Deuteronomy 15:3 — Word Study
WLCאֶת־ הַנָּכְרִ֖י תִּגֹּ֑שׂ וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ אֶת־ אָחִ֖יךָ תַּשְׁמֵ֥ט יָדֶֽךָ׃
BSAYou may collectnâgas▸ [exact, require payment] something from a foreignernokrîy [stranger, non-Israelite] but you must forgiveshâmaṭ▸ [release, let go of] whateverʼăsher your brotherʼâch [fellow Israelite, close relative] oweshâyâh▸
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| הַנָּכְרִ֖י | the foreigner | Particle |
| תִּגֹּ֑שׂ | you will press | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine singular |
| וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר | and [that] which | Conjunction, particle |
| יִהְיֶ֥ה | it will belong | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| לְךָ֛ | to you | Preposition, suffix |
| אֶת־ | with | Preposition |
| אָחִ֖יךָ | countryman your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| תַּשְׁמֵ֥ט | let it release | Verb, Hiphil, jussive third person feminine singular |
| יָדֶֽךָ׃ | hand your | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | You may collect something from a foreigner, but you must forgive whatever your brother owes you. |
| KJV | Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release; |
| ASV | Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it: but whatsoever of thine is with thy brother thy hand shall release. |
| YLT | of the stranger thou mayest exact, and that which is thine with thy brother doth thy hand release; |
| WEB | Of a foreigner you may require it; but whatever of yours is with your brother, your hand shall release. |
| BBE | A man of another nation may be forced to make payment of his debt, but if your brother has anything of yours, let it go; |
Where they part company is תִּגֹּ֑שׂ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence structure presents a clear contrast between the treatment of debts owed by a foreigner versus those owed by a fellow Israelite.





6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbנָגַשׂ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Deuteronomy 15:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Laws on Debt Forgivenessgenerated
Deuteronomy 15:3 provides guidance on how debts should be handled within the Israelite community, specifically emphasizing that while debts owed by foreigners may be collected, those owed by fellow Israelites must be forgiven. This reflects a broader theme of compassion and community responsibility in the laws given to the Israelites.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deuteronomy 23:20 | You may charge a foreigner interest, but not your brother, so that the LORD your God may bless you in everything to which you put your hand in the land that you are entering to possess. |
| 2 | Exodus 22:25 | If you lend money to one of My people among you who is poor, you must not act as a creditor to him; you are not to charge him interest. |
| 3 | Matthew 17:25–26 | “Yes,” he answered. When Peter entered the house, Jesus preempted him. “What do you think, Simon?” He asked. “From whom do the kings of the earth collect customs and taxes: from their own sons, or from others?” |
| 4 | John 8:35 | A slave is not a permanent member of the family, but a son belongs to it forever. |
| 5 | 1 Corinthians 6:6–7 | Instead, one brother goes to law against another, and this in front of unbelievers! |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תִּגֹּ֑שׂ, ti.Gosgenerated
The verb נָגַשׂ (nagas) means to press or oppress, and in this context, it refers to the act of exacting payment from a debtor. The parsing indicates it is in the imperfect tense, suggesting an ongoing or habitual action. This highlights the expectation that the Israelites may collect debts from foreigners.
The use of the second person masculine singular form indicates that the instruction is directed specifically to the individual reader or listener, making it a personal command regarding their actions towards others.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse has a main clause with two contrasting actions: תִּגֹּ֑שׂ describes the action toward the foreigner, while תַּשְׁמֵ֥ט describes the action toward the brother. The structure emphasizes the distinction between how debts are treated based on the identity of the debtor.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the actions required of the speaker, first stating what can be done with the foreigner before moving to the obligation towards the brother.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew נָגַשׂ is rendered as ἀπαιτήσεις (apaitēsēs), which carries the connotation of demanding or requiring payment. This choice suggests a more formal and legalistic approach to the act of collecting debts.
The Greek term ἀλλότριον for הַנָּכְרִ֖י indicates a focus on the otherness of the foreigner, reinforcing the distinction made in the Hebrew text between Israelites and non-Israelites.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Deuteronomy 15:3 instructs the Israelites that they can collect debts from foreigners but must forgive debts owed by their fellow Israelites. This reflects the importance of mercy and community responsibility in their laws.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To forgive a debt means to release the debtor from the obligation to pay what they owe, showing compassion and mercy.
