1 Kings 6:35 — Word Study
WLCוְקָלַ֤ע כְּרוּבִים֙ וְתִ֣מֹר֔וֹת וּפְטֻרֵ֖י צִצִּ֑ים וְצִפָּ֣ה זָהָ֔ב מְיֻשָּׁ֖ר עַל־ הַמְּחֻקֶּֽה׃
BSAHe carved [into them]qâlaʻ■ [with skilled craftsmanship, to sling or shape] cherubimkᵉrûwb [angelic beings, guardians of God's throne] palm treestimmôr [decorative columns] flowerstsîyts [blooming, flourishing] and he overlaid themtsâphâh■ [covered, plated] with goldzâhâb [a valuable, brilliant metal] hammered evenlyyâshar [beaten, smoothed, straight, level] overʻal the carvingschâqâh [engraved work, intricate designs]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְקָלַ֤ע | and he carved | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| כְּרוּבִים֙ | cherubim | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וְתִ֣מֹר֔וֹת | and palm trees | Conjunction, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| וּפְטֻרֵ֖י | and spread out [things] of | Conjunction, verb qal participle (passive) masculine plural common |
| צִצִּ֑ים | flowers | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וְצִפָּ֣ה | and he overlaid | Verb, Piel, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| זָהָ֔ב | gold | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מְיֻשָּׁ֖ר | made smooth | Verb, Pual, participle (passive) masculine singular |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| הַמְּחֻקֶּֽה׃ | the carved [work] | Particle, verb pual participle (passive) masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He carved into them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers; and he overlaid them with gold, hammered evenly over the carvings. |
| KJV | And he carved thereon cherubims and palm trees and open flowers: and covered them with gold fitted upon the carved work. |
| ASV | And he carved thereon cherubim and palm-trees and open flowers; and he overlaid them with gold fitted upon the graven work. |
| YLT | And he hath carved cherubs, and palms, and openings of flowers, and overlaid with straightened gold the graved work. |
| WEB | He carved cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers; and he overlaid them with gold fitted on the engraved work. |
| BBE | These were ornamented with designs of winged ones and palm-trees and open flowers, plated over with gold. |
Where they part company is in the translation of וְקָלַ֤ע — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by additional actions and descriptions, emphasizing the detailed work done.
4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
verbקָלַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Kings 6:35
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Construction of Solomon's Templegenerated
1 Kings 6:35 describes the intricate craftsmanship of Solomon as he decorates the temple. The passage highlights the skilled artistry involved in creating cherubim, palm trees, and flowers, showcasing the beauty and reverence of the temple's design. This attention to detail reflects the significance of the temple as a place of worship and God's presence among His people.
Cross References
The Key Word — וְקָלַ֤ע, ve.ka.La'generated
The verb קָלַע (qala`) means to carve or sling, suggesting a circular motion. In this context, it refers to the skilled craftsmanship involved in creating detailed carvings. The parsing indicates that it is a sequential perfect verb, emphasizing the completed action of carving.
This word is used to describe both the act of slinging and the act of carving, showing the skill and precision required in Solomon's work. The craftsmanship is not merely functional but also artistic, contributing to the temple's grandeur.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree that Solomon carved cherubim, palm trees, and flowers into the temple's wood and overlaid it with gold.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb וְקָלַ֤ע (and he carved) governs the sentence, with several noun phrases detailing what was carved and how it was treated. The structure emphasizes the craftsmanship involved in the temple's decoration.
The sentence is complex, with multiple phrases describing the carvings and the overlaying of gold, indicating a rich and detailed artistic endeavor.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וְקָלַ֤ע as ἐγκεκολαμμένα, which suggests a focus on the finished nature of the carvings. This choice indicates a strong emphasis on the artistry and completion of the work.
The Greek term reflects the same sense of craftsmanship, aligning with the Hebrew meaning while also suggesting a completed state of the carvings.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Kings 6:35 shows how Solomon carved beautiful designs of cherubim, palm trees, and flowers into the wood of the temple and then covered them with gold. This work highlights the importance of the temple as a sacred space and reflects the care taken in its construction.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Carving cherubim signifies the presence of divine guardianship in the temple, emphasizing its sacredness.
Palm trees symbolize peace and victory, enhancing the temple's representation as a place of divine favor.
Gold represents value and purity, reflecting the glory of God and the importance of the temple.
