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Home › Berean Standard Bible  › Deuteronomy 2  › Deuteronomy 2:23

Deuteronomy 2:23

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Deuteronomy 2:23 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

And the Avvim, who lived in villages as far as Gaza, were destroyed by the Caphtorites, who came out of Caphtor and settled in their place.)

King James Version KJV

And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)

American Standard Version ASV

And the Avvim, that dwelt in villages as far as Gaza, the Caphtorim, that came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)

Bible in Basic English BBE

And the Avvim, living in the small towns as far as Gaza, came to destruction by the hands of the Caphtorim who came out from Caphtor and took their land.)

Free Bible Version FBV

The Avvim, living in villages as far away as Gaza, were destroyed by the Philistines, who came from Crete, and settled where they used to live.)

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

And the Auims which dwelt in Hazarim euen vnto Azzah, the Caphtorims which came out of Caphtor destroyed them, and dwelt in their steade.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

'As to the Avim who are dwelling in Hazerim unto Azzah, the Caphtorim — who are coming out from Caphtor — have destroyed them, and dwell in their stead.

World English Bible WEB

Then the Avvim, who lived in villages as far as Gaza: the Caphtorim, who came out of Caphtor, destroyed them and lived in their place.)

Noah Webster Bible WBS

And the Avims who dwelt in Hazerim even to Azzah, the Caphtorims, who came forth from Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

The Hevites also, that dwelt in Haserim as far as Gaza, were expelled by the Cappadocians: who came out of Cappadocia, and destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.

Translation for Translators T4T

People who came from Crete Island got rid of the Av group who previously lived in the land close to the Mediterranean Sea, as far south as Gaza. They took their land from them and started to live there.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — Deuteronomy 2:23

BAB
Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Deuteronomy 2:23 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB וְ/הָֽ/עַוִּ֛ים הַ/יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים בַּ/חֲצֵרִ֖ים עַד עַזָּ֑ה כַּפְתֹּרִים֙ הַ/יֹּצְאִ֣ים מִ/כַּפְתּ֔וֹר הִשְׁמִידֻ֖/ם וַ/יֵּשְׁב֥וּ תַחְתָּֽ/ם
וְ/הָֽ/עַוִּ֛ים ʻAvvîym H5761 Avvite Conj | Art | N-proper
הַ/יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים yâshab H3427 to dwell Art | V-Qal
בַּ/חֲצֵרִ֖ים Chătsêrîym H2699 villages Prep | N-mp
עַד ʻad H5704 till Prep
עַזָּ֑ה ʻAzzâh H5804 Gaza N-proper
כַּפְתֹּרִים֙ Kaphtôrîy H3732 Caphtorim Ngmpa
הַ/יֹּצְאִ֣ים yâtsâʼ H3318 to come out Art | V-Qal
מִ/כַּפְתּ֔וֹר Kaphtôr H3731 Caphtor Prep | N-proper
הִשְׁמִידֻ֖/ם shâmad H8045 to destroy V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp | Suff
וַ/יֵּשְׁב֥וּ yâshab H3427 to dwell Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
תַחְתָּֽ/ם tachath H8478 underneath Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Deuteronomy 2:23

