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Isaiah 10:15 — Word Study

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WLCהֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙ הַגַּרְזֶ֔ן עַ֖ל הַחֹצֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ אִם־ יִתְגַּדֵּ֤ל הַמַּשּׂוֹר֙ עַל־ מְנִיפ֔וֹ כְּהָנִ֥יף שֵׁ֙בֶט֙ וְאֶת־ מְרִימָ֔יו כְּהָרִ֥ים מַטֶּ֖ה לֹא־ עֵֽץ׃

BSADoes an axegarzen [a common tool, like the one used for chopping] raise itselfpâʼar aboveʻal [exalt, magnify] the one who swingschâtsab [wields, uses] Doesʼim a sawmassôwr [a tool for cutting] boastgâdal [glorify, magnify itself] over himʻal who saws with it?nûwph [cuts, hews] It would be like a rodshêbeṭ [as if, similar to, a staff] wavingnûwph [moving, sprinkling] the one who lifts itrûwm [exalts, holds] [or] a staffmaṭṭeh [a wooden club] lifting himrûwm [exalting, raising] who is notlôʼ [certainly not, absolutely not] woodʻêts [a tree, a strong object]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 10
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 15 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('Etz) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 10:15quick helps
In a sentenceIsaiah questions whether tools like an axe or a saw can elevate themselves above their users.
Who is speakingThe prophet Isaiah, addressing the arrogance of Assyria.
Where we areA poetic comparison illustrating the futility of pride in tools and instruments.
The hard wordהֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙
Take awayThe tools serve their purpose, and pride in them is misplaced.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectשֵׁבֶט verbגָּדַל The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

1 of 18 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 10:15

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Folly of Arrogancegenerated

14My hand reached as into a nest to seize the wealth of the nations. Like one gathering abandoned eggs, I gathered all the earth. No wing fluttered, no beak opened or chirped.’”
15Does an axe raise itself above the one who swings it? Does a saw boast over him who saws with it? It would be like a rod waving the one who lifts it, or a staff lifting him who is not wood!
16Therefore the Lord GOD of Hosts will send a wasting disease among Assyria’s stout warriors, and under his pomp will be kindled a fire like a burning flame.
17And the Light of Israel will become a fire, and its Holy One a flame. In a single day it will burn and devour Assyria’s thorns and thistles.

Isaiah 10:15 uses vivid imagery to illustrate the absurdity of pride in instruments that serve a purpose. The prophet compares the tools to those who wield them, questioning the logic of boasting or elevating oneself above the one who uses them. This passage reflects a broader theme in Isaiah regarding the power dynamics of nations and the futility of human pride, particularly in the context of Assyria's arrogance.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Isaiah 10:5Woe to Assyria, the rod of My anger; the staff in their hands is My wrath.
2Psalm 17:13–14Arise, O LORD, confront them! Bring them to their knees; deliver me from the wicked by Your sword,
3Jeremiah 51:20–23“You are My war club, My weapon for battle. With you I shatter nations; with you I bring kingdoms to ruin.
4Ezekiel 28:9Will you still say, ‘I am a god,’ in the presence of those who slay you? You will be only a man, not a god, in the hands of those who wound you.
5Romans 9:20–21But who are you, O man, to talk back to God? Shall what is formed say to Him who formed it, “Why did You make me like this?”

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙, ha.yit.pa.'Ergenerated

The verb הֲיִתְפָּאֵר (*ha.yit.pa'er*) is a hithpael imperfect form, indicating an action that reflects back on the subject, suggesting self-glorification or boasting. It is built from the root פָּאַר (*pa'ar*), which encompasses meanings of beautifying or glorifying oneself. This reflects a sense of pride that is misplaced, as the tools cannot elevate themselves above their users.

In this context, the verb emphasizes the absurdity of an axe or saw attempting to boast or elevate itself, highlighting the folly of such pride. The use of this verb in a rhetorical question serves to challenge the listener's understanding of power and agency.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which translates the key verb as raise itself.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of multiple rhetorical questions, with the finite verbs הֲיִתְפָּאֵר and יִתְגַּדֵּ֤ל governing their respective clauses. The structure emphasizes the absurdity of tools attempting to elevate themselves, creating a parallel between the axe and the saw.

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the subjects, the tools, followed by their actions, highlighting the contrast between the inanimate objects and their human operators.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates הֲיִתְפָּאֵר as δοχασθήσεται, which suggests a passive reception of glory rather than an active self-glorification. This choice indicates a nuanced interpretation that focuses on the futility of seeking honor.

The translation of הַגַּרְזֶ֔ן as ἀχίνη aligns with the common Greek term for an axe, maintaining the imagery of the original Hebrew.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 10:15 questions whether tools like an axe or a saw can boast about themselves or elevate their status above their users. It illustrates the absurdity of pride in inanimate objects, emphasizing that these tools serve their purpose under the guidance of those who wield them.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Isaiah mean by asking if an axe can raise itself?

Isaiah is using a rhetorical question to illustrate the foolishness of pride, suggesting that tools cannot elevate themselves above the one who uses them.

How does this verse relate to the concept of power?

The verse highlights the dynamics of power, emphasizing that true authority comes from the one who wields the tools, not the tools themselves.

Why does Isaiah use tools like an axe and a saw in this comparison?

These tools are common and relatable, making the comparison effective in illustrating the absurdity of pride in something that serves a purpose.

What is the significance of the imagery in this verse?

