1 Chronicles 2:6 — Word Study
WLCוּבְנֵ֣י זֶ֗רַח זִ֠מְרִי וְאֵיתָ֧ן וְהֵימָ֛ן וְכַלְכֹּ֥ל וָדָ֖רַע כֻּלָּ֥ם חֲמִשָּֽׁה׃ ס
BSAThe sonsbên [descendants, offspring] of ZerahZerach [son of Simeon] ZimriZimrîy [a name meaning'praise'] EthanʼÊythân [a name meaning'strong, firm'] HemanHêymân [a name meaning'faithful'] CalcolKalkôl [a wise and intelligent man] and DaraDâraʻ△ [meaning'the arm', a son of Zerah] fivechâmêsh [a quantity of five, a small group] in allkôl [everything, the total sum]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּבְנֵ֣י | and [the] sons of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| זֶ֗רַח | Zerah | Noun proper masculine |
| זִ֠מְרִי | Zimri | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאֵיתָ֧ן | and Ethan | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְהֵימָ֛ן | and Heman | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְכַלְכֹּ֥ל | and Kalkol | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וָדָ֖רַע | and Dara | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| כֻּלָּ֥ם | all of them | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| חֲמִשָּֽׁה׃ ס | [were] five | Noun common, both singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara —five in all. |
| KJV | And the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all. |
| ASV | And the sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; five of them in all. |
| YLT | And sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; all of them five. |
| WEB | The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara—five of them in all. |
| BBE | And the sons of Zerah: Zimri and Ethan and Heman and Calcol and Dara; five of them. |
Where they part company is חֲמִשָּֽׁה — see How Translations Differ.
The structure is simple, with a main clause listing the sons followed by a phrase that quantifies them.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 2:6
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Genealogy of Judahgenerated
1 Chronicles 2:6 provides a record of the lineage of Judah, specifically detailing the sons of Zerah. This genealogical account highlights the importance of family lines in Israel's history and serves to establish the heritage of the tribe of Judah, which is significant throughout the Old Testament narrative.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 7:1–17 | The Israelites, however, acted unfaithfully regarding the things devoted to destruction. Achan son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took some of what was set apart. So the anger of the LORD burned against the Israelites. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 4:31 | He was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and wiser than Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. And his fame spread throughout the surrounding nations. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 4:31 | He was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and wiser than Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. And his fame spread throughout the surrounding nations. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — זֶ֗רַח, Ze.rachgenerated
The word בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'descendant' and can also refer to a grandson or a member of a tribe. Its use here indicates the familial relationships within the tribe of Judah, emphasizing the descendants of Zerah.
The parsing as a noun common masculine plural construct indicates that it refers to multiple sons, showing the continuation of lineage and the importance of these family ties in the context of Israel's history.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is structured around the subject וּבְנֵ֣י (u.ve.Nei), which means 'and the sons of.' The predicate follows, naming the sons of Zerah, culminating in the count of five.
The sentence is straightforward, listing the names and concluding with a quantifying phrase that emphasizes the total of five sons, which is central to the genealogical context.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וּבְנֵ֣י as υἱοὶ (huioi), meaning 'sons.' This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, preserving the familial aspect of the text.
The translation of חֲמִשָּֽׁה as πέντε (pente) reflects the same numerical value, maintaining consistency in the count of Zerah's descendants.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 2:6 lists the sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara, totaling five in all. This verse highlights the importance of these individuals in the lineage of Judah.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The sons of Zerah mentioned in this verse are Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara.
Listing these names establishes the genealogy of the tribe of Judah and highlights the importance of family lineage in Israel's history.
The name Zerah means 'rising' and refers to a son of Simeon.
The emphasis on the number of sons signifies the continuation of the family line and the importance of these individuals in the broader narrative of Israel.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this genealogy teach us about the importance of family in our own lives?
- How can understanding these names and their meanings enhance our reading of the Bible?
- In what ways do genealogies like this one contribute to the overall narrative of Scripture?
