice egges, and weaue the spiders webbe: he that eateth of their egges, dieth, and that which is trode vpon, breaketh out into a serpent.
Strictly literal
They hatch serpents' eggs, and weave the spider's web: he that eateth of their eggs dieth, and that which is crushed breaketh out into a viper.
Eggs of a viper they have hatched, And webs of a spider they weave, Whoso is eating their eggs doth die, And the crushed hatcheth a viper.
They have hatched eggs of a viper, || And weave webs of a spider, || Whoever is eating their eggs dies, and the crushed hatches a viper.
Basilisk's eggs do they hatch, and spider's webs do they weave: he that eateth of their eggs must die, and if one be crushed, a viper will break forth.
They hatch eggs of a poisonous snake and weave a spider's web. Whoever eats of their eggs dies, and if an egg is crushed, it hatches into a poisonous snake.
From the Latin
They have broken the eggs of asps, and have woven the webs of spiders: he that shall eat of their eggs, shall die: and that which is brought out, shall be hatched into a basilisk.
Simplified
They hatch viper's eggs, and weave a spider's web. If you eat their eggs you'll die; if you crush their eggs you'll only hatch snakes.
They give birth to snake's eggs, and make spider's threads: whoever takes their eggs for food comes to his death, and the egg which is crushed becomes a poison-snake.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls show agreement in the wording of this verse, with minor variations in the scrolls that do not alter the overall meaning.
בֵּיצֵ֤י צִפְעוֹנִי֙ בִּקֵּ֔עוּ וְקוּרֵ֥י עַכָּבִ֖ישׁ יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ הָאֹכֵ֤ל מִבֵּֽיצֵיהֶם֙ יָמ֔וּת וְהַזּוּרֶ֖ה תִּבָּקַ֥ע אֶפְעֶֽה׃
10 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
בצי צפעונים יבקעו וקורי עכביש יירגו האוכל מבצי׳המה ימות והא זורה תבקע אפע
13 words on the leather.
בצי צפעוני בקעו וקורי עכביש יארגו האוכל מבצי׳הם ימות [והזורה] תבקע אפעה
10 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 1 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 59:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בֵּיצָה (beytsah) means 'egg' in Hebrew. It is derived from a root related to the word for 'whiteness.' The entries consistently define it simply as 'egg,' with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[בֵּיצָה] n.f. egg
base
H1000 [בֵּיצָה] egg
1000 beytsah bay-tsaw'
from the same as 948; an egg (from its whiteness):--egg.
see HEBREW for 0948
בֵּיצָה (be.tsah) — egg.
egg
N-fp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word צֶ֫פַע (*tsepha'*) refers to a poisonous serpent, specifically a viper or adder. It is derived from an unused root meaning to extrude, suggesting a connection to the hissing sound of such snakes. The related term צִפְעוֹנִי (*tsiph'oni*) also denotes a poisonous serpent. Both terms appear in contexts that emphasize their venomous nature.
צֶ֫פַע n.m. a (poisonous) serpent (from hissing ?);—Is 14:29; usu. taken as = following [r.dj.ac].
done
צִפְעוֹנִי n.m. id. [r.dj.ab]; a venomous viper, but vipers do not lay eggs
base
H6848a צֶ֫פַע a (poisonous) serpent H6848b צִפְעוֹנִי id. [6848a]
6848 tsepha` tseh'-fah; or tsiph from an unused root meaning to extrude; a viper (as thrusting out the tongue, i.e. hissing):--adder, cockatrice.
צֶ֫פַע (tse.pah) — serpent.
1) poisonous serpent
1a) a viper snake or adder
צִפְעוֹנִי (tsiph.o.ni) — serpent.
1) poisonous serpent
1a) a viper
Also means: tse.pah (צֶ֫פַע "serpent" H6848A)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
Viper
In Job 20:16, Isa. 30:6; 59:5, the Heb. word eph’eh is thus rendered. The Hebrew word, however, probably denotes a species of poisonous serpents known by the Arabic name of ‘el ephah. Tristram has identified it with the sand viper, a species of small size common in sandy regions, and frequently found under stones by the shores of the Dead Sea. It is rapid in its movements, and highly poisonous. In the New Testament echidne is used (Matt. 3:7; 12:34; 23:33) for any poisonous snake. The viper mentioned in Acts 28:3 was probably the vipera aspis, or the Mediterranean viper. (See ADDER.)