The imagery serves to challenge the listener's understanding of power and pride, reinforcing the idea that true strength lies in the user, not the tools.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life might I be tempted to take credit for what I have not accomplished?
  2. How can I ensure that I recognize the true source of my abilities and successes?
  3. What are some examples in my life where I have seen pride lead to downfall?
  4. How can I cultivate humility in my daily interactions and responsibilities?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentators refer to this verse to discuss the nature of power and pride, illustrating the folly of assuming authority that belongs to the one who wields the tools.

Aphrahat the Persian SageDEMONSTRATION 5:4 c. 270–345
For you, Sennacherib, are the ax in the hands of him that cuts, and you are the saw in the hands of him that saws, and the rod in the hand of him that wields you for chastisement, and you are the staff for smiting.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 10 →
Pachomius the GreatLETTER 4:4 c. 292–348
Let us consider therefore those to whom God has granted power, to see if we may deserve to serve them and to cling to their doctrine, putting aside all pride and resisting with great courage the sin, which fearlessly operates in bodies;
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 10 →
JeromeVerse 15. c. 347–420
Will the axe boast against the one who hews with it, or the saw exalt itself against the one who draws it? As if a rod should raise itself against the one who lifts it, or a staff should exalt itself, which is only wood.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 10 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 10:15 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith?.... Hitherto are the words of the Assyrian monarch; and here begin the words of the prophet, rebuking him for his pride, and deriding his

Read John Gill on Isaiah 10 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? or shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it?

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 10 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? How absurd and unreasonable a thing is it for thee, who art but an instrument in God’ s hand, and canst do nothing without his leave and help, to blaspheme thy Lord and Master, who hath as great a power over thee, to manage thee as he pleaseth, as a man hath over the axe wherewith he heweth! As if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it up; or, as it is rendered in the margin, and by other interpreters, as if a rod should shake (i.e. shall pretend to shake, or should boast that it would or could shake; which may easily be understood out of the foregoing words) them that lift it up. As if the staff should lift up…

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 10 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 10:15 Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? [or] shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? as if the rod should shake [itself] against them that lift it up, [or] as if the staff should lift up [itself, as if it were] no wood.Ver. 15. Shall the axe boast itself.] Is not God the architect and chief agent - the Assyrian only the instrument in his hand? What a madness, then, is it for him thus to vaunt and vapour? is the man in his right mind, think ye? How much better that victorious emperor, Charles V, who, instead of Caesar’ s Veni, vidi, vici, I came, i saw, I conquered, wrote Veni, vidi, sed Christus vicit! I came, I saw, but Christ conquers…

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 10 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(15) Shall the ax boast itself . . .?—The words spoken by the prophet as the mouthpiece of Jehovah remind us of the way in which Christian writers of the fifth century spoke of Attila as “the scourge of God.” There was comfort in that thought for the nations that were scourged. The man’s lust for power might be limitless, but there was the limit of the compassion and longsuffering of God. As if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it up.—Better, As if the rod should shake them. The plural is used either as generalising the comparison, or more probably as suggesting the thought that Elohim (God) is the true wielder of the rod. (Comp. Isaiah 10:5.) As if the staff should lift up…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 10 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 15. No wood - "Its master."] I have here given the meaning, without attempting to keep to the expression of the original, לא עץ lo ets, "the no-wood;" that which is not wood like itself, but of a quite different and superior nature. The Hebrews have a peculiar way of joining the negative particle לא lo to a noun, to signify in a strong manner a total negation of the thing expressed by the noun. "How hast thou given help (ללא כח lelo choach) to the no-strength? And saved the arm (לא עז lo oz) of the no-power? How hast, thou given counsel (ללא חכמה lelo chochmah) to the no-wisdom?" Job 26:2-3. That is, to the man totally deprived of strength, power, and wisdom. "Ye that rejoice (ללא דבר…

Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 10 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

15. To a believer in the divine government of the world the self-exaltation of Assyria is as ludicrous as if a tool were to vaunt itself against the man who uses it. The two last clauses are exclamations. against them that lift it up] A plural of majesty, indicating that Jehovah is meant. Some Hebrew MSS., however, have the singular. should lift up itself, as if it were no wood] Lit. should lift up not-wood. (See R.V.) “Not-wood” is a compound noun like “not-man” in ch. Isaiah 31:8; “one who is not wood” i.e. a man.

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 10 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Shall the axe ... - In this verse God reproves the pride and arrogance of the Assyrian monarch.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 10 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Does an axe raise itself above the one who swings it? Does a saw boast over him who saws with it? It would be like a rod waving the one who lifts it, or a staff lifting him who is not wood!

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Should an ax brag against him who chops with it? Should a saw exalt itself above him who saws with it? As if a rod should lift those who lift it up, or as if a staff should lift up someone who is not wood.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Does an axe raise itself above the one who swings it? Does a saw boast over him who saws with it? It would be like a rod waving the one who lifts it, or a staff lifting him who is not wood!

NETBNew English Translation2006

Does an ax exalt itself over the one who wields it, or a saw magnify itself over the one who cuts with it? As if a scepter should brandish the one who raises it, or a staff should lift up what is not made of wood!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? or shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? as if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it up, or as if the staff should lift up itself, as if it were no wood.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? shall the saw magnify itself against him that wieldeth it? as if a rod should wield them that lift it up, or as if a staff should lift up him that is not wood.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? shall the saw magnify itself against him that shaketh it? as if a rod should shake them that lift it up, or as if a staff should lift up him that is not wood.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Shall the ax boast itself against him that heweth with it? or shall the saw magnify itself against him that moveth it? as if the rod should shake itself against them that lift it, or as if the staff should lift itself , as if it were no wood.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Shall the axe boast it selfe against him that heweth therewith? or shall the sawe exalt it selfe against him that moueth it? as if the rod shoulde lift vp it selfe against him that taketh it vp, or the staffe should exalt it selfe, as it were no wood.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

— Shall the axe boast itself against him that heweth therewith? shall the saw magnify itself against him that wieldeth it? As if the rod should wield them that lift it up; as if the staff should lift up [him who is] not wood!

