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Isaiah 63:10
Verse
Context
God’s Mercies Recalled
9In all their distress, He too was afflicted, and the Angel of His Presence saved them. In His love and compassion He redeemed them; He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old. 10But they rebelled and grieved His Holy Spirit. So He turned and became their enemy, and He Himself fought against them.
Sermons
David Wilkerson
Robert Murray M'Cheyne
Alan Martin
Art Katz
John Gill
A.B. SimpsonSummary
Commentary
- Adam Clarke
- Keil-Delitzsch
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
And he fought against them - Twenty-six MSS. (ten ancient) and the first edition, with another, add the conjunction ו vau, והוא vehu, and he.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary
Israel's ingratitude. "But they resisted and vexed His Holy Spirit: then He turned to be their enemy; He made war upon them." Not only has ועצּבוּ (to cause cutting pain) קדשׁו את־רוּח as its object, but מרוּ has the same (on the primary meaning, see at Isa 3:8). In other cases, the object of merōth (hamrōth) is Jehovah, or His word, His promise, His providence, hence Jehovah himself in the revelations of His nature in word and deed; here it is the spirit of holiness, which is distinguished from Him as a personal existence. For just as the angel who is His face, i.e., the representation of His nature, is designated as a person both by His name and also by the redeeming activity ascribed to Him; so also is the Spirit of holiness, by the fact that He can be grieved, and therefore can feel grief (compare Eph 4:30, "Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God"). Hence Jehovah, and the angel of His face, and the Spirit of His holiness, are distinguished as three persons, but so that the two latter derive their existence from the first, which is the absolute ground of the Deity, and of everything that is divine. Now, if we consider that the angel of Jehovah was indeed an angel, but that he was the angelic anticipation of the appearance of God the Mediator "in the flesh," and served to foreshadow Him "who, as the image of the invisible God" (Col 1:15), as "the reflection of His glory and the stamp of His nature" (Heb 1:3), is not merely a temporary medium of self-manifestation, but the perfect personal self-manifestation of the divine pânı̄m, we have here an unmistakeable indication of the mystery of the triune nature of God the One, which was revealed in history in the New Testament work of redemption. The subject to ויּהפך is Jehovah, whose Holy Spirit they troubled. He who proved Himself to be their Father (cf., Deu 32:6), became, through the reaction of His holiness, the very reverse of what He wished to be. He turned to be their enemy; הוּא, He, the most fearful of all foes, made war against them. This is the way in which we explain Isa 63:10, although with this explanation it would have to be accentuated differently, viz., ויהפך mahpach, להם pashta, לאויב zakeph, הוא tiphchah, נלחם־בם silluk. The accentuation as we find it takes נלחם־בם הוא as an attributive clause: "to an enemy, who made war against them."
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
vexed--grieved (Psa 78:40; Psa 95:10; Act 7:51; Eph 4:30; Heb 3:10, Heb 3:17). he fought--rather, "He it was that fought," namely, the angel of His presence [HORSLEY], (Lam 2:5).
