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2 Samuel 1:20

2 Samuel 1:20 in Multiple Translations

Tell it not in Gath; proclaim it not in the streets of Ashkelon, lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, and the daughters of the uncircumcised exult.

Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askelon; lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.

Tell it not in Gath, Publish it not in the streets of Ashkelon; Lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, Lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.

Give no news of it in Gath, let it not be said in the streets of Ashkelon; or the daughters of the Philistines will be glad, the daughters of men without circumcision will be uplifted in joy.

Don't announce it in the town of Gath, don't proclaim it in the streets of Ashkelon, so that the Philistine women won't rejoice, so that the heathen women won't celebrate.

Tell it not in Gath, nor publish it in the streetes of Ashkelon, lest the daughters of the Philistims reioyce, lest the daughters of the vncircumcised triumph.

Declare [it] not in Gath, Proclaim not the tidings in the streets of Ashkelon, Lest they rejoice — The daughters of the Philistines, Lest they exult — The daughters of the Uncircumcised!

Don’t tell it in Gath. Don’t publish it in the streets of Ashkelon, lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.

Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askelon; lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.

Tell it not in Geth, publish it not in the streets of Ascalon: lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph,

“Do not tell it to our enemies in the Philistia area; do not tell to the people who live in Gath city what happened; do not proclaim it in the streets of Ashkelon city, because if you tell them, even the women in that area will be happy; do not allow those ◄pagan women/women who do not know God► to rejoice.

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Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 1:20

BAB
Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

2 Samuel 1:20 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB אַל תַּגִּ֣ידוּ בְ/גַ֔ת אַֽל תְּבַשְּׂר֖וּ בְּ/חוּצֹ֣ת אַשְׁקְל֑וֹן פֶּן תִּשְׂמַ֨חְנָה֙ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּֽן תַּעֲלֹ֖זְנָה בְּנ֥וֹת הָ/עֲרֵלִֽים
אַל ʼal H408 not Part
תַּגִּ֣ידוּ nâgad H5046 to tell V-Hiphil-Juss-2mp
בְ/גַ֔ת Gath H1661 Gath Prep | N-proper
אַֽל ʼal H408 not Part
תְּבַשְּׂר֖וּ bâsar H1319 to bear tidings V-Piel-Juss-2mp
בְּ/חוּצֹ֣ת chûwts H2351 outside Prep | N-mp
אַשְׁקְל֑וֹן ʼAshqᵉlôwn H831 Ashkelon N-proper
פֶּן pên H6435 lest Conj
תִּשְׂמַ֨חְנָה֙ sâmach H8055 to rejoice V-Qal-Imperf-3fp
בְּנ֣וֹת bath H1323 Bath (Shua) N-fp
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים Pᵉlishtîy H6430 Philistines Ngmpa
פֶּֽן pên H6435 lest Conj
תַּעֲלֹ֖זְנָה ʻâlaz H5937 to exult V-Qal-Imperf-3fp
בְּנ֥וֹת bath H1323 Bath (Shua) N-fp
הָ/עֲרֵלִֽים ʻârêl H6189 uncircumcised Art | Adj
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 1:20