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

— Doth the axe glorify itself Against him who is hewing with it? Doth the saw magnify itself Against him who is shaking it? As a rod waving those lifting it up! As a staff lifting up that which is not wood!

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Does the axe glorify itself || Against him who is hewing with it? Does the saw magnify itself || Against him who is shaking it? As a rod waving those lifting it up! As a staff lifting up that which is not wood!

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Shall the axe boast itself over him that heweth therewith? or shall the saw magnify itself against him that swingeth it? as if the rod should swing about those that lift it up, or as if the staff should lift up him who is no wood.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Will the ax boast about itself against the one who wields it? Will the saw praise itself more than the one who cuts with it? It is as if a rod could lift up those who raise it, or as if a wooden club could lift up a person.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Shall the axe boast itself against him that cutteth with it? or shall the saw exalt itself against him by whom it is drawn? as if a rod should lift itself up against him that lifteth it up, and a staff exalt itself, which is but wood.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Does an ax say it's more important than the person swinging it? Does a saw boast that it's greater than the person sawing with it? It would be as if a rod waved the person holding it, or a walking stick lifted up a person—who certainly wasn't wood!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Will the axe say high-sounding words against him who is using it, or the blade be full of pride against him who is cutting with it? As if a rod had the power of shaking him who is using it, or as if a stick might take up him who is not wood.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseהֲdoesclauseverbיִתְפָּאֵר֙it.glorify.itself?noun phrase · subjectהַtheגַּרְזֶ֔ןaxeprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַ֖לabovenoun phraseהַthe.[onenoun phraseclauseverbחֹצֵ֣בwho].cutsprepositional phrase · prepositionalבּ֑withוֹitclauseאִםor?clauseverbיִתְגַּדֵּ֤לdoes.it.magnify.itselfnoun phrase · subjectהַtheמַּשּׂוֹר֙sawprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַלabovenoun phraseמְנִיפ֔the.[oneוֹwho].wields.itclauseprepositional phrase · predicateכְּasclauseverbהָנִ֥יףwieldssubjectשֵׁ֨בֶט֙a.rodnoun phrase · objectוְ(and)noun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseמְרִימָ֔י[thoseוwho].lift.itclauseprepositional phrase · predicateכְּasclauseverbהָרִ֥יםliftssubjectמַטֶּ֖הa.staffnoun phrase · objectclauseadverbialלֹאnotpredicateעֵֽץwood

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls agree closely, with the 1Qisaa scroll matching the Hebrew text almost entirely. The Septuagint, while differing in word order, retains the essential meaning of the verse.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙ הַגַּרְזֶ֔ן עַ֖ל הַחֹצֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ אִם־ יִתְגַּדֵּ֤ל הַמַּשּׂוֹר֙ עַל־ מְנִיפ֔וֹ כְּהָנִ֥יף שֵׁ֙בֶט֙ וְאֶת־ מְרִימָ֔יו כְּהָרִ֥ים מַטֶּ֖ה לֹא־ עֵֽץ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙δοχασθήσεταιהַגַּרְזֶ֔ןἀχίνηעַ֖לἄνευהַחֹצֵ֣בκόπτοντοςבּ֑וֹαὐτῇאִם־יִתְגַּדֵּ֤לὑψωθήσεταιהַמַּשּׂוֹר֙πρίωνעַל־ἄνευשֵׁ֙בֶט֙ῥάβδονלֹא־עֵֽץ׃χύλον

12 of the 18 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

היתפאר הגרזן על החוצב ב׳ו אמ יתגדל המשור על מני  פי׳ו כהניף שבט את מרימי׳ו כהרים מטה לוא עץ

18 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Q8a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[כהניף] [שבט] [את] [מרימי׳ו] [כהרים] [מטה] [לא] [עץ]

8 words of the verse are on this fragment — 8 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 10:15פָּאַר¿ does it g¿ does it gloriפָּאַרגַּרְזֶןthe axethe axeגַּרְזֶןעַלaboveaboveעַלחָצַבthe [one whthe [one who] cחָצַבוֹwith itwith itוֹאִםor?or?אִםגָּדַלdoes it magdoes it magnifyגָּדַלמַשּׂוֹרthe sawthe sawמַשּׂוֹרעַלaboveaboveעַלנוּף[the] [one [the] [one who]נוּףנוּףas wieldsas wieldsנוּףשֵׁ֫בֶטa roda rodשֵׁ֫בֶטאֵתthe object the object markאֵתרוּם[those who][those who] lifרוּםרוּםas liftsas liftsרוּםמַטֶּהa staffa staffמַטֶּהלֹאnotnotלֹאעֵץwoodwoodעֵץפֹּארָהboughboughפֹּארָהגָּרַזto cut offto cut offגָּרַזעַלheightheightעַלאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתנָטָהto stretchto stretchנָטָהעָצָהto shutto shutעָצָהגְּדִלִיםtasseltasselגְּדִלִיםכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּרכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּאמַשּׂוֹרsawsawמַשּׂוֹרתְּנוּפָהwave offerwave offeringתְּנוּפָהתְּרוּמָהcontributicontributionתְּרוּמָהקֶ֫רֶןhornhornקֶ֫רֶןמַטָּעplantationplantationמַטָּעקָדוֹשׁholyholyקָדוֹשׁנָדַחto banishto banishנָדַחעֵץtree: woodtree: woodעֵץחָרָשׁartificerartificerחָרָשׁ
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 10:15