John Gill Bible Commentary
But they rebelled,.... Against the Lord, not withstanding he thought so well of them; did so many good things for them; sympathized with them, and showed them so many favours; wretched ingratitude! they rebelled against the Lord in the times of Moses, at the Red sea, and in the wilderness, by their murmurings, unbelief, and idolatry; wherefore he calls them a rebellious people, and says they were such from the day he had been with them; and so in later times, in the times of the judges, and of the prophets Isaiah and Ezekiel, they rebelled against God their Parent, Protector, and King; see Deu 9:7 and so they did in the times of Christ, whom they rejected as the Messiah, and disowned as their King, and still continue in their rebellion, Luk 19:14, and vexed his Holy Spirit; the Spirit of God the Father, who pitied them in all their afflictions; or the Spirit of the Angel of his presence, that redeemed and saved them; for the Spirit is both the Spirit of the Father and of the Son; and he is holy in his nature and operations, and the author of sanctification in the hearts of his people; him they vexed and provoked to anger against them, speaking after the manner of men, by their sins and transgressions; rejecting his counsels and instructions by Moses, and by the prophets in later times, in and by whom he spake unto them, and by the apostles in Gospel times; for the Jews, as their fathers before them ever did, resisted the Holy Spirit of God in the evidence he gave of the Messiah, which must be very provoking, Act 7:51. The Targum paraphrases it, the word of his holy prophets; and so Kimchi and Ben Melech interpret it; and according to some, in Aben Ezra, the Angel of glory is meant, who went before the people of Israel, whom they were charged not to provoke, Exo 23:20, therefore he was turned to be their enemy; not that there is any change in God, or any turn in him from love to hatred; but he may, and sometimes does, so appear in his providential dispensations towards his people, as to seem to be their enemy, and to be thought to be so by them, Job 13:24. The Targum is, and his Word became their enemy; compare with this Luk 19:27, and he fought against them; as he threatened he would when they behaved ill towards him; and as he actually did when he brought the sword upon them, gave them up into the hands of their enemies, as often in the times of the judges, and particularly when the king of Babylon came against them; see Lev 26:25 and as the Messiah did when he brought the Roman armies against them, and destroyed their city, to which times this prophecy is thought by some to have respect, and not without reason.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
63:10 But they rebelled: See also 1:2, 4; 59:1-15; Pss 78, 106. • Persistent disobedience and unbelief grieved his Holy Spirit (Ps 106:33; Matt 12:32; Mark 3:29). • he became their enemy: Examples include Israel’s period of wandering in the wilderness (see the book of Numbers), the period of the judges (see the book of Judges), and the period leading up to the Exile (see the book of Jeremiah).
Isaiah 63:10
God’s Mercies Recalled
9In all their distress, He too was afflicted, and the Angel of His Presence saved them. In His love and compassion He redeemed them; He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old. 10But they rebelled and grieved His Holy Spirit. So He turned and became their enemy, and He Himself fought against them.
- Scripture
- Sermons
- Commentary
Getting to Know the Holy Spirit
By David Wilkerson5.9K41:31ISA 63:10AMO 5:4JHN 14:16ROM 8:22ROM 8:26GAL 5:17
This sermon focuses on the importance of getting to know the Holy Spirit as described in John 14:16. It emphasizes the ministry of the Holy Spirit, including comfort, sonship, and intercession. The speaker highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the Holy Spirit's work in our lives, especially in times of turmoil and spiritual warfare. The message encourages believers to trust in the Holy Spirit's power and to engage in heartfelt prayer and fellowship with Him.
The Ten Virgins (Reading)
By Robert Murray M'Cheyne3.3K1:03:16GEN 6:3ISA 63:10HOS 7:16MAT 6:33MAT 7:24MAT 25:1ACT 7:51In this sermon, Reverend Robert Murray McChain focuses on the parable of the ten virgins from Matthew 25:1-13. He addresses the congregation, dividing them into two classes: the wise and the foolish. The wise are those who have the gift of the Holy Spirit and show genuine sympathy and grace. They speak the language of Canaan and have a true relationship with God. On the other hand, the foolish are those who only profess their faith but lack the genuine presence of the Holy Spirit. Reverend McChain warns the unconverted members of the congregation about the consequences of their actions, urging them to repent and turn to God before it is too late.
Murmuring Against One Another
By Alan Martin1.9K00:00MurmuringNUM 14:1NUM 14:27PSA 78:40ISA 63:10JAS 1:19JAS 1:26In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of controlling one's tongue and being slow to anger. He encourages listeners to be quick to hear and slow to speak, showing restraint and wisdom. The speaker acknowledges the struggle with anger and urges listeners to repent and despise themselves when they realize their own sinfulness. He reminds them of God's steadfast love and mercy, highlighting the need to extend the same grace to others and not hold their sins against them. The sermon emphasizes the ministry of reconciliation and the importance of not keeping a record of wrongs.
Christ Our Life - Part 1
By Art Katz1.9K59:27ChristGEN 6:14EXO 20:3ISA 63:10MAT 16:24JHN 15:4COL 1:27In this sermon, the speaker shares his personal experience of preparing for a speaking engagement. He describes how he fasted for five days in order to seek God's guidance and inspiration for his message. Despite feeling inadequate and haunted by past criticisms, he ultimately learns to trust in God's enablement. The speaker emphasizes the importance of availing oneself of God's power and not relying solely on human effort.