This distinction emphasizes the importance of community and brotherhood among the Israelites, encouraging them to treat each other with kindness.
This verse reflects God's desire for justice and mercy within the community, promoting a caring and forgiving spirit among His people.
Yes, the principle of forgiving debts can be applied in modern contexts of financial hardship, encouraging compassion and support for those in need.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I show forgiveness to those who owe me, as instructed in this verse?
- How can understanding this principle of debt forgiveness impact my relationships with others?
- What are some practical steps I can take to support those in financial need in my community?
- How does this verse challenge my views on fairness and justice in financial matters?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Deuteronomy 15:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleOf a foreigner thou mayest exact it again,.... Either on the seventh year, or after it: but that which is thine with thy brother, thine hand shall release; a debt that lies between them, where the
Read John Gill on Deuteronomy 15 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryOf a foreigner thou mayest exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release; Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it.
Read Robert Jamieson on Deuteronomy 15 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleA foreigner, or stranger, yea, though a proselyte. For, 1. They are oft called by this name, as . 2. Though proselytes were admitted to the church privileges of the Israelites, yet they were not admitted to all their civil immunities or privileges. See . 3. Such were not then freed from their personal debt, to wit, of their service, , therefore not from their real debt. That which is thine, to wit, by right, though lent to him.
Read Matthew Poole on Deuteronomy 15 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsDeuteronomy 15:3 Of a foreigner thou mayest exact [it again]: but [that] which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release;Ver. 3. Of a foreigner.] To show that none that are alienated from the life of God, or a godly life, have remission of sin by Christ: "he sanctifies all whom he justifies." Compare Romans 11:26 Isaiah 59:20.
Read John Trapp on Deuteronomy 15 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. foreigner] nokrî distinct not only from neighbour- or brother-Israelite, but also from gçr the foreign client or settler in Israel (Deuteronomy 14:21).
Read Cambridge on Deuteronomy 15 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible3. Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it — There would be a reason for dealing in a different way with the foreigner. He did not observe the sabbatical year.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Deuteronomy 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
You may collect something from a foreigner, but you must forgive whatever your brother owes you.
Of a foreigner you may require it; but whatever of yours is with your brother, your hand shall release.
You may collect something from a foreigner, but you must forgive whatever your brother owes you.
You may exact payment from a foreigner, but whatever your fellow Israelite owes you, you must remit.
Tyndale line
Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release;
Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it: but whatsoever of thine is with thy brother thy hand shall release.
Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it: but whatsoever of thine is with thy brother thine hand shall release.
Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it again : but that which is thine with thy brother thy hand shall release:
Of a stranger thou mayest require it: but that which thou hast with thy brother, thine hand shall remit:
Strictly literal
Of the foreigner thou mayest demand it; but what is thine with thy brother thy hand shall release;
of the stranger thou mayest exact, and that which is thine with thy brother doth thy hand release;
of the stranger you may exact, but that which is yours with your brother your hand releases,
Of a foreigner thou mayest exact [payment]; but that which is thine with thy brother shall thy hand release.
From a foreigner you may demand it; but whatever of yours is with your brother your hand must release.
From the Latin
Of the foreigner or stranger thou mayst exact it: of thy countryman and neighbour thou shalt not have power to demand it again.
Simplified
You are allowed to collect payments from a foreigner, but you must cancel whatever your fellow Israelite owes you.
A man of another nation may be forced to make payment of his debt, but if your brother has anything of yours, let it go;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Samaritan Pentateuch, which agrees word for word. The Dead Sea Scrolls contain partial restoration, indicating some words were lost, but the essential meaning aligns with the Masoretic Text.
אֶת־ הַנָּכְרִ֖י תִּגֹּ֑שׂ וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ אֶת־ אָחִ֖יךָ תַּשְׁמֵ֥ט יָדֶֽךָ׃
7 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
את הנכרי תגשׂ ואשׁר יהיה לך את אחיך תשׁמט ידך
Agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word.
[את] [הנכרי] [תגש] [ואשר] יהיה ל׳ך את אחי׳ך [תשמט] [יד׳ך]
3 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Deuteronomy 15:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
נָכְרִי (nokriy) means foreign or alien, covering a range of meanings from a foreign person to something unfamiliar or strange. It can also refer specifically to a foreign woman or harlot. The word is built from a root that suggests strangeness in various contexts.