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
הֲיִתְפָּאֵר֙ha.yit.pa.'Er ¿ does it glorify itself H6286 Particle · verb hithpael imperfect third person masculine singular
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to make something beautiful or to boast about oneself. It can also mean to explain or make something clear. In the Bible, it is used to describe pride or beauty. The KJV translates it as 'beautify' or 'glorify'.
Tyndale gloss
to beautify
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פָּאַר (*pa'ar*) is built from a primitive root meaning to gleam or embellish, and it covers a range of meanings including to beautify, glorify, and boast. It can also refer to going over the boughs, as noted in Deuteronomy 24:20. The related form פִּאֵר (*pi'er*) specifically denotes this latter action.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[פָּאַר] vb. Pi. beautify, glorify

Hithp.

glorify oneself = boast

get glory to oneself, be glorified, by means of

base

[פִּאֵר] vb. denom. Pi. go over the boughs;—Dt 24:20

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6286a פָּאַר Pi. beautify, glorify . . glorify oneself = boast

. get glory to oneself, be glorified, by means of

H6286b פִּאֵר vb. denom. Pi. go over the boughs

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6286 pa'ar paw-ar'

a primitive root; to gleam, i.e. (causatively) embellish;

figuratively, to boast; also to explain (i.e. make clear)

oneself; denominative from 6288, to shake a tree:--beautify,

boast self, go over the boughs, glorify (self), glory, vaunt

self.

see HEBREW for 06288

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּאַר (pa.ar) — to beautify.

1) to glorify, beautify, adorn

1a) (Piel) to glorify, beautify

1b) (Hithpael)

1b1) to glorify oneself

1b2) to get glory to oneself, be glorified

פִּאֵר (pi.er) — to re-harvest.

(Piel) to go over the boughs

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part | V-Hithpael-Imperf-3ms — Particle · verb hithpael imperfect third person masculine singular
HTi/Vti3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
הַגַּרְזֶ֔ןha.gar.Zen the axe H1631 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
4× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to an axe, a common tool used for chopping and cutting. It appears in the Bible as a simple, everyday object.
Amplified meaning
a common tool, like the one used for chopping
Tyndale gloss
axe
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גַּרְזֶן (garzen) refers to an axe or pick-axe. The entries indicate it is a noun and derive from the root word for axe, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גַּרְזֶן n.m. axe (pick, pick-axe)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1631 גַּרְזֶן axe (pick, pick-axe)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1631 garzen gar-zen'

from 1629; an axe:--ax.

see HEBREW for 01629

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גַּרְזֶן (gar.zen) — axe.

axe

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Axe

Used in the Authorized Version of Deut. 19:5; 20:19; 1 Kings 6:7, as the translation of a Hebrew word which means “chopping.” It was used for felling trees (Isa. 10:34) and hewing timber for building. It is the rendering of a different word in Judg. 9:48, 1 Sam. 13:20, 21, Ps. 74:5, which refers to its sharpness. In 2 Kings 6:5 it is the translation of a word used with reference to its being made of iron. In Isa. 44:12 the Revised Version renders by “axe” the…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
עַ֖ל'al above H5921 Preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Amplified meaning
exalt, magnify
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
הַחֹצֵ֣בha.cho.Tzev the [one who] cuts H2672 Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine singular
25× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To hew means to cut or carve wood, stone, or other materials, like the skilled laborers who built Solomon's Temple in 1 Kings. This word is used to describe various tasks, from quarrying to engraving.
Amplified meaning
wields, uses
Tyndale gloss
to hew
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word חָצַב (chatsab) means to hew, cut, or carve materials like wood and stone. It encompasses various actions such as digging, dividing, and engraving. The word appears in different forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, indicating various nuances of cutting and shaping. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָצַב] חָצֵב vb. hew, hew out, cleave

Qal

hew out, (dig)

hew stone

appar. hew wood

metaph. hew in pieces

Niph. be cut, hewn, graven (words on rock)

Pu. fig., hewn out of rock

Hiph. hew in pieces

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2672 [חָצַב] חָצֵב hew, hew out, cleave

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2672 chatsab khaw-tsab'

or chatseb {khaw-tsabe'}; a primitive root ; to cut or carve

(wood), stone or other material); by implication, to hew,

split, square, quarry, engrave:--cut, dig, divide, grave, hew

(out, -er), made, mason.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָצַב (cha.tsav) — to hew.

1) to dig, cleave, divide, hew, make, cut out, dig out, cut down, quarry, hewer, mason

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hew out, dig

1a2) to hew

1a2a) stone

1a2b) wood

1a3) to hew in pieces (metaph.)

1a4) to divide, cleave

1b) (Niphal) to be cut, be hewn, be engraved

1c) (Hiphil) to hew into pieces, cut up into pieces

1d) (Pual) to be cut from, be hewn from

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | V-Qal — Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine singular
HTd/Vqrmsa
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
בּ֑וֹbo with it H9033 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

וֹ (o) — him.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp3ms
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
אִם־'im- or? H518 Particle
1,070× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Tyndale gloss
if
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִם (im) is a Hebrew conjunction primarily meaning 'if' and is used in various contexts, including conditional clauses and interrogative situations. It can also express negation, alternatives, or exceptions, and appears frequently in the Old Testament. The lexicons note its use in oaths and its ability to connect different clauses, sometimes altering their meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִם conj.

hypoth. part. if

Interrog. part.

