Psalms 91:12 — Word Study
WLCעַל־ כַּפַּ֥יִם יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ פֶּן־ תִּגֹּ֖ף בָּאֶ֣בֶן רַגְלֶֽךָ׃
BSAThey will lift you upnâsâʼ▸ [bear, hold up] inʻal their handskaph [palms] so that you will notpên strikenâgaph▸ [dash, smite] your footregel [with the result of injury] against a stoneʼeben [rock, obstacle]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| כַּפַּ֥יִם | hands | Noun common, feminine dual absolute |
| יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ | they will lift up you | Verb qal imperfect third person masculine plural, suffix |
| פֶּן־ | lest | Particle |
| תִּגֹּ֖ף | you should strike | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| בָּאֶ֣בֶן | on stone | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| רַגְלֶֽךָ׃ | foot your | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | They will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone. |
| KJV | They shall bear thee up in their hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone. |
| ASV | They shall bear thee up in their hands, Lest thou dash thy foot against a stone. |
| YLT | On the hands they bear thee up, Lest thou smite against a stone thy foot. |
| WEB | They will bear you up in their hands, so that you won’t dash your foot against a stone. |
| BBE | In their hands they will keep you up, so that your foot may not be crushed against a stone. |
Where they part company is יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause with a purpose clause that indicates the reason for the action of lifting.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbפֶּן
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 91:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Assurance of God's Protectiongenerated
Psalm 91:12 assures believers that God's angels will support them, preventing harm from falling or stumbling. This verse is part of a broader message of safety and refuge found in the entire psalm, which highlights the protective nature of God over those who trust in Him.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 46:3 | “Listen to Me, O house of Jacob, all the remnant of the house of Israel, who have been sustained from the womb, carried along since birth. |
| 2 | Isaiah 63:9 | In all their distress, He too was afflicted, and the Angel of His Presence saved them. In His love and compassion He redeemed them; He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old. |
| 3 | Psalm 37:24 | Though he falls, he will not be overwhelmed, for the LORD is holding his hand. |
| 4 | Job 5:23 | For you will have a covenant with the stones of the field, and the wild animals will be at peace with you. |
| 5 | Proverbs 3:23 | Then you will go on your way in safety, and your foot will not stumble. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ, yi.sa.'U.ne.khagenerated
The verb נָשָׂא (*nasa'*) means to lift or carry, indicating support and protection. It is used in various contexts throughout the Bible, often referring to God lifting up His people or bearing their burdens.
In this verse, the construction indicates that the angels are actively lifting the person, emphasizing divine intervention and care. The use of the third person masculine plural form implies a collective action by the angels.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ governs the clause, indicating the action of lifting, while the prepositional phrase עַל־כַּפַּ֥יִם specifies how this lifting occurs — in their hands. The structure shows a clear relationship between the action and the means by which it is accomplished.
The clause concludes with a cautionary phrase introduced by פֶּן־, indicating the purpose of the lifting: to prevent striking one's foot against a stone.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint renders יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ as ξειρῶν (from cheir, meaning 'hands'), which emphasizes the protective role of angels in a more literal sense, focusing on the hands as instruments of support.
This choice narrows the focus to the physical act of lifting, aligning with the overall theme of divine assistance found in the psalm.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 91:12 tells us that God's angels will lift you up in their hands to protect you from harm, ensuring that you do not hurt your foot against a stone. This verse reassures believers of God's constant care and support.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies that God provides divine protection and support through His angels, ensuring safety from harm.
The warning emphasizes the potential dangers that exist, and God's promise is that He will prevent those dangers from causing injury.
Trusting in God's protection involves faith in His promises and a relationship with Him, as expressed throughout the Psalms.
Angels are depicted as God's messengers and protectors, actively involved in safeguarding believers from harm.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I need to trust in God's protection more fully?
- How can I recognize the ways God has lifted me up in times of trouble?
- What steps can I take to deepen my relationship with God and rely on His promises?
- How can I encourage others to trust in God's protection as this verse describes?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early Church Fathers often referenced this psalm to discuss God's protection and care. Quotations from Augustine of Hippo illustrate the theological implications of divine support.
Let us return to the words of the Psalm. "They shall bear You in their hands, lest at any time Thou hurt Your foot against a stone" [Psalms 91:12].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 91 →
Well, the Donatists are not false Christians. They are quite simply not Christians at all, since they listen to what the devil suggested and do not listen to the answer Christ gave him.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 91 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 91:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThey shall bear thee up in their hands,.... Which denotes the strength and power of angels to carry the saints in their hands; their tender care of them, such as a parent or nurse have of children;
Read John Gill on Psalms 91 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey shall bear thee up in their hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 91 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleShall bear thee up in their hands; sustain or uphold thee in thy goings, as we do a child or a weakly man, especially in uneven or dangerous paths. Or, shall carry thee aloft, as upon eagles’ wings, when it shall be needful for thee. Lest thou dash thy foot against a stone; so as to hurt thy foot, or to cause thee to fall.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 91 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 91:12 They shall bear thee up in [their] hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.Ver. 12. They shall bear thee up in their hands] Be sensible of the many good offices done us by the blessed angels, not once looking for our thanks.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 91 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(12) In their hands.—Literally, on, as a nurse a child. There is a Spanish proverb, expressive of great love and solicitude: “They carry him on the palms of their hands.”
