Zephaniah 2:14 — Word Study
WLCוְרָבְצ֨וּ בְתוֹכָ֤הּ עֲדָרִים֙ כָּל־ חַיְתוֹ־ ג֔וֹי גַּם־ קָאַת֙ גַּם־ קִפֹּ֔ד בְּכַפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ יָלִ֑ינוּ ק֠וֹל יְשׁוֹרֵ֤ר בַּֽחַלּוֹן֙ חֹ֣רֶב בַּסַּ֔ף כִּ֥י אַרְזָ֖ה עֵרָֽה׃
BSAHerdsʻêder [flocks of sheep and cattle, all the beasts of the nations] will lie downrâbats [rest, stretch out] in her midsttâvek [center, middle of the city] creatureschay [living beings, animals] of every kindkôl [all the beasts of the nations] Bothgam the desert owlqâʼath [pelican, cormorant] andgam screech owlqippôwd [bittern, porcupine] will roostlûwn▸ [lodge, make their living-places] atop her [pillars]kaphtôr [upper lintels, capitals] ◂Their callsqôwl [voice, sound] will soundshîyr▸ [sing, cry out] from the windowchallôwn [hole in the wall] but desolationchôreb [drought, ruin] will lie on the thresholdçaph [door sill, post] forkîy He will exposeʻârâh■ [uncover, lay bare] ◂the beams of cedarʼarzâh△ [cedar work, valuable wood]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְרָבְצ֨וּ | and they will lie down | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| בְתוֹכָ֤הּ | in [the] midst of it | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| עֲדָרִים֙ | herds | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| כָּל־ | every | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| חַיְתוֹ־ | animal of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| ג֔וֹי | a nation | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| גַּם־ | both | Adverb |
| קָאַת֙ | desert owl | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| גַּם־ | as well as | Adverb |
| קִפֹּ֔ד | hedgehog | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| בְּכַפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ | on capitals its | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| יָלִ֑ינוּ | they will spend [the] night | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| ק֠וֹל | a sound | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יְשׁוֹרֵ֤ר | it will sing | Verb, Piel, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| בַּֽחַלּוֹן֙ | in the window | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| חֹ֣רֶב | desolation | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| בַּסַּ֔ף | [will be] on the threshold | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| כִּ֥י | for | Particle |
| אַרְזָ֖ה | cedar-work | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| עֵרָֽה׃ | he will lay bare | Verb, Piel, perfect third person masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Herds will lie down in her midst, creatures of every kind. Both the desert owl and screech owl will roost atop her pillars. Their calls will sound from the window, but desolation will lie on the threshold, for He will expose the beams of cedar. |
| KJV | And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the cormorant and the bittern shall lodge in the upper lintels of it; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds: for he shall uncover the cedar work. |
| ASV | And herds shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the pelican and the porcupine shall lodge in the capitals thereof; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds: for he hath laid bare the cedar-work. |
| YLT | And crouched in her midst have droves, Every beast of the nation, Both pelican and hedge-hog in her knobs lodge, A voice doth sing at the window, 'Destruction [is] at the threshold, For the cedar-work is exposed.' |
| WEB | Herds will lie down in the middle of her, all kinds of animals. Both the pelican and the porcupine will lodge in its capitals. Their calls will echo through the windows. Desolation will be in the thresholds, for he has laid bare the cedar beams. |
| BBE | And herds will take their rest in the middle of her, all the beasts of the valley: the pelican and the porcupine will make their living-places on the tops of its pillars; the owl will be crying in the window; the raven will be seen on the doorstep. |
Where they part company is חַיְתוֹ־ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured around a main verb with multiple clauses that describe the scene and the reasons for desolation.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectלין
verbרָבַץ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 20 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Zephaniah 2:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Prophecy of Zephaniahgenerated
Zephaniah 2:14 describes the desolation of a city where herds and creatures of every kind will lie down. This imagery reflects the aftermath of divine judgment, as seen in the surrounding verses that outline God's wrath against nations and cities, emphasizing themes of ruin and abandonment. The prophecy serves as a warning and a reminder of the consequences of turning away from God, with references to similar judgments in Isaiah 13:19-22 and Amos 9:1.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zephaniah 2:6 | So the seacoast will become a land of pastures, with wells for shepherds and folds for sheep. |
| 2 | Isaiah 13:19–22 | And Babylon, the jewel of the kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah. |
| 3 | Isaiah 34:11–17 | The desert owl and screech owl will possess it, and the great owl and raven will dwell in it. The LORD will stretch out over Edom a measuring line of chaos and a plumb line of destruction. |
| 4 | Revelation 18:2 | And he cried out in a mighty voice: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! She has become a lair for demons and a haunt for every unclean spirit, every unclean bird, and every detestable beast. |
| 5 | Amos 9:1 | I saw the Lord standing beside the altar, and He said: “Strike the tops of the pillars so that the thresholds shake. Topple them on the heads of all the people, and I will kill the rest with the sword. None of those who flee will get away; none of the fugitives will escape. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — רָבַץ, ve.ra.ve.Tzugenerated
The verb רָבַץ (rabatz) means to lie down or stretch out, often used to describe animals resting. It conveys a sense of both physical repose and lurking, as in Exodus 23:5, where it suggests a waiting or hidden presence.
