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Ezekiel 24:17 — Word Study

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WLCהֵאָנֵ֣ק׀ דֹּ֗ם מֵתִים֙ אֵ֣בֶל לֹֽא־ תַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה פְאֵֽרְךָ֙ חֲב֣וֹשׁ עָלֶ֔יךָ וּנְעָלֶ֖יךָ תָּשִׂ֣ים בְּרַגְלֶ֑יךָ וְלֹ֤א תַעְטֶה֙ עַל־ שָׂפָ֔ם וְלֶ֥חֶם אֲנָשִׁ֖ים לֹ֥א תֹאכֵֽל׃

BSAGroanʼânaq [sigh, mourn in silence] quietlydâmam do notlôʼ mournʼêbel [refrain from lamenting, cease wailing] for the deadmûwth [those who have died, the deceased] Putchâbash onʻal your turbanpᵉʼêr [headdress, head-dress] and strapsûwm your sandalsnaʻal [shoes, footwear] on your feetregel do notlôʼ coverʻâṭâh [veil, enwrap] [your] lipssâphâm [mustache, upper lip] or eatʼâkal the breadlechem [food, grain]

Word
Listen & take awayEzekiel 24
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 17 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (to.Khel) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezekiel 24:17quick helps
In a sentenceEzekiel is instructed to express grief silently and to refrain from mourning publicly.
Who is speakingGod is speaking to Ezekiel, giving him specific instructions.
Where we areThis verse is part of a larger narrative where Ezekiel experiences personal loss while conveying God's message.
The hard wordהֵאָנֵ֣ק׀
Take awayEzekiel's mourning is to be internal and restrained, reflecting a prophetic role.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbאָנַק The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 24:17

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Instructions to Ezekielgenerated

16“Son of man, behold, I am about to take away the desire of your eyes with a fatal blow. But you must not mourn or weep or let your tears flow.
17Groan quietly; do not mourn for the dead. Put on your turban and strap your sandals on your feet; do not cover your lips or eat the bread of mourners.”
18So I spoke to the people in the morning, and in the evening my wife died. And the next morning I did as I had been commanded.
19Then the people asked me, “Won’t you tell us what these things you are doing mean to us?”

Ezekiel 24:17 presents God's command to Ezekiel regarding how to handle his grief over the death of his wife. This instruction emphasizes the need for silence and restraint in mourning, which serves as a prophetic sign to the people of Israel. The context of this verse is a larger narrative where Ezekiel's actions symbolize God's messages to His people, illustrating the seriousness of their situation.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 37:7Be still before the LORD and wait patiently for Him; do not fret when men prosper in their ways, when they carry out wicked schemes.
2Psalm 39:9I have become mute; I do not open my mouth because of what You have done.
3Psalm 46:10“Be still and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted over the earth.”
4Amos 8:3“In that day,” declares the Lord GOD, “the songs of the temple will turn to wailing. Many will be the corpses, strewn in silence everywhere!”
5Habakkuk 2:20But the LORD is in His holy temple; let all the earth be silent before Him.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 15 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

the bread of menJeremiah 16:7

The Key Word הֵאָנֵ֣ק׀, he.'a.Nekgenerated

The verb אָנַק (anaq) is a Niphal imperative, meaning to groan or lament. It indicates a deep expression of sorrow, yet here it is instructed to be done quietly, reflecting restraint. This choice of word emphasizes the internal nature of Ezekiel's grief rather than an outward display.

In this context, the command to groan quietly contrasts with typical mourning practices, highlighting the seriousness of God's message and the need for Ezekiel to embody this in his actions. The use of the imperative form indicates a direct command, underscoring the urgency of the instruction.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

Translations generally agree on the meaning of the verse, conveying God's command to Ezekiel regarding mourning.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse is structured around a series of commands directed at Ezekiel, with the main verb being הֵאָנֵ֣ק׀, groan. This imperative verb governs the subsequent actions Ezekiel is instructed to take, creating a series of imperatives that build on one another.

The commands follow a clear sequence: first, to groan quietly, then to refrain from mourning, followed by instructions on attire and actions that signify a rejection of traditional mourning practices. This structure emphasizes the weight of Ezekiel's prophetic role and the seriousness of the message he is to convey.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates הֵאָנֵ֣ק׀ as στεναγμὸς, which means 'sighing' or 'groaning'. This choice reflects a similar concept of expressing sorrow but may imply a more subdued or internalized form of grief compared to the Hebrew.

The translation choice indicates a narrowing of the expression of grief, focusing on the internal aspect rather than the external display, aligning with the overall message of restraint in mourning.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 24:17 gives God's command to Ezekiel to groan quietly without mourning publicly for his wife. He is instructed to wear his turban and sandals, and not to cover his lips or eat the food of mourners. This reflects a unique situation where Ezekiel's actions are meant to communicate a message to the people of Israel.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Why does God instruct Ezekiel not to mourn for his wife?

God's command reflects the seriousness of the message Ezekiel is to convey to Israel, showing that his personal grief must be restrained to fulfill his prophetic role.

What does the turban and sandals symbolize in this context?

The turban and sandals represent readiness and dignity, indicating that Ezekiel must continue his prophetic duties despite personal loss.

