Galatians 4:6
Verse
Context
Sermons
Kathryn Kuhlman
Paris Reidhead
Jim Logan
Bob JenningsParis Reidhead
B.H. ClendennenSummary
Commentary
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
And because ye are sons - By faith in Christ Jesus, being redeemed both from the bondage and curse of the law; God - the Father, called generally the first person of the glorious Trinity, hath sent forth the Spirit - the Holy Ghost, the second person of that Trinity, of his Son - Jesus Christ, the third person of the Trinity - crying, Abba, Father! from the fullest and most satisfactory evidence that God, the Father, Son, and Spirit, had become their portion. For the explanation of the phrase, and why the Greek and Syriac terms are joined together here, see the notes on Mar 14:36, and on Rom 8:15 (note).
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
because ye are sons--The gift of the Spirit of prayer is the consequence of our adoption. The Gentile Galatians might think, as the Jews were under the law before their adoption, that so they, too, must first be under the law. Paul, by anticipation, meets this objection by saying, YE ARE sons, therefore ye need not be as children (Gal 4:1) under the tutorship of the law, as being already in the free state of "sons" of God by faith in Christ (Gal 3:26), no longer in your nonage (as "children," Gal 4:1). The Spirit of God's only Begotten Son in your hearts, sent from, and leading you to cry to, the Father, attests your sonship by adoption: for the Spirit is the "earnest of your inheritance" (Rom 8:15-16; Eph 1:13). "It is because ye are sons that God sent forth" (the Greek requires this translation, not "hath sent forth") into OUR (so the oldest manuscripts read for "your," in English Version) hearts the Spirit of His son, crying, "Abba, Father" (Joh 1:12). As in Gal 4:5 he changed from "them," the third person, to "we," the first person, so here he changes from "ye," the second person, to "our," the first person: this he does to identify their case as Gentiles, with his own and that of his believing fellow countrymen, as Jews. In another point of view, though not the immediate one intended by the context, this verse expresses, "Because ye are sons (already in God's electing purpose of love), God sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts," &c.: God thus, by sending His Spirit in due time, actually conferring that sonship which He already regarded as a present reality ("are") because of His purpose, even before it was actually fulfilled. So Heb 2:13, where "the children" are spoken of as existing in His purpose, before their actual existence. the Spirit of his Son--By faith ye are one with the Son, so that what is His is yours; His Sonship ensures your sonship; His Spirit ensures for you a share in the same. "If any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of His" (Rom 8:9). Moreover, as the Spirit of God proceeds from God the Father, so the Spirit of the Son proceeds from the Son: so that the Holy Ghost, as the Creed says, "proceedeth from the Father and the Son." The Father was not begotten: the Son is begotten of the Father; the Holy Ghost proceeding from the Father and the Son. crying--Here the SPIRIT is regarded as the agent in praying, and the believer as His organ. In Rom 8:15, "The Spirit of adoption" is said to be that whereby WE cry, "Abba, Father"; but in Rom 8:26, "The SPIRIT ITSELF maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered." The believers' prayer is His prayer: hence arises its acceptability with God. Abba, Father--The Hebrew says, "Abba" (a Hebrew term), the Greek, "Father" ("Pater," a Greek term in the original), both united together in one Sonship and one cry of faith, "Abba, Father." So "Even so ('Nai,' Greek) Amen (Hebrew)," both meaning the same (Rev 1:7). Christ's own former cry is the believers' cry, "Abba, Father" (Mar 14:36).