The Primary and Secondary Causes of a National Crisis
By Mike Bickle2259:51National CrisisGod's JudgmentISA 24:5ISA 63:10JER 23:17EZK 13:10JOL 1:15AMO 3:7MAT 20:28LUK 12:49ROM 8:21REV 19:19Mike Bickle discusses the primary and secondary causes of national crises, emphasizing that in the generation of the Lord's return, every nation will face significant crises alongside a spirit of revival. He highlights the importance of understanding God's role in judgment, asserting that while crises may stem from various sources, God's zeal for relationship with His people is the primary cause. Bickle warns against the tendency to attribute crises solely to natural disasters or human actions, urging believers to seek God's favor through repentance and alignment with His will. He stresses that the church must not shy away from discussing God's judgments, as they are expressions of His love and desire for restoration. Ultimately, Bickle calls for a collective response from God's people to turn back to Him in humility and faith.
Of the Hatred of God.
By John Gill0God's HatredSin and RighteousnessPSA 5:5PSA 97:10PRO 6:16ISA 63:10AMO 5:15ZEC 8:17MAL 1:2MAT 7:23ROM 3:5ROM 9:11John Gill addresses the concept of God's hatred, clarifying that while God does not hate His creatures, He does hate sin and the actions of sinners. He emphasizes that God's hatred is not a passion like human emotions but is rooted in His perfect holiness and justice. Gill explains that God's love for righteousness necessitates a hatred for unrighteousness, and this is reflected in His will to punish sin and sinners. He also discusses the distinction between God's love for the elect and His comparative hatred for the non-elect, which is based on His sovereign will rather than any inherent malice. Ultimately, God's hatred is directed towards sin, while His love remains steadfast for His chosen people.
Hindering the Holy Spirit
By A.B. Simpson0Hindering the Holy SpiritSensitivity to God's VoiceACT 7:51ISA 63:10MAT 12:31JHN 14:26ROM 8:9GAL 5:25EPH 4:301TH 5:19HEB 10:29JAS 4:4A.B. Simpson emphasizes the importance of not hindering the Holy Spirit in our lives and communities. He explains that we can quench, grieve, and resist the Holy Spirit through disobedience, doubt, and worldly distractions. Simpson warns against the dangers of pride, criticism, and formalism in worship that can stifle the Spirit's work. He encourages believers to remain sensitive to the Spirit's leading and to foster an environment of faith and obedience to fully experience His presence and power. Ultimately, he calls for a deep reverence for the Holy Spirit, urging us to avoid actions that could lead to spiritual apathy or rejection of God's grace.
Personal Meditations on Powerful Texts
By Tim King0ISA 63:10Tim King delivers a powerful sermon on the importance of intercessory prayer and standing in the gap before God to prevent His judgment. Drawing from Ezekiel 22:30, he emphasizes the critical need for individuals who will build up spiritual walls and intercede for the church and the nation, highlighting the consequences of pride and rebellion. King urges the congregation to learn from biblical examples like Moses and to actively engage in fervent prayer to avert God's judgment and bring about revival.
Epistle 317
By George Fox0Unity in ChristGospel OrderISA 63:10JHN 12:36ACT 26:182CO 5:19EPH 4:301TH 5:19HEB 12:21PE 1:121JN 1:1REV 14:6George Fox emphasizes the importance of returning to the light and power of God, urging believers to be reconciled with Him through the eternal gospel. He warns against the spirit of confusion that seeks to undermine the established meetings for men and women, which are rooted in divine order and the Holy Spirit. Fox encourages the faithful to maintain their possessions in the gospel's power, asserting that true unity and liberty come from being in Christ and His teachings. He cautions against those who oppose the gospel order, reminding the congregation that the power of God will ultimately prevail over all false spirits and orders. His message is a call to live in love, unity, and the practice of pure religion, which is essential for spiritual growth and community edification.
Power Hindered
By D.L. Moody0Limiting God's PowerThe Holy SpiritPSA 78:41ISA 63:10MAT 12:22ACT 7:51EPH 4:30D.L. Moody discusses how the people of Israel limited the power of God by vexing and grieving the Holy Spirit through their rebellion and disobedience. He emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing the special sin against the Holy Spirit, which hinders God's work in our lives. Moody calls for self-examination and repentance to avoid such limitations and to fully embrace the power of the Holy Spirit.