In this verse, it illustrates how herds will find rest in the midst of desolation, highlighting the stark contrast between life and the surrounding ruin. The parsing indicates it is a sequential perfect verb, suggesting an action that will occur in the future, emphasizing the certainty of this desolate scene.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb וְרָבְצ֨וּ (and they will lie down) governs the entire verse, with multiple phrases detailing what will happen and where. The structure emphasizes the gathering of herds and creatures in a place that has become desolate.
The sentence flows from a description of the herds to the specifics of the creatures and their actions, culminating in the stark contrast of desolation that will lie on the threshold.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint uses νεμήσονται to translate רָבַץ, which means 'they will lie down.' This choice aligns with the imagery of animals resting, but it also carries a sense of habitation, suggesting a deeper connection to the land.
The choice of θηρία for חַיְתוֹ־ indicates a broader interpretation of creatures, encompassing not just domestic animals but also wild ones, reflecting the desolation's impact on all forms of life.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Zephaniah 2:14 describes a desolate city where herds and all kinds of creatures will lie down. The desert owl and the hedgehog will roost on the pillars, and their calls will echo from the windows. However, desolation will be present at the threshold, as God will expose the cedar beams.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The imagery suggests a transition from a bustling city to a place of desolation, where even animals find rest amidst ruins.
The mention of the desert owl and hedgehog highlights the desolate state of the city, indicating that only certain creatures can thrive in such an environment.
Desolation refers to a state of emptiness and ruin, often resulting from divine judgment, emphasizing the consequences of sin.
This verse echoes themes found in other prophetic texts, such as Isaiah and Amos, which also describe the downfall of cities and the desolation that follows God's judgment.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the image of herds lying down in desolation teach us about the consequences of turning away from God?
- How can we see parallels between this prophecy and the state of our own communities today?
- In what ways does the mention of specific creatures enhance our understanding of the desolation described?
- What steps can we take to ensure we are not part of the desolation that comes from disobedience?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Zephaniah 2:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd flocks shall lie down in the midst of her,.... In the midst of the city of Nineveh; in the streets of it, where houses stood, and people in great numbers walked; but now only should be seen the
Read John Gill on Zephaniah 2 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the cormorant and the bittern shall lodge in the upper lintels of it; their voice shall sing in the windows;
Read Robert Jamieson on Zephaniah 2 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleNineveh shall be so razed that flocks of cattle shall lie down in the midst of it, as before of the Philistines, . All the beasts of the nations; all sorts of beasts which are found in those countries, the tame under the girard of watching shepherds, and wild ones seeking their prey, will attend about those places. The cormorant and the bittern; birds that are solitary, and delight in desolate places, in reedy fens, where they seek their food, and are looked on as unlucky birds. Shall lodge in the upper lintels; shall either make their nests there, or seek and choose their lodging there; they shall roost there in the night upon the pillars, or turrets, or pinnacles. Their voice shall sing…
Read Matthew Poole on Zephaniah 2 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsZephaniah 2:14 And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the cormorant and the bittern shall lodge in the upper lintels of it; [their] voice shall sing in the windows; desolation [shall be] in the thresholds: for he shall uncover the cedar work.Ver. 14. And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, &c.] Here are various and vehement expressions of the dreadful face of her desolations. Omnia congerit quae vastitatem horribilem denotare solent, saith Gualther, because it was held a thing almost impossible that Nineveh should be destroyed. Hence that admiration of bystanders and beholders, Zephaniah 2:15. But what can be impossible to the Almighty? and…
Read John Trapp on Zephaniah 2 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) Both the cormorant. . . .—Better, Both the pelican and the hedgehog shall lodge on her pillar capitals, these lying strewn upon the ground. Their voice.—Better, The voice [of the bird] shall sing in the windows. “In the midst of the desolation, the muteness of the hedgehog, and the pensive loneliness of the solitary pelican, the musing spectator is startled by the glad strain of some song bird, unconscious that it is sitting in the windows of those at whose name the world grew pale” (Pusey). This description of desolation extends even to the cedar panelling of the roofless walls, which is to be laid open to wind and rain.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Zephaniah 2 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her] Nineveh was so completely destroyed, that its situation is not at present even known. The present city of Mossoul is supposed to be in the vicinity of the place where this ancient city stood. The cormorant קאת kaath; and the bittern, קפד kippod. These Newcome translates, "The pelican and the porcupine." Their voice shall sing in the windows] The windows shall be all demolished; wild fowl shall build their nests in them, and shall be seen coming from their sills, and the fine cedar ceilings shall be exposed to the weather, and by and by crumble to dust. See the note on Isaiah 34:11; Isaiah 34:14, where nearly the same terms are used. I…
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CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14. all the beasts of the nations] Sept. all the beasts of the earth, as the phrase usually runs (Genesis 1:24; Psalms 79:2), or beasts of the field. The phrase seems to stand in apposition to flocks, the idea of which it expands. The word “flocks” seems nowhere to be used of wild creatures, but always of those tended by the shepherd. The term “beasts” is generally used of wild creatures, but in Isaiah 46:1 it is used of tame animals, and elsewhere of creatures in general. The term nation (here sing.) is used of locusts (Joe 1:6), just as “people” is used of the ants and conies (Proverbs 30:25-26), and many assume that it is so used here, rendering, all kinds of animals in crowds (Keil…
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Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAnd flocks shall lie down in the midst of her - No desolation is like that of decayed luxury.