John Gill Bible Commentary
And because ye are sons,.... That is of God, so some copies read; and the Ethiopic version, "inasmuch as ye are his sons"; not in so high a sense as Christ is the Son of God; nor in so low a sense as all men are his offspring; nor in such sense as magistrates are the children of the most High; nor merely on account of a profession of religion, as the "sons of God" was a phrase very early used of the worshippers of the true God; but by virtue of adoption, and which is not owing to the merits of men, who are by nature children of wrath, but to the free rich sovereign grace of God. It is a privilege and blessing of grace in which all the three persons are concerned. The Father has predestinated to it, and in the covenant has provided and laid it up; he set up his Son as the pattern to which these sons should be conformed, and proposed the glory of his own grace, as the end; by virtue of which act of grace they were considered as the children of God, as early as the gift of them to Christ; and so by him when he partook of their flesh and blood, and died to gather them together who were scattered abroad; see Heb 2:13. The Son of God has also an hand in this affair; for through his espousing their persons, they become the sons and daughters of the Lord God Almighty; and through his assumption of their nature they become his brethren, and so to be in the relation of sons to God; through his redemption they receive the adoption of children, and at his hands the privilege, the power itself, to become such. The Spirit of God not only regenerates them, which is an evidence of their sonship, but as a spirit of adoption manifests it to them, works faith in them to receive it, and frequently witnesses to the truth of it; all which show how any come and are known to be the sons of God. This is a privilege that exceeds all others; it is more to be a son than to be a saint; angels are saints, but not sons, they are servants; it is more to be a child of God, than to be redeemed, pardoned, and justified; it is great grace to redeem from slavery, to pardon criminals, and justify the ungodly; but it is another and an higher act of grace to make them sons; and which makes them infinitely more honourable, than to be the sons and daughters of the greatest potentate upon earth; yea, gives them an honour which Adam had not in innocence, nor the angels in heaven, who though sons by creation, yet not by adoption. The consequence, and so the evidence of it, follows, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying Abba, Father. The Syriac and Arabic versions read, "our Father"; all the three divine persons here appear, as having a concern in this business, as before observed; here are God and his Son, and the Spirit of his Son, said to be sent; by whom is designed not any work of his upon the heart, nor any of his gifts and graces; but he himself in person, even the same Spirit of God that moved upon the face of the waters at the creation of the world, and moved holy men of God to write the Scriptures; who formed and filled the human nature of Christ, and descended on him as a dove; and by whom Christ and his apostles wrought their miracles; and who is called the Spirit of his Son; as he is frequently by the Jews (g), , "the Spirit of the King Messiah"; and sometimes (h) , "the Spirit of his word", the essential word of God; because he proceeds from him as from the Father, and because he dwells in him, in an eminent manner, as Mediator, and is sent by virtue of his mediation and intercession; and he is the rather mentioned under this character, because adoption proceeds upon the natural sonship of Christ, and is what is the peculiar office of the Spirit to testify. When he is said to be "sent", it does not suppose any local motion or change of place in him, who is a spirit infinite, immense, and omnipresent; nor any inferiority to the Father that sends him, or to the Son whose Spirit he is; for he is one God with the Father and Son, and with the Father is the sender of Christ, Isa 48:16, but it regards his peculiar office in this affair of adoption, by agreement of all the three persons; the Father predestinated to it, the Son redeems, that it might be received, and the Spirit is sent to discover, apply, and bear witness to it; which is a wondrous instance of the grace of God. The place where he is sent is "into" the "heart": where he is as a principle of spiritual life, and which he furnishes and supplies with all grace; where he dwells as in his temple, and is the evidence of God's dwelling there, and also of interest in Christ; is there as a pledge and an earnest of future glory; and the whole is a surprising instance of condescending grace. The work he does there is various, and consists of divers parts; as convincing of sin, and righteousness, working faith, and acting the part of a comforter; but what is here referred to, is the discharge of his office as a spirit of adoption, "crying Abba, Father". The word Abba is an Hebrew, or rather a Syriac or Chaldee word, signifying "father"; and which is added for explanation sake; and its repetition may denote the vehemency of filial affection, the strength of faith and confidence as to interest in the relation; and being expressed both in Hebrew and Greek, may show that God is the Father both of Jews and Gentiles, and that there is but one Father of all; and if it might not be thought too curious an observation, it may be remarked that the word "Abba", read backwards or forwards, is the same pronunciation, and may teach us that God is the Father of his people in adversity as well as in prosperity. The act of "crying", though it is here ascribed to the Spirit, yet is not properly his, but the believers; and is attributed to him because he excites, encourages, and assists them as a spirit of adoption to call God their Father; and may be understood both of the secret internal crying of the soul, or exercise of faith on God as its Father, and of an open outward invocation of him as such, with much confidence, freedom, and boldness. (g) Bereshit Rabba, fol. 2. 4. & 6. 3. Vajikra Rabba, fol. 156. 4. See Gill on Rom 8:9. (h) Targum in 2 Chron. ii. 6.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
4:6 The Holy Spirit provides an inner testimony to assure us that we are God’s children (see Rom 8:16; Eph 1:13-14). • Those who have the Spirit of his Son are able to address God as Father, just as Christ did (Mark 14:36; cp. Matt 6:9).
Galatians 4:6
Sons and Heirs
5to redeem those under the law, that we might receive our adoption as sons.6And because you are sons, God sent the Spirit of His Son into our hearts, crying out, “Abba, Father!”7So you are no longer a slave, but a son; and since you are a son, you are also an heir through God.
