1 Chronicles 2:19 — Word Study
WLCוַתָּ֖מָת עֲזוּבָ֑ה וַיִּֽקַּֽח־ ל֤וֹ כָלֵב֙ אֶת־ אֶפְרָ֔ת וַתֵּ֥לֶד ל֖וֹ אֶת־ חֽוּר׃
BSAWhen AzubahʻĂzûwbâh [the forsaken one] diedmûwth▸ [passed away, came to an end] CalebKâlêb [a faithful follower] marriedlâqach▸ [took as his wife] EphrathʼEphrâth [the fruitful one, a place of abundance] who boreyâlad▸ [gave birth, brought forth] HurChûwr [the free one, a chief assistant]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַתָּ֖מָת | and she died | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person feminine singular |
| עֲזוּבָ֑ה | Azubah | Noun proper feminine |
| וַיִּֽקַּֽח־ | and he took | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| ל֤וֹ | for himself | Preposition, suffix |
| כָלֵב֙ | Caleb | Noun proper masculine |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| אֶפְרָ֔ת | Ephrath | Noun proper feminine |
| וַתֵּ֥לֶד | and she bore | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person feminine singular |
| ל֖וֹ | to him | Preposition, suffix |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| חֽוּר׃ | Hur | Noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur. |
| KJV | And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur. |
| ASV | And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, who bare him Hur. |
| YLT | And Azubah dieth, and Caleb taketh to him Ephrath, and she beareth to him Hur. |
| WEB | Azubah died, and Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur. |
| BBE | And after the death of Azubah, Caleb took as his wife Ephrath, who was the mother of Hur. |
Where they part company is with the phrase וַיִּֽקַּֽח־ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by a subordinate clause that provides additional information about Caleb's actions.
4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
subjectעֲזוּבָה
verbמוּת
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 2:19
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Genealogy of Calebgenerated
1 Chronicles 2:19 describes Caleb's family after the death of his wife Azubah. This verse emphasizes Caleb's actions following this event, specifically his marriage to Ephrath and the birth of their son Hur. The surrounding verses provide context about Caleb's lineage and his children from previous marriages, illustrating the importance of family lineage in Israel's history.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 2:24–50 | After Hezron died in Caleb-ephrathah, his wife Abijah bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa. |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 4:4 | Penuel was the father of Gedor, and Ezer was the father of Hushah. These were the descendants of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah and the father of Bethlehem. |
| 3 | Micah 5:2 | But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come forth for Me One to be ruler over Israel — One whose origins are of old, from the days of eternity. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מוּת, va.Ta.motgenerated
The Hebrew verb מוּת (mūth) means 'to die' and can refer to various forms of death, including natural death and execution. It is used throughout the Bible and signifies the end of life, as seen in the context of Azubah's passing.
This verb is in the sequential imperfect tense, indicating an action that occurs in sequence. The use of the feminine singular form suggests Azubah is the subject of the verb, emphasizing her death as a pivotal event in the narrative.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb תָּ֖מָת governs the first clause, indicating Azubah's death. The second clause introduces the action of Caleb taking Ephrath as his wife, with the subsequent clause detailing the birth of Hur. This structure emphasizes the sequence of events.
The Hebrew syntax places the subject (Azubah) before the verb (died), which is typical in Hebrew prose. The order highlights the significance of Azubah's death as a catalyst for the following actions.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מוּת as ἀπέθανεν (apethanen), which means 'died.' This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the focus on the event of death.
The Greek translation reflects a straightforward rendering of the Hebrew text, preserving the narrative's intent without additional interpretation.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 2:19 tells us that after Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who then gave birth to Hur. This verse is part of a larger genealogy that highlights Caleb's family connections and lineage.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Azubah means 'the forsaken one' in Hebrew, reflecting her status in the narrative.
Hur was the son of Caleb and Ephrath, and he is noted for being a significant figure in the lineage of the Israelites.
Caleb is recognized for his faithfulness and leadership among the Israelites during their journey to the Promised Land.
This verse highlights the continuation of Caleb's lineage after the death of his first wife, emphasizing the importance of family in Israel's history.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about the importance of family and lineage from Caleb's actions?
- How does the death of Azubah impact the narrative of Caleb's life?
- In what ways does this verse reflect the cultural practices of marriage in ancient Israel?
- What does the name Ephrath signify, and how does it relate to the context of this verse?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 2:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath,.... The Targum is, "Miriam, who was called Ephrath"; but, according to Josephus (q), it was his son Hur that was the husband of Miriam the
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(19) Ephrath.—In 1 Chronicles 2:50 Ephratah; so also 4:4. The town of Bethlehem was so called (Micah 5:1).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges18–20. The Genealogy of Bezaleel It is quite in accordance with the mind of the Chronicler to single out the artificer of the Tabernacle (“Tent of Meeting”) and tell his family history (cp. Exodus 31:2 ff.).
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur.
Azubah died, and Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur.
When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
Tyndale line
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, who bare him Hur.
And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took to him Ephrath, who bore to him Hur,
And when Azubah was dead, Caleb tooke vnto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur.
Strictly literal
And Azubah died, and Caleb took him Ephrath, and she bore him Hur.
And Azubah dieth, and Caleb taketh to him Ephrath, and she beareth to him Hur.
And Azubah dies, and Caleb takes Ephrath to himself, and she bears Hur to him.
And 'Azubah died, when Caleb took unto himself Ephrath, who bore unto him Chur.
Azubah died, and then Caleb married Ephrath, who bore him Hur.
From the Latin
And when Azuba was dead, Caleb took to wife Ephrata: who bore him Hur.
Simplified
When Azubah died, Caleb took Ephrath to be his wife, and she bore him Hur.
And after the death of Azubah, Caleb took as his wife Ephrath, who was the mother of Hur.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, "When Azubah died, Caleb married Ephrath, who bore to him Hur." The Septuagint provides a translation that matches 8 of the 11 words in the Masoretic Text, indicating a general agreement in content, though the specific wording and structure differ due to the nature of translation. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional evidence for this particular verse, so their agreement or disagreement with the Masoretic Text remains unverified in this instance.
וַתָּ֖מָת עֲזוּבָ֑ה וַיִּֽקַּֽח־ ל֤וֹ כָלֵב֙ אֶת־ אֶפְרָ֔ת וַתֵּ֥לֶד ל֖וֹ אֶת־ חֽוּר׃
8 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 2:19
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מוּת (mūth) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to die' or 'to kill.' It encompasses a range of meanings from dying naturally to being executed as a penalty. The word can refer to both humans and animals, and it includes various forms such as causing death or being killed. There is a distinction in usage based on the subject, whether it is a person or God inflicting death.
מוּת vb. die
Qal
die, of natural or other causes
die as a penalty = be put to death
Po‛lel. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)
Hiph.
abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man
subj. God, by inflicting penalty
of animals killing men
bring to a premature death
Hoph. be killed, put to death
base
H4191 מוּת die .. die, of natural or other causes
. die as a penalty = be put to death
. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)
. . abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man
. subj. God, by inflicting penalty
. of animals killing men
. bring to a premature death
. be killed, put to death
4191 muwth mooth
a primitive root: to die (literally or figuratively);
causatively, to kill:--X at all, X crying, (be) dead (body,
man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to,
be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), X must needs,
slay, X surely, X very suddenly, X in (no) wise.
מוּת (mut) — to die.
1) to die, kill, have one executed
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to die
1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death
1a3) to die, perish (of a nation)
1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct)
1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch
1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be killed, be put to death
1d1a) to die prematurely
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person feminine singularHc/Vqw3fs
עֲזוּבָה (Azuwbah) refers to a name meaning "forsaken." It identifies two women in the Old Testament: one is the wife of Caleb and the other is the daughter of Shilhi, married to King Asa and mother of King Jehoshaphat. The name appears in contexts related to the Divided Monarchy.
עֲזוּבָה n.pr.f.
mother of Jehoshaphat
wife of Caleb
base
H5806 עֲזוּבָה
5806 `Azuwbah az-oo-baw'
the same as 5805; Azubah, the name of two
Israelitesses:--Azubah.
see HEBREW for 05805
עֲזוּבָה (a.zu.vah) — Azubah.
A woman living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.22.42;
daughter of: Shilhi (H7977); married to Asa (H0609);
mother of: Jehoshaphat (H3092I)
§ Azubah = "forsaken"
1) wife of Caleb, the son of Hezron
2) daughter of Shilhi, wife of king Asa, and mother of king Jehoshaphat of Judah
עֲזוּבָה (a.zu.vah) — Azubah.
A womanof the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.18; married to Caleb (H3612H);
mother of: Jesher@1Ch.2.18 (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715)
§ Azubah = "forsaken"
1) wife of Caleb, the son of Hezron
2) daughter of Shilhi, wife of king Asa, and mother of king Jehoshaphat of Judah
N-proper — Noun proper feminineHNpf
Azubah
Deserted. (1.) The wife of Caleb (1 Chr. 2:18, 19).
(2.) The daughter of Shilhi, and mother of king Jehoshaphat (1 Kings 22:42).
(forsaken). Wife of Caleb, son of Hezron. (1 Chronicles 2:18,19) Mother of King Jehoshaphat. (1 Kings 22:42; 2 Chronicles 20:31) (B.C. 950.)
forsaken
The Hebrew word לָקַח (*laqach*) means 'to take' and encompasses a wide range of actions, including to receive, seize, capture, and carry away. It can refer to taking something in hand, taking a wife, or even taking vengeance. The verb has various forms indicating different nuances, such as being taken away or captured.
לָקַח 965 vb. take
Qal
take, take in hand
take and carry along with oneself
take from, or out of
take, carry away
take away from, so as to deprive of
esp. take away life
take to or for a person
take up, upon = put upon
= fetch
take = lead, conduct (with or without contact)
take = capture, seize
take = carry off
in phr. take vengeance
Niph.
be captured, of ark
be taken away, removed
be taken, brought unto
Pu.
be taken from, out of
= be stolen from
be taken captive
be taken away, removed
Hoph.
be taken, brought unto
be taken out of
be taken away from
Hithp. lit. fire taking hold of itself, of lightning
base
H3947 לָקַח take .. take, take in hand
. take and carry along with oneself
. . take from, or out of
. take, carry away
. take away from, so as to deprive of
. esp. take away life
. take to or for a person
. take up, upon = put upon
. = fetch
. take = lead, conduct (with or without contact)
. take = capture, seize
. take = carry off
. in phr. take vengeance
. . be captured, of ark
. be taken away, removed
. be taken, brought unto
. . be taken from, out of
. = be stolen from
. be taken captive
. be taken away, removed
. . be taken, brought unto
. be taken out of
. be taken away from
. lit. fire taking hold of itself, of lightning
3947 laqach law-kakh'
a primitive root; to take (in the widest variety of
applications):--accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch,
get, infold, X many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve,
seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win.
לָקַח (la.qach) — to take: take.
: take
1) to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take, take in the hand
1a2) to take and carry along
1a3) to take from, take out of, take, carry away, take away
1a4) to take to or for a person, procure, get, take possession of, select, choose, take in marriage, receive, accept
1a5) to take up or upon, put upon
1a6) to fetch
1a7) to take, lead, conduct
1a8) to take, capture, seize
1a9) to take, carry off 1a10) to take (vengeance)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be captured
1b2) to be taken away, be removed
1b3) to be taken, brought unto
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be taken from or out of
1c2) to be stolen from
1c3) to be taken captive
1c4) to be taken away, be removed
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be taken unto, be brought unto
1d2) to be taken out of
1d3) to be taken away
1e) (Hithpael)
1e1) to take hold of oneself
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word כָּלֵב (*Kaleb*) refers to a personal name, specifically Caleb, the son of Jephunneh. He is noted as a faithful spy in the Old Testament who advocated for the capture of the Promised Land. The name is also associated with the meaning 'dog.' There are references to other individuals named Caleb, including a descendant of Hezron.
כָּלֵב n.pr.m. son of יְפֻנֶּה
base
H3612 כָּלֵב son of יְפֻנֶּה
3612 Kaleb kaw-labe'
perhaps a form of 3611, or else from the same root in the
sense of forcible; Caleb, the name of three
Israelites:--Caleb.
see HEBREW for 03611
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness and Israel before the Monarchy, first mentioned at Num.13.6;
son of: Jephunneh (H3312);
brother of: Kenaz (H7073I);
father of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900), Elah (H0425J), Naam (H5277)
Also named: ka.lib.bo (כָּלִבִּי "Calebite" H3614)
§ Caleb = "dog"
1) the godly son of Jephunneh and the faithful spy who reported the Promised Land favourably and urged its capture
2) son of Hezron and grandson of Pharez and great grandson of Judah and the father of Hur and grandfather of Caleb the spy
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.9;
son of: Hezron (H2696H);
brother of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806); married to Azubah (H5806H), Jerioth (H3408), Ephrathah (H0672), Ephah (H5891H) and Maacah…
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ka'-leb (kalebh; in the light of the cognate Syriac and Arabic words, the meaning is not "dog," which is kelebh, in Hebrew, but "raging with canine madness"; Chaleb): As a person, Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, occurs in the story of the spies (Nu 13 ff). He represents the tribe of Judah as its prince (Nu 13:6; compare Nu 13:2). While the majority of the men sent out by Moses bring back evil report, Caleb and Hoshea, or Joshua, the son of Nun, are the only ones to counsel the invasion of the promised land (Nu 13:30; 14:6 ff). Accordingly, these two alone are permitted to survive (Nu 14:38; 32:12). Upon the conquest and distribution of the land by Joshua, Caleb reminds the…
Caleb
A dog. (1.) One of the three sons of Hezron of the tribe of Judah. He is also called Chelubai (1 Chr. 2:9). His descendants are enumerated (18-20, 42-49).
(2.) A “son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah” (1 Chr. 2:50). Some would read the whole passage thus: “These [i.e., the list in ver. 42-49] were the sons of Caleb. The sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, were Shobal, etc.” Thus Hur would be the name of the son and not the father of Caleb (ver. 19).
(3.) The son of Jephunneh (Num. 13:6; 32:12; Josh. 14:6, 14). He was one of those whom Moses sent to search the land in the second year after the Exodus. He was one of the family chiefs of the tribe of Judah. He…
(capable). According to (1 Chronicles 2:9,18,19,42,50) the son of Hezron the son of Pharez the son of Judah, and the father of Hur, and consequently grandfather of Caleb the spy. (B.C. about 1600.) Son of Jephunneh, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses to Canaan. (Numbers 13:6) (B.C. 1490.) He and Oshea or Joshua the son of Nun were the only two of the whole number who encouraged the people to enter in boldly to the land and take possession of it. Fortyfive years afterwards Caleb came to Joshua and claimed possession of the land of the Anakim, Kirjath-arba or Hebron, and the neighboring hill country. Josh 14. This was immediately granted to him, and the following chapter relates how he took possession of Hebron, driving out the three sons of Anak; and how he offered Achsah his…
1. Son of Jephunneh, of the tribe of Judah, who was sent, with one man from each of the other tribes, to search out the promised land, Nu 13:1-14:45. Of all the twelve, Caleb and Joshua acted the part of true and faithful men; and they only, of all the grown men of Israel, were permitted to enter Canaan, Nu 14:6-24,38 26:65. He was one of the princes appointed to divide the conquered territory among the tribes, Nu 34:19. Hebron was given to him as a reward of his fidelity, according to the promise of God, De 1:36 Jos 14:1-15. Though eighty-five years old, he still retained his vigor, and soon drove out the Anakim from…
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
אֶפְרָ֫תָה (Ephrathah) refers to a location near Bethel where Rachel died and was buried, and it is also another name for Bethlehem. Additionally, it is the name of a woman from the tribe of Judah, married to Caleb and the mother of Hur. The term suggests a meaning related to fruitfulness.
אֶפְרָ֫תָה n.pr.
n. pr. loc. place near Bethel, where Rachel died & was buried
id., a name of Bethlehem
id., perh. applied to district where Kitjath Jearim lay, on the border of Judah & Benjamin
n. pr. f. name given to wife of Caleb
base
H672 אֶפְרָ֫תָה . n. pr. loc. place near Bethel, where Rachel died & was buried
. id., a name of Bethlehem
. id., perh. applied to district where Kitjath Jearim lay, on the border of Judah & Benjamin
. n. pr. f. name given to wife of Caleb
672 'Ephraath ef-rawth'
or mEphrathah {ef-raw'-thaw}; from 6509; fruitfulness;
Ephrath, another name for Bethlehem; once (Psa. 132:6) perhaps
for Ephraim; also of an Israelitish woman:--Ephrath,
Ephratah.
see HEBREW for 06509
אֶפְרָ֫תָה (eph.ra.tah) — Ephrathah.
A womanof the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.19; married to Caleb (H3612H);
mother of: Hur (H2354); also called Ephrath at 1Ch.2.19;
Also named: eph.ra.ti (אֶפְרָתִי "Ephrathite" H0673H)
§ Ephrath or Ephratah = "ash-heap: place of fruitfulness"
1) a place near Bethel where Rachel died and was buried
2) another name for Bethlehem
3) wife of Caleb
אֶפְרָ֫תָה (eph.ra.tah) — Ephrath.
Ephrath or Ephratah = "ash-heap: place of fruitfulness"
Another name of bet le.chem (בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם "Bethlehem" H1035G)
N-proper — Noun proper feminineHNpf
Or EPHRATAH
1. The second wife of Caleb, and mother of Hur, 1Ch 2:19; supposed by some to have given her name to the city of Ephrath or Beth-lehem, 1Ch 2:50,51 4:4. Compare Ge 35:16,19. Elimelech was an Ephrathite of Bethlehem, Ru 1:2 4:11; so also was David, 1Sa 17:12.
2. A name of Ephraim and Ephreimites, 1Sa 1:1 1Ki 11:26 Ps 132:6.
→ See EPHRATAH
The Hebrew word יָלַד (*yalad*) means to bear, bring forth, or beget, and it encompasses various forms of childbirth and lineage declaration. It can refer to both the act of giving birth and the role of a midwife. The entries also note its use in contexts of distress and wicked behavior, as well as in reference to birthdays.
יָלַד 497 vb. bear, bring forth, beget
Qal
bear, bring forth
less often beget
of both parents
Niph. be born
Pi. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
Pu. be born
Hiph.
beget (a father a child)
bear
Hoph. day of one's being born = birthday
Hithp. declared their pedigree
base
H3205 יָלַד bear, bring forth, beget .. bear, bring forth
. less often beget
. of both parents
. be born
. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
. be born
. . beget (a father a child)
. bear
. day of one's being born = birthday
. declared their pedigree
3205 yalad yaw-lad'
a primitive root; to bear young; causatively, to beget;
medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show
lineage:--bear, beget, birth((-day)), born, (make to) bring
forth (children, young), bring up, calve, child, come, be
delivered (of a child), time of delivery, gender, hatch,
labour, (do the office of a) midwife, declare pedigrees, be
the son of, (woman in, woman that) travail(-eth, -ing woman).
יָלַד (ya.lad) — to beget.
1) to bear, bringforth, beget, gender, travail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to bear, bring forth
1a1a) of child birth
1a1b) of distress (simile)
1a1c) of wicked (behaviour)
1a2) to beget
1b) (Niphal) to be born
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cause or help to bring forth
1c2) to assist or tend as a midwife
1c3) midwife (participle)
1d) (Pual) to be born
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to beget (a child)
1e2) to bear (fig. -of wicked bringing forth iniquity)
1f) (Hophal) day of birth, birthday (infinitive)
1g) (Hithpael) to declare one's birth (pedigree)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person feminine singularHc/Vqw3fs
bor: According to the Book of the Covenant (Ex 20:20-23:33) a slave whom his master had purchased was to be released after six years. Should he choose to remain in his master's service a religious ceremony was necessary to ratify his decision. "Then his master shall bring him unto God" (better than "unto the judges" of the King James Version), "and shall bring him to the door, or unto the doorpost; and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl" (Ex 21:6). It is highly improbable that "unto God" means "to a sanctuary"; for there was no special reason for performing this ceremony near the door of a sanctuary. On the other hand the entrance to a private house was a sacred spot. According to primitive thinking near the door dwelt the household gods whose function it was to…
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
חוּר (chur) refers to a name associated with several individuals in the Old Testament, including a chief assistant to Moses and Aaron, and a Judahite. The entries indicate that Hur is linked to various roles, such as a king of Midian and a family head during the return from exile. Notably, he is also the grandfather of Bezaleel, the chief craftsman of the tabernacle.
חוּר n.pr.m.
named with Aaron as compan. of Moses
a Judahite
a king of Midian
head of fam. of returned exiles
officer of Sol.
base
H2354 חוּר . named with Aaron as compan. of Moses
. a Judahite
. a king of Midian
. head of fam. of returned exiles
. officer of Sol.
2354 Chuwr khoor
the same as 2353 or 2352; Chur, the name of four Israelites
and one Midianite:--Hur.
see HEBREW for 02353
see HEBREW for 02352
חוּר (chur) — Hur.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.17.10;
son of: Caleb (H3612H) and Ephrathah (H0672);
half-brother of: Jesher (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056), Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647), Shaaph (H8174H), Sheva (H7724) and Achsah (H5915H);
father of: Uri (H0221), Shobal (H7732H), Salma (H8007H), Hareph (H2780), Jezreel (H3157J), Ishma (H3457), Idbash (H3031), Hazzelelponi (H6753), Penuel (H6439H) and Ezer (H5829)
§ Hur = "hole"
1) a chief assistant to Moses and Aaron
2) grandfather of Bezaleel, the chief artificer of the tabernacle; possibly the same as 1 above
3) the 4th of the 5 kings of Midian who were slain with Balaam after Peor
4) father of Rephaiah in the time of Nehemiah
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
hur (chur):
(1) A prominent official in Israel. With Aaron he held up Moses' hands during the battle against the Amalekites (Ex 17:10,12) and assisted him as judicial head of the people during Moses' stay in the mount (Ex 24:14).
(2) Grandfather of Bezalel, the head artificer in the construction of the Tabernacle (Ex 31:2; 35:30; 38:22; 2Ch 1:5). He is here assigned to the tribe of Judah, and in 1Ch is connected with the same by descent through Caleb (2:19,20,50; 4:1,4). Josephus (Ant., III, ii, 4; vi, 1) makes him identical with (1) and the husband of Miriam.
Hur
A hole, as of a viper, etc. (1.) A son of Caleb (1 Chr. 2:19, 50; 4:1, 4; comp. 2 Chr. 1:5).
(2.) The husband of Miriam, Moses’ sister (Ex. 17:10-12). He was associated with Aaron in charge of the people when Moses was absent on Sinai (Ex. 24:14). He was probably of the tribe of Judah, and grandfather of Bezaleel (Ex. 31:2; 35:30; 1 Chr. 2:19).
(3.) One of the five princes of Midian who were defeated and slain by the Israelites under the command of Phinehas (Num. 31:8).
A chief man among the Hebrews in the desert, associated with Aaron in upholding the hands of Moses at Rephidim, and in supplying his place while on the summit of Sinai, Ex 17:10; 24:14.
liberty; whiteness; hole