Read Albert Barnes on Zephaniah 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Herds will lie down in her midst, creatures of every kind. Both the desert owl and screech owl will roost atop her pillars. Their calls will sound from the window, but desolation will lie on the threshold, for He will expose the beams of cedar.
Herds will lie down in the middle of her, all kinds of animals. Both the pelican and the porcupine will lodge in its capitals. Their calls will echo through the windows. Desolation will be in the thresholds, for he has laid bare the cedar beams.
Herds will lie down in her midst, creatures of every kind. Both the desert owl and screech owl will roost atop her pillars. Their calls will sound from the window, but desolation will lie on the threshold, for He will expose the beams of cedar.
Flocks and herds will lie down in the middle of it, as well as every kind of wild animal. Owls will sleep in the tops of its support pillars; they will hoot through the windows. Rubble will cover the thresholds; even the cedar work will be exposed to the elements.
Tyndale line
And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the cormorant and the bittern shall lodge in the upper lintels of it; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds: for he shall uncover the cedar work.
And herds shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the pelican and the porcupine shall lodge in the capitals thereof; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds: for he hath laid bare the cedar-work.
And herds shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the pelican and the porcupine shall lodge in the chapiters thereof: their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the thresholds; for he hath laid bare the cedar work.
And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the beasts of the nations: both the cormorant and the bittern shall lodge in the upper lintels of it; their voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be in the threshholds: for he shall uncover the cedar work.
And flockes shall lie in the middes of her, and all the beastes of the nations, and the pelicane, and the owle shall abide in the vpper postes of it: the voyce of birdes shall sing in the windowes, and desolations shalbe vpon the postes: for the cedars are vncouered.
Strictly literal
And flocks shall lie down in the midst of her, all the crowd of beasts; both the pelican and the bittern shall lodge in the chapiters thereof; a voice shall sing in the windows; desolation shall be on the thresholds: for he hath laid bare the cedar work.
And crouched in her midst have droves, Every beast of the nation, Both pelican and hedge-hog in her knobs lodge, A voice doth sing at the window, 'Destruction [is] at the threshold, For the cedar-work is exposed.'
And droves have crouched in her midst, || Every beast of the nation, || Both pelican and hedgehog lodge in her knobs, || A voice sings at the window, || “Destruction [is] at the threshold, || For the cedar-work is exposed.”
And there shall lie down in the midst of her flocks, all the beasts of the nations; both the pelican and the hedgehog shall lodge in the capitals of her columns; singing-birds shall sing in the windows; ruin shall be on the thresholds; for the cedar wainscoting shall be torn away.
Then herds will lie down there, every animal of the nations, both the desert owl and the screech owl will rest in the top of her columns. A call will sing out from the windows; rubble will be in the doorways; her carved cedar beams will be exposed.
From the Latin
And flocks shall lie down in the midst thereof, all the beasts of the nations: and the bittern and the urchin shall lodge in the threshold thereof: the voice of the singing bird in the window, the raven on the upper post, for I will consume her strength.
Simplified
Herds will lie down in the middle of the city. It will become the home for every kind of wild animal. Eagle owls and screech owls will roost on its columns. Their calls will echo through the windows. Rubble will block the doors, and the cedar woodwork will be exposed.
And herds will take their rest in the middle of her, all the beasts of the valley: the pelican and the porcupine will make their living-places on the tops of its pillars; the owl will be crying in the window; the raven will be seen on the doorstep.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Zephaniah 2:14 describes animals lying down in the midst of a desolate place, specifically mentioning the desert owl and screech owl roosting atop pillars, with their calls echoing from the window and desolation at the threshold. The Septuagint aligns closely with the Masoretic Text, matching 17 of the 20 words, although it presents them in a different order and structure. The Dead Sea Scrolls (4Q77 and Mur88) also reflect the Masoretic Text's content but contain some words that are partly restored or supplied by an editor, indicating minor variations in preservation. Overall, the primary witnesses agree on the imagery and themes, though the exact wording and structure may differ slightly.
וְרָבְצ֨וּ בְתוֹכָ֤הּ עֲדָרִים֙ כָּל־ חַיְתוֹ־ ג֔וֹי גַּם־ קָאַת֙ גַּם־ קִפֹּ֔ד בְּכַפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ יָלִ֑ינוּ ק֠וֹל יְשׁוֹרֵ֤ר בַּֽחַלּוֹן֙ חֹ֣רֶב בַּסַּ֔ף כִּ֥י אַרְזָ֖ה עֵרָֽה׃
17 of the 20 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[ורבצו] בתוכ׳ה [עדרים] [כל] [חית׳ו] [גוי] [גם] [קאת] [גם] [קפד] בכפתורי׳ה ילינו [קול] [ישורר] [בחלון] [חרב] [בסף] [כי] ארזה ערה
4 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 15 supplied entire by an editor.