How does this verse relate to the broader themes in Ezekiel?

This verse illustrates the theme of prophetic actions reflecting God's messages, emphasizing that personal experiences can serve as symbols for the community.

What is the significance of not eating the bread of mourners?

Not eating the bread of mourners signifies a rejection of traditional mourning practices, reinforcing Ezekiel's role as a prophet who must convey God's message without distraction.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways can I demonstrate restraint in my own expressions of grief?
  2. How can I ensure that my actions align with my responsibilities, even in difficult times?
  3. What does it mean to me to embody a message or role in my community?
  4. How can I support others who are grieving while also respecting their need for space?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 24:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Forbear to cry,.... Groan or howl, or make any doleful noise: or, "be silent" (x): which the Talmudists (y) interpret of not greeting any person: make no mourning for the dead; use none of those

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 24 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Forbear to cry, make no mourning for the dead, bind the tire of thine head upon thee, and put on thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thy lips, and eat not the bread of men.

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 24 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Forbear to cry; restrain and curb thy sorrows, neither sigh nor lament. Make no mourning for the dead; when thou carriest her out to burial, make no mourning for her. Bind the tire of thine head; adorn and trim up thy head, as thou wast used to do; go not bare-headed, as 21:10, a mourner. Put on thy shoes upon thy feet: in great mournings the Jews went bare-looted, , but do not thou so, put on thy shoes. Cover not thy lips: it was a custom among them to cover either the upper lip, or mustaches, as the leper did, , and as ; and this also is forbidden the prophet. Eat not the bread of men; either of mourners, or rather of thy neighbours and friends, who were wont to visit and feast their…

Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 24 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 24:17 Forbear to cry, make no mourning for the dead, bind the tire of thine head upon thee, and put on thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not [thy] lips, and eat not the bread of men.Ver. 17. Forbear to cry.] Heb., Be silent, and so suffocate thy sorrows; Ne plangas, ne plores. Not as if the dead were not to be lamented - tears are the dues of the dead, Mors mea ne careat lachrymis - or that it were unbeseeming a prophet to bewail his dead comfort, but to set forth by this figure the greatness of their ensuing sorrow, bigger than any tears; for, Curae leves loquuntur ingentes stupent. Bind the tire of thy head upon thee.] Mourners, it seems, used to go bare headed and bare footed…

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 24 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(17) The tire of thine head.—This might be either the covering for the head usually worn by the people (see Ezekiel 24:23), or the special “mitre of fine linen” (Exodus 39:28) provided for the priests; but as the peculiar priestly garments were worn only when the priests were on duty within the tabernacle (Leviticus 6:10-11), it is not likely that Ezekiel used them in his captivity. The priests were expressly allowed to mourn for their nearest relations (Leviticus 21:2-3), and Ezekiel is therefore here made an exception. Among the ordinary signs of mourning was the covering of the head (2 Samuel 15:30; Jeremiah 14:3), the sprinkling of dust upon it (Ezekiel 27:30; 1 Samuel 4:12; 2 Samuel…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezekiel 24 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 17. Make no mourning] As a priest, he could make no public mourning, Leviticus 21:1, c. Bind the tire of thine head] This seems to refer to the high priest's bonnet or perhaps, one worn by the ordinary priests: it might have been a black veil to cover the head. Put on thy shoes upon thy feet] Walking barefoot was a sign of grief. Cover not thy lips] Mourners covered the under part of the face, from the nose to the bottom of the chin. Eat not the bread of men.] לחם אנשים lechem anashim, "the bread of miserable men," i.e., mourners; probably, the funeral banquet.

Read AdamClarke on Ezekiel 24 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

17. Forbear to cry] sigh in silence; lit. sigh, be silent. mourning for the dead] Another order was to be expected; two accus. must be assumed. the tire of thine head] The “tire” is not necessarily the priestly tiara, but the ordinary headdress (Ezekiel 24:23), which would probably be white. Putting off the shoes was a sign of calamity, 2 Samuel 15:31, and also covering the lower part of the face up to the upper lip. Micah 3:7; Leviticus 13:45. the bread of men] Jeremiah 16:7, “Neither shall men break bread for them to comfort them for the dead, neither shall men give them the cup of consolation to drink for their father or for their mother.”

Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 24 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

17. Forbear to cry — R.V., “sigh, but not aloud.” There could be no funeral dirge, as is so common in all oriental countries, nor were even the universal outward expressions of sorrow in dress

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 24 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Groan quietly; do not mourn for the dead. Put on your turban and strap your sandals on your feet; do not cover your lips or eat the bread of mourners.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Sigh, but not aloud. Make no mourning for the dead. Bind your headdress on you, and put your sandals on your feet. Don’t cover your lips, and don’t eat mourner’s bread.”

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Groan quietly; do not mourn for the dead. Put on your turban and strap your sandals on your feet; do not cover your lips or eat the bread of mourners.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

Groan in silence for the dead, but do not perform mourning rites. Bind on your turban and put your sandals on your feet. Do not cover your lip and do not eat food brought by others.”