[SERPENT]
A genus of serpents noted for the virulence of their poison, which is said to be one of the most dangerous in the animal kingdom. Hence the viper is a symbol of whatever is most evil and destructive, Job 20:16 Isa 30:6. As such the term was applied by Christ and by John to certain classes of the Jews, Mt 3:7 12:34 23:33 Lu 3:7. Paul’s escape from the bite of a viper in Malta led the people to believe that he was a god in human form, Ac 28:3. A species of viper in Northern Africa, though little more than a foot long is called the most formidable serpent there; and Hasselquist speaks of a viper in Cyprus, whose bits produces…
בָּקַע (baqa`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cleave or break open. It encompasses a range of actions, including splitting, tearing, and breaking through, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as being cleft or bursting open. The entries highlight its use in contexts like breaking into or through something, but do not provide specific verse references.
בָּקַע vb. cleave, break open or through
Qal
cleave, cleave open
break through or into
Niph.
be cleft, rent open
be broken into
Pi. cleave, cut to pieces, or rend open
Pu. be ripped open
Hiph. break into
Hoph. the city was broken into
Hithp. burst (themselves) open, of wine-skins; cleave asunder, of valleys
base
H1234 בָּקַע cleave, break open or through
1234 baqa` baw-kah'
a primitive root; to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip
or open:--make a breach, break forth (into, out, in pieces,
through, up), be ready to burst, cleave (asunder), cut out,
divide, hatch, rend (asunder), rip up, tear, win.
בָּקַע (ba.qa) — to break up/open.
1) to split, cleave, break open, divide, break through, rip up, break up, tear
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cleave, cleave open
1a2) to break through, break into
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cleft, be rent open, be split open
1b2) to be broken into
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cleave, cut to pieces, rend open
1c2) to break through, break down
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be ripped open, be torn open
1d2) to be rent
1d3) to be broken into
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to break into
1e2) to break through
1f) (Hophal) to be broken into
1g) (Hithpael) to burst (themselves) open, cleave asunder
V-Piel-Perf-3cp — Verb · Piel · perfect third person common pluralHVpp3cp
קוּר (quwr) refers to a thread or film, and is primarily used in the plural form to mean trenches or a web. The word appears in Isaiah 59:5, where it conveys the idea of something intricately formed like a web. The entries consistently emphasize its connection to threads and webs.
[קוּר] n.m. thread, film;—pl. cstr. Is 59:5
base
H6980 [קוּר] thread, film
6980 quwr koor
from 6979; (only plural) trenches, i.e. a web (as if so
formed):--web.
see HEBREW for 06979
קוּר (qur) — web.
thread, film, web
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עַכָּבִישׁ (akkabiysh) means 'spider' in Hebrew. It likely comes from a root meaning 'entangling,' reflecting the spider's web-making behavior. The word can also refer to a spider's web. The entries consistently define it as a spider without significant disagreement.
עַכָּבִישׁ n.m. spider
base
H5908 עַכָּבִישׁ spider
5908 `akkabiysh ak-kaw-beesh'
probably from an unused root in the literal sense of
entangling; a spider (as weaving a network):--spider.
עַכָּבִישׁ (ak.ka.vish) — spider.
1) spider
1a) spider
1b) web (house of spider)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
spi'-der
(1) `akkabhish; compare Arabic `ankabut, English Versions of the Bible "spider"; Septuagint arachne (Job 8:14; Isa 59:5);
(2) semamith, "lizard," the King James Version "spider"; Septuagint kalabotes (Pr 30:28)): Semamith of Pr 30:28 is probably the gecko, a kind of lizard, as Septuagint and the Revised Version (British and American) have it. See LIZARD.
Spider
The trust of the hypocrite is compared to the spider’s web or house (Job 8:14). It is said of the wicked by Isaiah that they “weave the spider’s web” (59:5), i.e., their works and designs are, like the spider’s web, vain and useless. The Hebrew word here used is ’akkabish, “a swift weaver.”
In Prov. 30:28 a different Hebrew word (semamith) is used. It is rendered in the Vulgate by stellio, and in the Revised Version by “lizard.” It may, however, represent the spider, of which there are, it is said, about seven hundred species in Palestine.