- How does the concept of lineage affect our understanding of identity and heritage today?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 2:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the sons of Zerah,.... The other twin of Judah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all; the Targum calls them governors, and adds, on whom the spirit of prophecy
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all. Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIf these be the same who are mentioned as the sons of Mahol, , either the same man had two names, Zerah and Mahol, as was usual among the Hebrews; or one of these was their immediate father, and the other their grandfather.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 2:6 And the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all.Ver. 6. And Ethan, and Heman, &c.] Of these, see on 1 Kings 4:31.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(6-8) The sons of Zerah.—From this point our narrative ceases to depend entirely upon the data of Genesis.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 2 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 6. Five of them in all.] "These were all chief men; and on them the spirit of prophecy rested." - T.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges6. the sons of Zerah] This genealogy appears only in Chron. Zimri] LXX (B) Ζαμβρεί (β being merely euphonic) here and also Joshua 7:1 where Heb. has “Zabdi.” LXX. is probably right in identifying the two. Either form might arise from the other by easy textual corruption. Ethan … Dara] Read, Darda with Vulg., Targ., Pesh. The same four names in the same order occur 1 Kings 4:31 as the names of wise men whom Solomon surpassed in wisdom. They are there called sons of “Mahol” who may have been either a nearer or remoter ancestor than Zerah. Ethan however is there called the Ezrahite (= probably “son of Zerah”). [Psalms 88, 89 bear respectively the names “Heman the Ezrahite,” “Ethan the…
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 2 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe sons of Zerah - Here, for the first time, the writer of Chronicles draws from sources not otherwise known to us, recording facts not mentioned in the earlier Scriptures.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara —five in all.
The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara—five of them in all.
The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara—five in all.
The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Kalkol, Dara – five in all.
Tyndale line
And the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all.
And the sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; five of them in all.
And the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all.
And the sons of Zerah; Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all.
The sonnes also of Zerah were Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara, which were fiue in all.
Strictly literal
And the sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara: five of them in all.
And sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; all of them five.
And sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; all of them five.
And the sons of Zerach: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara'; all of them five.
Zerah's sons were Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Kalkol, and Darda, five in all.
From the Latin
And the sons also of Zare: Zamri, and Ethan, and Eman, and Chalchal, and Dara, five in all.
Simplified
The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol and Darda —a total of five.
And the sons of Zerah: Zimri and Ethan and Heman and Calcol and Dara; five of them.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with no significant variations noted. Both texts present the same names and the count of five sons of Zerah.
וּבְנֵ֣י זֶ֗רַח זִ֠מְרִי וְאֵיתָ֧ן וְהֵימָ֛ן וְכַלְכֹּ֥ל וָדָ֖רַע כֻּלָּ֥ם חֲמִשָּֽׁה׃ ס
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 2:6
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) refers to several figures in the Old Testament, including a son of Judah and Tamar, a grandson of Esau, and a Cushite invader of Judah. The name means "rising" and is associated with various descendants and families, such as the Zarhites and Ezrahites. Notably, there is some overlap in the identities of Edomite leaders mentioned.
זֶ֫רַח n.pr.m.
son of Judah and Tamar
Edomites
Levites
head of Simeonite family
a Cushite
base
H2226 זֶ֫רַח . son of Judah and Tamar
. Edomites
. Levites
. head of Simeonite family
. a Cushite
2226 Zerach zeh'-rakh
the same as 2225; Zerach, the name of three Israelites, also
of an Idumaean and an Ethiopian prince:--Zarah, Zerah.
