2 Kings 19:13
2 Kings 19:13 in Multiple Translations
Where are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?’”
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivah?
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivvah?
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the town of Sepharvaim, of Hena and of Ivvah?
Where today is the king of Hamath, the king of Arpad, the king of the city of Sepharvaim, the king of Hena, or the king of Ivvah?’”
Where is the King of Hamath, and the King of Arpad, and the King of the citie of Shepharuaim, Hena and Iuah?
Where [is] the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?'
Where is the king of Hamath, the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivvah?’”
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivah?
Where is the king of Emath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Ana and of Ava?
What happened to the kings of Hamath and Arpad and Sepharvaim and Ivvah cities [RHQ]? Most of them are dead, and the other people were deported!”
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Kings 19:13
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
2 Kings 19:13 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
אַיּ֤/וֹ
מֶֽלֶךְ
חֲמָת֙
וּ/מֶ֣לֶךְ
אַרְפָּ֔ד
וּ/מֶ֖לֶךְ
לָעִ֣יר
סְפַרְוָ֑יִם
הֵנַ֖ע
וְ/עִוָּֽה
אַיּ֤/וֹ
ʼay
H335
where?
Part | Suff
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
חֲמָת֙
Chămâth
H2574
Hamath
N-proper
וּ/מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
Conj | N-ms
אַרְפָּ֔ד
ʼArpâd
H774
Arpad
N-proper
וּ/מֶ֖לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
Conj | N-ms
לָעִ֣יר
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
N-proper
סְפַרְוָ֑יִם
Çᵉpharvayim
H5617
Sepharvaim
N-proper
הֵנַ֖ע
Hênaʻ
H2012
Hena
N-proper
וְ/עִוָּֽה
ʻIvvâh
H5755
Ivvah
Conj | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Kings 19:13
אַיּ֤/וֹ
ʼay
H335
"where?"
Part | Suff
The Hebrew word for where or how, used to ask questions about location or method, as seen in various Bible translations, including how, what, or which way.
Definition: 1) whereto ?, whence? 2) which?, how? (in prefix with other adverb)
Usage: Occurs in 36 OT verses. KJV: how, what, whence, where, whether, which (way). See also: Genesis 3:9; Job 2:2; Proverbs 31:4.
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
חֲמָת֙
Chămâth
H2574
"Hamath"
N-proper
Hamath is an ancient city in Syria, mentioned in 2 Kings as a key location. It was a major city in the region, known for its fortress.
Definition: § Hamath = "fortress" the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes
Usage: Occurs in 33 OT verses. KJV: Hamath, Hemath. See also: Numbers 13:21; 1 Chronicles 18:9; Isaiah 10:9.
וּ/מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
Conj | N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
אַרְפָּ֔ד
ʼArpâd
H774
"Arpad"
N-proper
Arpad was a city in northern Syria that was conquered by the Assyrians, as mentioned in the book of 2 Kings. The name Arpad means 'I shall be spread out' or 'supported'. It was an important city in ancient times. The city is also mentioned in the book of Isaiah.
Definition: § Arpad or Arphad = "I shall be spread out (or supported)" a city in northern Syria cited as an example of the Assyrian conquest
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: Arpad, Arphad. See also: 2 Kings 18:34; Isaiah 36:19; Isaiah 10:9.
וּ/מֶ֖לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
Conj | N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
לָעִ֣יר
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
N-proper
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
סְפַרְוָ֑יִם
Çᵉpharvayim
H5617
"Sepharvaim"
N-proper
Sepharvaim was a city in Syria, possibly located near the Euphrates River above Babylon. The city was conquered by the king of Assyria and is mentioned in the book of 2 Kings, where it is associated with the worship of false gods.
Definition: Sepharvaim = "the two Sipparas" a city in Syria conquered by the king of Assyria 1a) perhaps near the modern 'Mosaib' and on the Euphrates above Babylon Also named: se.phar.vi (סְפַרְוִי "Sepharvaim" H5616)
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. See also: 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 36:19.
הֵנַ֖ע
Hênaʻ
H2012
"Hena"
N-proper
Hena refers to a place in Mesopotamia that was conquered by the Assyrian kings before Sennacherib's time. It is mentioned as a city that was reduced by the Assyrians. The exact location is unknown.
Definition: § Hena = "troubling" a city in Mesopotamia which the Assyrian kings reduced shortly before the time of Sennacherib
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Hena. See also: 2 Kings 18:34; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 37:13.