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H518a אִם conj. . hypoth. part. if

. Interrog. part.

H518b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

518 'im eem

a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!;

interrog., whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh

that!, when; hence, as a negative, not:--(and, can-,

doubtless, if, that) (not), + but, either, + except, +

more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or,

+ save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, + surely (no more,

none, not), though, + of a truth, + unless, + verily, when,

whereas, whether, while, + yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִם (im) — if.

: if/whether_or/though

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

[כִּי] אם (ki im) — if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

אִם (im) — if: surely no.

: surely_no

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: surely yes.

: surely_yes

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: until.

: until/except

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

or: The word is used once for either (1Sa 26:10), and is still in poetic use in this sense; as in, "Without or wave or wind" (Coleridge); "Or the bakke or some bone he breketh in his dzouthe" (Piers Plowman (B), VII, 93; compare Merchant of Venice, III, ii, 65). It is also used with "ever" for before (Ps 90:2; Ecclesiasticus 18:19), which the American Standard Revised Version substitutes in Ec 12:6 (compare 12:1,2); So 6:12; Da 6:24.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
יִתְגַּדֵּ֤לyit.ga.Del does it magnify itself H1431 Verb · Hithpael · imperfect third person masculine singular
117× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To make something or someone great, important, or powerful. This Hebrew word means to magnify or grow, and is used in the Bible to describe God's power and greatness. The KJV translates it as 'magnify' or 'great'.
Amplified meaning
glorify, magnify itself
Tyndale gloss
to magnify
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּדַל (gadal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to grow up or become great. It encompasses a range of meanings including to magnify, promote, and make powerful. The word has various forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of growth and greatness. Notably, it can also imply self-magnification.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּדַל 115 vb. grow up, become great

Qal

grow up

become great

to be magnified

Pi.

cause to grow

make great, powerful

magnify

Pu. brought up

Hiph.

make great

magnify

do great things

Hithp. I will magnify myself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1431 גָּדַל grow up, become great .. grow up

. become great

. to be magnified

. . cause to grow

. make great, powerful

. magnify

. brought up

. . make great

. magnify

. do great things

. I will magnify myself

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1431 gadal gaw-dal'

a primitive root; properly, to twist (compare 1434), i.e. to

be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body,

mind, estate or honor, also in pride):--advance, boast, bring

up, exceed, excellent, be(-come, do, give, make, wax),

great(-er, come to...estate, + things), grow(up),increase,

lift up, magnify(-ifical), be much set by, nourish (up), pass,

promote, proudly (spoken), tower.

see HEBREW for 01434

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּדַל (ga.dal) — to magnify.

1) to grow, become great or important, promote, make powerful, praise, magnify, do great things

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to grow up

1a2) to become great

1a3) to be magnified

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to cause to grow

1b2) to make great, powerful

1b3) to magnify

1c) (Pual) to be brought up

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to make great

1d2) to magnify

1d3) to do great things

1e) (Hithpael) to magnify oneself

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hithpael-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Hithpael · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVti3ms
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
הַמַּשּׂוֹר֙ha.ma.sOr the saw H4883 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a saw, a tool used for cutting. It is used in various contexts, including in the book of 1 Kings. The KJV translates it as 'saw'.
Amplified meaning
a tool for cutting
Tyndale gloss
saw
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַשּׂוֹר (massowr) means 'saw' and is derived from an unused root meaning to rasp. It is used in the context of tools or instruments for cutting, as seen in Isaiah 10:15. The entries consistently define it as a noun referring to a saw.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַשּׂוֹר n.m. saw;—abs. Is 10:15.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4883 מַשּׂוֹר saw

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4883 massowr mas-sore'

from an unused root meaning to rasp; a saw:--saw.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַשּׂוֹר (mas.s.vor) — saw.

saw

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

so.

See TOOLS.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Egyptian saws, so far as has yet been discovered, are single-handed. As is the case in modern Oriental saws, the teeth usually incline toward the handle, instead of away from it like ours. They have, in most cases, bronze blades, apparently attached to the handles by leathern thongs. No evidence exists of the use of the saw applied to stone in Egypt, but we read of sawn stones used in the temple. (1 Kings 7:9) The saws "under" or "in" which David is said to have placed his captives were of iron. The expression in (2 Samuel 12:31) does not necessarily imply torture, but the word "cut" in (1 Chronicles 20:3) can hardly be understood otherwise.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Used as an instrument of torture 2Sa 12:31; Heb 11:37

→ Used for cutting stone 1Ki 7:9

→ FIGURATIVE Isa 10:15

¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
עַל־'al- above H5921 Preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
מְנִיפ֔וֹme.ni.Fo [the] [one who] wields it H5130 Verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular common · suffix
37× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To wave means to move something back and forth, like waving a hand or an offering to God, as described in the book of Leviticus. It can also mean to sprinkle or shake something, like sprinkling water for purification.
Amplified meaning
cuts, hews
Tyndale gloss
to sprinkle
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נוּף (nuwph) is a Hebrew verb that encompasses a range of actions including to sprinkle, wave, and move to and fro. It can refer to various movements such as shaking a hand or waving an offering, often in a ritual context. The term has applications in both everyday actions and religious rites, particularly those involving offerings to God.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נוּף] vb. move to and fro, wave, besprinkle

Qal I have besprinkled my couch with myrrh

Po‛lel he brandisheth his hand toward the mt.