- Scripture
- Sermons
- Commentary
Released Now From the Bondage of Depression
By Kathryn Kuhlman14K27:36DepressionJHN 1:12ROM 8:14GAL 4:61JN 3:1In this sermon, the preacher talks about the coming of the Holy Ghost and the importance of recognizing its presence. The sermon emphasizes the love and grace of God, and the need for discipline and guidance from the Holy Ghost. The preacher shares a personal story about feeling proud to belong to God and the impact it had on their life. The sermon concludes with a call to stop and listen to the Holy Ghost, and a reminder of the importance of acknowledging God's presence in our lives.
Witness of the Spirit - Part 2
By Paris Reidhead4.0K19:22Witness Of The SpiritFellowship With GodThe Witness of the SpiritJHN 1:12JHN 14:17ROM 8:152CO 1:22GAL 4:6EPH 2:18HEB 10:221JN 3:241JN 5:10Paris Reidhead emphasizes the necessity of genuine fellowship with God, contrasting it with the superficiality of modern evangelism. He challenges listeners to reflect on their personal relationship with God, urging them to seek true communion rather than mere discussions about Him. Reidhead shares the poignant story of David Brainerd, who expressed deep concern for the souls of those he preached to, highlighting the importance of ensuring that faith is genuine and not based on false assumptions. He concludes with a call for believers to recognize the Spirit's witness in their hearts, affirming their identity as children of God and encouraging them to live out their faith authentically.
Dark Night of the Soul
By Jim Logan2.2K1:01:37Deep StrugglesPSA 27:8PSA 91:1PSA 119:105PSA 139:1ISA 45:3MAT 6:33GAL 4:6In this sermon, the speaker expresses his love and support for homeschoolers and the unique bond between homeschooling mothers and their children. He advises mothers to be careful not to hold on too tightly when it comes time for their children to leave the nest and pursue their own paths. The speaker also discusses the importance of fulfilling one's life purpose and not regretting old age. He references Galatians 4-6 and emphasizes the need to cry out to God for help and guidance. Additionally, the speaker highlights the limited role of feelings in Christian living and the importance of taking up one's cross. He encourages believers to trust in God even when it seems like He has abandoned them and to be willing to endure the darkness of the soul. The speaker also mentions the concept of God sifting believers like wheat and relates it to the process of removing impurities.
Revival - Holy Chaos
By Bob Jennings2.1K08:44ACT 2:4ROM 8:161CO 2:4GAL 4:6JAS 4:81JN 1:9
This sermon recounts powerful moves of the Spirit in various settings, from log cabin Bible school prayer meetings to impactful evangelistic gatherings where people were deeply convicted of sin and sought God fervently. It highlights the transformative work of God in individuals' lives, leading to confession, repentance, and encounters with His love and grace. The emphasis is on the authority and clarity given by God to those who preach His Word, resulting in profound spiritual awakenings and the magnification of Christ above all else.
Evidences of the New Birth
By Paris Reidhead1.8K38:19New BirthGAL 4:61JN 1:61JN 2:31JN 2:101JN 3:241JN 5:41JN 5:10In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the evidences of eternal life as described in the first epistle of John. He emphasizes the importance of believing that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, in order to have eternal life. The preacher also highlights the role of the Holy Spirit in confirming our status as children of God and the need to overcome the world through faith. Additionally, he warns against loving the world and living in sin while claiming to be a child of God.
New Covenant - Jesus Revealed Father - Part 6
By Zac Poonen1.2K08:26JHN 4:23ROM 12:1GAL 4:6HEB 10:19
This sermon emphasizes the concept of God choosing a few individuals from the 'mud' of humanity to be like Jesus and enter heaven. It addresses the limitations of human understanding and the need to trust God for wisdom in every situation. The focus is on becoming true worshippers who delight the Father's heart, seeking to know God intimately as a loving Father in the New Covenant.
Birthed of God
By B.H. Clendennen1.1K29:46MAT 6:9MAT 11:12LUK 16:16JHN 3:3JHN 3:6ROM 8:141CO 15:35GAL 4:6EPH 2:6PHP 3:20COL 3:2
This sermon emphasizes the profound relationship with God as our Father that is established through the Holy Spirit at the moment of spiritual birth. It highlights the importance of recognizing God as our Father through the lens of Calvary, rejecting the notion of revisiting past traumas for inner healing, and embracing the new identity as a child of God with supernatural possibilities. The sermon challenges believers to live out their new vocation in the kingdom of God with a transcendent perspective, understanding the violent spiritual battle for their place in the kingdom and the necessity of a desperate, violent pursuit of God's purpose.