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Forbear to cry, make no mourning for the dead, bind the tire of thine head upon thee, and put on thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thy lips, and eat not the bread of men.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Sigh, but not aloud, make no mourning for the dead; bind thy headtire upon thee, and put thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thy lips, and eat not the bread of men.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Sigh, but not aloud; make no mourning for the dead, bind thy headtire upon thee, and put thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thy lips, and eat not the bread of men.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Forbear to cry, make no mourning for the dead, bind the tire of thy head upon thee, and put on thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thy lips, and eat not the bread of men.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Cease from sighing: make no mourning for the dead, and binde the tyre of thine head vpon thee, and put on thy shooes vpon thy feete, and couer not thy lips, and eate not the bread of men.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Sigh in silence, make no mourning for the dead; bind thy turban upon thee, and put thy sandals upon thy feet, and cover not the beard, and eat not the bread of men.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Cease to groan, [for] the dead thou dost make no mourning, thy bonnet bind on thee, and thy shoes thou dost put on thy feet, and thou dost not cover over the upper lip, and bread of men thou dost not eat.'

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Cease to groan [and] make no mourning [for] the dead, bind your headdress on yourself, and put your shoes on your feet, and you do not cover over the upper lip, and you do not eat [the] bread of men.”

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Sigh in silence, make no mourning for the deceased, thy bonnet bind around thy head, and thy shoes put on thy feet, and cover not thyself to thy upper lip, and eat not the bread of [other] men.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

You must groan silently. Do not conduct a funeral for the dead. Tie your turban on you and place your sandals on your feet, but do not veil your facial hair or eat the bread of men who mourn for having lost their wives.”

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Sigh in silence, make no mourning for the dead: let the tire of thy head be upon thee, and thy shoes on thy feet, and cover not thy face, nor eat the meat of mourners.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Mourn in silence. Don't have any rituals for the dead. Dress normally—have your turban on and put your sandals on your feet. Don't veil your face and don't eat the bread used by mourners.”

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Let there be no sound of sorrow; make no weeping for your dead, put on your head-dress and your shoes on your feet, let not your lips be covered, and do not take the food of those in grief.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseverbהֵאָנֵ֣קgroaningclauseverbדֹּ֗םbe.silentclauseclauseמֵתִים֙dead.[people]clauseobjectאֵ֣בֶלmourningadverbialלֹֽאnotverbתַֽעֲשֶׂ֔הyou.must.doclausenoun phrase · objectפְאֵֽרְturbanךָ֙yourverbחֲב֣וֹשׁbindprepositional phrase · prepositionalעָלֶ֔יonךָyouוּandclausenoun phrase · objectנְעָלֶ֖יsandalsךָyourverbתָּשִׂ֣יםyou.will.putprepositional phrase · prepositionalבְּonnoun phraseרַגְלֶ֑יfeetךָyourוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֤אnotverbתַעְטֶה֙you.must.coverprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַלoverשָׂפָ֔םa.moustacheוְandclausenoun phrase · objectלֶ֥חֶםfoodאֲנָשִׁ֖יםof.peopleadverbialלֹ֥אnotverbתֹאכֵֽלyou.must.eat

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for this verse, with 19 of the 20 words matched. This indicates a strong consistency in the transmission of this text across different traditions.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הֵאָנֵ֣ק׀ דֹּ֗ם מֵתִים֙ אֵ֣בֶל לֹֽא־ תַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה פְאֵֽרְךָ֙ חֲב֣וֹשׁ עָלֶ֔יךָ וּנְעָלֶ֖יךָ תָּשִׂ֣ים בְּרַגְלֶ֑יךָ וְלֹ֤א תַעְטֶה֙ עַל־ שָׂפָ֔ם וְלֶ֥חֶם אֲנָשִׁ֖ים לֹ֥א תֹאכֵֽל׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
הֵאָנֵ֣ק׀στεναγμὸςדֹּ֗םαἵματοςמֵתִים֙ὀσφύοςאֵ֣בֶלπένθουςלֹֽא־οὐκתַֽעֲשֶׂ֔הἔσταιפְאֵֽרְךָ֙σουחֲב֣וֹשׁσυμπεπλεγμένονעָלֶ֔יךָσὲוּנְעָלֶ֖יךָσουבְּרַגְלֶ֑יךָσουוְלֹ֤אμὴתַעְטֶה֙παρακληθῇςעַל־ἐνשָׂפָ֔םξείλεσινוְלֶ֥חֶםἄρτονאֲנָשִׁ֖יםἀνδρῶνלֹ֥אοὐתֹאכֵֽל׃φάγῃς