God the Holy Spirit: His Personality
By Lewis Sperry Chafer0ISA 63:10JHN 4:24JHN 14:16JHN 14:26JHN 16:8ACT 13:2ROM 8:16ROM 8:26GAL 4:6GAL 5:18Lewis Sperry Chafer delves into the Bible teaching concerning the Holy Spirit, emphasizing the importance of recognizing His personality. The Spirit is shown to have personal attributes and to perform works that only a person can do, such as reproving, teaching, speaking, interceding, leading, and appointing. The Scriptures indicate the Spirit's personality through various activities and relationships, dispelling misconceptions that treat Him as a mere influence. Chafer highlights the Spirit as one of the Persons of the Godhead, coequal with the Father and the Son, possessing divine attributes and performing divine works.
Grieving the Holy Spirit--No. 1
By Charles Finney0Grieving the Holy SpiritSelf-ExaminationPSA 51:11PRO 4:23ISA 63:10MAT 12:36JHN 16:13ROM 8:26GAL 5:22EPH 4:301TH 5:19JAS 1:22Charles Finney emphasizes the importance of recognizing how our actions and attitudes can grieve the Holy Spirit, who is deeply affected by our moral choices. He outlines various ways in which we can cause this grief, including neglecting the truth, engaging in vain conversation, and harboring ill will or prejudice. Finney urges listeners to reflect on their personal conduct and the impact it has on their relationship with the Holy Spirit, stressing that every neglect of duty and selfish act can lead to spiritual consequences. The sermon serves as a call to self-examination and repentance, encouraging believers to align their lives with the truth and holiness that the Holy Spirit seeks to cultivate within them.
Epistle 217
By George Fox0EXO 34:24ISA 11:2ISA 59:8ISA 63:10DAN 4:3JHN 4:24JHN 8:44ROM 8:26ROM 14:13ROM 14:171CO 15:58EPH 4:16EPH 4:30PHP 2:1COL 2:23COL 4:61TH 5:192TI 3:16HEB 2:14HEB 3:5HEB 10:20HEB 12:91JN 5:9REV 3:11George Fox preaches about living in the power of God, which brings unity, peace, and joy, and overcomes strife and the works of the devil. He emphasizes the importance of dwelling in the truth, answering it in every person, and maintaining fellowship in the spirit of God. Fox encourages believers to pray, praise, and glorify God in the spirit of wisdom, avoiding actions that grieve or quench the spirit of God. He urges them to be led by the spirit, keep their fellowship with God, and preserve their meetings in the spirit against worldly influences.
On Grieving the Holy Spirit
By John Wesley0Grieving the Holy SpiritSpiritual GrowthPSA 51:11ISA 63:10JHN 14:26ROM 8:161CO 6:192CO 1:22GAL 5:22EPH 4:301TH 5:19HEB 10:29John Wesley emphasizes the importance of not grieving the Holy Spirit, who is essential for our spiritual growth and sanctification. He explains that grieving the Spirit occurs through our sins, particularly through inconsiderateness and presumptuous actions that defy God's will. Wesley highlights that the Holy Spirit's presence is a seal of our redemption, and by sinning, we risk losing this divine assurance and relationship. He urges believers to recognize the gravity of their actions and the profound love of the Holy Spirit, who desires to guide and transform us. Ultimately, Wesley calls for a deep awareness of our spiritual state and a commitment to live in harmony with the Holy Spirit's leading.