Faith, New Birth, Witness of the Spirit
By Paris Reidhead90452:15FaithMAT 6:33JHN 16:7ACT 2:38ROM 10:9GAL 4:6EPH 2:8HEB 11:1In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the importance of faith in the Christian life. He refers to Hebrews 11:1-6 as the key scripture and emphasizes the theme of "so great salvation." The preacher explains that every crisis in the Christian life is preceded and followed by a process, and it is important to understand where individuals are in their spiritual journey. He also discusses the concepts of the new birth and the witness of the Spirit, highlighting the significance of faith in experiencing a genuine relationship with God. The preacher uses the analogy of a television set to illustrate the idea that death in the spiritual sense means being separated from God.
2 Timothy - Part 6
By John Hunter43929:32GAL 4:6EPH 1:31TI 3:11TI 4:62TI 1:142TI 2:2In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of belief in becoming a son of God. He refers to Galatians 4:4-5, which states that God sent his son to redeem those under the law so that they may receive adoption as sons. The speaker also highlights the concept of beauty and attractiveness in relation to the truth of God. He mentions that Timothy has been entrusted with this truth and encourages him to hold fast to it. The sermon concludes with the speaker referring to the gospel and the entire truth of God as "that good thing" which has been committed to Timothy.
In Everything, Prayer
By Michael Flowers21834:38PrayerMAT 6:33ACT 2:42ACT 3:1ACT 13:2ROM 8:6GAL 4:6HEB 5:7In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of prayer and how it should be done in the name of Jesus Christ and the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The speaker highlights the need to take the time for prayer, even in our fast-paced culture. They encourage listeners to approach prayer with a sense of adventure and to surrender to the season they are in. The sermon also emphasizes the value of community and the role it plays in the mission of the church, as seen in the early church in the book of Acts.
He Chose to Be Your Father
By David Wilkerson0God's FatherhoodOvercoming FearPSA 68:5ISA 43:1MAT 7:11JHN 15:16ROM 8:152CO 6:18GAL 4:6EPH 1:5HEB 13:51JN 3:1David Wilkerson emphasizes the profound truth that God has chosen to be our Father, inviting us to embrace this relationship rather than succumbing to fear, guilt, and despondency. He reminds us that Jesus lived in the assurance of His Father's love, which empowered Him to face trials without doubt or confusion. Wilkerson encourages believers to recognize their identity as children of God, who desires to protect and provide for them unconditionally. This revelation of God's fatherly love is essential for overcoming life's challenges and experiencing true peace and joy. Ultimately, God’s choice to be our Father is rooted in His love and mercy, regardless of our past or shortcomings.
The Cry of the Intercessor - Abba Father
By G.W. North0Relationship with GodIntercessionISA 53:5MAT 26:39MRK 14:34LUK 22:42JHN 3:16ROM 8:152CO 5:20GAL 4:6HEB 5:71JN 2:1G.W. North explores the profound significance of the phrase 'Abba, Father' in the context of intercession, linking it to the emotional extremes experienced by Jesus in Gethsemane and the Holy Spirit's work in believers. He emphasizes that this cry represents both the sorrow of Christ's impending sacrifice and the joy of new life in the Spirit, highlighting the deep relationship between Jesus and the Father. North draws parallels between the agony of Gethsemane and the intercessory role of believers, illustrating that true intercession involves a deep understanding of God's heart and a willingness to bear the burdens of others. The sermon underscores that intercession is not merely a prayerful act but a profound connection with God that seeks the salvation of souls at any cost. Ultimately, it calls believers to embrace their identity as sons of God, participating in the ministry of Christ through the Spirit of intercession.
(Power From on High) 14. the Holy Spirit in Galatians
By A.B. Simpson0Faith and GraceThe Holy SpiritJHN 14:26GAL 3:1GAL 3:5GAL 4:6GAL 5:16GAL 5:22GAL 5:25GAL 6:1GAL 6:7A.B. Simpson emphasizes the significance of the Holy Spirit in the lives of believers, urging the Galatians to recognize that they received the Spirit not through works of the law but by faith. He warns against the dangers of returning to legalism and highlights that the Christian life is sustained by the same grace that saves us. Simpson explains that the Holy Spirit is essential for sanctification, empowerment for service, and the manifestation of the fruit of the Spirit, which is love. He encourages believers to walk in the Spirit, co-operating with God's work in their lives, and to approach others with compassion and humility. Ultimately, he reassures that sowing to the Spirit will yield eternal rewards.