19 of the 20 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezekiel 24:17אָנַקgroaninggroaningאָנַקדָּמַםbe silentbe silentדָּמַםמוּתdead [peopldead [people]מוּתאֵ֫בֶלmourningmourningאֵ֫בֶללֹאnotnotלֹאעָשָׂהyou must doyou must doעָשָׂהפְּאֵרturban yourturban yourפְּאֵרחָבַשׁbindbindחָבַשׁעַלon youon youעַלנַ֫עַלand sandalsand sandals youנַ֫עַלשׂוּםyou will puyou will putשׂוּםרֶ֫גֶלon feet youon feet yourרֶ֫גֶללֹאand notand notלֹאעָטָהyou must coyou must coverעָטָהעַלoveroverעַלשָׂפָםa moustachea moustacheשָׂפָםלֶ֫חֶםand food ofand food ofלֶ֫חֶםאֱנוֹשׁpeoplepeopleאֱנוֹשׁלֹאnotnotלֹאאָכַלyou must eayou must eatאָכַלאָבַלto mournto mournאָבַלפָּאַרto beautifto beautifyפָּאַרעַלheightheightעַלנָעַלto lockto lockנָעַלרָגַלto spyto spyרָגַלשָׂפָהlipslipsשָׂפָהלָחַםto fightto fightלָחַםאָנַשׁbe incurabbe incurableאָנַשׁדָּהַםto astonisto astonishדָּהַםדָּמָהto ceaseto ceaseדָּמָהיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּרכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּאחָלָלslain: kilslain: killedחָלָלכֹּלallallכֹּלשֶׁ֫מֶשׁsunsunשֶׁ֫מֶשׁעֵתtimetimeעֵת
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 24:17

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
הֵאָנֵ֣ק׀he.'a.Nek groaning H602 Verb · Niphal · imperative second person masculine singular
4× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To groan means to cry out in pain or lament, as seen in the Bible where people express sorrow and grief. It involves making a loud, sorrowful sound.
Amplified meaning
sigh, mourn in silence
Tyndale gloss
to groan
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָנַק (anaq) is a primitive root meaning to cry or groan. It encompasses the actions of lamenting and making a cry, with specific forms noted in the Qal and Niphal stems. The entries consistently focus on expressions of sorrow or distress.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָנַק] vb. cry, groan

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H602 אָנַק

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

602 'anaq aw-nak'

a primitive root; to shriek:--cry, groan.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָנַק (a.naq) — to groan.

1) to cry, groan

1a) (Qal) to cry, lament

1b) (Niphal) to make lamentation

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Impv-2ms — Verb · Niphal · imperative second person masculine singular
HVNv2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
דֹּ֗םDom be silent H1826 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine singular
30× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this verb means to wail or mourn, often in response to a tragic event, like in Job 30:31 where Job laments his suffering. It can also mean to be astonished or stop an activity.
Tyndale gloss
to silence: stationary
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דָּמַם (damam) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning to be silent or still, with implications of astonishment or cessation. It can also convey the idea of perishing or being destroyed. The word appears in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, Poal, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of silence and stillness. Notably, it is associated with wailing in Isaiah 23:2.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[דָּמַם] vb. be or grow dumb, silent, still

Qal

be silent

be still (opp. to both speech and motion)

be struck dumb, astounded

Niph. be made silent, i.e. destroyed

Po. ‘composed and quieted my soul’

Hiph. he (God) hath silenced us (= caused us to perish)

base

[דָּמַם] vb. wail—Is 23:2

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1826a דָּמַם be or grow dumb, silent, still H1826b דָּמַם wail

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1826 damam daw-man'

a prim root (compare 1724, 1820); to be dumb; by implication,

to be astonished, to stop; also to perish:--cease, be cut down

(off), forbear, hold peace, quiet self, rest, be silent, keep

(put to) silence, be (stand) still, tarry, wait.

see HEBREW for 01724

see HEBREW for 01820

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דָּמַם (da.mam) — to silence: stationary.

: stationary

1) to be silent, be still, wait, be dumb, grow dumb

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be silent

1a2) to be still, die

1a3) to be struck dumb

1b) (Niphal) to be silenced, be made silent, destroyed

1c) (Poal) to make quiet

1d) (Hiphil) to make silent (cause to die)

דָּמַם (da.mam) — to wail.

wail

דָּמַם (da.mam) — to silence: silent.

: silent

1) to be silent, be still, wait, be dumb, grow dumb

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be silent

1a2) to be still, die

1a3) to be struck dumb

1b) (Niphal) to be silenced, be made silent, destroyed

1c) (Poal) to make quiet

1d) (Hiphil) to make silent (cause to die)

דָּמַם (da.mam) — to silence: destroyed.

: destroyed

1) to be silent, be still, wait, be dumb, grow dumb

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be silent

1a2) to be still, die

1a3) to be struck dumb

1b) (Niphal) to be silenced, be made silent, destroyed

1c) (Poal) to make quiet

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine singular
HVqv2ms
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
מֵתִים֙me.Tim dead [people] H4191 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural
840× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to die, either literally or as a punishment, and is used in books like Genesis and Exodus. It can also mean to perish or be killed. This concept is seen in the story of Adam and Eve, where death enters the world as a result of sin.
Amplified meaning
those who have died, the deceased
Tyndale gloss
to die
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מוּת (mūth) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to die' or 'to kill.' It encompasses a range of meanings from dying naturally to being executed as a penalty. The word can refer to both humans and animals, and it includes various forms such as causing death or being killed. There is a distinction in usage based on the subject, whether it is a person or God inflicting death.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מוּת vb. die

Qal

die, of natural or other causes

die as a penalty = be put to death

Po‛lel. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)

Hiph.

abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man

subj. God, by inflicting penalty

of animals killing men

bring to a premature death

Hoph. be killed, put to death

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4191 מוּת die .. die, of natural or other causes

. die as a penalty = be put to death

. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)

. . abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man

. subj. God, by inflicting penalty

. of animals killing men

. bring to a premature death

. be killed, put to death

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4191 muwth mooth

a primitive root: to die (literally or figuratively);

causatively, to kill:--X at all, X crying, (be) dead (body,

man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to,

be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), X must needs,

slay, X surely, X very suddenly, X in (no) wise.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מוּת (mut) — to die.