[ורבצו] [בתוכ׳ה] עדרים כל חית׳ו גוי [גם] [קאת] [גם] [קפד] [בכפתרי׳ה] [ילינו] [קול] [ישורר] בחלון חרב בסף כי ארזה ערה
8 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 10 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Zephaniah 2:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רָבַץ (rabats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to stretch out or lie down. It encompasses actions like reclining, brooding, or lurking, and can imply causing something to lie down as well. The entries indicate its use in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil, but do not provide specific verse references.
רָבַץ vb. stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out
Qal lie down, lie
Hiph. cause to lie down, or lie
base
H7257 רָבַץ stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out
7257 rabats raw-bats'
a primitive root; to crouch (on all four legs folded, like a
recumbent animal); be implication, to recline, repose, brood,
lurk, imbed:--crouch (down), fall down, make a fold, lay,
(cause to, make to) lie (down), make to rest, sit.
רָבַץ (ra.vats) — to stretch.
1) to stretch oneself out, lie down, lie stretched out
1a) (Qal) to lie down, lie
1b)(Hiphil) to cause to lie down
1b1) laying (stones)
Conj | V-Qal-3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/Vqq3cp
תָּ֫וֶךְ (tavek) means 'midst' or 'middle,' indicating a central position or location. It can also imply being 'among' or 'between' things, particularly in contexts involving separation or division. The term appears in various forms, such as 'into' or 'through,' especially after verbs of motion.
תָּ֫וֶךְ 416 subst. midst
base
H8432 תָּ֫וֶךְ subst. midst
8432 tavek taw'-vek
from an unused root meaning to sever; a bisection, i.e. (by
implication) the centre:--among(-st), X between, half, X
(there- ,where-), in(-to), middle, mid(-night), midst (among),
X out (of), X through, X with(-in).
תָּ֫וֶךְ (ta.vekh) — midst.
1) midst, middle
1a) midst, middle
1b) into, through (after verbs of motion)
1c) among (of a number of persons)
1d) between (of things arranged by twos)
1e) from among (as to take or separate etc)
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp3fs
עֵ֫דֶר (eder) refers to a flock or herd of animals. It is derived from a root meaning to arrange or muster, indicating a gathering of livestock. The term encompasses both flocks and herds, highlighting its use in contexts related to groups of animals.
עֵ֫דֶר n.m. flock, herd
base
H5739 עֵ֫דֶר flock, herd
5739 `eder ay'-der
from 5737; an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals):--drove,
flock, herd.
see HEBREW for 05737
עֵ֫דֶר (e.der) — flock.
1) flock, herd
1a) flock
1b) herds, flocks and herds
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
The Hebrew word חַי (*chay*) means 'alive' or 'living' and covers a range of meanings related to life, including living beings, vitality, and freshness. It can refer to God, animals, vegetation, and even concepts like appetite and community. Variants include חַיָּה (*chayyah*), meaning 'living thing' or 'animal,' and חַיִּים (*chayim*), which emphasizes life and sustenance.
חַי adj. alive, living
of God, as the living one, the fountain of life
of man
of animals, alive, living
animals and man
(dub.) of vegetation, as thorns, green
of water, fresh
(dub.) lively, active
reviving
base
[חַי] n.[m.] kinsfolk, pl. sf. 1 S 18:18
ref
חַיָּה n.f. living thing, animal
animal
in general
wild animals, on account of their vital energy and activity
living beings, of the cherubic chariot
life, only in late poetry
appetite, activity of hunger
revival, renewal
base
חַיָּה n.f. community
base
חַיִּים n.m. pl. abstr. emph. life
life: physical
life: as welfare and happiness in king's presence
sustenance, maintenance
base
H2416a חַי alive, living . . of God, as the living one, the fountain of life
. of man
. of animals, alive, living
. animals and man
. (dub.) of vegetation, as thorns, green
. of water, fresh
. (dub.) lively, active
. reviving
H2416b חַי kinsfolk H2416c חַיָּה living thing, animal . animal . in general
. wild animals, on account of their vital energy and activity
. living beings, of the cherubic chariot
. life, only in late poetry
. appetite, activity of hunger
. revival, renewal
H2416d חַיָּה community H2416e חַיִּים pl. abstr. emph. life . life: physical
. life: as welfare and happiness in king's presence
. sustenance, maintenance
2416 chay khah'-ee
from 2421; alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water,
year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine
singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing), whether
literally or figuratively:--+ age, alive, appetite, (wild)
beast, company, congregation, life(-time), live(-ly), living
(creature, thing), maintenance, + merry, multitude, + (be)
old, quick, raw, running, springing, troop.
see HEBREW for 02421
חַי (chay) — alive.
adj
1) living, alive
1a) green (of vegetation)
1b) flowing, fresh (of water)
1c) lively, active (of man)
1d) reviving (of the springtime)
Aramaic equivalent: chay (חַי "living" H2417)
חַי (chay) — kinsfolk.
kinsfolk
חַיָּה (chay.yah) — living thing.