וְ/הָֽ/עַוִּ֛ים ʻAvvîym H5761 "Avvite" Conj | Art | N-proper
The Avvites were a group of people who lived in Palestine, and this word refers to them or their city. In Joshua, it describes the Avvite people who were displaced by the Israelites.
Definition: Group of iv.vah (עַוָּה "Ivvah" H5755) § Avim = "ruins" a people among the early inhabitants of Palestine located in the southwest corner of the seacoast 2) a city in Benjamin
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Avim. See also: Deuteronomy 2:23; Joshua 18:23.
הַ/יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים yâshab H3427 "to dwell" Art | V-Qal
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
בַּ/חֲצֵרִ֖ים Chătsêrîym H2699 "villages" Prep | N-mp
Hazerim refers to villages or settlements of Ishmaelites. The word is used to describe a group of villages, likely in Palestine. It is mentioned in the Bible as a place associated with the descendants of Ishmael.
Definition: § Hazerim = "villages" settlements of Ishmaelites
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Hazerim. See also: Deuteronomy 2:23.
עַד ʻad H5704 "till" Prep
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Definition: prep 1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as 1a) of space 1a1) as far as, up to, even to 1b) in combination 1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from) 1c) of time 1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end 1d) of degree 1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like conj 2) until, while, to the point that, so that even Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Usage: Occurs in 1128 OT verses. KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet. See also: Genesis 3:19; Exodus 32:20; Numbers 23:24.
עַזָּ֑ה ʻAzzâh H5804 "Gaza" N-proper
Azzah is another name for Gaza, a Philistine city in southwest Palestine, meaning 'the strong' in Hebrew.
Definition: § Azzah = "the strong" another name for 'Gaza', a city of the Philistines located in the extreme southwest of Palestine close to the Mediterranean
Usage: Occurs in 20 OT verses. KJV: Azzah, Gaza. See also: Genesis 10:19; 1 Kings 5:4; Jeremiah 25:20.
כַּפְתֹּרִים֙ Kaphtôrîy H3732 "Caphtorim" Ngmpa
The Caphtorim were people from Caphtor, an island that is now known as Crete, first mentioned in Genesis 10:14. They were descended from the Egyptians. The term refers to the native people of Caphtor, distinct from the Philistines. In the Bible, they are also mentioned as being related to other groups like the Ludim and Anamim.
Definition: Someone from Caphtor (Crete) of the Egyptians, first mentioned at Gen.10.14; descended from Egypt (H4714); along with Ludim (H3866), Anamim (H6047), Lehabim (H3853), Naphtuhim (H5320), Pathrusim (H6625) and Casluhim (H3695) § Caphtorim, of Caphtor "a crown" Cretans as the inhabitants of Caphtor as distinct from the Philistines
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Caphthorim, Caphtorim(-s). See also: Genesis 10:14; Deuteronomy 2:23; 1 Chronicles 1:12.
הַ/יֹּצְאִ֣ים yâtsâʼ H3318 "to come out" Art | V-Qal
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to go out or come out, and it's used in many different ways, like leaving a place or starting a new journey, as seen in Genesis and Exodus.
Definition: : come/go_out/escape 1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart 1a2) to go forth (to a place) 1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something) 1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result) 1a5) to come out of 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out 1b2) to bring out of 1b3) to lead out 1b4) to deliver 1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
Usage: Occurs in 991 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter. See also: Genesis 1:12; Exodus 9:33; Leviticus 26:45.
מִ/כַּפְתּ֔וֹר Kaphtôr H3731 "Caphtor" Prep | N-proper
Caphtor refers to the original home of the Philistines, possibly an island like Crete. It is mentioned in the Bible as the place where the Philistines came from, as seen in Amos 9:7.
Definition: § Caphtor = "a crown" the original home of the Philistines, perhaps on the southwest coast of Asia Minor, maybe in Egypt or close by, or more probably on the island of Crete (TWOT) the island of Crete, homeland or staging area of the Philistines
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Caphtor. See also: Deuteronomy 2:23; Jeremiah 47:4; Amos 9:7.
הִשְׁמִידֻ֖/ם shâmad H8045 "to destroy" V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp | Suff
The Hebrew word shâmad means to destroy or desolate something, used to describe annihilation or devastation. It is used in the Bible to describe the destruction of cities or nations, such as in the book of Isaiah.
Definition: 1) to destroy, exterminate, be destroyed, be exterminated 1a) (Niphal) 1a1) to be annihilated, be exterminated 1a2) to be destroyed, be devastated 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to annihilate, exterminate 1b2) to destroy Aramaic equivalent: she.mad (שְׁמַד "to destroy" H8046)
Usage: Occurs in 86 OT verses. KJV: destory(-uction), bring to nought, overthrow, perish, pluck down, [idiom] utterly. See also: Genesis 34:30; 2 Samuel 22:38; Psalms 37:38.
וַ/יֵּשְׁב֥וּ yâshab H3427 "to dwell" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
תַחְתָּֽ/ם tachath H8478 "underneath" Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means underneath or below, often used to describe physical locations or positions. It appears in various books, including Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to indicate something is under or beneath something else. The word has several related meanings.
Definition: : under/below 1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m 1a) the under part adv accus 1b) beneath prep 1c) under, beneath 1c1) at the foot of (idiom) 1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig) 1c3) of subjection or conquest 1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands 1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun) 1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense) 1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged) conj 1e) instead of, instead of that 1f) in return for that, because that in compounds 1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion) 1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
Usage: Occurs in 450 OT verses. KJV: as, beneath, [idiom] flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, [idiom] unto, [idiom] when...was mine, whereas, (where-) fore, with. See also: Genesis 1:7; Deuteronomy 7:24; 1 Kings 20:42.