see HEBREW for 02225
זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) — Zerah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.13;
son of: Reuel (H7467);
brother of: Nahath (H5184), Shammah (H8048) and Mizzah (H4199)
§ Zerah or Zarah = "rising"
1) a son of Reuel and grandson of Esau, one of the dukes of the Edomites
2) twin brother of Pharez, sons of Judah and Tamar; descendants are called Zarhites, Ezrahites, and Izrahites
3) son of Simeon; also called 'Zohar'
4) a Gershonite Levite, son of Iddo of Adaiah
5) the Ethiopian or Cushite, invader of Judah in the reign of Asa who defeated the invaders; probably the same as the Egyptian king Usarken I, second king of the Egyptian 22nd dynasty or perhaps more probably Usarken II, his 2nd successor
6) another Edomite leader; possibly same as 1
זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) — Zerah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.33;
father of: Jobab (H3103H)
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ze'-ra (zerach, meaning uncertain):
(1) In Ge 38:30; 46:12; Nu 26:20; Jos 7:1,18,24; 22:20; 1Ch 2:4,6; 9:6; Ne 11:24; Mt 1:3, younger twin-son of Judah and Tamar, and an ancestor of Achan. In Nu 26:20; Jos 7:17 f he is the head of the Zerahites (also 1Ch 27:11,13). the King James Version has "Zarah" in Ge 38:30; 46:12, and "Zarhites" for "Zerahites" in…
Zerah
Sunrise. (1.) An “Ethiopian,” probably Osorkon II., the successor of Shishak on the throne of Egypt. With an enormous army, the largest we read of in Scripture, he invaded the kingdom of Judah in the days of Asa (2 Chr. 14:9-15). He reached Zephathah, and there encountered the army of Asa. This is the only instance “in all the annals of Judah of a victorious encounter in the field with a first-class heathen power in full force.” The Egyptian host was utterly routed, and the Hebrews gathered “exceeding much spoil.” Three hundred years elapsed before another Egyptian army, that of Necho (B.C. 609), came up against Jerusalem.
(2.) A son of Tamar (Gen. 38:30); called also Zara (Matt. 1:3).
(rising (of the sun)). A son of Reuel, son of Esau, (Genesis 36:13; 1 Chronicles 1:37) and one of the "dukes" or phylarchs of the Edomites. (Genesis 36:17) (B.C. after 1760.) Less properly, Zarah, twin son, with his elder brother Pharez, of Judah and Tamar. (Genesis 38:30; 1 Chronicles 2:4; Matthew 1:3) (B.C. about 1728.) His descendants were called Zarhites, Ezrahites and Izrahites. (Numbers 26:20; 1 Kings 4:31;
1. The son of Reuel, and grandson of Esau, Ge 36:13,17.
2. Son of Judah and Tamar, Ge 38:30; called Zara in Mt 1:3.
3. Son of Simeon, and founder of the Zarhites, Nu 26:13; called Zohar in Ge 46:10.
4. A Cushite king who invaded Judah with an immense army in the reign of Asa, 2Ch 14:9-13. It is not agreed by interpreters whether he came from Southern Arabia or from Egypt and Ethiopia. Many, however, follow Champollion, who identifies him with Osorchon and Osoroth of the Egyptian monuments and history, the son and successor of Shishak.
The Hebrew word זִמְרִי (*zimri*) refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including a Simeonite, a king of Israel, and a Benjamite. The name is derived from a root meaning 'musical' and is associated with the phrase 'my music.' It appears in contexts related to the Divided Monarchy and is mentioned in Jeremiah, although its significance there is less clear.
זִמְרִי n.pr.m.
a Simeonite
grandson of Judah
king of Isr. before Omri
a Benjamite
base
זִמְרִי n.pr.gent. vel patr., only Je 25:25
ref
H2174a זִמְרִי . a Simeonite
. grandson of Judah
. king of Isr. before Omri
. a Benjamite
H2174b זִמְרִי n. pr. gent. vel patr.
2174 Zimriy zim-ree'
from 2167; musical; Zimri, the name of five Israelites, and
of an Arabian tribe:--Zimri.
see HEBREW for 02167
זִמְרִי (zim.ri) — Zimri.