God Chose to Be a Father to Me
By David Wilkerson0Identity in ChristFatherhood Of GodPSA 68:5ISA 64:8MAT 7:11JHN 17:21ROM 8:152CO 6:18GAL 4:6EPH 1:5HEB 12:71JN 3:1David Wilkerson emphasizes that God has chosen to be a loving Father to us, inviting us to see Him in this intimate role. He highlights that while God is the Almighty ruler, in these last days, He desires a personal relationship with us as our Father. Jesus exemplified this relationship, living in the assurance of His Father's presence and love, which empowered Him to face trials without fear. Wilkerson encourages believers to embrace their identity as children of God, adopted into His family, and to recognize the protective and nurturing nature of the Father. Ultimately, God desires us to cry out to Him as 'Abba,' affirming our unique relationship with Him.
Epistle 185
By George Fox0Obedience to GodAuthority in ChristMAT 5:17MAT 7:29JHN 8:44ROM 8:6GAL 4:61JN 5:9George Fox emphasizes the necessity of obedience to the power of God, which surpasses all earthly authority and darkness. He urges believers to recognize their authority derived from God's power, enabling them to confront and overcome the forces of evil. Fox warns against relying on mere words or human wisdom that lack divine power, encouraging a focus on the true authority found in Christ. He contrasts the authority of the scribes and Pharisees with that of true believers who embody the life of Christ, highlighting the importance of living in accordance with God's will. Ultimately, he calls for a deep connection to the seed of God to truly fulfill the law and the prophets.
We Must Receive the Kingdom as Little Children
By Andrew Murray0Childlike FaithHumilityMAT 11:25MAT 18:3MRK 10:15LUK 18:17JHN 3:3ROM 8:15GAL 4:6PHP 4:13JAS 4:101PE 2:2Andrew Murray emphasizes the necessity of receiving the Kingdom of God with the simplicity and trust of a little child. Just as the Prince of Wales inherits his kingdom by birth, we must be spiritually reborn by the Holy Spirit to embrace the Kingdom with a childlike heart. Murray points out the difficulty for adults, burdened by their own wisdom and strength, to adopt such humility and trust, yet he reassures that with God, all things are possible. He calls believers to let go of self-reliance and embrace the Kingdom in faith and gladness, just as a child would.
"Abba, Father"
By David Wilkerson0AdoptionComfort of the Holy SpiritJHN 14:16ROM 8:15GAL 4:6David Wilkerson emphasizes the profound relationship believers have with God the Father through the Holy Spirit, who teaches us to call Him 'Abba, Father.' This relationship is likened to the adoption process, where once we are accepted, we can claim God as our own. The Holy Spirit comforts us in our struggles, reminding us of our identity as heirs of God and the immense love and power available to us. Wilkerson encourages believers to embrace their status as children of God, rejecting feelings of orphanhood and poverty in spirit. He reassures that the Holy Spirit is always present to provide comfort and strength during times of suffering.
The Incentive to Maturity
By T. Austin-Sparks0Divine PurposeSpiritual MaturityROM 8:19ROM 8:291CO 3:12CO 3:18GAL 3:26GAL 4:6GAL 4:19EPH 1:5EPH 4:13HEB 2:10T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the urgency of spiritual maturity in his sermon 'The Incentive to Maturity', highlighting that the New Testament is primarily focused on urging believers towards full growth in Christ. He explains that maturity is essential not just for personal development but for fulfilling God's divine purpose, which includes governance over the world to come. Sparks points out that the letters of Paul address various aspects of spiritual growth, stressing that immaturity hinders believers from realizing their calling and inheritance as children of God. He underscores the importance of understanding our identity in Christ and the necessity of pressing on towards maturity to fulfill God's eternal purpose. Ultimately, the sermon calls for a deep commitment to spiritual growth as a response to God's grace and purpose.
Of Adoption.
By John Gill0AdoptionGrace Of GodLUK 11:11JHN 1:12ROM 8:15ROM 8:172CO 6:18GAL 4:6EPH 1:5HEB 2:131JN 3:1REV 21:7John Gill expounds on the doctrine of adoption, emphasizing that it is a distinct act of God's grace, separate from justification and regeneration. He explains that believers are adopted as children of God through Christ, highlighting the profound love and sovereign will of God in this process. Gill contrasts civil adoption with spiritual adoption, noting that while civil adoption requires the consent of the adopted, spiritual adoption is solely an act of divine grace. He also discusses the privileges and responsibilities that come with being adopted into God's family, including heirship and the transformative work of the Holy Spirit. Ultimately, Gill illustrates that adoption is a gift that assures believers of their eternal inheritance and relationship with God.