Study Notes — Deuteronomy 2:23

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Genesis 10:14 the Pathrusites, the Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came), and the Caphtorites.
2 Joshua 13:3 from the Shihor east of Egypt to the territory of Ekron on the north (considered to be Canaanite territory)—that of the five Philistine rulers of Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron, as well as that of the Avvites;
3 Amos 9:7 “Are you not like the Cushites to Me, O children of Israel?” declares the LORD. “Did I not bring Israel up from the land of Egypt, the Philistines from Caphtor, and the Arameans from Kir?
4 Jeremiah 47:4 For the day has come to destroy all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every remaining ally. Indeed, the LORD is about to destroy the Philistines, the remnant from the coasts of Caphtor.
5 Jeremiah 25:20 all the mixed tribes; all the kings of Uz; all the kings of the Philistines: Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod;
6 Acts 17:26 From one man He made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and He determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their lands.
7 Zephaniah 2:4 For Gaza will be abandoned, and Ashkelon left in ruins. Ashdod will be driven out at noon, and Ekron will be uprooted.
8 Zechariah 9:5 Ashkelon will see and fear; Gaza will writhe in agony, as will Ekron, for her hope will wither. There will cease to be a king in Gaza, and Ashkelon will be uninhabited.
9 1 Kings 4:24 For Solomon had dominion over everything west of the Euphrates —over all the kingdoms from Tiphsah to Gaza—and he had peace on all sides.

Deuteronomy 2:23 Summary

This verse tells us about a group of people called the Avvim, who lived in villages near Gaza, but were destroyed by another group called the Caphtorites. This is an example of how God has been at work throughout history, sometimes using one nation to judge another, as we see in Deuteronomy 2:21 and other passages like Isaiah 13:1-22. It's a reminder that God is in control of all nations and peoples, and that He will ultimately judge all people according to their actions, as seen in Revelation 20:11-15. By studying this verse, we can gain a deeper understanding of God's character and His plan for the world, and be encouraged to trust in His sovereignty, as in Psalm 135:10-12 and Romans 11:33-36.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who were the Avvim and what happened to them?

The Avvim were a people who lived in villages as far as Gaza, and they were destroyed by the Caphtorites, who came out of Caphtor and settled in their place, as we see in Deuteronomy 2:23, a pattern of conquest and displacement that is also seen in the story of the Israelites and the Promised Land, as in Exodus 23:31 and Joshua 21:43-45.

What is the significance of the Caphtorites coming out of Caphtor?

The Caphtorites coming out of Caphtor suggests a migration or invasion of a new people group into the region, which is a common theme in the Old Testament, as seen in the stories of the Israelites and other nations, such as in Genesis 11:1-9 and Jeremiah 25:17-26.

How does this verse relate to the rest of the chapter?

This verse is part of a larger narrative in Deuteronomy 2, where Moses is recounting the history of the Israelites and the conquest of various nations, including the Ammonites and the Moabites, as seen in Deuteronomy 2:9-22 and Deuteronomy 2:24-25.

What can we learn from the destruction of the Avvim?

The destruction of the Avvim serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and judgment, as seen in Deuteronomy 2:21 and other passages, such as Psalm 135:10-12 and Isaiah 13:1-22, where God's power and authority are demonstrated through the rise and fall of nations.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does this verse reveal about God's character and His relationship with different nations?
  2. How does the story of the Avvim and the Caphtorites relate to my own life and the world around me?
  3. What can I learn from the pattern of conquest and displacement seen in this verse and other parts of the Bible?
  4. How does this verse fit into the larger narrative of the Bible, and what does it reveal about God's plan for humanity?
  5. What are the implications of this verse for my understanding of God's sovereignty and judgment?

Gill's Exposition on Deuteronomy 2:23

And the Avim, which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah,.... The same with the Avites, who appear to have inhabited some part of the land of the Philistines, in which Azzah or Gaza was, which was one

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Deuteronomy 2:23

And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.) And the Avims - the aborigines of the district.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Deuteronomy 2:23

Caphtorims, a people akin to the Philistines, , and confederate with them in this enterprise, and so dwelling together, and by degrees were probably united together by marriages or other ways, and became one people, the Caphtorims being at last swallowed up in the Philistines. See . Caphtor is by the learned thought to be Cappadocia; whither these people might make an expedition out of Egypt, either because of the report of the great riches of part of that country, which drew others thither from places equally remote, or after the manner of those ancient times, or for some other reason now unknown.