The Hebrew word ’accabish in (Job 8:24; Isaiah 59:5) is correctly rendered "spider." Put semamith is wrongly translated "spider" in (Proverbs 30:28) it refers probably to some kind of lizard. (But "there are many species of spider in Palestine: some which spin webs, like the common garden spider; some which dig subterranean cells and make doors in them, like the well-known trap-door spider of southern Europe; and some which have no web, but chase their prey upon the ground, like the hunting-and the wolf-spider." --Wood’s Bible Animals.)
A well-known insect, remarkable for the thread which it spins, and with which it forms a web of curious texture, but so frail that it is exposed to be broken and destroyed by the slightest accident. To the slenderness of this filmy workmanship Job compares the hope of the wicked, Job 8:14. So also in Isa 59:5, it is shown that the works of sinners are utterly inadequate to cover or protect them. In Pr 30:28, it is said in our version that "the spider taketh hold with her hands, and is in kings’ palaces;" but the Hebrew employs here a different word, which signifies, according to the best interpreters, a species of lizard frequent in Palestine.
אָרַג (arag) is a Hebrew verb meaning to weave or plait, applicable to both cloth and hair, as noted in the context of Samson's hair. It can also refer to the act of weaving in a more figurative sense, such as in intrigue. The entries consistently emphasize its primary meaning related to weaving.
[אָרַג] vb. weave
base
H707 אָרַג weave
707 'arag aw-rag'
a primitive root; to plait or weave:--weaver(-r).
אָרַג (a.rag) — to weave.
1) to weave
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to weave (cloth)
1a2) to braid (Samson's hair)
1a3) weaver (subst.)
1a4) intrigue (fig.)
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.
אָכַל 806 vb. eat
Qal
eat, human subject
of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour
fig. of fire, devour, consume
of sword, devour, slay
in genl., devour, consume, destroy
fig. of oppression, devour the poor
Niph.
be eaten by man
be devoured by fire, consumed
be wasted, destroyed, of flesh
Pu. be consumed
Hiph.
cause to eat, feed with
cause to devoure, obj. sword
base
H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject
. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour
. fig. of fire, devour, consume
. of sword, devour, slay
. in genl., devour, consume, destroy
. fig. of oppression, devour the poor
. . be eaten by man
. be devoured by fire, consumed
. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh
. be consumed
. . cause to eat, feed with
. cause to devoure, obj. sword
398 'akal aw-kal'
a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at
all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),
feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)
meat, X quite.
אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.
1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to eat (human subject)
1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)
1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)
1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)
1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)
1a6) to devour (of oppression)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be eaten (by men)
1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)
1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to cause to eat, feed with
1c2) to cause to devour
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to feed
1d2) to cause to eat
1e) (Piel)
1e1) consume
Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)
Art | V-Qal — Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine singularHTd/Vqrmsa
בֵּיצָה (beytsah) means 'egg' in Hebrew. It is derived from a root related to the word for 'whiteness.' The entries consistently define it simply as 'egg,' with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[בֵּיצָה] n.f. egg
base
H1000 [בֵּיצָה] egg
1000 beytsah bay-tsaw'
from the same as 948; an egg (from its whiteness):--egg.
see HEBREW for 0948
בֵּיצָה (be.tsah) — egg.
egg
Prep | N-fp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
מוּת (mūth) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to die' or 'to kill.' It encompasses a range of meanings from dying naturally to being executed as a penalty. The word can refer to both humans and animals, and it includes various forms such as causing death or being killed. There is a distinction in usage based on the subject, whether it is a person or God inflicting death.
מוּת vb. die
Qal
die, of natural or other causes
die as a penalty = be put to death
Po‛lel. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)
Hiph.
abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man
subj. God, by inflicting penalty
of animals killing men
bring to a premature death
Hoph. be killed, put to death
base
H4191 מוּת die .. die, of natural or other causes
. die as a penalty = be put to death
. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)
. . abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man
. subj. God, by inflicting penalty
. of animals killing men
. bring to a premature death
. be killed, put to death
4191 muwth mooth
a primitive root: to die (literally or figuratively);
causatively, to kill:--X at all, X crying, (be) dead (body,
man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to,
be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), X must needs,
slay, X surely, X very suddenly, X in (no) wise.
מוּת (mut) — to die.