The Matter Which Is of Supreme Importance Is: "Christ Fully Formed in You"
By T. Austin-Sparks0Spiritual MaturityChrist's FormationMAT 7:292CO 3:6GAL 2:20GAL 4:6GAL 4:19COL 3:16T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the paramount importance of having 'Christ fully formed in you,' as articulated in Galatians 4:19. He explains that the true battle of the Christian faith is not about systems, doctrines, or forms of worship, but rather about the fullness of Christ's presence in believers and the Church. Sparks contrasts the immaturity of spiritual children with the responsibility and understanding of mature sons, highlighting that the Holy Spirit's role is to facilitate this growth. He urges believers to reflect on their spiritual suffering and ensure it is for the sake of Christ's formation within them, rather than for personal grievances or issues. Ultimately, the sermon calls for a focus on the spiritual maturity that comes from allowing Christ to be fully realized in our lives.
The Spirit of Bondage and of Adoption
By John Wesley0Spirit of AdoptionFreedom in ChristJHN 1:12ROM 6:14ROM 8:152CO 3:17GAL 4:6EPH 2:8PHP 4:7HEB 2:151PE 1:81JN 4:18John Wesley emphasizes the transformative power of the Spirit of adoption in contrast to the spirit of bondage and fear. He explains that true children of God, through faith, receive the Spirit that allows them to call God 'Abba, Father,' moving from a state of fear to one of love and acceptance. Wesley warns that many in the Christian world remain in a state of spiritual ignorance, lacking both the fear and love of God, and encourages believers to examine their spiritual state. He outlines the three states of man: the natural man, the one under the law, and the one under grace, highlighting the importance of moving from fear to love through the grace of God. Ultimately, he calls for a deeper relationship with God, characterized by love and the assurance of salvation.
The Witness of the Spirit - Part 2
By John Wesley0Witness Of The SpiritAssurance of SalvationPSA 51:12JHN 14:26JHN 16:13ROM 8:161CO 2:122CO 1:22GAL 4:6EPH 1:131TH 5:191JN 5:11John Wesley emphasizes the critical role of the Holy Spirit in affirming our identity as children of God, as stated in Romans 8:16. He warns against the dangers of both formalism and enthusiasm, advocating for a balanced understanding of the Spirit's witness. Wesley explains that the Spirit testifies directly to our spirits, assuring us of our reconciliation with God and the forgiveness of our sins. He argues that this direct testimony is essential for true assurance of salvation, which is often misunderstood or neglected. Ultimately, Wesley encourages believers to seek this witness of the Spirit, which brings peace and joy, and to recognize that it is foundational to their faith.
The Marks of a Christian
By Theodore Epp0Marks of a ChristianTransformation in ChristJHN 3:3ROM 6:42CO 13:5GAL 2:20GAL 4:6GAL 5:22EPH 2:10PHP 1:6COL 1:271JN 4:13Theodore Epp emphasizes four essential marks of a Christian as outlined in Galatians. Firstly, a true Christian has Christ living within them, signifying a personal relationship with Him. Secondly, the presence of the Holy Spirit is crucial, as He transforms believers and shapes their character. Thirdly, Christians share in the experience of the cross, which is fundamental to overcoming personal struggles. Lastly, a Christian embodies a divine life that transcends mere external regulations, reflecting the transformative power of God.
The Witness of the Spirit
By A.W. Tozer0Spiritual AwarenessIntuitive Knowledge of GodPSA 46:10JHN 10:27JHN 14:17ROM 8:161CO 2:12GAL 4:6EPH 1:17HEB 11:12PE 1:31JN 5:10A.W. Tozer emphasizes that true knowledge of God comes from spiritual experience rather than intellectual reasoning. He explains that this awareness is intuitive and deeply rooted in the consciousness of the believer, which transcends mere thought. Tozer critiques Descartes' philosophical approach, asserting that self-awareness and knowledge of God precede rational thought. The inward witness of the Spirit provides a profound understanding of God that is beyond words, resulting from faith and obedience to Scripture. This experience is the essence of true religion, highlighting the importance of a personal relationship with God.