Trapp's Commentary on Deuteronomy 2:23

Deuteronomy 2:23 And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, [even] unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)Ver. 23. And the Avims, which dwelt in Hazeroth.] These are ancient things, as it is said in another case, such, as whereof there is no record but this extant in the world. Well might that Egyptian priest say to Solon, that wise man of Greece, You Greeks are very babies - γερωνδεελληνουκεστι - neither is there an ancient writer amongst you. Diod. Sic.

Ellicott's Commentary on Deuteronomy 2:23

(23) The Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims . . . destroyed.—“In Hazerim” should apparently be rendered “in villages.” It does not occur elsewhere as a proper name; it is plural in form, and is found in this sense in some other places. “Azzah,” i.e., Gaza. The Caphtorim: comp. Amos 9:7 : “The Philistines from Caphtor.” (See Genesis 10:14.) Some make the country of Caphtor to be Cyprus or Crete. But at least this statement makes Philistia the scene of a conquest, and the Philistines of the time of Joshua would thus appear to be a mixed race.

Cambridge Bible on Deuteronomy 2:23

16–25. Approach to the ‘Ammonites and Amorites The adult generation having died out (Deuteronomy 2:16), Jehovah charged Moses that, being about to pass the border or cross the territory of Mo’ab (Deuteronomy 2:17 f.) and to approach ‘Ammôn, Israel (Sg. address) must not fight the latter, for Jehovah gave that land to the sons of Lot (Deuteronomy 2:19). Follows an archaeological note on the predecessors of ‘Ammôn (Deuteronomy 2:20-23); and then the command, in the Pl. address, to cross the Arnon (Deuteronomy 2:24 a); then, in the Sg., an assurance that Sîḥ ?ôn should be given into Israel’s hands, they must fight him (Deuteronomy 2:24 b); for the dread of Israel would Jehovah put on all peoples at the mere report of Israel’s approach (Deuteronomy 2:25). This section is perplexing, because of the apparently proleptic mention of ‘Ammôn, the use of the Pl. address only in Deuteronomy 2:24 a, and the discrepancy between Deuteronomy 2:24 b, Deuteronomy 2:25 and the next section, especially Deuteronomy 2:27-30. On these grounds, combined with the fact that there are no parallels in JE, on which document the rest of this discourse is based, there is a strong case for the opinion that this section is for the most part from another hand than the rest of the discourse. Steuern. indeed takes only Deuteronomy 2:16-17; Deuteronomy 2:24 a as original. For details see notes.

Whedon's Commentary on Deuteronomy 2:23

23. The Avim are identified with the Avites of Jos 13:3. Azzah is the Hebrew form of Gaza, one of the chief cities of the Philistines.

Sermons on Deuteronomy 2:23

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Kent Hovind Evolution - Foundation for the Antichrist 1 by Kent Hovind This sermon delves into the dangerous implications of evolution as a foundation for ideologies like racism, genocide, and totalitarianism. It explores how influential figures like
S. Lewis Johnson (Genesis) 20 - the Table of Nations; or the History of the Sons of Noah by S. Lewis Johnson S. Lewis Johnson explores Genesis chapter 10, known as the Table of Nations, emphasizing its significance in understanding God's providence in history and the unity of mankind. He
Art Katz Apostolic Foundations (1 of 12) by Art Katz In this sermon, the speaker contemplates the opportunity to address a group of worldly men with the wisdom of God. He describes the suffering and persecution faced by the apostles,
Ken Ham Answers for Modern Science Questions by Ken Ham This sermon emphasizes the biblical perspective on race, explaining that all humans belong to one biological race but can be divided into two spiritual races based on their relatio
Art Katz Apostolic Foundations (3 of 12) by Art Katz In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the urgency of the gospel message and the imminent judgment of God. He challenges the idea that the gospel is simply a pleasant and soothing
Zac Poonen Five Truths and Eight Confessions by Zac Poonen This sermon emphasizes the importance of believing and confessing God's promises, such as God's love, forgiveness, empowerment through the Holy Spirit, contentment, obedience to Hi
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