וְ/עִוָּֽה
ʻIvvâh
H5755
"Ivvah"
Conj | N-proper
Ivvah refers to a region in Assyria that was conquered and left in ruin. The city's name means destruction or overthrow, reflecting its history of being ravaged by war. It is mentioned in the Bible as a place of devastation.
Definition: Ava or Ivah = "ruin" a city conquered by the Assyrians Also named: av.vim (עַוִּים "Avvite" H5761I)
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Ava, Ivah. See also: 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 37:13.
Study Notes — 2 Kings 19:13
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Kings 19:13 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Kings 19:13
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 19:13
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Kings 19:13
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Kings 19:13
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
- Sermons on 2 Kings 19:13
Context — Sennacherib’s Blasphemous Letter
11Surely you have heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all the other countries, devoting them to destruction. Will you then be spared?
12Did the gods of the nations destroyed by my fathers rescue those nations—the gods of Gozan, Haran, and Rezeph, and of the people of Eden in Telassar?
13Where are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?’”
14So Hezekiah received the letter from the messengers, read it, and went up to the house of the LORD and spread it out before the LORD. 15And Hezekiah prayed before the LORD: “O LORD, God of Israel, enthroned between the cherubim, You alone are God over all the kingdoms of the earth. You made the heavens and the earth.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 18:34 | Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah? Have they delivered Samaria from my hand? |
| 2 | 2 Kings 17:24 | Then the king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Cuthah, Avva, Hamath, and Sepharvaim and settled them in the towns of Samaria to replace the Israelites. They took possession of Samaria and lived in its towns. |
| 3 | Isaiah 11:11 | On that day the Lord will extend His hand a second time to recover the remnant of His people from Assyria, from Egypt, from Pathros, from Cush, from Elam, from Shinar, from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. |
| 4 | Numbers 34:8 | and from Mount Hor to Lebo-hamath, then extend to Zedad, |
| 5 | Jeremiah 39:5 | But the army of the Chaldeans pursued them and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho. They seized him and brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on him. |
| 6 | Isaiah 37:13–20 | Where are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?’” So Hezekiah received the letter from the messengers, read it, and went up to the house of the LORD and spread it out before the LORD. And Hezekiah prayed to the LORD: “O LORD of Hosts, God of Israel, enthroned above the cherubim, You alone are God over all the kingdoms of the earth. You made the heavens and the earth. Incline Your ear, O LORD, and hear; open Your eyes, O LORD, and see. Listen to all the words that Sennacherib has sent to defy the living God. Truly, O LORD, the kings of Assyria have laid waste all these countries and their lands. They have cast their gods into the fire and destroyed them, for they were not gods, but only wood and stone—the work of human hands. And now, O LORD our God, save us from his hand, so that all the kingdoms of the earth may know that You alone, O LORD, are God. ” |
| 7 | Zechariah 9:2 | and also against Hamath, which borders it, as well as Tyre and Sidon, though they are very shrewd. |
| 8 | Numbers 13:21 | So they went up and spied out the land from the Wilderness of Zin as far as Rehob, toward Lebo-hamath. |
| 9 | Jeremiah 49:23 | Concerning Damascus: “Hamath and Arpad are put to shame, for they have heard a bad report; they are agitated like the sea; their anxiety cannot be calmed. |
2 Kings 19:13 Summary
In 2 Kings 19:13, the king of Assyria is asking a rhetorical question, wondering what happened to the kings of some cities that his empire had already conquered. He is trying to intimidate Hezekiah and the people of Judah, making them think that they will be next. But this verse can also remind us to trust in God's power and sovereignty, rather than in our own strength or the power of other nations, as seen in Psalm 20:7. We can learn to turn to God in prayer, like Hezekiah did, and trust that He will deliver us, as promised in 2 Chronicles 20:17.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of the cities mentioned in 2 Kings 19:13?
The cities mentioned, such as Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah, were all conquered by the Assyrian empire, and the king of Assyria is using them as examples to intimidate Hezekiah and the people of Judah, as seen in 2 Kings 19:11-12, where he notes that the gods of other nations could not save them from destruction.
Is the king of Assyria's question in 2 Kings 19:13 a genuine inquiry or a rhetorical device?
The king's question is likely a rhetorical device, meant to emphasize the power of the Assyrian empire and the futility of resistance, as he is not seeking a genuine answer but rather making a statement of dominance, similar to the way God uses rhetorical questions in Isaiah 40:12-14 to emphasize His power and wisdom.
How does 2 Kings 19:13 relate to the rest of the chapter?