Deeply Personal
By A.W. Tozer0Authentic FaithInner WitnessPSA 51:10JHN 14:17JHN 16:13ROM 8:161CO 2:122CO 1:22GAL 4:6EPH 1:13HEB 10:221JN 5:10A.W. Tozer emphasizes the necessity of the inner witness of the Holy Spirit for true Christian assurance, arguing that many believers today are weak and uncertain due to a lack of this profound experience. He critiques the tendency of some Christian workers to simplify the process of coming to faith into a formulaic approach, which can lead to superficial conversions devoid of genuine inner conviction. Tozer expresses that the complexities of spiritual life cannot be reduced to mere techniques or manipulative practices, as this undermines the authenticity of one's relationship with God. He calls for a deeper understanding and experience of faith that transcends mere intellectual assent or emotional manipulation.
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
And because ye are sons - By faith in Christ Jesus, being redeemed both from the bondage and curse of the law; God - the Father, called generally the first person of the glorious Trinity, hath sent forth the Spirit - the Holy Ghost, the second person of that Trinity, of his Son - Jesus Christ, the third person of the Trinity - crying, Abba, Father! from the fullest and most satisfactory evidence that God, the Father, Son, and Spirit, had become their portion. For the explanation of the phrase, and why the Greek and Syriac terms are joined together here, see the notes on Mar 14:36, and on Rom 8:15 (note).
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
because ye are sons--The gift of the Spirit of prayer is the consequence of our adoption. The Gentile Galatians might think, as the Jews were under the law before their adoption, that so they, too, must first be under the law. Paul, by anticipation, meets this objection by saying, YE ARE sons, therefore ye need not be as children (Gal 4:1) under the tutorship of the law, as being already in the free state of "sons" of God by faith in Christ (Gal 3:26), no longer in your nonage (as "children," Gal 4:1). The Spirit of God's only Begotten Son in your hearts, sent from, and leading you to cry to, the Father, attests your sonship by adoption: for the Spirit is the "earnest of your inheritance" (Rom 8:15-16; Eph 1:13). "It is because ye are sons that God sent forth" (the Greek requires this translation, not "hath sent forth") into OUR (so the oldest manuscripts read for "your," in English Version) hearts the Spirit of His son, crying, "Abba, Father" (Joh 1:12). As in Gal 4:5 he changed from "them," the third person, to "we," the first person, so here he changes from "ye," the second person, to "our," the first person: this he does to identify their case as Gentiles, with his own and that of his believing fellow countrymen, as Jews. In another point of view, though not the immediate one intended by the context, this verse expresses, "Because ye are sons (already in God's electing purpose of love), God sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts," &c.: God thus, by sending His Spirit in due time, actually conferring that sonship which He already regarded as a present reality ("are") because of His purpose, even before it was actually fulfilled. So Heb 2:13, where "the children" are spoken of as existing in His purpose, before their actual existence. the Spirit of his Son--By faith ye are one with the Son, so that what is His is yours; His Sonship ensures your sonship; His Spirit ensures for you a share in the same. "If any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of His" (Rom 8:9). Moreover, as the Spirit of God proceeds from God the Father, so the Spirit of the Son proceeds from the Son: so that the Holy Ghost, as the Creed says, "proceedeth from the Father and the Son." The Father was not begotten: the Son is begotten of the Father; the Holy Ghost proceeding from the Father and the Son. crying--Here the SPIRIT is regarded as the agent in praying, and the believer as His organ. In Rom 8:15, "The Spirit of adoption" is said to be that whereby WE cry, "Abba, Father"; but in Rom 8:26, "The SPIRIT ITSELF maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered." The believers' prayer is His prayer: hence arises its acceptability with God. Abba, Father--The Hebrew says, "Abba" (a Hebrew term), the Greek, "Father" ("Pater," a Greek term in the original), both united together in one Sonship and one cry of faith, "Abba, Father." So "Even so ('Nai,' Greek) Amen (Hebrew)," both meaning the same (Rev 1:7). Christ's own former cry is the believers' cry, "Abba, Father" (Mar 14:36).