This verse illustrates the meticulous care and artistry in the temple's construction, showcasing it as a fitting dwelling for God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the craftsmanship of the temple teach us about the importance of our work and dedication to God?
- How can we incorporate beauty and artistry into our expressions of faith?
- In what ways can we recognize and appreciate the skill and effort that goes into creating sacred spaces today?
- What symbols or elements in our worship spaces hold significant meaning for us?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Bede comments on the significance of the carvings, noting their representation in the temple's design.
[These symbols] have already been expounded above, because the same representations or carvings were wrought on the walls of the house and on the inner doors,Early Church Fathers on 1 Kings 6 →
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Kings 6:35 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd he carved [thereon] cherubims, and palm trees, and open flowers,.... As upon the doors of the most holy place, 1 Kings 6:32; see Ezekiel 41:25; and covered [them] with gold, fitted upon the
Read John Gill on 1 Kings 6 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentarySo also made he for the door of the temple posts of olive tree, a fourth part of the wall. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Kings 6 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Kings 6:35 And he carved [thereon] cherubims and palm trees and open flowers: and covered [them] with gold fitted upon the carved work.Ver. 35. And he carved thereon, &c.] See on 1 Kings 6:29.
Read John Trapp on 1 Kings 6 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges35. and covered them with gold fitted upon the carved work] Here we have a definite statement of what was done, and the same is no doubt meant in 1 Kings 6:32. The first verb is that which has been rendered overlaid all through the narrative. So consistency requires the same rendering here. In 2 Chronicles 3:6 we read that precious stones, as well as gold, were used for adorning the walls. upon the carved work] This is not a word connected with that so frequently used for ‘carving’ in these verses. So the R.V. has given graven work to mark the variation. There is no doubt that the figures on the doors were cut in the wood and in English ‘graven-work’ refers generally to metal. But see…
Read Cambridge on 1 Kings 6 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He carved into them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers; and he overlaid them with gold, hammered evenly over the carvings.
He carved cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers; and he overlaid them with gold fitted on the engraved work.
He carved into them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers, and he overlaid them with gold hammered evenly over the carvings.
He carved cherubs, palm trees, and flowers in bloom and plated them with gold, leveled out over the carvings.
Tyndale line
And he carved thereon cherubims and palm trees and open flowers: and covered them with gold fitted upon the carved work.
And he carved thereon cherubim and palm-trees and open flowers; and he overlaid them with gold fitted upon the graven work.
And he carved thereon cherubim and palm trees and open flowers: and he overlaid them with gold fitted upon the graven work.
And he carved thereon cherubim, and palm trees, and open flowers; and covered them with gold, fitted upon the carved work.
And he graued Cherubims, and palme trees, and carued floures and couered the carued worke with golde, finely wrought.
Strictly literal
And he carved on them cherubim, and palm-trees, and half-open flowers; and overlaid them with gold fitted on the carved work.
And he hath carved cherubs, and palms, and openings of flowers, and overlaid with straightened gold the graved work.
And he has carved cherubim, and palms, and openings of flowers, and overlaid the carved work with straightened gold.
And he carved thereon cherubim, and palm-trees and opening flowers: and he overlaid them with gold fitting upon the carved work.
He carved on them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers, and he evenly overlaid gold on the carved work.
From the Latin
And he carved cherubims, and palm trees, and carved work standing very much out: and he overlaid all with golden plates in square work by rule.
Simplified
He had them carved with designs of cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers, and covered them with gold beaten evenly over the carvings.
These were ornamented with designs of winged ones and palm-trees and open flowers, plated over with gold.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with all ten words matched. This indicates a consistent understanding of Solomon's artistic work in both traditions.
וְקָלַ֤ע כְּרוּבִים֙ וְתִ֣מֹר֔וֹת וּפְטֻרֵ֖י צִצִּ֑ים וְצִפָּ֣ה זָהָ֔ב מְיֻשָּׁ֖ר עַל־ הַמְּחֻקֶּֽה׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Kings 6:35
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
קָלַע (qala`) is a Hebrew verb with two primary meanings: to sling or hurl forth, and to carve. The word suggests a circular motion, applicable in both contexts. It appears in various forms, including participles, and is noted in the Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon for its use in slinging stones.