Hiph.

wield, move to and fro in using it

Shake or wave the hand

swing to and fro, as a signal

Oft. term. techn. in P (H), of rite in which originally the priest lifted his share of offering and waved it, i.e. moved it toward altar and back, in token of its presentation to God and its return by him to priest

Shed abroad

Hoph. be waved

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5130a נוּף besprinkle H5130b נוּף move to and fro, wave, besprinkle .I have besprinkled my couch with myrrh

.he brandisheth his hand toward the mt.

. . wield, move to and fro in using it

. Shake or wave the hand

. swing to and fro, as a signal

. Oft. term. techn. in P (H), of rite in which originally the priest lifted his share of offering and waved it, i.e. moved it toward altar and back, in token of its presentation to God and its return by him to priest

. Shed abroad

. be waved

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5130 nuwph noof

a primitive root; to quiver (i.e. vibrate up and down, or

rock to and fro); used in a great variety of applications

(including sprinkling, beckoning, rubbing, bastinadoing,

sawing, waving, etc.):--lift up, move, offer, perfume, send,

shake, sift, strike, wave.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נוּף (nuph) — to sprinkle.

1) to sprinkle

1a) (Qal) to besprinkle, sprinkle

נוּף (nuph) — to wave.

1) to move to and fro, wave

1a) (Qal) to move

1b) (Polel) to wave, brandish (in threat)

1c) (Hiphil) to swing, wield, wave

1c1) to wield

1c2) to wave or shake (the hand)

1c2a) to wave (hand)

1c2b) to shake or brandish against

1c2c) to swing to and fro

1c3) to wave (an offering), offer

1c4) to shed abroad

1d) (Hophal) to be waved

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil | Suff — Verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular common · suffix
HVhrmsc/Sp3ms
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
כְּהָנִ֥יףke.ha.Nif as wields H5130 Preposition · verb hiphil infinitive construct common
37× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To wave means to move something back and forth, like waving a hand or an offering to God, as described in the book of Leviticus. It can also mean to sprinkle or shake something, like sprinkling water for purification.
Amplified meaning
moving, sprinkling
Tyndale gloss
to sprinkle
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נוּף (nuwph) is a Hebrew verb that encompasses a range of actions including to sprinkle, wave, and move to and fro. It can refer to various movements such as shaking a hand or waving an offering, often in a ritual context. The term has applications in both everyday actions and religious rites, particularly those involving offerings to God.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נוּף] vb. move to and fro, wave, besprinkle

Qal I have besprinkled my couch with myrrh

Po‛lel he brandisheth his hand toward the mt.

Hiph.

wield, move to and fro in using it

Shake or wave the hand

swing to and fro, as a signal

Oft. term. techn. in P (H), of rite in which originally the priest lifted his share of offering and waved it, i.e. moved it toward altar and back, in token of its presentation to God and its return by him to priest

Shed abroad

Hoph. be waved

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5130a נוּף besprinkle H5130b נוּף move to and fro, wave, besprinkle .I have besprinkled my couch with myrrh

.he brandisheth his hand toward the mt.

. . wield, move to and fro in using it

. Shake or wave the hand

. swing to and fro, as a signal

. Oft. term. techn. in P (H), of rite in which originally the priest lifted his share of offering and waved it, i.e. moved it toward altar and back, in token of its presentation to God and its return by him to priest

. Shed abroad

. be waved

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5130 nuwph noof

a primitive root; to quiver (i.e. vibrate up and down, or

rock to and fro); used in a great variety of applications

(including sprinkling, beckoning, rubbing, bastinadoing,

sawing, waving, etc.):--lift up, move, offer, perfume, send,

shake, sift, strike, wave.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נוּף (nuph) — to sprinkle.

1) to sprinkle

1a) (Qal) to besprinkle, sprinkle

נוּף (nuph) — to wave.

1) to move to and fro, wave

1a) (Qal) to move

1b) (Polel) to wave, brandish (in threat)

1c) (Hiphil) to swing, wield, wave

1c1) to wield

1c2) to wave or shake (the hand)

1c2a) to wave (hand)

1c2b) to shake or brandish against

1c2c) to swing to and fro

1c3) to wave (an offering), offer

1c4) to shed abroad

1d) (Hophal) to be waved

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a — Preposition · verb hiphil infinitive construct common
HR/Vhcc
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
שֵׁ֙בֶט֙she.vet a rod H7626 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
190× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means a stick or staff, but also a clan or tribe, and can refer to a symbol of authority or a tool for punishing. It is used in the Bible to describe the rods used by shepherds or the scepters of kings.
Amplified meaning
as if, similar to, a staff
Tyndale gloss
tribe
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שֵׁ֫בֶט (shebet) refers to both a physical object and a social group. It can mean a rod, staff, or sceptre, often associated with authority or punishment, as well as a tribe or clan. The word is built from a root likely meaning to branch off, indicating both literal and figurative uses.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שֵׁ֫בֶט 189 n.m. 1. rod, staff, club, sceptre. 2. tribe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7626 שֵׁ֫בֶט 1. rod, staff, club, sceptre. 2. tribe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7626 shebet shay'-bet

from an unused root probably meaning to branch off; a scion,

i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting,

ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan:--X

correction, dart, rod, sceptre, staff, tribe.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: staff.