2 Kings 19:13 is part of the king of Assyria's letter to Hezekiah, which is a taunt and a threat, and it sets the stage for Hezekiah's prayer in 2 Kings 19:15-19, where he seeks God's deliverance and protection, trusting in God's power and sovereignty as seen in Psalm 103:19.
What can we learn from the king of Assyria's boastful statement in 2 Kings 19:13?
We can learn that pride and arrogance, as seen in the king's boastful statement, can lead to a downfall, as noted in Proverbs 16:18, and that trust in God, as seen in Hezekiah's prayer, is the only true source of security and protection, as promised in Psalm 91:1-2.
Reflection Questions
- What are the things in my life that I am trusting in for security and protection, and are they truly reliable?
- How can I, like Hezekiah, turn to God in prayer when faced with intimidating or overwhelming circumstances?
- What are some ways that I can trust in God's power and sovereignty, even when faced with seemingly insurmountable challenges?
- How can I avoid the trap of pride and arrogance, and instead cultivate a humble and trusting heart, as seen in 1 Peter 5:6-7?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Kings 19:13
[See comments on 2 Kings 19:1]
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 19:13
Thus shall ye speak to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying, Let not thy God in whom thou trustest deceive thee, saying, Jerusalem shall not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
where is the king of Hamath? either, 1. Their god, whom he here calls their king, because they looked upon him as their protector and governor, which kings are or should be to their people. Or rather, 2. Their king properly so called. And as before he compared their gods with the God of Jerusalem, so now he compares their kings with king Hezekiah; and by both intends to persuade them, that neither their God nor their king was able to save them out of his hand. Of Sepharvaim, of Itena, and Ivah; of which See Poole "".
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
2 Kings 19:13 Where [is] the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivah?Ver. 13. Where is the king of Hamath, &c.?] See 2 Kings 18:33. Only there it is gods of those places, and here kings. The heathens commonly called their gods kings - as Fοιβεαναξ, βασιλευςανδρωντεθεωντε, &c. - and they reckoned, that whatsoever their gods could do, their kings should be sure of. We have not so served the gods, said that Roman emperor, that they should serve us no better than to give the enemy the better of us. Non sic deos coluimus, &c. - Antonin. Phil.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
(13) The king.—Comp. 2 Kings 18:34, from which, as well as from the sequence of thought in 2 Kings 19:12-13 here, it is clear that “king” is here used as a synonym of local god. (Comp. Amos 5:26; Psalms 5:2 : “My King, and my God.”)
Cambridge Bible on 2 Kings 19:13
13. Where is the king of Hamath] On all the places named here, see above in the notes on 2 Kings 17:34.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Kings 19:13
Compare the marginal reference 2 Kings 17:24. 2 Kings 19:12 refers to former Assyrian successes, 2 Kings 19:13 to comparatively recent ones.
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Kings 19:13
13. Where is the king of Hamath — In 2 Kings 18:34, we have “gods of Hamath.” The arrogant Assyrian claims that neither gods nor kings can resist his power.
Sermons on 2 Kings 19:13
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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(The Word for Today) Isaiah 11:11 - Part 3 by Chuck Smith | In this sermon, Pastor Chuck Smith discusses the current state of the world and the need for God's intervention. He expresses concern over the increasing wickedness and rebellion a |
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The Deed to the Land by Chuck Smith | In this sermon, the speaker addresses the misconceptions and sensationalism surrounding the United States and Israel. He compares the portrayal of America in the media to the reali |
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The Place of Israel in God's Purposes - Part 3 by Derek Prince | This sermon by Derek Prince Ministries focuses on the restoration of the Jewish people according to biblical prophecy. It highlights the process of God giving the Jewish people a n |
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The Hand Behind History by David Davis | This sermon delves into the story of Daniel in Babylon, where a wild party takes place with sacred vessels from the temple in Jerusalem being desecrated. The hand of God writes on |
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The Conversion and Restoration of Israel by Arno Clemens Gaebelein | Arno Clemens Gaebelein preaches about the future restoration and conversion of Israel as prophesied in the Bible. The manifestation of Jehovah will bring judgment upon the nations |
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The Glory of God in Resurrection by T. Austin-Sparks | T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the glory of God revealed through the resurrection of Lazarus, illustrating that Lazarus's death was part of God's divine plan to demonstrate His power |
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Ezekiel 36 by Chuck Smith | Chuck Smith discusses the prophetic significance of Ezekiel 36 in relation to the current Mid-East crisis, emphasizing God's promise to regather His people from among the nations a |