Isaiah 37:13
Isaiah 37:13 in Multiple Translations
Where are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?’”
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah?
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivvah?
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the town of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivva?
Where today is the king of Hamath, the king of Arpad, the king of the city of Sepharvaim, the king of Hena, or the king of Ivvah?’”
Where is the King of Hamath, and the King of Arpad, and the King of the citie of Sepharuaim, Hena and Iuah?
Where [is] the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?'
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and Ivvah?’”
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arpad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah?
Where is the king of Emath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, of Ana, and of Ava?
What happened to the King of Hamath and the King of Arpad? What happened to the kings of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah cities? Did their gods rescue them [RHQ]?”
Berean Amplified Bible — Isaiah 37:13
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Isaiah 37:13 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
אַיֵּ֤ה
מֶֽלֶךְ
חֲמָת֙
וּ/מֶ֣לֶךְ
אַרְפָּ֔ד
וּ/מֶ֖לֶךְ
לָעִ֣יר
סְפַרְוָ֑יִם
הֵנַ֖ע
וְ/עִוָּֽה
אַיֵּ֤ה
ʼayêh
H346
where?
Part
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
חֲמָת֙
Chămâth
H2574
Hamath
N-proper
וּ/מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
Conj | N-ms
אַרְפָּ֔ד
ʼArpâd
H774
Arpad
N-proper
וּ/מֶ֖לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
Conj | N-ms
לָעִ֣יר
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
N-proper
סְפַרְוָ֑יִם
Çᵉpharvayim
H5617
Sepharvaim
N-proper
הֵנַ֖ע
Hênaʻ
H2012
Hena
N-proper
וְ/עִוָּֽה
ʻIvvâh
H5755
Ivvah
Conj | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Isaiah 37:13
אַיֵּ֤ה
ʼayêh
H346
"where?"
Part
The Hebrew word for where, used to ask for the location of someone or something. It appears in various biblical contexts, including rhetorical questions.
Definition: 1) where? 1a) of persons, things 1b) rhetorical
Usage: Occurs in 40 OT verses. KJV: where. See also: Genesis 18:9; Isaiah 33:18; Psalms 42:4.
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
חֲמָת֙
Chămâth
H2574
"Hamath"
N-proper
Hamath is an ancient city in Syria, mentioned in 2 Kings as a key location. It was a major city in the region, known for its fortress.
Definition: § Hamath = "fortress" the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes
Usage: Occurs in 33 OT verses. KJV: Hamath, Hemath. See also: Numbers 13:21; 1 Chronicles 18:9; Isaiah 10:9.
וּ/מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
Conj | N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
אַרְפָּ֔ד
ʼArpâd
H774
"Arpad"
N-proper
Arpad was a city in northern Syria that was conquered by the Assyrians, as mentioned in the book of 2 Kings. The name Arpad means 'I shall be spread out' or 'supported'. It was an important city in ancient times. The city is also mentioned in the book of Isaiah.
Definition: § Arpad or Arphad = "I shall be spread out (or supported)" a city in northern Syria cited as an example of the Assyrian conquest
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: Arpad, Arphad. See also: 2 Kings 18:34; Isaiah 36:19; Isaiah 10:9.
וּ/מֶ֖לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
Conj | N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
לָעִ֣יר
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
N-proper
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
סְפַרְוָ֑יִם
Çᵉpharvayim
H5617
"Sepharvaim"
N-proper
Sepharvaim was a city in Syria, possibly located near the Euphrates River above Babylon. The city was conquered by the king of Assyria and is mentioned in the book of 2 Kings, where it is associated with the worship of false gods.
Definition: Sepharvaim = "the two Sipparas" a city in Syria conquered by the king of Assyria 1a) perhaps near the modern 'Mosaib' and on the Euphrates above Babylon Also named: se.phar.vi (סְפַרְוִי "Sepharvaim" H5616)
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. See also: 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 36:19.
הֵנַ֖ע
Hênaʻ
H2012
"Hena"
N-proper
Hena refers to a place in Mesopotamia that was conquered by the Assyrian kings before Sennacherib's time. It is mentioned as a city that was reduced by the Assyrians. The exact location is unknown.
Definition: § Hena = "troubling" a city in Mesopotamia which the Assyrian kings reduced shortly before the time of Sennacherib
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Hena. See also: 2 Kings 18:34; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 37:13.
וְ/עִוָּֽה
ʻIvvâh
H5755
"Ivvah"
Conj | N-proper
Ivvah refers to a region in Assyria that was conquered and left in ruin. The city's name means destruction or overthrow, reflecting its history of being ravaged by war. It is mentioned in the Bible as a place of devastation.
Definition: Ava or Ivah = "ruin" a city conquered by the Assyrians Also named: av.vim (עַוִּים "Avvite" H5761I)
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Ava, Ivah. See also: 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Kings 19:13; Isaiah 37:13.
Study Notes — Isaiah 37:13
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Isaiah 37:13 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 37:13
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 37:13
- Ellicott's Commentary on Isaiah 37:13
- Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 37:13
- Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 37:13
- Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 37:13
Context — Sennacherib’s Blasphemous Letter
11Surely you have heard what the kings of Assyria have done to all the other countries, devoting them to destruction. Will you then be spared?