נָכְרִי adj. foreign, alien
base
H5237 נָכְרִי foreign, alien
5237 nokriy nok-ree'
from 5235 (second form); strange, in a variety of degrees and
applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different,
wonderful):--alien, foreigner, outlandish, strange(-r,
woman).
see HEBREW for 05235
נׇכְרִי (nokh.ri) — foreign.
1) foreign, alien
1a) foreign
1b) foreigner (subst)
1c) foreign woman, harlot
1d) unknown, unfamiliar (fig.)
Art | Adj — ParticleHTd/Aamsa
for'-in-er" The translation of nokhri, "unknown," "foreign," frequently rendered "stranger" (De 15:3; Ob 1:11); of toshabh, "a settler," "an alien resident" (Ex 12:45; the Revised Version (British and American) "sojourner"; compare Le 25:47; Ps 39:12); of paroikos, "dwelling near," "sojourner" (Eph 2:19, the Revised Version (British and American) sojourners").
Revised Version has "foreigner" for "stranger" (De 17:15; 23:20; 29:22; Ru 2:10;
Foreigner
A Gentile. Such as resided among the Hebrews were required by the law to be treated with kindness (Ex. 22:21; 23:9; Lev. 19:33, 34; 23:22; Deut. 14:28; 16:10, 11; 24:19). They enjoyed in many things equal rights with the native-born residents (Ex. 12:49; Lev. 24:22; Num. 15:15; 35:15), but were not allowed to do anything which was an abomination according to the Jewish law (Ex. 20:10; Lev. 17:15,16; 18:26; 20:2; 24:16, etc.).
→ FIGURATIVE Eph 2:19
See ALIENS
See GENTILES
See STRANGERS
The Hebrew word נָגַשׂ (nagas) is a primitive root meaning to press, drive, or oppress. It covers a range of actions including exacting tribute and tyrannizing others, with related forms indicating a driver or taskmaster. The Niphal form suggests being hard pressed, often in contexts of suffering or oppression.
[נָגַשׂ] vb. press, drive, oppress, exact
Qal
press, drive to work
exact
Pt. (= subst.) driver, taskmaster
Niph. hard pressed by enemy; treated harshly of suffering servant of י׳; recipr. tyrannize over each other
base
H5065 נָגַשׂ press, drive, oppress, exact .. press, drive to work
. exact
. Pt. (= subst.) driver, taskmaster
. hard pressed by enemy; treated harshly of suffering servant of י׳; recipr. tyrannize over each other
5065 nagas naw-gas'
a primitive root; to drive (an animal, a workman, a debtor,
an army); by implication, to tax, harass,
tyrannize:--distress, driver, exact(-or), oppress(-or), X
raiser of taxes, taskmaster.
נָגַשׂ (na.ga.s) — to oppress.
1) to press, drive, oppress, exact, exert demanding pressure
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to press, drive
1a2) to exact
1a3) driver, taskmaster, ruler, oppressor, tyrant, lord, exactor of tribute (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to be hard pressed
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singularHVqi2ms
pres: As a verb is used in the Revised Version (British and American) as a translation of no less than 13 Greek and Hebrew words (rather more in the King James Version). All the Revised Version (British and American) uses are modern. In the King James Version may be noted The Wisdom of Solomon 17:11, "pressed with conscience" (the Revised Version (British and American) "pressed hard by"); 2 Macc 14:9, "pressed on every side" (the Revised Version (British and American) "surrounded by foes"); Ac 18:5, "pressed in the spirit" (the Revised Version (British and American) "constrained by"). As a noun, the King James Version uses "press" in Mr 2:4 for ochlos, "crowd" (so the Revised Version (British and American)). For wine press see VINE; WINE.
Not only the vat in which the juice was trodden out from the grapes, but in some cases the whole place for the reception of wine, grapes, and orchard-fruit. It was often a room excavated in the ground; thus the husbandman "dug a wine-press" in his vineyard, Mt 21:33. See also Pr 3:10 Joe 3:13 Hag 2:16. See WINE.