1) living thing, animal
1a) animal
1b) life
1c) appetite
1d) revival, renewal
Aramaic equivalent: che.va (חֵיוָא "beast" H2423)
חַיָּה (chay.yah) — community.
community
חַיִּים (chay.yim) — life.
1) life (abstract emphatic)
1a) life
1b) sustenance, maintenance
N-fs | Suff — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
גּוֹי (goy) refers to a nation or people, often indicating non-Hebrew groups, but can also encompass descendants of Abraham and Israel. It may figuratively describe a swarm of locusts or animals. The plural form, גּוֹיִם (goyim), is noted as a proper noun referring to the people of Goim, specifically mentioned in Genesis 14:1.
גּוֹי 661 n.m. nation, people
base
גּוֹיִם n.pr.gent. Tid‛al king of Goim
base
H1471a גּוֹי nation, people H1471b גּוֹיִם n. pr. gent. Tid‛al king of Goim
1471 gowy go'-ee
rarely (shortened) goy {go'-ee}; apparently from the same
root as 1465 (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation;
hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a
flight of locusts:--Gentile, heathen, nation, people.
see HEBREW for 01465
גּוֹי (goy) — nation.
1) nation, people
1a) nation, people
1a1) usually of non-Hebrew people
1a2) of descendants of Abraham
1a3) of Israel
1b) of swarm of locusts, other animals (fig.)
גּוֹיִם (go.yim) — Goiim.
People descended from Goy(?), first mentioned at Gen.14.1
§ Goyim (Tidgal, king of)
גּוֹי (goy) — Gentile.
1) nation, people
1a) nation, people
1a1) usually of non-Hebrew people
1a2) of descendants of Abraham
1a3) of Israel
1b) of swarm of locusts, other animals (fig.)
1c) Goyim? = "nations"
Also named: ethnos (ἔθνος "Gentiles" G1484)
גּוֹי (goy) — (Harosheth)-hagoyim.
Goyim (Tidgal, king of)
Combined with cha.ro.shet (חֲרֹ֫שֶׁת "Harosheth" H2800)
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
גַּם (gam) is an adverb meaning 'also' or 'moreover,' indicating addition or emphasis. It can express various nuances, such as 'even,' 'indeed,' or 'but.' The term is often used in a correlational manner, as in 'both...and.' It appears in contexts that require clarification or reinforcement of a statement.
גַּם 768 adv. denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
base
H1571 גַּם denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
1571 gam gam
by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather;
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea,
though; often repeated as correl. both...and:--again, alike,
also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and , but, either...or,
even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover,
nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.
גַּם (gam) — also.
1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea
1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis)
1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative)
1c) even (for stress)
1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax)
1e) also (of correspondence or retribution)
1f) but, yet, though (adversative)
1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case)
2) (TWOT) again, alike
DirObjM — AdverbHD
קָאַת (qa'ath) refers to a bird, commonly identified as a pelican, though some sources suggest it may also refer to a cormorant or an extinct bird. The term is considered ceremonially unclean, with its precise meaning remaining uncertain.
קָאַת, קָאָת n.[f.] a bird, usu. pelican
base
H6893 קָאַת, קָאָת a bird, usu. pelican
6893 qa'ath kaw-ath'
from 6958; probably the pelican (from vomiting):--cormorant.
see HEBREW for 06958
קָאַת (qa.at) — pelican.
1) a ceremonially unclean bird
1a) perhaps pelican or cormorant
1b) perhaps an extinct bird, exact meaning unknown
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
oul (bath ha-ya`anah; Latin Ulula): The name of every nocturnal bird of prey of the Natural Order Striges. These birds range from the great horned owl of 2 feet in length, through many subdivisions to the little screech-owl of 5 inches. All are characterized by very large heads, many have ear tufts, all have large eyes surrounded by a disk of tiny, stiff, radiating feathers. The remainder of the plumage has no aftershaft. So these birds make the softest flight of any creature traveling on wing. A volume could be written on the eye of the owl, perhaps its most wonderful feature being in the power of the bird to enlarge the iris if it wishes more distinct vision. There is material for another on the prominent and peculiar auditory parts. With almost all owls the feet are so arranged that two toes can be turned forward and two back, thus reinforcing the grip of the bird by an extra toe and…
Owl
(1.) Heb. bath-haya’anah, “daughter of greediness” or of “shouting.” In the list of unclean birds (Lev. 11:16; Deut. 14:15); also mentioned in Job 30:29; Isa. 13:21; 34:13; 43:20; Jer. 50:39; Micah 1:8. In all these passages the Revised Version translates “ostrich” (q.v.), which is the correct rendering.