12Did the gods of the nations destroyed by my fathers rescue those nations—the gods of Gozan, Haran, and Rezeph, and of the people of Eden in Telassar?
13Where are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?’”
14So Hezekiah received the letter from the messengers, read it, and went up to the house of the LORD and spread it out before the LORD. 15And Hezekiah prayed to the LORD:Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 19:13 | Where are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?’” |
| 2 | 2 Kings 17:24 | Then the king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Cuthah, Avva, Hamath, and Sepharvaim and settled them in the towns of Samaria to replace the Israelites. They took possession of Samaria and lived in its towns. |
| 3 | Isaiah 36:19 | Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim? Have they delivered Samaria from my hand? |
| 4 | 2 Kings 18:34 | Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah? Have they delivered Samaria from my hand? |
| 5 | Jeremiah 49:23 | Concerning Damascus: “Hamath and Arpad are put to shame, for they have heard a bad report; they are agitated like the sea; their anxiety cannot be calmed. |
| 6 | Isaiah 10:9 | “Is not Calno like Carchemish? Is not Hamath like Arpad? Is not Samaria like Damascus? |
| 7 | 2 Kings 17:30–31 | The men of Babylon made Succoth-benoth, the men of Cuth made Nergal, the men of Hamath made Ashima, the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of the Sepharvaim. |
Isaiah 37:13 Summary
Isaiah 37:13 is a verse where the King of Assyria is taunting Hezekiah, asking where the kings of certain cities are, implying that they are no more. This is a tactic to intimidate and demoralize Hezekiah and the people of Judah. However, as believers, we can trust in God's sovereignty and faithfulness, knowing that He is the one who determines the fate of nations (Psalms 46:10). We can apply this truth to our own lives, trusting in God's deliverance and faithfulness, just like Hezekiah does in Isaiah 37:14-20, and remembering God's past faithfulness, as seen in Isaiah 40:28-31.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the context of Isaiah 37:13 and why is it significant?
Isaiah 37:13 is part of a larger conversation between Hezekiah and the King of Assyria, where the king is taunting Hezekiah about the fate of other nations that have been destroyed, as seen in Isaiah 37:11-12, and is asking where the kings of these cities are now, implying that they are no more, much like the nations mentioned in Isaiah 36:18-20.
Who are the kings of Hamath, Arpad, Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?
These kings are from cities that were conquered by the Assyrians, as mentioned in 2 Kings 17:24 and 2 Kings 18:34, and are being used as examples by the King of Assyria to intimidate Hezekiah and the people of Judah.
What is the King of Assyria trying to accomplish with his questions?
The King of Assyria is trying to intimidate and demoralize Hezekiah and the people of Judah by reminding them of the fate of other nations that have been destroyed, as seen in Isaiah 37:11-12, and is implying that Judah will suffer the same fate if they do not surrender, which is a tactic also used in Isaiah 36:15-16.
How does this verse relate to the overall message of Isaiah 37?
Isaiah 37:13 is part of a larger narrative that showcases God's deliverance and faithfulness to His people, as seen in Isaiah 37:14-20, and serves as a reminder that God is the one who ultimately determines the fate of nations, as stated in Psalms 46:10 and Isaiah 40:15-17.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I am facing intimidation or fear, and how can I apply the truth of God's sovereignty to those situations, as seen in Isaiah 37:13 and Isaiah 40:28-31?
- How can I trust in God's faithfulness and deliverance when faced with overwhelming circumstances, like Hezekiah in Isaiah 37:14-20?
- What are some ways that I can remember and reflect on God's past faithfulness in my life, like Hezekiah does in Isaiah 37:14-20, and how can I use those memories to trust in Him for the future?
- In what ways can I be a source of encouragement and hope to others who are facing fear and intimidation, as Isaiah 41:10 and Isaiah 43:1-3 encourage us to do?
Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 37:13
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim,.... The same, as some think, with the gods or idols of those places, [See comments on Isaiah 36:19];
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 37:13
Where is the king of Hamath, and the king of Arphad, and the king of the city of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivah? Hena ... Ivah - in Babylonia. From Ava colonists had been brought to Samaria (2 Kings 17:24).
Ellicott's Commentary on Isaiah 37:13
(13) Where is the king of Hamath . . .—The question which had been asked in Isaiah 36:19 as to the gods of the cities named is now asked of their kings, and the implied answer is that they are in the dungeons of Nineveh. Hena, and Ivah.—The sites have not been identified, but Anah is found as the name of a city on the Euphrates, and Ivah may be the same as the Ava of 2 Kings 17:24.
Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 37:13
13. Hamath … Arphad … Sepharvaim] See ch. Isaiah 36:19. Hena and Ivah (R.V. more correctly, Ivvah) are not known. The latter is probably the same as Ava or Avva (2 Kings 17:24).
Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 37:13
The king of Hamath - (See the note at Isaiah 36:19). Hena and Ivah - Hena is mentioned in 2 Kings 18:34; 2 Kings 19:13.
Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 37:13
10-13. Sennacherib, in his arrogance and ignorance, again insults the God of Israel by lowering him to the grade of the national gods around, and boasts of the great things his predecessors had done.