1) to die, kill, have one executed

1a)(Qal)

1a1) to die

1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death

1a3) to die, perish (of a nation)

1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct)

1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch

1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death

1d) (Hophal)

1d1) to be killed, be put to death

1d1a) to die prematurely

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural
HVqrmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Raised to life, (see Heb 11:35

→ INSTANCES OF

The son of the widow of Zarephath 1Ki 17:17-23

The Shunammite woman's son 2Ki 4:32-37

The young man laid in Elisha's grave 2Ki 13:21

The widow's son Lu 7:12-15

Jairus' daughter Lu 8:49-55

Lazarus Joh 11:43,44

Dorcas Ac 9:37-40

Eutychus Ac 20:9-12

Prepared for burial by washing Ac 9:37

groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
אֵ֣בֶל'E.vel mourning H60 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
24× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Mourning refers to the act of grieving or lamenting, often for someone who has died, like the mourning of the Israelites after the death of Moses in Deuteronomy 34.
Amplified meaning
refrain from lamenting, cease wailing
Tyndale gloss
mourning
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵ֫בֶל (ebel) means mourning, particularly in the context of grief for the dead. It encompasses various aspects of mourning, including rites, mourning attire, and the period associated with mourning. The word is derived from a root meaning lamentation.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵ֫בֶל n.m. mourning

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H60 אֵ֫בֶל mourning

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

60 'ebel ay'-bel

from 56; lamentation:--mourning.

see HEBREW for 056

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵ֫בֶל (e.vel) — mourning.

1) mourning

1a) for the dead

1b) for rites of mourning (metaph)

1c) mourning garb

1d) period of mourning

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

morn'-ing.

See BURIAL; GRIEF.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

One marked feature of Oriental mourning is what may be called its studies publicity and the careful observance of the prescribed ceremonies. (Genesis 23:2; Job 1:20; 2:12) Among the particular forms observed the following may be mentioned: (a) Rending the clothes. (Genesis 37:29,34; 44:13) etc. (b) Dressing in sackcloth. (Genesis 37:34; 2 Samuel 3:31; 21:10) etc. (c) Ashes, dust or earth sprinkled on the person. (2 Samuel 13:19; 15:32) etc. (d) Black or sad-colored garments. (2 Samuel 14:2;

The Hebrews, at the death of their friends and relations, made striking demonstrations of grief and mourning. They wept, tore their clothes, smote their breasts, threw dust upon their heads, Jos 7:6, and lay upon the ground, went barefooted, pulled their hair and beards, or cut them, Ezr 9:3 Isa 15:2, and made incisions on their breasts, or tore them with their nails, Le 19:28 21:5 Jer 16:6 48:37. The time of mourning was commonly seven days, 1Sa 31:11-13; but it was lengthened or shortened according to circumstances,

→ For the dead

Head uncovered Le 10:6; 21:10

Lying on the ground 2Sa 12:16

Personal appearance neglected 2Sa 14:2

Cutting the flesh Le 19:28; 21:1-5; De 14:1; Jer 16:6,7; 41:5

groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
לֹֽא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
תַֽעֲשֶׂ֔הta.'a.Seh you must do H6213 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
2,629× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Tyndale gloss
to make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make

Qal 2524

do (1560 t.)

deal with

oft. in phr. do kindness with

abs. act, act with effect

make (670 t.)

produce, yield

prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

make offering

attend to, put in order

observe, celebrate, religious festival

acquire property of various kinds

appoint priests

bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

use

spend, pass, days of life

Niph.

97be done

be made, of concr. things

be produced from vine

be prepared, of food

be offered

be observed, passover

be used

Pu. I was made

base

[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)

. deal with

. oft. in phr. do kindness with

. abs. act, act with effect

. . make (670 + t.)

. produce, yield

. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

. make offering

. attend to, put in order

. observe, celebrate, religious festival

. acquire property of various kinds

. appoint priests

. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

. use

. spend, pass, days of life

. . be done

. . be made, of concr. things

. be produced from vine

. be prepared, of food

. be offered

. be observed, passover

. be used

. I was made

H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6213 `asah aw-saw'

a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and

widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,

appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,

bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal

(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)

execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +

finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go

about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X

indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,

make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,

bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,

provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,

spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be

(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.

: do/perform

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

1a2c) to prepare

1a2d) to make (an offering)

1a2e) to attend to, put in order

1a2f) to observe, celebrate

1a2g) to acquire (property)

1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute

1a2i) to bring about

1a2j) to use

1a2k) to spend, pass

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be done

1b2) to be made

1b3) to be produced

1b4) to be offered

1b5) to be observed

1b6) to be used

1c) (Pual) to be made

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.