: staff

1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe

1a) rod, staff

1b) shaft (of spear, dart)

1c) club (of shepherd's implement)

1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)

1e) clan, tribe

שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe.

: tribe

1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe

1a) rod, staff

1b) shaft (of spear, dart)

1c) club (of shepherd's implement)

1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)

1e) clan, tribe

שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: javelin.

: javelin

1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe

1a) rod, staff

1b) shaft (of spear, dart)

1c) club (of shepherd's implement)

1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)

1e) clan, tribe

שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: ruler.

: ruler

1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe

1a) rod, staff

1b) shaft (of spear, dart)

1c) club (of shepherd's implement)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

(maqqel, maTTeh, shebheT; rhabdos): Little distinction can be drawn between the Hebrew words used for "rod" and "staff." Maqqel is the word used in Ge 30:37 ff for the twigs of poplar put by Jacob before his sheep, and in Jer 1:11 of the "rod of an almond-tree." MaTTeh is used of a rod in the hand, as the "rods" of Moses and of Aaron (Ex 4:2 ff; 7:9 , etc.). ShebheT is used, but sometimes also maTTeh, of the rod used for correction (Ex 21:20; 2Sa 7:14; Pr 10:13; 13:24; Isa 10:5, etc.). In

An offshoot from the trunk of a tree, Ge 30:37 Isa 11:1 Eze 37:15-22. It also denotes a staff, used by one walking, Isa 3:1 Eze 29:6; by a diviner, Ho 4:12; by a surveyor, Ps 74:2; by a shepherd, Le 27:32 Zec 11:10-14; as an instrument of correction, Pr 23:13 29:15; as a sceptre, Es 8:4

¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
וְאֶת־ve.'Et the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
מְרִימָ֔יוme.ri.Mav [those who] lift it H7311 Verb hiphil participle (active) masculine plural common · suffix
190× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb can mean to lift something or someone up, like a parent lifting a child, or to exalt oneself in pride. In the Bible, it's used to describe God lifting up the humble and bringing down the proud.
Amplified meaning
exalts, holds
Tyndale gloss
to exalt
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רוּם (ruwm) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be high or exalted, covering a range of actions such as rising, lifting, and promoting. It can refer to physical elevation, like raising an ark or setting up a throne, as well as figurative exaltation, particularly in relation to God. The word also has a related form, רָמַם (ramam), which means to be wormy.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רוּם vb. be high, exalted, rise

Qal

be high, lit. rock (in fig.)

esp. of י׳

be raised, uplifted

be lifted, rise, of ark

Pō‛lēl

raise, rear, children

cause tree to grow

lift up

exalt, extol, acc. י׳

Pō‛lal be lift up

Hiph.

raise, rear, c. acc., hand

raise poor

lift up voice

(take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone

set up, erect, stone

set on high, throne

lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.

lift up and take away, remove

lift off and present, contribute, offer

Hoph. be taken off from; be abolished

Hithpō‛l. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself

base

[רָמַם] vb. denom. be wormy;—Ex 16:20

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7311a רוּם be high, exalted, rise .. . be high, lit. rock (in fig.)

. esp. of י׳

. be raised, uplifted

. be lifted, rise, of ark

.. . raise, rear, children

. cause tree to grow

. lift up

. exalt, extol, acc. י׳

.be lift up

. . . . raise, rear, c. acc., hand

. raise poor

. lift up voice

. (take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone

. set up, erect, stone

. set on high, throne

. lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.

. lift up and take away, remove

. lift off and present, contribute, offer

. be taken off from; be abolished

. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself

H7311b רָמַם vb. denom. be wormy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7311 ruwm room

a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in

various applications, literally or figuratively):--bring up,

exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be,

lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up,

levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, (X a-)loud, mount up, offer

(up), + presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up,

tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רוּם (rum) — to exalt.

1) to rise, rise up, be high, be lofty, be exalted

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be high, be set on high

1a2) to be raised, be uplifted, be exalted

1a3) to be lifted, rise

1b) (Polel)

1b1) to raise or rear (children), cause to grow up

1b2) to lift up, raise, exalt

1b3) to exalt, extol

1c) (Polal) to be lifted up

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to raise, lift, lift up, take up, set up, erect, exalt, set on high

1d2) to lift up (and take away), remove

1d3) to lift off and present, contribute, offer, contribute

1e) (Hophal) to be taken off, be abolished

1f) (Hithpolel) to exalt oneself, magnify oneself

Aramaic equivalent: rum (רוּם "to rise" H7313)

רָמַם (ra.mam) — be rotten.

(Qal) to be rotten, be wormy

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil | Suff — Verb hiphil participle (active) masculine plural common · suffix
HVhrmpc/Sp3ms
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
כְּהָרִ֥יםke.ha.Rim as lifts H7311 Preposition · verb hiphil infinitive construct common
190× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb can mean to lift something or someone up, like a parent lifting a child, or to exalt oneself in pride. In the Bible, it's used to describe God lifting up the humble and bringing down the proud.
Amplified meaning
exalting, raising
Tyndale gloss
to exalt
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רוּם (ruwm) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be high or exalted, covering a range of actions such as rising, lifting, and promoting. It can refer to physical elevation, like raising an ark or setting up a throne, as well as figurative exaltation, particularly in relation to God. The word also has a related form, רָמַם (ramam), which means to be wormy.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רוּם vb. be high, exalted, rise

Qal

be high, lit. rock (in fig.)

esp. of י׳

be raised, uplifted

be lifted, rise, of ark

Pō‛lēl

raise, rear, children

cause tree to grow

lift up

exalt, extol, acc. י׳

Pō‛lal be lift up

Hiph.

raise, rear, c. acc., hand

raise poor

lift up voice

(take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone

set up, erect, stone

set on high, throne

lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.

lift up and take away, remove

lift off and present, contribute, offer

Hoph. be taken off from; be abolished

Hithpō‛l. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself

base

[רָמַם] vb. denom. be wormy;—Ex 16:20

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7311a רוּם be high, exalted, rise .. . be high, lit. rock (in fig.)