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.9
§ Zimri = "my music"
1) the son of Salu, a Simeonite chieftain, slain by Phinehas with the Midianitish princess Cozbi
2) 5th king of the northern kingdom, murderer of the king, Elah, who reigned for 7 days before he killed himself by setting the palace on fire and was replaced by the general of the army, Omri
3) one of the five sons of Zerah and grandson of Judah
4) son of Jehoadah and descendant of Saul
זִמְרִי (zim.ri) — Zimri.
§ Zimri = "my music"
an obscure name mentioned in connection with 'the mingled people' in Jeremiah; may be same as 'Zimran'
זִמְרִי (zim.ri) — Zimri.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at Num.25.14;
son of: Salu (H5543C)
§ Zimri = "my music"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Zimri
Praise-worthy. (1.) A son of Salu, slain by Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, because of his wickedness in bringing a Midianitish woman into his tent (Num. 25:6-15).
(2.) Murdered Elah at Tirzah, and succeeded him on the throne of Israel (1 Kings 16:8-10). He reigned only seven days, for Omri, whom the army elected as king, laid siege to Tirzah, whereupon Zimri set fire to the palace and perished amid its ruins (11-20). Omri succeeded to the throne only after four years of fierce war with Tibni, another claimant to the throne.
The son of Salu, a Simeonite chieftain, slain by Phinehas with the Midianitish princess Cozbi. (Numbers 25:14). (B.C. 1450.) Fifth sovereign of the separate kingdom of Israel, of which he occupied the throne for the brief period of seven days, B.C. 930 or 929. Originally in command of half the chariots in the royal army, he gained the crown by the murder of King Elah; son of Baasha. But the army made their general, Omri, king, who marched against Tirzah, where Zimri was. Zimri retreated into the innermost part of the late king’s palace, set it on fire, and perished in the ruins. (1 Kings 16:9-20) One of the five sons of Zerah the son of Judah. (1 Chronicles 2:6) (B.C. after 1706.) Son of Jehoadah and descendant of Saul. (
1. A prince of the tribe of Simeon, slain by Phinehas for his heaven- daring crime on the plains of Moab, Nu 25:14.
2. A general of half the cavalry of Elah king of Israel. He rebelled against his master, killed him, and usurped his kingdom. He cut off the whole family, not sparing any of his relations or friends; whereby was fulfilled the word of the Lord denounced to Baasha the father of Elah, by the prophet Jehu. Zimri reigned but seven days; for the army of Israel, then besieging Gibbethon, a city of the Philistines, made their general, Omri, king, and came and besieged Zimri in the city of Tirzah. Zimri, seeing the city on the point of being taken, burned himself in the palace with all its riches, 1Ki 16:1-20; 2Ki 9:31.
אֵיתָן (Eythan) refers to a wise man and is associated with the meaning 'enduring.' The term identifies several individuals in the Old Testament, including an Ezrahite known for his wisdom and various descendants of Levi. The entries note that Ethan is mentioned in contexts related to the United and Divided Monarchy, with specific references in 1 Kings and 1 Chronicles.
אֵיתָן n.pr.m. a wise man
base
H387 אֵיתָן a wise man
387 'Eythan ay-thawn'
the same as 386; permanent; Ethan, the name of four
Israelites:--Ethan.
see HEBREW for 0386
אֵיתָן (e.tan) — Ethan.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.4.31;
son of: Mahol (H4235);
brother of: Heman (H1968), Calcol (H3633) and Darda (H1862)
§ Ethan = "enduring"
1) an Ezrahite known for his wisdom
2) a grandson of Judah, father of Azariah
3) a Kohathite descendant of Levi
4) a Merarite son of Kushaiah, descendant of Levi
אֵיתָן (e.tan) — Ethan.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.6;
son of: Zerah (H2226I);
brother of: Zabdi (H2067), Heman (H1968H), Calcol (H3633H) and Dara (H1873);
father of: Azariah (H5838I)
§ Ethan = "enduring"
1) an Ezrahite known for his wisdom
2) a grandson of Judah, father of Azariah
3) a Kohathite descendant of Levi
4) a Merarite son of Kushaiah, descendant of Levi
אֵיתָן (e.tan) — Ethan.