(2.) Heb. yanshuph, rendered “great owl” in Lev. 11:17; Deut. 14:16, and “owl” in Isa.…
A number of species of the owl are mentioned in the Bible, (Leviticus 11:17; 14:16; Isaiah 14:23; 34:15; Zephaniah 2:14) and in several other places the same Hebrew word is used where it is translated ostrich. (Job 30:29; Jeremiah 50:39) Some of these species were common in Palestine, and, as is well known, were often found inhabiting ruins. (Isaiah 34:11,13-15)
A night bird of prey, unfit for food. Several species are found in Palestine, and are mentioned in the Bible; as in Le 11:17 De 14:16 Isa 14:23 34:15 Zep 2:14. One of the words, however, translated "owl," probably means "OSTRICH," (which see;) and another, Le 11:17 De 14:16 Isa 34:11, the ibis or night heron.
גַּם (gam) is an adverb meaning 'also' or 'moreover,' indicating addition or emphasis. It can express various nuances, such as 'even,' 'indeed,' or 'but.' The term is often used in a correlational manner, as in 'both...and.' It appears in contexts that require clarification or reinforcement of a statement.
גַּם 768 adv. denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
base
H1571 גַּם denoting addition, also, moreover, yea
1571 gam gam
by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather;
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea,
though; often repeated as correl. both...and:--again, alike,
also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and , but, either...or,
even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover,
nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.
גַּם (gam) — also.
1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea
1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis)
1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative)
1c) even (for stress)
1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax)
1e) also (of correspondence or retribution)
1f) but, yet, though (adversative)
1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case)
2) (TWOT) again, alike
DirObjM — AdverbHD
az: Conj. and adverb (usually Greek hos hosper, kathos), designating:
(1) Likeness: (a) between nouns (Ge 3:5; Jud 6:5; Php 2:8; Heb 11:27,29); (b) between verbs (Lu 6:36; Joh 5:30; 1Co 10:7); (c) between adjectives (1Co 15:48).
(2) Limitation (with respect to a particular aspect or relation) (1Pe 4:15,16).
קִפֹּד (qippod) refers to a porcupine or hedgehog, described as a shrinking animal that rolls itself together. The term may also relate to a bird species, possibly the bittern, according to Strong's. The word is derived from a root meaning to roll up, indicating its defensive behavior.
קִפֹּד n.[m.] porcupine (fr. rolling itself together)
base
H7090 קִפֹּד porcupine (fr. rolling itself together)
7090 qippowd kip-pode'
or qippod {kip-pode'}; from 7088; a species of bird, perhaps
the bittern (from its contracted form):--bittern.
see HEBREW for 07088
קִפֹּד (qip.pod) — porcupine.
1) porcupine, hedgehog
1a) a shrinking animal
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
כַּפְתּוֹר (kaphtor) refers to architectural elements, specifically a capital, which is the top part of a column, as well as a knob or bulb-like ornament. The word likely derives from a root meaning to encircle, and is used in contexts related to design and decoration, such as in the construction of a candelabrum.
כַּפְתּוֹר, כַּפְתֹּר n.m. 1. capital. 2. knob, bulb
base
H3730 כַּפְתּוֹר, כַּפְתֹּר 1. capital. 2. knob, bulb
3730 kaphtor kaf-tore'
or (Am. 9:1) kaphtowr {kaf-tore'}; probably from an unused
root meaning to encircle; a chaplet; but used only in an
architectonic sense, i.e. the capital of a column, or a
wreath-like button or disk on the candelabrum: knop, (upper)
lintel.
כַּפְתּוֹר (kaph.tor) — capital.
1) bulb, knob, capital, capital of a pillar
1a) knob, bulb (as ornament)
1b) capital (of a pillar)
Prep | N-mp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp3fs
לוּן (luwn) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lodge or pass the night, and it can also imply abiding or remaining. It has a negative connotation when referring to murmuring or complaining. The word can be used in various forms, including Qal, Hiphil, and Hithpalpel, indicating different nuances of lodging and grumbling.
לוּן, לִין vb. lodge, pass the night, fig. abide
Qal
lodge, pass the night
fig. abide, remain
Hiph. cause to rest, lodge
Hithpalp. dwell, abide, of eagle
base
[לוּן] vb. murmur
Niph. murmur against
Hiph. murmur; cause to murmur
base
H3885a לוּן, לִין lodge, pass the night, fig. abide H3885b לוּן murmur
3885 luwn loon
or liyn {leen}; a primitive root; to stop (usually over
night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad
sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to
complain):--abide (all night), continue, dwell, endure,
grudge, be left, lie all night, (cause to) lodge (all night,
in, -ing, this night), (make to) murmur, remain, tarry (all
night, that night).
לוּן (lun) — to lodge.
1) to lodge, stop over, pass the night, abide
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lodge, pass the night
1a2) to abide, remain (fig.)
1b) (Hiphil) to cause to rest, lodge
1c) (Hithpalpel) to dwell, abide
לוּן (lun) — to grumble.
1) to grumble, complain, murmur
1a) (Niphal) to grumble, murmur
1b) (Hiphil) to complain, cause to grumble
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
nit.
See DAY AND NIGHT for the natural usage and the various terms.