- Adam Clarke
- Keil-Delitzsch
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
And he fought against them - Twenty-six MSS. (ten ancient) and the first edition, with another, add the conjunction ו vau, והוא vehu, and he.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary
Israel's ingratitude. "But they resisted and vexed His Holy Spirit: then He turned to be their enemy; He made war upon them." Not only has ועצּבוּ (to cause cutting pain) קדשׁו את־רוּח as its object, but מרוּ has the same (on the primary meaning, see at Isa 3:8). In other cases, the object of merōth (hamrōth) is Jehovah, or His word, His promise, His providence, hence Jehovah himself in the revelations of His nature in word and deed; here it is the spirit of holiness, which is distinguished from Him as a personal existence. For just as the angel who is His face, i.e., the representation of His nature, is designated as a person both by His name and also by the redeeming activity ascribed to Him; so also is the Spirit of holiness, by the fact that He can be grieved, and therefore can feel grief (compare Eph 4:30, "Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God"). Hence Jehovah, and the angel of His face, and the Spirit of His holiness, are distinguished as three persons, but so that the two latter derive their existence from the first, which is the absolute ground of the Deity, and of everything that is divine. Now, if we consider that the angel of Jehovah was indeed an angel, but that he was the angelic anticipation of the appearance of God the Mediator "in the flesh," and served to foreshadow Him "who, as the image of the invisible God" (Col 1:15), as "the reflection of His glory and the stamp of His nature" (Heb 1:3), is not merely a temporary medium of self-manifestation, but the perfect personal self-manifestation of the divine pânı̄m, we have here an unmistakeable indication of the mystery of the triune nature of God the One, which was revealed in history in the New Testament work of redemption. The subject to ויּהפך is Jehovah, whose Holy Spirit they troubled. He who proved Himself to be their Father (cf., Deu 32:6), became, through the reaction of His holiness, the very reverse of what He wished to be. He turned to be their enemy; הוּא, He, the most fearful of all foes, made war against them. This is the way in which we explain Isa 63:10, although with this explanation it would have to be accentuated differently, viz., ויהפך mahpach, להם pashta, לאויב zakeph, הוא tiphchah, נלחם־בם silluk. The accentuation as we find it takes נלחם־בם הוא as an attributive clause: "to an enemy, who made war against them."
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
vexed--grieved (Psa 78:40; Psa 95:10; Act 7:51; Eph 4:30; Heb 3:10, Heb 3:17). he fought--rather, "He it was that fought," namely, the angel of His presence [HORSLEY], (Lam 2:5).
John Gill Bible Commentary
But they rebelled,.... Against the Lord, not withstanding he thought so well of them; did so many good things for them; sympathized with them, and showed them so many favours; wretched ingratitude! they rebelled against the Lord in the times of Moses, at the Red sea, and in the wilderness, by their murmurings, unbelief, and idolatry; wherefore he calls them a rebellious people, and says they were such from the day he had been with them; and so in later times, in the times of the judges, and of the prophets Isaiah and Ezekiel, they rebelled against God their Parent, Protector, and King; see Deu 9:7 and so they did in the times of Christ, whom they rejected as the Messiah, and disowned as their King, and still continue in their rebellion, Luk 19:14, and vexed his Holy Spirit; the Spirit of God the Father, who pitied them in all their afflictions; or the Spirit of the Angel of his presence, that redeemed and saved them; for the Spirit is both the Spirit of the Father and of the Son; and he is holy in his nature and operations, and the author of sanctification in the hearts of his people; him they vexed and provoked to anger against them, speaking after the manner of men, by their sins and transgressions; rejecting his counsels and instructions by Moses, and by the prophets in later times, in and by whom he spake unto them, and by the apostles in Gospel times; for the Jews, as their fathers before them ever did, resisted the Holy Spirit of God in the evidence he gave of the Messiah, which must be very provoking, Act 7:51. The Targum paraphrases it, the word of his holy prophets; and so Kimchi and Ben Melech interpret it; and according to some, in Aben Ezra, the Angel of glory is meant, who went before the people of Israel, whom they were charged not to provoke, Exo 23:20, therefore he was turned to be their enemy; not that there is any change in God, or any turn in him from love to hatred; but he may, and sometimes does, so appear in his providential dispensations towards his people, as to seem to be their enemy, and to be thought to be so by them, Job 13:24. The Targum is, and his Word became their enemy; compare with this Luk 19:27, and he fought against them; as he threatened he would when they behaved ill towards him; and as he actually did when he brought the sword upon them, gave them up into the hands of their enemies, as often in the times of the judges, and particularly when the king of Babylon came against them; see Lev 26:25 and as the Messiah did when he brought the Roman armies against them, and destroyed their city, to which times this prophecy is thought by some to have respect, and not without reason.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
63:10 But they rebelled: See also 1:2, 4; 59:1-15; Pss 78, 106. • Persistent disobedience and unbelief grieved his Holy Spirit (Ps 106:33; Matt 12:32; Mark 3:29). • he became their enemy: Examples include Israel’s period of wandering in the wilderness (see the book of Numbers), the period of the judges (see the book of Judges), and the period leading up to the Exile (see the book of Jeremiah).