[קָלַע] vb. sling, hurl forth
Qal one slinging (with) a stone at a hair
Pi. and he slang (sc. the stone)
base
קָלַע vb. carve
base
H7049a קָלַע sling, hurl forth H7049b קָלַע carve
7049 qala` kaw-lah'
a primitive root: to sling: also to carve (as if a circular
motion, or into light forms):--carve, sling (out).
קָלַע (qa.la) — to sling.
1) to sling, hurl forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sling
1a2) slinger (participle)
1b) (Piel) to sling
קָלַע (qa.la) — to carve.
(Qal) to carve
Conj | V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
כְּרוּב (kerub) refers to a cherub, an angelic being associated with guarding the Garden of Eden, flanking God's throne, and appearing as an image over the Ark of the Covenant. The term is of uncertain derivation and is used in both singular and plural forms (cherubim). Various texts, including Ezekiel, describe their roles and appearances.
כְּרוּב 91 n.m. cherub
the living chariot of the theophanic God
as guards of the garden of Eden
as the throne of Yahweh Sabaoth
P gives an account
K and Ch describe the cherubim of the temple
Ezekiel describes the cherubim
base
H3742 כְּרוּב cherub
3742 kruwb ker-oob'
of uncertain derivation; a cherub or imaginary
figure:--cherub, (plural) cherubims.
כְּרוּב (ke.ruv) — cherub.
1) cherub, cherubim (pl)
1a) an angelic being
1a1) as guardians of Eden
1a2) as flanking God's throne
1a3) as an image form hovering over the Ark of the Covenant
1a4) as the chariot of Jehovah (fig.)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
→ Eastward of the garden of Eden Ge 3:24
→ In the tabernacle Ex 25:18-20; 37:7-9
→ The ark of the covenant rested beneath the wings of 1Ki 8:6,7; 2Ch 5:7,8; Heb 9:5
→ Figures of, embroidered
On the walls of the tabernacle Ex 26:1; 36:8
And on the curtain Ex 26:31; 36:35
→ In the temple 1Ki 6:23-29; 2Ch 3:10-13
→ Figures of
On the curtain 2Ch 3:14
- Form and appearance of
Eze 1:5-11,13,14
- Animated by the Spirit of God
Eze 1:12,20
- Engaged in accomplishing the purposes of God
Eze 1:15,21; 10:9-11,16,17
- The glory of God exhibited upon
Eze 1:22,26-28; 10:4,18,20
- Sound of their wings was as the voice of God
Eze 1:24; 10:5
- Placed at the entrance of Eden
- OF GOLD
. Formed out of, and at each end of the mercy seat
. Placed over the ark of the covenant
תִּמֹרָה (timmorah) refers to a palm-like pilaster or ornament, specifically a palm tree figure. It is a feminine noun and appears in plural form as תִּמֹּר (timmor). The term is derived from a root related to palm trees, and its usage is primarily architectural.
תִּמֹרָה 19 n.f. palm(-tree) figure, as ornament
base
H8561 תִּמֹרָה, תִּמֹּר, תִּמֹּרָה
8561 timmor tim-more'
(plural o or (feminine) timmorah (singular and plural)
{tim-mo-raw'}; from the same root as 8558; (arch.) a palm-like
pilaster (i.e. umbellate):--palm tree.
see HEBREW for 08558
תִּמֹרָה (tim.rah) — palm.
palm tree figure (as ornament)
Conj | N-fp — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural absoluteHC/Ncfpa
Were frequently used as types of kings, or men of wealth and power, Ps 37:35 Isa 2:13 Da 4:10-26 Zec 11:1,2. The "tree of knowledge of good and evil" bore the forbidden fruit, by eating of which Adam fatally increased his knowledge—of good by its loss, of sin and woe by actual experience, Ge 2:9,17. The "tree of life" may have been both an assurance and a means of imparting life, a seal of eternal holiness and bliss, if man had not sinned. Compare Re 22:2.
פָּטַר (patar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to separate, remove, or set free. It encompasses actions like escaping or dismissing, and can imply both literal and figurative meanings, such as bursting through or emitting. The entries indicate a range of uses, including both intransitive and transitive forms, with a specific mention of an insulting action in the Hiphil form.
פָּטַר vb. separate, remove, set free
Qal
intrans. remove oneself, specif. escape
trans. set free
Hiph. they separated with the lip, i.e. open mouth wide (insultingly).
base
H6362 פָּטַר separate, remove, set free
6362 patar paw-tar'
a primitive root; to cleave or burst through, i.e.