John Gill Bible Commentary
And because ye are sons,.... That is of God, so some copies read; and the Ethiopic version, "inasmuch as ye are his sons"; not in so high a sense as Christ is the Son of God; nor in so low a sense as all men are his offspring; nor in such sense as magistrates are the children of the most High; nor merely on account of a profession of religion, as the "sons of God" was a phrase very early used of the worshippers of the true God; but by virtue of adoption, and which is not owing to the merits of men, who are by nature children of wrath, but to the free rich sovereign grace of God. It is a privilege and blessing of grace in which all the three persons are concerned. The Father has predestinated to it, and in the covenant has provided and laid it up; he set up his Son as the pattern to which these sons should be conformed, and proposed the glory of his own grace, as the end; by virtue of which act of grace they were considered as the children of God, as early as the gift of them to Christ; and so by him when he partook of their flesh and blood, and died to gather them together who were scattered abroad; see Heb 2:13. The Son of God has also an hand in this affair; for through his espousing their persons, they become the sons and daughters of the Lord God Almighty; and through his assumption of their nature they become his brethren, and so to be in the relation of sons to God; through his redemption they receive the adoption of children, and at his hands the privilege, the power itself, to become such. The Spirit of God not only regenerates them, which is an evidence of their sonship, but as a spirit of adoption manifests it to them, works faith in them to receive it, and frequently witnesses to the truth of it; all which show how any come and are known to be the sons of God. This is a privilege that exceeds all others; it is more to be a son than to be a saint; angels are saints, but not sons, they are servants; it is more to be a child of God, than to be redeemed, pardoned, and justified; it is great grace to redeem from slavery, to pardon criminals, and justify the ungodly; but it is another and an higher act of grace to make them sons; and which makes them infinitely more honourable, than to be the sons and daughters of the greatest potentate upon earth; yea, gives them an honour which Adam had not in innocence, nor the angels in heaven, who though sons by creation, yet not by adoption. The consequence, and so the evidence of it, follows, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying Abba, Father. The Syriac and Arabic versions read, "our Father"; all the three divine persons here appear, as having a concern in this business, as before observed; here are God and his Son, and the Spirit of his Son, said to be sent; by whom is designed not any work of his upon the heart, nor any of his gifts and graces; but he himself in person, even the same Spirit of God that moved upon the face of the waters at the creation of the world, and moved holy men of God to write the Scriptures; who formed and filled the human nature of Christ, and descended on him as a dove; and by whom Christ and his apostles wrought their miracles; and who is called the Spirit of his Son; as he is frequently by the Jews (g), , "the Spirit of the King Messiah"; and sometimes (h) , "the Spirit of his word", the essential word of God; because he proceeds from him as from the Father, and because he dwells in him, in an eminent manner, as Mediator, and is sent by virtue of his mediation and intercession; and he is the rather mentioned under this character, because adoption proceeds upon the natural sonship of Christ, and is what is the peculiar office of the Spirit to testify. When he is said to be "sent", it does not suppose any local motion or change of place in him, who is a spirit infinite, immense, and omnipresent; nor any inferiority to the Father that sends him, or to the Son whose Spirit he is; for he is one God with the Father and Son, and with the Father is the sender of Christ, Isa 48:16, but it regards his peculiar office in this affair of adoption, by agreement of all the three persons; the Father predestinated to it, the Son redeems, that it might be received, and the Spirit is sent to discover, apply, and bear witness to it; which is a wondrous instance of the grace of God. The place where he is sent is "into" the "heart": where he is as a principle of spiritual life, and which he furnishes and supplies with all grace; where he dwells as in his temple, and is the evidence of God's dwelling there, and also of interest in Christ; is there as a pledge and an earnest of future glory; and the whole is a surprising instance of condescending grace. The work he does there is various, and consists of divers parts; as convincing of sin, and righteousness, working faith, and acting the part of a comforter; but what is here referred to, is the discharge of his office as a spirit of adoption, "crying Abba, Father". The word Abba is an Hebrew, or rather a Syriac or Chaldee word, signifying "father"; and which is added for explanation sake; and its repetition may denote the vehemency of filial affection, the strength of faith and confidence as to interest in the relation; and being expressed both in Hebrew and Greek, may show that God is the Father both of Jews and Gentiles, and that there is but one Father of all; and if it might not be thought too curious an observation, it may be remarked that the word "Abba", read backwards or forwards, is the same pronunciation, and may teach us that God is the Father of his people in adversity as well as in prosperity. The act of "crying", though it is here ascribed to the Spirit, yet is not properly his, but the believers; and is attributed to him because he excites, encourages, and assists them as a spirit of adoption to call God their Father; and may be understood both of the secret internal crying of the soul, or exercise of faith on God as its Father, and of an open outward invocation of him as such, with much confidence, freedom, and boldness. (g) Bereshit Rabba, fol. 2. 4. & 6. 3. Vajikra Rabba, fol. 156. 4. See Gill on Rom 8:9. (h) Targum in 2 Chron. ii. 6.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
4:6 The Holy Spirit provides an inner testimony to assure us that we are God’s children (see Rom 8:16; Eph 1:13-14). • Those who have the Spirit of his Son are able to address God as Father, just as Christ did (Mark 14:36; cp. Matt 6:9).