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
e'-than ('ethan, "firm," "enduring"; Gaithan):
(1) A wise man with whom Solomon is compared (1Ki 4:31). Called there "Ethan the Ezrahite," to whom the title of Ps 89 ascribes the authorship of that poem.
(2) A "son of Kishi," or "Kishaiah," of the Merari branch of the Levites, and, along with Heman and Asaph, placed by David over the service of song (1Ch 6:44; 15:17,19).
See JEDUTHUN.
(3) An ancestor of Asaph of the Gershomite branch of the Levites (1Ch 6:42).
Ethan
Firm. (1.) “The Ezrahite,” distinguished for his wisdom (1 Kings 4:31). He is named as the author of the 89th Psalm. He was of the tribe of Levi.
(2.) A Levite of the family of Merari, one of the leaders of the temple music (1 Chr. 6:44; 15:17, 19). He was probably the same as Jeduthun. He is supposed by some to be the same also as (1).
(enduring). Ethan the Ezrahite, one of the four sons of Mahol, whose wisdom was excelled by Solomon. (1 Kings 4:31; 1 Chronicles 2:6) His name is in the title of (Psalms 89:1) Son of Kishi or Kushaiah; a Merarite Levite, head of that family in the time of King David, (1 Chronicles 6:44) and spoken of as a "singer." With Heman and Asaph, the heads of the other two families of Levites, Ethan was appointed to sound with cymbals. (1 Chronicles 15:17,19) A Gershonite Levite, one of the ancestors of Asaph the singer. (1 Chronicles 6:42) Hebr 27. (B.C. 1420.)
1. One of four men renowned for wisdom, though excelled by Solomon, 1Ki 4:31 1Ch 2:6. He appears to have been a son of Zerah or Ezra, and grandson of the patriarch Judah.
2. A Levite, son of Kishi, and one of the three masters of the temple music, 1Ch 6:44 15:17-19. He would seem to be the same as Jeduthun, 1Ch 25:1 2Ch 35:15.
3. A person to whom Ps 89:1-52 is inscribed.
הֵימָן (Heyman) means 'faithful' and refers to a notable figure in the Old Testament, specifically a wise man compared to Solomon. There are at least two individuals named Heman, one a Levitical singer and author of Psalm 88, and the other a man from the tribe of Judah. The entries consistently highlight his wisdom and lineage.
הֵימָן n.pr.m. Heman (faithful) a wise man with whom Solomon is compared
base
H1968 הֵימָן
1968 Heyman hay-mawn'
probably from 539; faithful; Heman, the name of at least two
Israelites:--Heman.
see HEBREW for 0539
הֵימָן (he.man) — Heman.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.4.31;
son of: Mahol (H4235);
brother of: Ethan (H0387), Calcol (H3633) and Darda (H1862)
§ Heman = "faithful"
1) a wise man to whom Solomon was compared
2) son of Joel, grandson of Samuel, and a Levitical singer and author of PS 88
3) a seer
הֵימָן (he.man) — Heman.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.6;
son of: Zerah (H2226I);
brother of: Zabdi (H2067), Ethan (H0387H), Calcol (H3633H) and Dara (H1873)
§ Heman = "faithful"
1) a wise man to whom Solomon was compared
2) son of Joel, grandson of Samuel, and a Levitical singer and author of PS 88
3) a seer
הֵימָן (he.man) — Heman.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.6.33;
son of: Joel (H3100);
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
he'-man (heman, "faithful"): The name of two men in the Old Testament.
(1) A musician and seer, a Levite, son of Joe and grandson of the prophet Samuel; of the family of the Kohathites (1Ch 6:33), appointed by David as one of the leaders of the temple-singing (1Ch 15:17; 2Ch 5:12). He had 14 sons (and 3 daughters) who assisted their father in the chorus. Heman seems also to have been a man of spiritual power; is called "the king's seer in matters of God" (1Ch 25:5; 2Ch 35:15).