1. In the Old Testament:
Figurative uses: The word "night" (laylah or layil is sometimes used figuratively in the Old Testament. Thus, Moses compares the brevity of time, the lapse of a thousand years, to "a watch in the night" (Ps 90:4). Adversity is depicted by it in such places as Job 35:10; compare Isa 8:20; Jer 15:9. Disappointment and despair are apparently depicted by it in the "burden of Dumah" (Isa 21:11,12); and spiritual blindness, coming upon the false prophets (Mic 3:6); again sudden and…
[DAY]
The ancient Hebrews began their artificial day at evening, and ended it the next evening, so that the night proceeded the day. This usage may probably be traced to the terms employed in describing the creation, Ge 1:5,8,13, etc., "The evening and the morning were the first day." The Hebrews allowed twelve to the day; but these hours were not equal, except at the equinox. At other times, when the hours of the night were long, those of the day were short, as in winter; and when the hours of night were short, as at midsummer, the hours of the day were long in proportion. See HOURS.
The nights are sometimes extremely cold in Syria, when the days are very hot; and travelers in the deserts and among the mountains near Palestine refer to their own sufferings from these opposite extremes, in illustration of Jacob’s words in
קוֹל (qol) primarily means 'voice' or 'sound,' encompassing various contexts such as music, noise, and even thunder. It can also denote lightness or frivolity. The word is built from a root meaning to call aloud and appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament, including a reference in Jeremiah 3:9.
ref
H6963a קוֹל sound, voice H6963b קֹל lightness, frivolity
6963 qowl kole
or qol {kole}; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a
voice or sound:--+ aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+ out),
fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, (pro-)claim,
proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder(-ing), voice, +
yell.
קוֹל (qol) — voice.
: voice/shout/loud
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קֹל (qol) — frivolity.
lightness, frivolity
קוֹל (qol) — voice: sound.
: sound/noise
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: thunder.
: thunder
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: message.
: message/proclaim
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: [sound of].
: [sound_of](THING)
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: listen.
: listen
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
sound: In Isa 63:15 the King James Version has "the sounding of thy bowels," a painfully literal translation of hamon me'eykha, with the similar phrase, "my bowels shall sound like an harp," in Isa 16:11 (compare Jer 48:36). The intestines were considered a seat of emotion, and at times of great excitement were thought (in poetry, at least) to become tense and to give forth a musical sound. The Revised Version (British and American) (following the King James Version in Jer 48:36) substitutes "heart" for "bowels" in Isa 16:11, thus obscuring the figure but preserving the sense. In
שִׁיר (shiyr) means 'to sing' and is a denominative verb derived from a primitive root. It covers various forms of singing, including participles for singers and songstresses. The entries indicate its use in different verbal stems, such as Qal and Polel, and note its appearance in contexts like 1 Samuel 18:6.
[שִׁיר] 86 vb. sing (denom.)
Qal 49 sing
Pō‛l. 36 sing
Hoph. be sung
base
H7891 שִׁיר sing (denom.)
7891 shiyr sheer
or (the original form) shuwr (1 Sam. 18:6) {shoor}; a
primitive root (identical with 7788 through the idea of
strolling minstrelsy); to sing:--behold (by mistake for
7789), sing(-er, -ing man, - ing woman).
see HEBREW for 07788
see HEBREW for 07789
שִׁיר (shir) — to sing.
1) to sing
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sing
1a2) singer, songstresses (participle)
1b) (Polel)
1b1) to sing
1b2) singer, songstress (participle)
1c) (Hophal) to be sung
V-o-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Piel · imperfect third person masculine singularHVpi3ms
חַלּוֹן (challown) means 'window' in Hebrew, referring to an opening or perforation in a wall. The term is noted as both masculine and feminine in gender. It emphasizes the concept of a window as a means of light and air entering a space.
חַלּוֹן n.m. and f. window
base
H2474 חַלּוֹן window
2474 challown khal-lone'
a window (as perforated):--window.
חַלּוֹן (chal.lon) — window.
window (piercing of the wall)
Prep | N-cs — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
win'-do.
See HOUSE, II, 1, (9).
Window
Properly only an opening in a house for the admission of light and air, covered with lattice-work, which might be opened or closed (2 Kings 1:2; Acts 20:9). The spies in Jericho and Paul at Damascus were let down from the windows of houses abutting on the town wall (Josh. 2:15; 2 Cor. 11:33). The clouds are metaphorically called the “windows of heaven” (Gen. 7:11; Mal. 3:10). The word thus rendered in Isa. 54:12 ought rather to be rendered “battlements” (LXX., “bulwarks;” R.V., “pinnacles”), or as Gesenius…
The window of an Oriental house consists generally of an aperture closed in with lattice-work. (Judges 5:28; Proverbs 7:6) Authorized Version "casement;" (Ecclesiastes 12:3) Authorized Version "window;" (Solomon 2:9; Hosea 13:3) Authorized Version "chimney." Glass has been introduced into Egypt in modern times as a protection against the cold of winter, but lattice-work is still the usual, and with the poor the only, contrivance for closing the window. The windows generally look into the inner court of the house, but in every house one or more look into the street. In Egypt these outer windows generally project over the doorway. [HOUSE]
→ General scriptures concerning Ge 6:16; 26:8; Jos 2:15,21; 1Ki 6:4; Eze 40:16-36; Ac 20:9
חֹ֫רֶב (choreb) refers to concepts of dryness and desolation, encompassing meanings such as drought, heat, and parching conditions. It is built from the idea of being dry or desolate, and can denote both physical and metaphorical states of barrenness. The entries consistently highlight these themes without significant disagreement.