(causatively) to emit, whether literal or figurative
(gape):--dismiss, free, let (shoot) out, slip away.
פָּטַר (pa.tar) — to separate.
1) to separate, set free, remove, open, escape, burst through
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to remove (oneself), escape
1a2) to set free, let out
HC/Vqsmpc — Conjunction · verb qal participle (passive) masculine plural commonHC/Vqsmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
צִיץ (tsits) primarily means 'flower' or 'blossom,' but can also refer to a 'wing' or a 'shining thing,' such as a decorative plate. The word is linked to the idea of brightness, as seen in its usage in Jeremiah 48:9, where its meaning is considered uncertain. There are variations in definitions, particularly regarding its application to wings.
צִיץ n.m. 1. blossom, flower. 2. shining thing
base
צִיץ n.[m.] meaning dubious; only in Je 48:9 usu. wings
ref
H6731a צִיץ blossom, flower H6731b צִיץ meaning dubious; wings
6731 tsiyts tseets
or tsits {tseets}; from 6692; properly, glistening, i.e. a
burnished plate; also a flower (as bright-colored); a wing (as
gleaming in the air):--blossom, flower, plate, wing.
see HEBREW for 06692
צִיץ (tsits) — flower.
1) flower, bloom
1a) flower, bloom
1b) shining thing (of gold plate on high priest's mitre) (metaph.)
Also means: tsi.tsah (צִיצָה "flower" H6733)
צִיץ (tsits) — feather.
1) feather, wing
1a) meaning uncertain
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
Flowers
Very few species of flowers are mentioned in the Bible although they abounded in Palestine. It has been calculated that in Western Syria and Palestine from two thousand to two thousand five hundred plants are found, of which about five hundred probably are British wild-flowers. Their beauty is often alluded to (Cant. 2:12; Matt. 6:28). They are referred to as affording an emblem of the transitory nature of human life (Job 14:2; Ps. 103:15; Isa. 28:1; 40:6; James 1:10). Gardens containing flowers and fragrant herbs are spoken of (
→ See BOTANY
צָפָה (tsaphah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lay out, overlay, or cover. It can refer to actions like plating or laying over materials, particularly metals. The entries suggest a focus on the physical act of covering or overlaying, with examples including pillars overlaid with gold. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[צָפָה] 47 vb. lay out, lay over
Qal they lay out the rug!
Pi. overlay, plate
Pu. impure silver laid over a sherd; pillars overlaid with gold.
base
H6823 [צָפָה] lay out, lay over .they lay out the rug!
. overlay, plate
. impure silver laid over a sherd; pillars overlaid with gold.
6823 tsaphah tsaw-faw'
a primitive root (probably identical with 6822 through the
idea of expansion in outlook, transferring to action); to
sheet over (especially with metal):--cover, overlay.
see HEBREW for 06822
צָפָה (tsa.phah) — to overlay.
1) to lay out, lay over, overlay, cover
1a) (Piel) to overlay, plate, stud
1b) (Pual) to be laid over
Conj | V-Piel-Perf-3ms — Verb · Piel · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vpq3ms
זָהָב (zahab) means gold and is derived from an unused root that conveys the idea of shimmering. It encompasses various aspects of gold, including its value as a precious metal, its use as a measure of weight, and its figurative brilliance. The term appears in contexts related to wealth, merchandise, and gifts.
זָהָב 385 n.m. gold
= gold-ore, gold in raw state
gold as wealth
gold as spoil of war
gold as merchandise
gold as costly gift
gold as material
gold described by its source
gold defined by var. adj. and pts.
as measure of weight and value
= golden oil, from colour
often named with
the chief vbs. used
base
H2091 זָהָב gold
2091 zahab zaw-hawb'
from an unused root meaning to shimmer; gold, figuratively,
something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky:--
gold(-en), fair weather.
זָהָב (za.hav) — gold.