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
Conj | Rel — Conjunction · particleHC/Tr
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
ךָּ (ka) — you.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine singular
HRd/Sp2ms — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp2ms
The Hebrew word אֵת (eth) is a preposition indicating nearness or proximity, often translated as 'with' or 'near.' It conveys a sense of companionship or association, distinguishing itself from similar terms by expressing closer relationships. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, including possession and memory, but do not provide specific verse references.
אֵת, prep. with—prep. denoting proximity
Of companionship, together with
Of localities
אֵת פּ׳ denotes specially
in one's possession or keeping
in one's knowledge or memory
מֵאֵת from proximity with
Note. אֵת expresses closer association than עִם: hence while מֵעִם sts. denotes hardly more than from the surroundings or belongings of, מֵאֵת expresses from close proximity to.
base
H854 אֵת with—prep. denoting proximity . Of companionship, together with
. Of localities
. אֵת פּ׳ denotes specially . in one's possession or keeping
. in one's knowledge or memory
. מֵאֵת from proximity with
Note. אֵת expresses closer association than עִם: hence while מֵעִם sts. denotes hardly more than from the surroundings or belongings of, מֵאֵת expresses from close proximity to.
854 'eth ayth
probably from 579; properly, nearness (used only as a
preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by,
at, among, etc.:--against, among, before, by, for, from,
in(-to), (out) of, with. Often with another prepositional
prefix.
see HEBREW for 0579
אֵת (et) — with.
1) with, near, together with
1a) with, together with
1b) with (of relationship)
1c) near (of place)
1d) with (poss.)
1e) from...with, from (with other prep)
HR — PrepositionHR
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms
שָׁמַט (shamat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to let drop or fall. It encompasses various nuances such as releasing, discontinuing, or overthrowing. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to let drop), Niphal (to be thrown down), and Hiphil (to cause to let drop). The entries highlight its use in contexts of release and descent.
[שָׁמַט] vb. let drop
Qal let drop, fall
Niph. their judges have been thrown down
Hiph. thou shalt cause thy hand to let drop, etc.
base
H8058 [שָׁמַט] let drop .let drop, fall
. their judges have been thrown down
. thou shalt cause thy hand to let drop, etc.
8058 shamat shaw-mat'
a primitive root; to fling down; incipiently to jostle;
figuratively, to let alone, desist, remit:--discontinue,
overthrow, release, let rest, shake, stumble, throw down.
שָׁמַט (sha.mat) — to release.
1) to release, let drop or loose or rest or fall
1a) (Qal) to let drop or fall
1b) (Niphal) to be made to fall down, be thrown down
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to let drop
1c2) to release, let drop
V-Hiphil-Juss-3fs — Verb · Hiphil · jussive third person feminine singularHVhj3fs
re-les': (1) The forgiveness of a debt (shemiTTah (De 15:1,2,9; 31:10; see JUBILEE YEAR)), with verb shamaT, "to release," De 31:2,3. (2) To exempt from taxation or military service (hanachah, "release," "rest" (Es 2:18)). Some would render "granted a holiday." (3) To set a prisoner or slave at liberty (apoluo, "to let go free" (Mt 27:15 parallel Joh 19:10), etc.).
→ YEAR OF
See JUBILEE, YEAR OF
יָד (yad) means 'hand' and can also refer to strength or power in a figurative sense. It encompasses various technical uses, such as a sign or monument, parts or shares, and even specific components in construction, like axle-trees and supports for the laver. The word is versatile, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts.
יָד 1604 n.f. hand
hand
Fig. = strength, power
Fig. = side
יָד is used in various special, technical senses:—
sign, monument
part, fractional part or share
time, repetition
axle-trees
stays, supports for laver
tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
a (beckoning) hand
יַד with prep.
base
H3027 יָד hand . hand
. Fig. = strength, power
. Fig. = side
. יָד is used in various special, technical senses:— . sign, monument
. part, fractional part or share
. time, repetition
. axle-trees
. stays, supports for laver
. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
. a (beckoning) hand
. יַד with prep.
3027 yad yawd
a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power,
means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed
one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of
applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate
and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes,
at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad,
(broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, +
creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship,
force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in,
labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine,
ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain,
power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay,
draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by
them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing,
+ thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side,
יָד (yad) — hand.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: power.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: themselves.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
HNcbsc/Sp2ms — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp2ms