חֹ֫רֶב n.m. dryness, drought, heat
dryness
drought
parching heat
base
חֹ֫רֶב n.[m.] desolation
base
H2721a חֹ֫רֶב dryness, drought, heat . dryness
. drought
. parching heat
H2721b חֹ֫רֶב desolation
2721 choreb kho'-reb
a collaterally form of 2719; drought or
desolation:--desolation, drought, dry, heat, X utterly, waste.
see HEBREW for 02719
חֹ֫רֶב (cho.rev) — drought.
1) dryness, drought, heat
1a) dryness
1b) drought
1c) parching heat
חֹ֫רֶב (cho.rev) — desolation.
desolation
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
סַף (saph) refers to both a basin or goblet and a threshold or sill. It is derived from a root meaning to contain, indicating its use for holding liquids or marking a boundary. The entries highlight its dual meanings, with Brown-Driver-Briggs and Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon both emphasizing its applications in physical structures and vessels.
סַף n.m. basin, goblet
base
סַף 24 n.m. threshhold, sill
base
H5592a סַף basin, goblet H5592b סַף threshhold, sill
5592 caph saf
from 5605, in its original sense of containing; a vestibule
(as a limit); also a dish (for holding blood or
wine):--bason, bowl, cup, door (post), gate, post, threshold.
see HEBREW for 05605
סַף (saph) — basin.
1) a spreading out, basin, goblet, bowl
1a) basin, goblet
סַף (saph) — threshold.
1) threshold, sill
1a) threshold, sill, door-keeper
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
thresh'-old.
See HOUSE, II, 1, (7).
Threshold
(1.) Heb. miphtan, probably a projecting beam at a higher point than the threshold proper (1 Sam. 5:4,5; Ezek. 9:3; 10:4,18; 46:2; 47:1); also rendered “door” and “door-post.”
(2.) ‘Asuppim, pl. (Neh. 12:25), rendered correctly “storehouses” in the Revised Version. In 1 Chr. 26:15, 17 the Authorized Version retains the word as a proper name, while in the Revised Version it is translated “storehouses.”
Of the two words so rendered is the Authorized Version, one,miphthan, ,seems to mean sometimes a projecting beam or corbel. (Ezekiel 9:3; 10:4,18)
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
אַרְזָה (arzah) refers to cedar, specifically in the context of cedar panels or work. It is a feminine noun derived from the root word for cedar, noted in Zephaniah 2:14. The entries consistently emphasize its association with cedar wood used in construction or decoration.
אַרְזָה n.f.coll. cedar-panels, cedar-work Zp 2:14.
done
H731 אַרְזָה
731 'arzah ar-zaw'
fem of 730; cedar wainscoating:--cedar work.
see HEBREW for 0730
אַרְזָה (ar.zah) — cedar.
cedar-panels, cedar-work
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
→ See INDUSTRY
→ See LABOR
עָרָה (arah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be naked or bare, and it encompasses a range of actions including uncovering, emptying, and pouring out. It appears in various forms, such as making oneself naked or laying bare by removing contents. Notably, it can also refer to sexual offenses. The word is used in contexts that suggest exposure or destitution.
[עָרָה] vb. be naked, bare
Pi.
lay bare
lay bare by removing contents, empty, water-jar
pour out
Hiph.
make naked, of sexual offences
pour out
Niph. until there be poured upon us a spirit from on high
Hithp.
thou shalt make thyself naked
usu. pouring himself, i.e. spreading himself out like a tree
base
H6168 עָרָה be naked, bare . . lay bare
. lay bare by removing contents, empty, water-jar
. pour out
. . make naked, of sexual offences
. pour out
. until there be poured upon us a spirit from on high
. . thou shalt make thyself naked
. usu. pouring himself, i.e. spreading himself out like a tree
6168 `arah aw-raw'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, make) bare; hence, to
empty, pour out, demolish:--leave destitute, discover, empty,
make naked, pour (out), rase, spread self, uncover.
עָרָה (a.rah) — to uncover.
1) to be bare, be nude, uncover, leave destitute, discover, empty, raze, pour out
1a) (Piel)
1a1) to bare, lay bare
1a2) to lay bare by emptying, empty
1a3) to pour out
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to make naked, strip bare (of sexual offences)
1b2) to pour out
1c) (Niphal) to be poured out, be exposed
1d) (Hithpael)
1d1) to expose oneself, make oneself naked
1d2) pouring oneself, spreading oneself (participle)
V-Piel-Perf-3ms — Verb · Piel · perfect third person masculine singularHVpp3ms