. esp. of י׳

. be raised, uplifted

. be lifted, rise, of ark

.. . raise, rear, children

. cause tree to grow

. lift up

. exalt, extol, acc. י׳

.be lift up

. . . . raise, rear, c. acc., hand

. raise poor

. lift up voice

. (take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone

. set up, erect, stone

. set on high, throne

. lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.

. lift up and take away, remove

. lift off and present, contribute, offer

. be taken off from; be abolished

. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself

H7311b רָמַם vb. denom. be wormy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7311 ruwm room

a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in

various applications, literally or figuratively):--bring up,

exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be,

lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up,

levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, (X a-)loud, mount up, offer

(up), + presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up,

tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רוּם (rum) — to exalt.

1) to rise, rise up, be high, be lofty, be exalted

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be high, be set on high

1a2) to be raised, be uplifted, be exalted

1a3) to be lifted, rise

1b) (Polel)

1b1) to raise or rear (children), cause to grow up

1b2) to lift up, raise, exalt

1b3) to exalt, extol

1c) (Polal) to be lifted up

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to raise, lift, lift up, take up, set up, erect, exalt, set on high

1d2) to lift up (and take away), remove

1d3) to lift off and present, contribute, offer, contribute

1e) (Hophal) to be taken off, be abolished

1f) (Hithpolel) to exalt oneself, magnify oneself

Aramaic equivalent: rum (רוּם "to rise" H7313)

רָמַם (ra.mam) — be rotten.

(Qal) to be rotten, be wormy

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a — Preposition · verb hiphil infinitive construct common
HR/Vhcc
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
מַטֶּ֖הma.Teh a staff H4294 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
252× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word can mean a tribe, like the 12 tribes of Israel, or a staff, like the one Moses used to lead his people in Exodus 4:2.
Amplified meaning
a wooden club
Tyndale gloss
tribe
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַטֶּה (mat-teh) refers to a staff, rod, or branch, and can also denote a tribe. It is derived from a root meaning to extend, and its uses include both literal and figurative meanings, such as a support or a means of correction. The lexicons consistently highlight its association with leadership and community.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַטֶּה 251 n.m.

staff, rod, shaft

branch

tribe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4294 מַטֶּה . staff, rod, shaft

. branch

. tribe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4294 matteh mat-teh'

or (feminine) mattah {mat-taw'}; from 5186; a branch (as

extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for

chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre),

throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a

support of life, e.g. bread):--rod, staff, tribe.

see HEBREW for 05186

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: rod.

: rod/staff

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe.

: tribe

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: arrow.

: arrow

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: stick.

: stick

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: supply.

: supply

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

staf: Many Hebrew terms are represented by this word. The "staves" of the ark translate the word badh, literally, "a part," hence, branch, bar, etc. (Ex 25:13,14,15,27,28, etc.). Other words, as matteh, maqqel, shebhet, used of the staff in the hand, the shepherd's staff, figuratively, "staff of bread" (matteh, Eze 4:16; 5:16; 14:13), as indispensable for support of life, are dealt with under ROD (which see). The New Testament word is rhabdos (Mt 10:10 parallel Lu 9:3; Heb 11:21).

See also SCEPTRE.

Thompson Chain Reference topics
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
certainly not, absolutely not
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
¿ does it glorify itself the axe above the [one who] cuts with it or? does it magnify itself the saw above [the] [one who] wields it as wields a rod the object marker [those who] lift it as lifts a staff not wood
עֵֽץ׃'Etz wood H6086 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
330× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word for tree or wood refers to a strong and firm object, like a tree or a wooden plank, as seen in the carpentry work of Jesus' earthly father Joseph in Matthew 13:55.
Amplified meaning
a tree, a strong object
Tyndale gloss
tree: wood
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֵץ (ets) refers to a tree or wood, encompassing various forms such as timber, sticks, and planks. It can denote both singular and plural trees, as well as specific uses like gallows and firewood. The word is derived from a root meaning firmness, indicating its solid nature.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֵץ 329 n.m. tree, trees, wood

(c. 150 t.)

a standing tree

coll. trees

(c. 175 t.; c. 120 t. pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6086 עֵץ tree, trees, wood . (c. 150 t.) . a standing tree

. coll. trees

. (c. 175 t.; c. 120 t. pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6086 `ets ates

from 6095; a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural

sticks):--+ carpenter, gallows, helve, + pine, plank, staff,

stalk, stick, stock, timber, tree, wood.

see HEBREW for 06095

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֵץ (ets) — tree: wood.

: wood

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree.

: tree

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree: stick.

: stick/log

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree: stake.

: stake/shaft

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax

עֵץ (ets) — tree: carpenter.

: carpenter/wood(worker)

1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows

1a) tree, trees

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wood.

See BOTANY; FOREST; TREES.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Wood

See FOREST.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

[FOREST]

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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