(Piel) to press, squeeze

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.

: make(OBJECT)

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqi2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVqi2ms
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
פְאֵֽרְךָ֙fe.'e.re.Kha turban your H6287 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This noun refers to a fancy head-dress or ornament, like a turban or bonnet. It is used in the Bible to describe decorative clothing. In the KJV, it is translated as 'beauty' or 'ornament'.
Amplified meaning
headdress, head-dress
Tyndale gloss
headdress
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פְּאֵר (pe'er) refers to a head-dress or turban, possibly originating from an ornamental item. The term is associated with embellishments and beauty, suggesting a decorative function. It is derived from a related root, פָּאַר (pa'ar), which also pertains to adornment.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פְּאֵר n.m. head-dress, turban (? orig. ornament)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6287 פְּאֵר head-dress, turban (? orig. ornament)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6287 p'er peh-ayr'

from 6286; an embellishment, i.e. fancy head-dress:--beauty,

bonnet, goodly, ornament, tire.

see HEBREW for 06286

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פְּאֵר (pe.er) — headdress.

head-dress, ornament, turban

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
חֲב֣וֹשׁcha.Vo.osh bind H2280 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine singular
33× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to tie or bind something firmly, like a turban or a saddle. It is also used figuratively to mean stopping or ruling something. In 1 Kings 20:12, it describes the binding of a wound.
Tyndale gloss
to saddle/tie
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָבַשׁ (chabash) is a Hebrew verb meaning to bind, tie, or saddle. It covers a range of actions from physically binding something up to metaphorically governing or restraining. The word appears in various forms, including Qal (to bind) and Piel (to restrain). The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to binding and governance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָבַשׁ] vb. bind, bind on, bind up

Qal

bind, bind on

bind up

Pi. bind, restrain

Pu. be bound up

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2280 חָבַשׁ bind, bind on, bind up

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2280 chabash khaw-bash'

a primitive root; to wrap firmly (especially a turban,

compress, or saddle); figuratively, to stop, to rule:--bind

(up), gird about, govern, healer, put, saddle, wrap about.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָבַשׁ (cha.vash) — to saddle/tie.

1) to tie, bind, bind on, bind up, saddle, restrain, bandage, govern

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to bind, bind on

1a2) to bind up

1b) (Piel) to bind, restrain

1c) (Pual) to be bound up

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine singular
HVqv2ms
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
עָלֶ֔יךָ'a.Lei.kha on you H5921 Preposition · suffix
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
וּנְעָלֶ֖יךָu.ne.'a.Lei.kha and sandals your H5275 Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
22× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A sandal or shoe in biblical times, as mentioned in Exodus 12:11 and Deuteronomy 25:9. It was a symbol of ownership or marriage, and removing a sandal could signify refusal or separation, as seen in Ruth 4:7-8.
Amplified meaning
shoes, footwear
Tyndale gloss
sandal
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נַ֫עַל (na`al) refers to a sandal or shoe, derived from a root meaning related to a sandal tongue. The term can also symbolize occupancy, a refusal to marry, or something of little value. It appears in contexts discussing footwear, as noted in the Brown-Driver-Briggs and Strong's entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נַ֫עַל n.f. sandal, shoe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5275 נַ֫עַל sandal, shoe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5275 na`al nah'-al

or (feminine) na;alah {nah-al-aw'}; from 5274; properly, a

sandal tongue; by extens. a sandal or slipper (sometimes as a

symbol of occupancy, a refusal to marry, or of something

valueless):--dryshod, (pair of) shoe((-latchet), -s).

see HEBREW for 05274

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נַ֫עַל (na.al) — sandal.

sandal, shoe

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HC/Ncmpc/Sp2ms
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
תָּשִׂ֣יםta.Sim you will put H7760 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
585× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to put or place something, and is used in many different ways in the Bible, such as to appoint or determine something. It is first used in Genesis to describe God's creation. In the KJV, it is translated as 'appoint' or 'set' in various contexts.
Tyndale gloss
to set: make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שׂוּם (sum) is a verb meaning to put, place, or set, with a wide range of applications including appointing, establishing, and making. It can also refer to laying something upon or directing it. There is a related noun שׂוּמָה (sumah), which may denote a token of unluckiness. The entries do not present any significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שׂוּם, שִׂים 582 vb. put, place, set

Qal

put, set, in a place

put something upon

put, lay, set

put, c. בֵּין

set, direct

set, ordain, in a place

set, establish a law, statute

set, found a nation

set, appoint (as ruler, official)

set, constitute, make

set, determine, fix, bounds

set, station, at a post

put in position, sacred bread, sword, staves, bars

set up altars

= plant, wheat

set, fix (countenance)

make a thing, or pers. (acc.), for, transform into

make, constitute

work, bring to pass

appoint, give

set, fix (countenance)

Hiph. I will make him for a sign

Hoph. there was set before him

base

שׂוּמָה perhaps n. f. token of unluckiness, scowl;—2 S 13:32

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7760a שׂוּם, שִׂים put, place, set .. . put, set, in a place

. put something upon

. put, lay, set

. put, c. בֵּין

. set, direct

. . set, ordain, in a place

. set, establish a law, statute

. set, found a nation

. set, appoint (as ruler, official)