1) to die, kill, have one executed
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to die
1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death
1a3) to die, perish (of a nation)
1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct)
1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch
1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be killed, be put to death
1d1a) to die prematurely
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
(muth, gawa`; apothnesko, teleutao): "To die," etc., is of very frequent occurrence, and in the Old Testament is generally the translation of muth, meaning perhaps originally, "to be stretched out" or "prostrate." "To die," should be the consequence of eating the forbidden fruit (Ge 2:17; compare Ge 20:7; 2Ki 1:4,6). "Die" is commonly used of natural death (Ge 5:8; 25:8). It is used also of violent death (Ge 26:9,11; Ex 21:20); punitive (Ex 19:12; 21:12,14; 28:43; Nu…
זוּר (zuwreh) refers to something that is crushed or trodden on. It is derived from a root meaning to press down and out, indicating a state of being crushed. The entries consistently emphasize the physical aspect of being pressed or trodden.
[זוּר] vb. press down and out
base
H2116 [זוּר] Pt. pass.
2116 zuwreh zoo-reh'
from 2115; trodden on:--that which is crushed.
see HEBREW for 02115
זוּרֶה (zu.reh) — crushed.
a thing that is crushed
Conj | Art | V-Qal-Inf-c — Conjunction · particle · verb qal participle (passive) feminine singularHC/Td/Vqsfsa
(betsah; oon; Latin ovum):
An oval or spheroid body produced by birds, fishes and reptiles, from which their young emerge when incubated or naturally developed. The fertile egg of a bird consists of the yolk, a small disk from which the embryo develops, the albuminous white, and a calcareous shell. The most ancient records prove that eggs have been used as an article of diet ever since the use of the flesh of fowl began. Chickens were unknown in Palestine in the days of Job, so that his query concerning the taste of the white of an egg might have referred to those of pigeons, ducks, eggs taken from the nests of geese or swans, game birds or ostriches. "Can that which hath no savor be eaten without salt? Or is there any taste in the white of an egg?" (Job 6:6, the Revised Version, margin "the juice of purslain"). In
Egg
(Heb. beytsah, “whiteness”). Eggs deserted (Isa. 10:14), of a bird (Deut. 22:6), an ostrich (Job 39:14), the cockatrice (Isa. 59:5). In Luke 11:12, an egg is contrasted with a scorpion, which is said to be very like an egg in its appearance, so much so as to be with difficulty at times distinguished from it. In Job 6:6 (“the white of an egg”) the word for egg (hallamuth’) occurs nowhere else. It has been translated “purslain” (R.V. marg.), and the whole phrase “purslain-broth”, i.e., broth made of that herb, proverbial for its insipidity; and hence an insipid…
בָּקַע (baqa`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cleave or break open. It encompasses a range of actions, including splitting, tearing, and breaking through, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as being cleft or bursting open. The entries highlight its use in contexts like breaking into or through something, but do not provide specific verse references.
בָּקַע vb. cleave, break open or through
Qal
cleave, cleave open
break through or into
Niph.
be cleft, rent open
be broken into
Pi. cleave, cut to pieces, or rend open
Pu. be ripped open
Hiph. break into
Hoph. the city was broken into
Hithp. burst (themselves) open, of wine-skins; cleave asunder, of valleys
base
H1234 בָּקַע cleave, break open or through
1234 baqa` baw-kah'
a primitive root; to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip
or open:--make a breach, break forth (into, out, in pieces,
through, up), be ready to burst, cleave (asunder), cut out,
divide, hatch, rend (asunder), rip up, tear, win.
בָּקַע (ba.qa) — to break up/open.
1) to split, cleave, break open, divide, break through, rip up, break up, tear
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cleave, cleave open
1a2) to break through, break into
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cleft, be rent open, be split open
1b2) to be broken into
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cleave, cut to pieces, rend open
1c2) to break through, break down
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be ripped open, be torn open
1d2) to be rent
1d3) to be broken into
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to break into
1e2) to break through
1f) (Hophal) to be broken into
1g) (Hithpael) to burst (themselves) open, cleave asunder
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVNi3fs
אֶפְעֶה (eph'eh) refers to a type of viper or venomous serpent. It is derived from a root meaning to hiss, indicating its nature. The entries consistently identify it as a viper without significant variation in meaning.
אֶפְעֶה n.[m.] a kind of viper
base
H660 אֶפְעֶה a kind of viper
660 'eph`eh ef-eh'
from 659 (in the sense of hissing); an asp or other venomous
serpent:--viper.
see HEBREW for 0659
אֶפְעֶה (eph.eh) — viper.
a viper, snake
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa