1 Chronicles 1:12 — Word Study
WLCוְֽאֶת־ פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים וְאֶת־ כַּסְלֻחִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצְא֥וּ מִשָּׁ֛ם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וְאֶת־ כַּפְתֹּרִֽים׃ ס
BSAthe PathrusitesPathruçîy [people of Pathros, a region in southern Egypt] the CasluhitesKaçluchîym [descended from the Egyptians] from whomʼăsher the PhilistinesPᵉlishtîy cameyâtsâʼ■ and the CaphtoritesKaphtôrîy [inhabitants of Caphtor, an island also known as Crete]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְֽאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים | [the] Pathrusites | Noun proper |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| כַּסְלֻחִ֗ים | [the] Casluhites | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲשֶׁ֨ר | whom | Particle |
| יָצְא֥וּ | they came forth | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
| מִשָּׁ֛ם | from there | Preposition, adverb |
| פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים | [the] Philistines | Noun gentilic, masculine plural absolute |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| כַּפְתֹּרִֽים׃ ס | [the] Caphtorites | Noun gentilic, masculine plural absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | the Pathrusites, the Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came), and the Caphtorites. |
| KJV | And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) and Caphthorim. |
| ASV | and Pathrusim, and Casluhim (from whence came the Philistines), and Caphtorim. |
| YLT | and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim (from whom came out the Philistim), and the Caphtorim. |
| WEB | Pathrusim, Casluhim (where the Philistines came from), and Caphtorim. |
| BBE | And the Pathrusim and the Casluhim and the Caphtorim (from whom came the Philistines). |
Where they part company is in the additional context provided for the Casluhites and Caphtorites.
This verse consists of a single main clause listing the descendants, emphasizing their collective identity.
5 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott, AdamClarke & more — read them ›
clause
subjectפְּלִשְׁתִּי
verbיָצָא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 1:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Descendants of Mizraimgenerated
1 Chronicles 1:12 provides a genealogical account of the descendants of Mizraim, detailing specific groups such as the Pathrusites, Casluhites, and Caphtorites. This verse shows the connections between these peoples and their significance in the broader narrative of Israel's history, particularly noting the Philistines' origins from the Casluhites.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deuteronomy 2:23 | And the Avvim, who lived in villages as far as Gaza, were destroyed by the Caphtorites, who came out of Caphtor and settled in their place.) |
| 2 | Jeremiah 47:4 | For the day has come to destroy all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every remaining ally. Indeed, the LORD is about to destroy the Philistines, the remnant from the coasts of Caphtor. |
| 3 | Amos 9:7 | “Are you not like the Cushites to Me, O children of Israel?” declares the LORD. “Did I not bring Israel up from the land of Egypt, the Philistines from Caphtor, and the Arameans from Kir? |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים, pat.ru.Simgenerated
The term פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים (Pathrusim) refers to a group of people from Pathros, a region in southern Egypt. This word is a proper noun and appears only twice in the Bible, indicating its specific cultural and geographical significance.
The Pathrusites are mentioned in the context of the descendants of Mizraim, linking them to the broader lineage of the Egyptian tribes. Their identification as a distinct group helps to understand the historical relationships between these ancient peoples.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In the Berean Standard Bible, the term is rendered as the Pathrusites, which is consistent across most translations, including the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb in this verse is יָצְא֥וּ, they came forth, which governs the subject פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים, the Philistines. The structure lists the three groups as noun phrases that serve as the object of the verb, creating a clear genealogical connection.
The Hebrew word order emphasizes the subjects and their origins, with the verb indicating the action of coming forth from a specific location, thus establishing the lineage and movement of these peoples.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint does not provide a direct translation for the terms in this verse, indicating a possible variation in the understanding or significance of these groups in the Greek-speaking Jewish community. The absence of a direct correspondence suggests a nuanced interpretation of their identities.
The lack of a Greek equivalent for פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים may imply that the translators viewed the Pathrusites differently, perhaps as less significant or more localized than the other groups mentioned.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 1:12 lists the descendants of Mizraim, including the Pathrusites, Casluhites, and Caphtorites. The Casluhites are noted as the ancestors of the Philistines, showing their historical significance in the biblical narrative.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The Pathrusites are a group of people from Pathros, a region in southern Egypt, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 1:12.
The Casluhites are significant as they are identified as the ancestors of the Philistines, which plays a role in the historical conflicts with Israel.
The Caphtorites are named after Caphtor, an island identified with Crete, and are mentioned as descendants of Mizraim.
This genealogy provides insight into the origins of various peoples and their relationships, highlighting the interconnectedness of ancient nations.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about the relationships between these ancient peoples from this genealogy?
- How does understanding the origins of the Philistines enhance our reading of their interactions with Israel?
- In what ways do genealogies like this one contribute to our understanding of biblical history?
- How can we apply the lessons from these ancient lineages to our understanding of community and identity today?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 1:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) and Caphthorim.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 1 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleOf whom came the Philistines; of which See Poole "".
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 1 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersTHE SONS OF HAM, THE DARK-SKINNED OR SWARTHY (1 Chronicles 1:8-16). (8) Cush.—The Greek Meroλ, Assyrian Miluhha, or Kϋsu, south of Egypt, in our Bibles often called Ethiopia (Isaiah 19:1). The Arabic gives Habesh, i.e., Ethiopia. Mizraim.—The common Hebrew name of Egypt: strictly, “the two Miηrs”—i.e., Upper and Lower Egypt. But the name should rather be spelt Mizrim—the Egyptians; the form Mizraim being probably a mere fancy of the Jewish punctuators. The Assyrians wrote Muηum, Muηru, Muηur. The Inscription of Darius has Miηir. Maητr was the name of the wall which protected Egypt on the north-east. Hence it gave its name to the whole of Lower Egypt.—Cush and Muηur are coupled together in…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 1 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. Caphthorim.] "The Cappadocians." - T.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 1 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. Pathrusim] the inhabitants of Pathros (Isaiah 11:11), i.e. Upper Egypt. Casluhim] not identified. of whom came the Philistines] R.V. from whence. Elsewhere (Jeremiah 47:4; Amos 9:7; cp. Deuteronomy 2:23) the Philistines are said to have come from Caphtor; and it is possible that this clause has been misplaced and that it should follow Caphtorim. Caphthorim] R.V. Caphtorim. Perhaps Crete is meant by Caphtor, and the inhabitants of Crete by Caphtorim, but nothing is certainly known of either word.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 1 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
the Pathrusites, the Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came), and the Caphtorites.
Pathrusim, Casluhim (where the Philistines came from), and Caphtorim.
the Pathrusites, the Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came), and the Caphtorites.
Pathrusites, Casluhites (from whom the Philistines descended ), and the Caphtorites.
Tyndale line
And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) and Caphthorim.
and Pathrusim, and Casluhim (from whence came the Philistines), and Caphtorim.
and Pathrusim, and Casluhim (from whence came the Philistines), and Caphtorim.
And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) and Caphthorim.
Pathrusim also, and Casluhim, of whome came the Philistims, and Caphtorim.
Strictly literal
and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim out of whom came the Philistines, and the Caphtorim.
and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim (from whom came out the Philistim), and the Caphtorim.
and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim (from whom the Philistim came out), and the Caphtorim.
And the Pathrussim, and the Cassluchim, of whom came the Philistines, and the Caphthorim.
Pathrusites, Kasluhites (from whom the Philistines came), and the Caphtorites.
From the Latin
Phetrusim also, and Casluim: from whom came the Philistines, and Caphtorim.
Simplified
Pathrusites, Casluhites, and Caphtorites (ancestors of the Philistines),.
And the Pathrusim and the Casluhim and the Caphtorim (from whom came the Philistines).
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text lists the Pathrusites, Casluhites, and Caphtorites as descendants of Mizraim, while the Septuagint matches 7 of the 10 words but does not provide a complete translation. This suggests some agreement in content but potential differences in emphasis or interpretation.
וְֽאֶת־ פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים וְאֶת־ כַּסְלֻחִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצְא֥וּ מִשָּׁ֛ם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וְאֶת־ כַּפְתֹּרִֽים׃ ס
7 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 1:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
פַּתְרֻסִים (Pathruciy) refers to the Pathrusim, a group of people descended from Pathros, a region in Egypt. The term is used in the context of the descendants of various Egyptian tribes mentioned in Genesis 10:14. It is identified as a patrial form derived from another Hebrew word, indicating its connection to the inhabitants of Pathros.
פַּתְרֻסִים adj.gent.pl. of foregoing [q.ef.ac], as subst.
base
H6625 פַּתְרֻסִים
6625 Pathruciy path-roo-see'
patrial from 6624; a Pathrusite, or inhabitant of
Pathros:--Pathrusim.
see HEBREW for 06624
פַּתְרֻסִים (pat.ru.si) — Pathrusim.
People descended from Pathrus(?) of the Egyptians, first mentioned at Gen.10.14; descended from Egypt (H4714); along with Ludim (H3866), Anamim (H6047), Lehabim (H3853), Naphtuhim (H5320), Casluhim (H3695) and Caphtorim (H3732)
§ Pathrusim, of Pathros "region of the south"
inhabitants of Pathros
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
כַּסְלֻחִים (kasluchim) refers to the Casluhim, a people likely of foreign origin related to the Egyptians. They are mentioned in Genesis 10:14 as descendants of Mizraim (Egypt) and are noted as progenitors of the Philistines and Caphtorim. The term may mean 'fortified,' but its exact identification remains unclear.
כַּסְלֻחִים n.pr.gent. not identif.
base
H3695 כַּסְלֻחִים not identif.
3695 Kacluchiym kas-loo'-kheem
a plural probably of foreign derivation; Casluchim, a people
cognate to the Egyptians:--Casluhim.
כַּסְלֻחִים (kas.lu.chim) — Casluhim.
People descended from Casluch(?) of the Egyptians, first mentioned at Gen.10.14; descended from Egypt (H4714); along with Ludim (H3866), Anamim (H6047), Lehabim (H3853), Naphtuhim (H5320), Pathrusim (H6625) and Caphtorim (H3732);
progenitors of: the Philistine (H6430);
§ Casluhim = "fortified"
a people or tribe descended from Mizraim (Egypt) progenitors of the Philistines and Caphtorim
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
Rel — ParticleHTr
יָצָא (yatsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to go or come out, with various applications including departure, escape, and emergence. It can refer to both animate and inanimate subjects and emphasizes the idea of origin or source. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating actions like leading out or being brought forth.
יָצָא 1068 vb. go or come out
Qal
go or come out or forth
from (מִן) a place
go forth from (the presence of) a person
in technical senses
of flight, involving escape
depart
of inanimate things
with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
of children as going forth from loins (of father)
go forth to a place
go forward, proceed to or toward something
come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
of combinations
Hiph.
cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
bring out animals
inanimate obj.
fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
Hoph. be brought forth
base
H3318 יָצָא go or come out .. go or come out or forth . from (מִן) a place
. go forth from (the presence of) a person
. in technical senses
. of flight, involving escape
. depart
. of inanimate things
. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
. of children as going forth from loins (of father)
. . go forth to a place
. go forward, proceed to or toward something
. come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
. of combinations
. . cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
. fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
. bring out animals
. inanimate obj.
. fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
. be brought forth
3318 yatsa' yaw-tsaw'
a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great
variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct
and proxim.:--X after, appear, X assuredly, bear out, X
begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come
(abroad, out, thereat, without), + be condemned,
depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact,
fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence,
out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out),
going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out,
lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, X
scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring
out, stand out, X still, X surely, take forth (out), at any
time, X to (and fro), utter.
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: come.
: come/go_out/escape
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: send.
: send/take_out/release
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
forth: "Forth," adverb (from "for"), signifies movement
(1) forward,
(2) out of,
(3) beyond a certain boundary.
In a few instances in the Old Testament it is the translation of the preposition `al, properly "above," "upon" (2Ki 11:15; 2Ch 23:14; Am 7:17 the King James Version), and of chuts, "without" (Ge 39:13; Jud 19:25). "Forth" is often used as an expletive of various verbs, as "break (forth)," "bring (forth)," "call (forth)," etc. In the Gospel of John it is the translation of exo, "without," as "Lazarus, come forth" (11:43; so 15:6; 19:4 the King James Version…
שָׁם (sham) is a Hebrew adverb meaning 'there' or 'thither,' indicating a location or direction. It can also refer to a point in time, translating to 'then.' The word is derived from a relative pronoun and is used in various contexts, including movement and temporal references.
שָׁם adv. there, thither
base
H8033 שָׁם there, thither
8033 sham shawm
a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, 834);
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or
thence:--in it, + thence, there (-in, + of, + out), +
thither, + whither.
see HEBREW for 0834
שָׁם (sham) — there.
1) there, thither
1a) there
1b) thither (after verbs of motion)
1c) from there, thence
1d) then (as an adverb of time)
Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (תַּמָּה "there" H8536)
שָׁם (sham) — (Jerusalem) Is There.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
This name means there, thither
HR/D — Preposition · adverbHR/D
The Hebrew word פְּלִשְׁתִּי (*pelishtiy*) means 'Philistine' and refers to an inhabitant of Philistia, with roots indicating they are descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor. It is derived from the lemma for Philistia, פְּלֶ֫שֶׁת (*peleshet*), and is first mentioned in Genesis 10:14.
פְּלִשְׁתִּי 288 adj.gent. Philistine
base
H6430 פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
6430 Plishtiy pel-ish-tee'
patrial from 6429; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of
Pelesheth:--Philistine.
see HEBREW for 06429
פְּלִשְׁתִּי (pe.lish.ti) — Philistine.
Philistine = "immigrants"
an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan
Another spelling of pe.le.shet (פְּלֶ֫שֶׁת "Philistia" H6429)
פְּלִשְׁתִּי (pe.lish.ti) — Philistine.
A Philistine living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.14;
son of: Casluhim (H3695)
§ Philistine = "immigrants"
an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan
פְּלִשְׁתִּי (pe.lish.ti) — (Sea of the) Philistines.
Philistine = "immigrants"
an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan
Another name of ga.dol (גָּדוֹל "Great( Sea)" H1419J)
Ngmpa — Noun gentilic · masculine plural absoluteHNgmpa
fi-lis'-tinz, fil'-is-tinz, fil'-is-tinz (pelishtim; Phulistieim, allophuloi):
I. OLD TESTAMENT NOTICES
1. Race and Origin
2. Religion
3. Individual Philistines Mentioned
4. Title of Ruler and Circumcision
5. History in the Old Testament to Death of Saul
6. History Continued to Time of Ahaz
7. Later Notices
II. MONUMENTAL NOTICES
1. Palestinian Excavations
2. Egyptian Monuments
3. Assyrian Texts
III. THE CRETAN THEORY
1. Cherethim and Kretes
2. Caphtor and Keft
IV. DAVID'S GUARDS
1. The "Cherethi" and the "Pelethi" Not Mercenaries
2. Meaning of These Terms
3. Native Hebrews
4. Review
LITERATURE
I. Old Testament Notices.
1. Race and Origin:
The Philistines were an uncircumcised people inhabiting the shore plain between Gezer and Gaza in Southwestern Palestine (see PHILISTIA). The name Palestine itself (Hebrew pelesheth) refers to their country. The word means "migrants," and they came from another country. They…
Philistines
(Gen. 10:14, R.V.; but in A.V., “Philistim”), a tribe allied to the Phoenicians. They were a branch of the primitive race which spread over the whole district of the Lebanon and the valley of the Jordan, and Crete and other Mediterranean islands. Some suppose them to have been a branch of the Rephaim (2 Sam. 21:16-22). In the time of Abraham they inhabited the south-west of Judea, Abimelech of Gerar being their king (Gen. 21:32, 34; 26:1). They are, however, not noticed among the Canaanitish tribes mentioned in the Pentateuch. They are spoken of by Amos (9:7) and Jeremiah (47:4) as from Caphtor, i.e., probably Crete, or, as some think, the Delta of Egypt. In the whole record from Exodus to Samuel they are…
(immigrants), The origin of the Philistines is nowhere expressly stated in the Bible; but as the prophets describe them as "the Philistines-from Caphtor," (Amos 9:7) and "the remnant of the maritime district of Caphtor" (Jeremiah 47:4) it is prima facie probable that they were the Caphtorim which came out of Caphtor" who expelled the Avim from their territory and occupied it; in their place, (2:23) and that these again were the Caphtorim mentioned in the Mosaic genealogical table among the descendants of Mizraim. (Genesis 10:14) It has been generally assumed that Caphtor represents Crete, and that the Philistines migrated from that island, either directly or through Egypt, into Palestine. But the name Caphtor is more probably…
A celebrated people, who inhabited the southern seacoast of Canaan, which from them took the name of Philistia, Ps 60:8 108:9, or Palestine. They seem originally to have migrated form Egypt to Caphtor, by which some understand Crete, and others with the ancients Cappadocia, Ge 10:14, and thence to have passed over to Palestine under the name of Caphtorim, where they drove out the Avim, who dwelt from Hazerim to Azzah, that is, Gaza, and swelt in their stead, De 2:23. The country they inhabited lay between the higher land of Judea and the Mediterranean, and was in the main a level and fertile territory. It resembles our own western prairies; and bears splendid crops year after year, though miserably cultivated and never manured.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
כַּפְתֹּרִי (Kaphtoriy) refers to the Cretans, specifically the inhabitants of Caphtor, which is identified with Crete. The term is derived from a root meaning 'to crown' and is associated with a group mentioned in Genesis 10:14, descended from Egypt. It is used collectively to denote the Caphtorim.
[כַּפְתֹּרִי] adj.gent., only pl. as subst. Cretans
base
H3732 כַּפְתֹּרִי Cretans
3732 Kaphtoriy kaf-to-ree'
patrial from 3731; a Caphtorite (collectively) or native of
Caphtor:--Caphthorim, Caphtorim(-s).
see HEBREW for 03731
כַּפְתֹּרִי (kaph.to.ri) — Caphtorim.
Someone from Caphtor (Crete) of the Egyptians, first mentioned at Gen.10.14; descended from Egypt (H4714); along with Ludim (H3866), Anamim (H6047), Lehabim (H3853), Naphtuhim (H5320), Pathrusim (H6625) and Casluhim (H3695)
§ Caphtorim, of Caphtor "a crown"
Cretans as the inhabitants of Caphtor as distinct from the Philistines
Ngmpa — Noun gentilic · masculine plural absoluteHNgmpa