. set, constitute, make

. set, determine, fix, bounds

. . set, station, at a post

. put in position, sacred bread, sword, staves, bars

. set up altars

. = plant, wheat

. set, fix (countenance)

. . make a thing, or pers. (acc.), for, transform into

. make, constitute

. work, bring to pass

. appoint, give

. set, fix (countenance)

. I will make him for a sign

. there was set before him

H7760b שׂוּמָה perhaps n. f. token of unluckiness, scowl

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7760 suwm soom

or siym {seem}; a primitive root; to put (used in a great

variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially,

and elliptically):--X any wise, appoint, bring, call (a

name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider,

convey, determine, + disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap

up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out),

mark, + name, X on, ordain, order, + paint, place, preserve,

purpose, put (on), + regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set

(on, up), shew, + stedfastly, take, X tell, + tread down,

((over-))turn, X wholly, work.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שׂוּם (sum) — to set: make.

: make/establish

1) to put, place, set, appoint, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on

1a2) to set, direct, direct toward

1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)

1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix

1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix

1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion, work, bring to pass, appoint, give

1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign

1c) (Hophal) to be set

שׂוּמָה (su.mah) — fate.

token of unluckiness, scowl

שׂוּם (sum) — to set: put.

: put/give

1) to put, place, set, appoint, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on

1a2) to set, direct, direct toward

1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)

1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVqi2ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

put (puT; Phoud, in Genesis and Chronicles, variant for Genesis Phout, for Chronicles, Phouth):

1. Renderings:

In consequence of the identification at the time, the prophets have "Libya" (Libues), except Nab 3:9, where the Greek renders the word as phuge, "flight." The Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) has "Phut," "Phuth," and in the Prophets "Libyes" and "Libya"; the King James Version "Phut."

2. Son of Ham:

In the "Table of Nations" Put is the third son of Ham (Ge 10:6), the first and second being Cush and Misraim, and the fourth Canaan. Put is the only one of the sons of Ham who is not credited with descendants.

3. As Nationality:

In the Prophets, warriors from Put are referred to, principally in connection with the forces of Egypt. They appear as shield-bearers (Jer 46:9

Smith's Bible Dictionary
Nave's Topical Bible

→ See PHUT

groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
בְּרַגְלֶ֑יךָbe.rag.Lei.kha on feet your H7272 Preposition · noun common feminine dual construct · suffix
247× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word also means a foot, like when God says he will tread on the wicked in Malachi 4:3. It's used to describe human and animal feet, as well as the base of objects like tables or idols.
Tyndale gloss
foot
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֶ֫גֶל (regel) means 'foot' and can refer to a foot or leg in various contexts, including anthropomorphic references to God and other beings. It also implies steps or paces. The word is derived from a root meaning related to walking, and it appears in multiple forms, such as feet and paces.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֶ֫גֶל 247 n.f. foot

foot

three times (feet, paces)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7272 רֶ֫גֶל foot . foot

. three times (feet, paces)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7272 regel reh'-gel

from 7270; a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a

step; by euphem. the pudenda:--X be able to endure, X

according as, X after, X coming, X follow,

((broken-))foot((-ed, -stool)), X great toe, X haunt, X

journey, leg, + piss, + possession, time.

see HEBREW for 07270

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֶ֫גֶל (re.gel) — foot.

1) foot

1a) foot, leg

1b) of God (anthropomorphic)

1c) of seraphim, cherubim, idols, animals, table

1d) according to the pace of (with prep)

1e) three times (feet, paces)

Aramaic equivalent: re.gal (רְגַל "foot" H7271)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-fd | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine dual construct · suffix
HR/Ncfdc/Sp2ms
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
וְלֹ֤אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
תַעְטֶה֙ta'.Teh you must cover H5844 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to grasp or cover something, like wrapping oneself in a cloak. It is used in Exodus 28:42 to describe the clothing of the priests. It can also mean to turn aside or change direction.
Amplified meaning
veil, enwrap
Tyndale gloss
to enwrap
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָטָה (atah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to wrap, enwrap, or cover oneself. It can also mean to grasp. The entries indicate that in the Qal form, it refers to actions like wrapping or enveloping, while the Hiphil form involves covering someone with shame. The word appears in contexts related to mourning and physical covering.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָטָה vb. wrap oneself, enwrap, envelop oneself

Qal

wrap, envelop oneself with sthg.

Hiph. thou hast wrapped shame upon him

base

[עָטָה] vb. grasp;—Qal Is 22:17

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5844a עָטָה wrap oneself, enwrap, envelop oneself H5844b עָטָה grasp

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5844 `atah aw-taw'

a primitive root; to wrap, i.e. cover, veil, cloth, or

roll:--array self, be clad, (put a) cover (-ing, self), fill,

put on, X surely, turn aside.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָטָה (a.tah) — to enwrap.

1) to cover, enwrap, wrap oneself, envelop oneself

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to wrap, envelop oneself

1a2) to cover (the beard in mourning)

1a3) mourner, one who covers (participle)

1b) (Hiphil) to cover, enwrap, envelop

עָטָה (a.tah) — to grasp.