אַל ʼal H408 "not" Part
Means not or nothing, used to express negation, as in the phrase do not or let not be.
Definition: 1) not, no, nor, neither, nothing (as wish or preference) 1a) do not, let not (with a verb) 1b) let there not be (with a verb understood) 1c) not, no (with substantive) 1d) nothing (as substantive) Aramaic equivalent: al (אַל "not" H0409)
Usage: Occurs in 572 OT verses. KJV: nay, neither, [phrase] never, no, nor, not, nothing (worth), rather than. See also: Genesis 13:8; Joshua 11:6; 1 Chronicles 22:13.
תַּגִּ֣ידוּ nâgad H5046 "to tell" V-Hiphil-Juss-2mp
To tell or declare something openly, as in Genesis 3:11 where God asks Adam to tell the truth. It means to stand boldly and announce something to someone present. In Exodus 32:27, Moses tells the Levites to declare their actions to the people.
Definition: 1) to be conspicuous, tell, make known 1a) (Hiphil) to tell, declare 1a1) to tell, announce, report 1a2) to declare, make known, expound 1a3) to inform of 1a4) to publish, declare, proclaim 1a5) to avow, acknowledge, confess 1a5a) messenger (participle) 1b) (Hophal) to be told, be announced, be reported
Usage: Occurs in 344 OT verses. KJV: bewray, [idiom] certainly, certify, declare(-ing), denounce, expound, [idiom] fully, messenger, plainly, profess, rehearse, report, shew (forth), speak, [idiom] surely, tell, utter. See also: Genesis 3:11; 1 Samuel 14:33; 2 Kings 9:15.
בְ/גַ֔ת Gath H1661 "Gath" Prep | N-proper
Gath was a major city of the Philistines, the same people who lived in Goliath's hometown, and its name means winepress in Hebrew.
Definition: § Gath = "winepress" one of the five royal or chief cities of the Philistines and the native city of Goliath
Usage: Occurs in 31 OT verses. KJV: Gath. See also: Joshua 11:22; 2 Samuel 21:20; Psalms 56:1.
אַֽל ʼal H408 "not" Part
Means not or nothing, used to express negation, as in the phrase do not or let not be.
Definition: 1) not, no, nor, neither, nothing (as wish or preference) 1a) do not, let not (with a verb) 1b) let there not be (with a verb understood) 1c) not, no (with substantive) 1d) nothing (as substantive) Aramaic equivalent: al (אַל "not" H0409)
Usage: Occurs in 572 OT verses. KJV: nay, neither, [phrase] never, no, nor, not, nothing (worth), rather than. See also: Genesis 13:8; Joshua 11:6; 1 Chronicles 22:13.
תְּבַשְּׂר֖וּ bâsar H1319 "to bear tidings" V-Piel-Juss-2mp
Basar means to bear tidings or announce good news, often used to describe preaching or publishing glad news. It is used in the Bible to describe the spread of salvation or joyful messages.
Definition: 1) to bear news, bear tidings, publish, preach, show forth 1a) (Piel) 1a1) to gladden with good news 1a2) to bear news 1a3) to announce (salvation) as good news, preach 1b) (Hithpael) to receive good news
Usage: Occurs in 21 OT verses. KJV: messenger, preach, publish, shew forth, (bear, bring, carry, preach, good, tell good) tidings. See also: 1 Samuel 4:17; 1 Chronicles 16:23; Psalms 40:10.
בְּ/חוּצֹ֣ת chûwts H2351 "outside" Prep | N-mp
This word means outside or outdoors, referring to something beyond a wall or boundary. It can also mean a street or highway, as seen in various KJV translations, including abroad, field, and without.
Definition: outside, outward, street, the outside
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: abroad, field, forth, highway, more, out(-side, -ward), street, without. See also: Genesis 6:14; 2 Chronicles 24:8; Psalms 18:43.
אַשְׁקְל֑וֹן ʼAshqᵉlôwn H831 "Ashkelon" N-proper
Ashkelon was a major city in ancient Palestine, southwest of Jerusalem. It was a key Philistine city, mentioned in the books of Joshua and Amos. The KJV translates it as 'Ashkelon' or 'Askalon'.
Definition: Askelon or Ashkelon = "the fire of infamy: I shall be weighed" a maritime city of the Philistines, southwest of Jerusalem Also named: esh.qe.lo.ni (אֶשְׁקְלוֹנִי "Ashkelon" H0832)
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: Ashkelon, Askalon. See also: Judges 1:18; Jeremiah 47:5; Jeremiah 25:20.
פֶּן pên H6435 "lest" Conj
This word is used to express caution or warning, similar to saying 'lest' or 'beware that'. It is often used in the Bible to advise against certain actions or to warn of potential consequences.
Definition: conj 1) lest, not, beware lest adv 2) lest
Usage: Occurs in 125 OT verses. KJV: (lest) (peradventure), that...not. See also: Genesis 3:3; Judges 14:15; Psalms 2:12.
תִּשְׂמַ֨חְנָה֙ sâmach H8055 "to rejoice" V-Qal-Imperf-3fp
This verb means to rejoice or be glad, often used in a religious sense, like when the Israelites rejoiced at the dedication of the temple in 1 Kings 8:66.
Definition: 1) to rejoice, be glad 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to rejoice 1a2) to rejoice (arrogantly), exult (at) 1a3) to rejoice (religiously) 1b) (Piel) to cause to rejoice, gladden, make glad 1c) (Hiphil) to cause to rejoice, gladden, make glad
Usage: Occurs in 148 OT verses. KJV: cheer up, be (make) glad, (have, make) joy(-ful), be (make) merry, (cause to, make to) rejoice, [idiom] very. See also: Exodus 4:14; Psalms 92:5; Psalms 5:12.
בְּנ֣וֹת bath H1323 "Bath (Shua)" N-fp
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים Pᵉlishtîy H6430 "Philistines" Ngmpa
A Philistine is a person from the region of Philistia, which was inhabited by immigrants from other places. The Philistines were known for their conflicts with the Israelites, as recorded in the Bible. They were a distinct ethnic group.
Definition: Philistine = "immigrants" an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan Another name of ga.dol (גָּדוֹל "Great( Sea)" H1419J)
Usage: Occurs in 244 OT verses. KJV: Philistine. See also: Genesis 10:14; 1 Samuel 17:8; 1 Chronicles 10:1.
פֶּֽן pên H6435 "lest" Conj
This word is used to express caution or warning, similar to saying 'lest' or 'beware that'. It is often used in the Bible to advise against certain actions or to warn of potential consequences.
Definition: conj 1) lest, not, beware lest adv 2) lest
Usage: Occurs in 125 OT verses. KJV: (lest) (peradventure), that...not. See also: Genesis 3:3; Judges 14:15; Psalms 2:12.
תַּעֲלֹ֖זְנָה ʻâlaz H5937 "to exult" V-Qal-Imperf-3fp
To exult means to jump for joy or rejoice triumphantly. It is used in the Bible to describe feelings of great happiness or celebration, like in Psalm 108:7 where it says God will exult over his people.
Definition: (Qal) to exult, rejoice, triumph
Usage: Occurs in 16 OT verses. KJV: be joyful, rejoice, triumph. See also: 2 Samuel 1:20; Proverbs 23:16; Psalms 28:7.
בְּנ֥וֹת bath H1323 "Bath (Shua)" N-fp
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
הָ/עֲרֵלִֽים ʻârêl H6189 "uncircumcised" Art | Adj
This Hebrew word describes someone who is uncircumcised, meaning they still have their foreskin. It is used to distinguish between Jews and non-Jews, as seen in Acts 7.
Definition: uncircumcised, having foreskin
Usage: Occurs in 32 OT verses. KJV: uncircumcised (person). See also: Genesis 17:14; Jeremiah 6:10; Isaiah 52:1.