1) gold
1a) as precious metal
1b) as a measure of weight
1c) of brilliance, splendour (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: de.hav (דְּהַב "gold" H1722)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
gold (zahabh; chrusos):
1. Terms:
No metal has been more frequently mentioned in Old Testament writings than gold, and none has had more terms applied to it. Among these terms the one most used is zahabh. The Arabic equivalent, dhahab, is still the common name for gold throughout Palestine, Syria and Egypt. With zahabh frequently occur other words which, translated, mean "pure" (Ex 25:11), "refined" (1Ch 28:18), "finest" (1Ki 10:18), "beaten" (1Ki 10:17), "Ophir" (Ps 45:9).
Other terms occurring are: paz, "fine gold" (Job 28:17;
Gold
(1.) Heb. zahab, so called from its yellow colour (Ex. 25:11; 1 Chr. 28:18; 2 Chr. 3:5).
(2.) Heb. segor, from its compactness, or as being enclosed or treasured up; thus precious or “fine gold” (1 Kings 6:20; 7:49).
Gold was known from the very earliest times. (Genesis 2:11) It was at first used chiefly for ornaments, etc. (Genesis 24:22) Coined money was not known to the ancients till a comparatively late period; and on the Egyptian tombs gold is represented as being weighed in rings for commercial purposes. Comp. (Genesis 43:21) Gold was extremely abundant in ancient times, (1 Chronicles 22:14; 2 Chronicles 1:15; 9:9; Daniel 3:1; Nahum 2:9) but this did not depreciate its value, because of the enormous quantities consumed by…
A well-known valuable metal, found in many parts of the world, and obtained anciently in Ophir, Job 28:16; Parvaim, 2Ch 3:6; Sheba, and Raamah, Eze 27:22. Job alludes to gold in various forms, Job 22:24 28:15-19. Abraham was rich in it, and female ornaments were early made of it, Ge 13:2 24:22,35. It is spoken of throughout Scripture; and the use of it among and ancient Hebrews, in its native and mixed state, and for the same purposes as at present, was very common. The Ark of the Covenant was overlaid with pure gold; the mercy seat, the vessels and utensils belonging to the tabernacle, and those also of the house of…
יָשַׁר (yashar) is a Hebrew root meaning to be smooth, straight, or right. It encompasses various nuances, including being upright, pleasing, and just. The word can also imply directing or leading someone along a straight path. Notably, it appears in ethical contexts, emphasizing straightforwardness and integrity.
יָשַׁר vb. be smooth, straight, right
Qal
go straight
fig., be pleasing, agreeable, right
in ethical sense, straightforward, upright
Pi.
make smooth, straight
lead straight along, direct
esteem right, approve
Pu. gold made level, laid smoothly out, upon the graven work
Hiph. let thine eyelids look straight before thee
base
H3474 יָשַׁר be smooth, straight, right
3474 yashar yaw-shar'
a primitive root; to be straight or even; figuratively, to be
(causatively, to make) right, pleasant, prosperous:--direct,
fit, seem good (meet), + please (will), be (esteem, go) right
(on), bring (look, make, take the) straight (way), be
upright(-ly).
יָשַׁר (ya.shar) — to smooth.
1) to be right, be straight, be level, be upright, be just, be lawful, be smooth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go straight
1a2) to be pleasing, be agreeable, be right (fig.)
1a3) to be straightforward, be upright
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to make right, make smooth, make straight
1b2) to lead, direct, lead straight along
1b3) to esteem right, approve
1c) (Pual) to be made level, be laid smoothly out
1d) (Hiphil) to make straight, look straight
V-Pual-Inf-c — Verb · Pual · participle (passive) masculine singularHVPsmsa
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
חָקָה (chaqah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to carve or engrave. It encompasses actions like cutting into a surface or delineating boundaries. The entries highlight its use in contexts such as creating carved figures or marking limits, with specific forms noted in the Pual and Hithpael stems.
חָקָה vb. only Pu. cut in, carve
Pu. carved figure on wall = subst. carved work
Hithp. thou gavest thee a graving (= markest a line) for (i.e. about) the soles of my feet, fixed limits for them
base
H2707 חָקָה
2707 chaqah khaw-kaw'
a primitive root; to carve; by implication, to delineate;
also to entrench:--carved work, portrayed, set a print.
חָקָה (cha.qah) — to engrave.
1) to cut, carve, cut in
1a) (Pual) carved (participle)
1b) (Hithpael) to engrave, cut a limit
Art | V-Pual-Inf-c — Particle · verb pual participle (passive) masculine singularHTd/VPsmsa
→ See INDUSTRY
→ See LABOR