1) to grasp

1a) (Qal) to grasp

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVqi2ms
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
עַל־'al- over H5921 Preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR — Preposition
HR
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
שָׂפָ֔םsa.Fam a moustache H8222 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A mustache or beard is a facial hair growth. In the Bible, it is sometimes used to describe a person's appearance or to symbolize age and wisdom.
Amplified meaning
mustache, upper lip
Tyndale gloss
mustache
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׂפָם (sapham) refers to a mustache or beard, specifically as a lip-piece. It is derived from the root word for 'beard' and is noted in various lexicons as relating to facial hair.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׂפָם n.[m.] moustache

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8222 שָׂפָם

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8222 sapham saw-fawm'

from 8193; the beard (as a lip-piece):--beard, (upper) lip.

see HEBREW for 08193

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׂפָם (sa.pham) — mustache.

moustache

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
וְלֶ֥חֶםve.Le.chem and food of H3899 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
298× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to food, especially bread or grain. It's used throughout the Bible to describe meals, sacrifices, and daily life, highlighting the importance of food in ancient Israelite culture.
Amplified meaning
food, grain
Tyndale gloss
food
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֶ֫חֶם (lechem) means bread or food, encompassing items like grain and provisions for both humans and animals. It is derived from a related root and is used in various contexts, particularly in the Old Testament. The entries consistently emphasize its primary association with bread, though they also acknowledge its broader meaning as food.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֶ֫חֶם 296 n.m. and (rarely) f. bread, food

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3899 לֶ֫חֶם bread, food

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3899 lechem lekh'-em

from 3898; food (for man or beast), especially bread, or

grain (for making it):--((shew-))bread, X eat, food, fruit,

loaf, meat, victuals. See also 1036.

see HEBREW for 03898

see HEBREW for 01036

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֶ֫חֶם (le.chem) — food.

: food(eating)

1) bread, food, grain

1a) bread

1a1) bread

1a2) bread-corn

1b) food (in general)

לֶ֫חֶם (le.chem) — food: bread.

: bread/loaf

1) bread, food, grain

1a) bread

1a1) bread

1a2) bread-corn

1b) food (in general)

לֶ֫חֶם (le.chem) — food: allowance.

: allowance

1) bread, food, grain

1a) bread

1a1) bread

1a2) bread-corn

1b) food (in general)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-cs — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
אֲנָשִׁ֖ים'a.na.Shim people H582 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
566× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Enosh refers to a human or mankind in general, used to describe individuals or people as a whole in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
human
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֱנוֹשׁ (enowsh) refers to man or mankind, often used in a poetic context. It denotes a mortal individual, distinguishing humans from more dignified terms for man. The word encompasses both singular and collective meanings, indicating people or persons in general. Its Aramaic equivalent is אֱנָשׁ (e.nash), also meaning 'man'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֱנוֹשׁ n.m. man, mankind, mostly poet.

of individ.

coll. men

man, mankind

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H582 אֱנוֹשׁ man, mankind, mostly poet.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

582 'enowsh en-oshe'

from 605; properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the

more dignified 120); hence, a man in general (singly or

collectively):--another, X (blood-)thirsty, certain,

chap(-man); divers, fellow, X in the flower of their age,

husband, (certain, mortal) man, people, person, servant, some

( X of them), + stranger, those, + their trade. It is often

unexpressed in the English versions, especially when used in

apposition with another word . Compare 376.

see HEBREW for 0605

see HEBREW for 0120

see HEBREW for 0376

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֱנוֹשׁ (e.nosh) — human.

1) man, mortal man, person, mankind

1a) of an individual

1b) men (collective)

1c) man, mankind

Aramaic equivalent: e.nash (אֱנָשׁ "man" H0606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmpa — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
לֹ֥אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTn — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
groaning be silent dead [people] mourning not you must do turban your bind on you and sandals your you will put on feet your and not you must cover over a moustache and food of people not you must eat
תֹאכֵֽל׃to.Khel you must eat H398 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
810× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Tyndale gloss
to eat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָכַל 806 vb. eat

Qal

eat, human subject

of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

fig. of fire, devour, consume

of sword, devour, slay

in genl., devour, consume, destroy

fig. of oppression, devour the poor

Niph.

be eaten by man

be devoured by fire, consumed

be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

Pu. be consumed

Hiph.

cause to eat, feed with

cause to devoure, obj. sword

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject

. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

. fig. of fire, devour, consume

. of sword, devour, slay

. in genl., devour, consume, destroy

. fig. of oppression, devour the poor

. . be eaten by man

. be devoured by fire, consumed

. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

. be consumed

. . cause to eat, feed with

. cause to devoure, obj. sword

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

398 'akal aw-kal'

a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at

all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),

feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)

meat, X quite.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.

1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to eat (human subject)

1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)

1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)

1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)

1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)

1a6) to devour (of oppression)

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be eaten (by men)

1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)

1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)

1c) (Pual)

1c1) to cause to eat, feed with

1c2) to cause to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to feed

1d2) to cause to eat

1e) (Piel)

1e1) consume

Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVqi2ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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