Study Notes — 2 Samuel 1:20

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Micah 1:10 Do not tell it in Gath; do not weep at all. Roll in the dust in Beth-leaphrah.
2 1 Samuel 18:6 As the troops were returning home after David had killed the Philistine, the women came out of all the cities of Israel to meet King Saul with singing and dancing, with joyful songs, and with tambourines and other instruments.
3 Judges 11:34 And when Jephthah returned home to Mizpah, there was his daughter coming out to meet him with tambourines and dancing! She was his only child; he had no son or daughter besides her.
4 Exodus 15:20–21 Then Miriam the prophetess, Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women followed her with tambourines and dancing. And Miriam sang back to them: “Sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.”
5 1 Samuel 31:8–9 The next day, when the Philistines came to strip the dead, they found Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa. They cut off Saul’s head, stripped off his armor, and sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines to proclaim the news in the temples of their idols and among their people.
6 1 Samuel 17:26 David asked the men who were standing with him, “What will be done for the man who kills this Philistine and removes this disgrace from Israel? Just who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?”
7 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has killed lions and bears; this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, for he has defied the armies of the living God.”
8 Ezekiel 16:57 before your wickedness was uncovered? Even so, you are now scorned by the daughters of Edom and all those around her, and by the daughters of the Philistines—all those around you who despise you.
9 Deuteronomy 32:26–27 I would have said that I would cut them to pieces and blot out their memory from mankind, if I had not dreaded the taunt of the enemy, lest their adversaries misunderstand and say: ‘Our own hand has prevailed; it was not the LORD who did all this.’”
10 Judges 14:19 Then the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, killed thirty of their men, took their apparel, and gave their clothes to those who had solved the riddle. And burning with anger, Samson returned to his father’s house,