(2) One of the noted wise men prior to, or about, the time of Solomon. He was one of the three sons of Mahol (
Heman
Faithful. (1.) 1 Kings 4:31; 1 Chr. 2:6, a son of Zerah, noted for his wisdom. (2.) Grandson of Samuel (1 Chr. 6:33; 15:17), to whom the 88th Psalm probably was inscribed. He was one of the “seers” named in 2 Chr. 29:14, 30, and took a leading part in the administration of the sacred services.
(faithful) Son of Zerah. (1 Chronicles 2:6; 1 Kings 4:31) Son of Joel and grandson of Samuel the prophet, a Kohathite. He is called "the singer," rather the musician, (1 Chronicles 6:33) and was the first of the three Levites to whom was committed the vocal and instrumental music of the temple service in the reign of David. (1 Chronicles 15:16-22) The 88th Psalm is ascribed to him. (B.C. 1014.)
כַּלְכֹּל (Kalkol) refers to a man from the tribe of Judah, noted for his wisdom during the time of the United Monarchy. He is mentioned in 1 Kings 4:31 and 1 Chronicles 2:6, identified as a son of Zerah and a brother to several other wise men. The name is linked to the concept of sustenance.
כַּלְכֹּל n.pr.m. one of the wise men whom Solomon surpassed
base
H3633 כַּלְכֹּל
3633 Kalkol kal-kole'
from 3557; sustenance; Calcol, an Israelite:--Calcol,
Chalcol.
see HEBREW for 03557
כַּלְכֹּל (kal.kol) — Calcol.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ki.4.31;
son of: Mahol (H4235);
brother of: Ethan (H0387), Heman (H1968) and Darda (H1862)
§ Calcol or Chalcol = "sustaining"
son or descendant of Zerah of Judah and one of the wise men with whom Solomon was compared
כַּלְכֹּל (kal.kol) — Calcol.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.6;
son of: Zerah (H2226I);
brother of: Zabdi (H2067), Ethan (H0387H), Heman (H1968H) and Dara (H1873)
§ Calcol or Chalcol = "sustaining"
son or descendant of Zerah of Judah and one of the wise men with whom Solomon was compared
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
דַּרְדַּע (Darda) is a proper name, likely a contraction of another name. It refers to an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:6 as a son of Zerah and brother to several others. The name is associated with the meaning "the arm." The entries consistently identify Darda as a historical figure without significant disagreement.
דַּרְדַּע n.pr.m. only 1 K 5:11 Ethan the Ezrahite, and Heman, and Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol = דָ֖רַע 1 Ch 2:6
ref
H1873 דַּרְדַּע
1873 Dara` daw-rah'
probably a contraction from 1862; Dara, an Israelite:--Dara.
see HEBREW for 01862
דָּרַע (da.ra) — Dara.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.6;
son of: Zerah (H2226I);
brother of: Zabdi (H2067), Ethan (H0387H), Heman (H1968H) and Calcol (H3633H)
§ Dara = "the arm"
a son of Zerah
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
dar'-a (dara`). See DARDA.
(1 Chronicles 2:6) [DARDA]
→ See DARDA
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3mp
חָמֵשׁ (chamesh) means 'five' in Hebrew. It serves as both a cardinal number and can indicate a multiple of five when combined with another number. The word also has an ordinal form, 'fifth.' The entries consistently define this numeral without any noted disagreement.
חָמֵשׁ, חֲמִשָּׁה 342 n.m. and f. five
base
H2568 חָמֵשׁ, חֲמִשָּׁה five
2568 chamesh khaw-maysh'
masculine chamishshah {kham-ish-shaw}; a primitive numeral;
five:--fif(-teen), fifth, five (X apiece).
חָמֵשׁ (cha.mesh) — five.
1) five
1a) five (cardinal number)
1b) a multiple of five (with another number)
1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
fiv (chamesh; pente).
See NUMBER.