2 Samuel 1:20 Summary

This verse is telling us not to share the news of Saul's death with the enemies of Israel, the Philistines, because it would give them a reason to rejoice over Israel's defeat, as seen in 2 Samuel 1:20. It's like when someone we don't get along with has a success, and we don't want to give them the satisfaction of knowing we're upset, similar to the principle in Proverbs 25:21-22. Instead, we should be mindful of how our words and actions might affect others, and try to glorify God in all we do, as encouraged in 1 Corinthians 10:31. By being thoughtful and considerate, we can show that we care about the reputation of God and the well-being of His people, as emphasized in Matthew 5:16.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does the verse instruct not to tell the news in Gath and Ashkelon?

The instruction is given to avoid giving the enemies of Israel, the Philistines, a reason to rejoice over the death of Saul and Jonathan, as seen in 2 Samuel 1:20, and this is in line with the principle of not giving glory to the enemies of God, as noted in Deuteronomy 26:19 and Psalm 97:10.

Who are the daughters of the Philistines and the daughters of the uncircumcised in this verse?

The daughters of the Philistines and the daughters of the uncircumcised refer to the women of the Philistine nations and other pagan nations, who would exult over the defeat of Israel, as mentioned in 2 Samuel 1:20, and this is similar to the warning in Psalm 106:34-35 against being influenced by the ungodly.

What is the significance of the cities Gath and Ashkelon in this context?

Gath and Ashkelon were major cities of the Philistines, and the instruction not to proclaim the news there, as seen in 2 Samuel 1:20, indicates that the news of Saul's death was not to be spread among the enemies of Israel, in order to prevent their rejoicing, as also warned in Proverbs 24:17-18.

How does this verse relate to the broader theme of the chapter?

This verse is part of the lamentation over the death of Saul and Jonathan, as seen in 2 Samuel 1:17-27, and it highlights the concern for the reputation of Israel and the glory of God, as also emphasized in Isaiah 48:11 and Ezekiel 36:22-23.

Reflection Questions

  1. What are some ways that we, as believers, can avoid giving glory to the enemies of God in our own lives, and what principles can we learn from this verse in 2 Samuel?
  2. How can we balance the need to share the truth with the need to be sensitive to the feelings and reactions of others, as illustrated in this verse?
  3. In what ways can we, like David, show respect and dignity to those who have fallen, even if they were flawed or failed in some way, as seen in 2 Samuel 1:17-27?
  4. What are some areas in our lives where we may be giving undue attention or glory to the things of the world, rather than to God, and how can we redirect our focus, in light of 2 Samuel 1:20 and Colossians 3:2?

Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 1:20

Tell [it] not in Gath,.... One of the five principalities of the Philistines, and the chief of them, being raised to a kingdom, and whose king was at the head of the armies of the Philistines that engaged with Saul.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 1:20

Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askelon; lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 1:20

Tell it not in Gath: this is not a precept, but a poetical wish; whereby he doth not so much desire that this might not be done, which he knew to be vain and impossible; as express his great sorrow because it was and would be done, to the great dishonour of God and of his people. He mentions the daughters of the Philistines, because it was the custom of women in those times and places to celebrate those victories which their men obtained, with triumphant songs and dances; as Exodus 15 Jude 11:34 .

Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 1:20

2 Samuel 1:20 Tell [it] not in Gath, publish [it] not in the streets of Askelon; lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice, lest the daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.Ver. 20. Tell it not in Gath.] Ah utinam saltem cladem hanc celare possemus hostes nostros. If wishing were anything, I could heartily wish that our enemies might never come to the knowledge of this great loss of ours. For how, alas! will they exult and insult over us, blaspheming God, and condemning his Church! as Judges 16:23-30.

Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 1:20

(20) In Gath . . . in the streets of Askelon.—Two chief cities of the Philistines, poetically put for the whole. In the former David had himself resided (1 Samuel 21:10; 1 Samuel 27:3-4), and in the latter was a famous temple of Venus, which was doubtless “the house of Ashtaroth” (1 Samuel 31:10), where the Philistines put the armour of Saul. “Tell it not in Gath” appears to have become a proverb. (See Micah 1:10.) Lest the daughters of the Philistines.—It was customary for women to celebrate national deliverances and victories (Exodus 15:21; 1 Samuel 18:6). The word uncircumcised might be applied to the heathen generally, but it so happens that, with the exception of Gen 34:14, it is used in the historical books only of the Philistines (Judges 14:3; Judges 15:18; 1 Samuel 14:6; 1 Samuel 17:26; 1 Samuel 17:36; 1 Samuel 31:4; 1 Chronicles 10:4).

Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 1:20

20. Tell it not in Gath, &c.] Gath on account of its political importance, Askelon as a great religious centre, are chosen as representative of the whole country. Gath seems to have had special prominence as the city of Achish; not impossibly the temple of Ashtaroth in which Saul’s armour was deposited was the famous temple of Venus at Askelon. See note on 1 Samuel 31:10. The phrase “Tell it not in Gath” is quoted in Micah 1:10 (E. V. declare), and perhaps passed into a proverb. Publish it not] Additional force is gained by keeping the usual meaning of the word, publish not the good news (LXX. accurately, μὴεὐαγγελίσησθε). Of course the words can only be understood as a poetical wish that it were possible for Israel to be spared the degradation of Philistine triumph. The news was carried at once throughout the land (1 Samuel 31:9). the daughters of the Philistines] Victories were celebrated by the women of the country with public songs and dances. Cp. 1 Samuel 18:6; Exodus 15:20-21. the uncircumcised] The common epithet for the Philistines, as heathen who had no share in Jehovah’s covenant with Israel. No small part of the bitterness of defeat to a pious heart consisted in the triumph of the heathen over God’s inheritance. Cp. 1 Samuel 14:6.

Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 1:20

Gath, the royal city of Achish 1 Samuel 21:10; 1 Samuel 27:2. Askelon, the chief seat of worship (1 Samuel 31:10 note).

Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 1:20

20. Tell it not — For bitterly humiliating would it be to have the women of Philistia celebrate with singing and dancing and instrumental music (comp. 1 Samuel 18:6) this victory over Israel.

Sermons on 2 Samuel 1:20

SermonDescription
John Bunyan A Case of Conscience Resolved by John Bunyan John Bunyan addresses the contentious issue of whether women in a church should separate from men to conduct their own prayer meetings. He argues against this practice, emphasizing
Clement of Rome Examples of Circumspect Behaviour by Clement of Rome Clement of Rome emphasizes the holy and separate lifestyles of the prophets and apostles, highlighting their dedication to serving God without the distractions of relationships wit
Zac Poonen The Testing of David by Zac Poonen Zac Poonen emphasizes the testing of David, highlighting how God chose David for his faithfulness and concern for God's glory, contrasting him with Saul, who failed God's tests. Da
Zac Poonen (Gaining God's Approval) 7. the Testing of David by Zac Poonen Zac Poonen emphasizes the testing of David as a man after God's own heart, highlighting his faithfulness in mundane tasks, concern for God's glory, and refusal to take revenge agai
Zac Poonen Destroy Satan's Fortresses in Your Mind by Zac Poonen Zac Poonen preaches on the story of David and Goliath, emphasizing David's intense concern for God's name and the honor of God's people. David's willingness to face Goliath stemmed
F.B. Meyer The Armies of the Living God. by F.B. Meyer F.B. Meyer emphasizes the stark contrast between David and the soldiers of Saul, who viewed God as distant and absent, while David experienced God as a living presence in his life.
Chuck Smith I Samuel 17:36 by Chuck Smith Chuck Smith emphasizes the significance of David's faith and past victories in overcoming the giant Goliath. He highlights how David's previous encounters with a lion and a bear pr

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