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 91 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. They shall bear thee up in their hands] Take the same care of thee as a nurse does of a weak and tender child; lead thee,-teach thee to walk,-lift thee up out of the way of danger, "lest thou shouldst dash thy foot against a stone," receive any kind of injury, or be prevented from pursuing thy path with safety and comfort. Let us remember that it is GOD, whose these angels are; HE gives them charge-from HIM they receive their commission, - to HIM they are responsible for their charge. From God thou art to expect them; and for their help he alone is to receive the praise. It is expressly said, He shall give his angels charge; to show that they are not to be prayed to nor praised…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 91 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. Upon their hands shall they bear thee] Cp. the metaphor in Exodus 19:4. lest thou dash &c.] and stumble and fall. Cp. Proverbs 3:23.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 91 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThey shall bear thee up ... - As if they took hold of thee, and held thee up, when about to fall. Lest thou dash thy foot ... - Lest you should stumble and fall. They will protect you so that you may walk safely.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 91 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
They will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.
They will bear you up in their hands, so that you won’t dash your foot against a stone.
They will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.
They will lift you up in their hands, so you will not slip and fall on a stone.
Tyndale line
They shall bear thee up in their hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
They shall bear thee up in their hands, Lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
They shall bear thee up in their hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
They shall bear thee up in their hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
They shall beare thee in their handes, that thou hurt not thy foote against a stone.
Strictly literal
They shall bear thee up in [their] hands, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
On the hands they bear thee up, Lest thou smite against a stone thy foot.
On the hands they bear you up, || Lest you strike your foot against a stone.
Upon [their] hands shall they bear thee, that thou mayest not dash against a stone thy foot.
They will lift you up with their hand so that you will not hit your foot on a stone.
From the Latin
My eye also hath looked down upon my enemies: and my ear shall hear of the downfall of the malignant that rise up against me.
Simplified
They will hold you up with their hands so you won't trip and fall down.
In their hands they will keep you up, so that your foot may not be crushed against a stone.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in wording, with only minor variations in order and phrasing. The Dead Sea Scrolls also support the MT, with some restoration noted, confirming the essential message of divine protection.
עַל־ כַּפַּ֥יִם יִשָּׂא֑וּנְךָ פֶּן־ תִּגֹּ֖ף בָּאֶ֣בֶן רַגְלֶֽךָ׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
על כפים ישאו׳נ׳ך פן תגף באבן רגל׳ך
4 words on the leather — 3 partly restored.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 91:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
כַּף (kaph) refers to the hollow or flat part of the hand, including the palm and the sole of the foot. It can also denote power and is used to describe various hollow objects, such as bowls or handles. The word encompasses a range of meanings related to the shape and function of hands and feet, as well as items that are hand-shaped.
כַּף 192 n.f. hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, hand
base
H3709 כַּף hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, hand
3709 kaph kaf
from 3721; the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an
animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling,
the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-tree);
figuratively, power:--branch, + foot, hand((-ful), -dle,
(-led)), hollow, middle, palm, paw, power, sole, spoon.
see HEBREW for 03721
כַּף (kaph) — palm.
: palm/hand
1) palm, hand, sole, palm of the hand, hollow or flat of the hand
1a) palm, hollow or flat of the hand
1b) power
1c) sole (of the foot)
1d) hollow, objects, bending objects, bent objects
1d1) of thigh-joint
1d2) pan, vessel (as hollow)
1d3) hollow (of sling)
1d4) hand-shaped branches or fronds (of palm trees)
1d5) handles (as bent)
כַּף (kaph) — palm: sole.
: sole/paw
1) palm, hand, sole, palm of the hand, hollow or flat of the hand
1a) palm, hollow or flat of the hand
1b) power
1c) sole (of the foot)
1d) hollow, objects, bending objects, bent objects
1d1) of thigh-joint
1d2) pan, vessel (as hollow)
1d3) hollow (of sling)
1d4) hand-shaped branches or fronds (of palm trees)
1d5) handles (as bent)
כַּף (kaph) — palm: dish.
: dish/socket
1) palm, hand, sole, palm of the hand, hollow or flat of the hand
1a) palm, hollow or flat of the hand
1b) power
N-fd — Noun common · feminine dual absoluteHNcfda
The Hebrew word נָשָׂא (nasa') means to lift, carry, or take, encompassing a wide range of applications both literal and figurative. It can refer to actions like bearing burdens, taking away, or being exalted. The entries indicate various forms and uses, including the ability to lift oneself up or cause others to bear iniquity. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
נָשָׂא 656 vb. lift, carry, take
Qal
lift, lift up
Bear, carry
Take, take away
Niph.
be lifted up
refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment
be borne, carried
be taken away, carried off
Pi.
lift up = exalt
fig. = desire, long
carry, bear continuously
take, take away
Hithp. lift oneself up
Hiph.
cause one to bear iniquity
appar. cause to bring, have brought
base
H5375 נָשָׂא lift, carry, take .. lift, lift up
. Bear, carry
. Take, take away
. . be lifted up
. refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment
. be borne, carried
. be taken away, carried off
. . lift up = exalt
. fig. = desire, long
. carry, bear continuously
. take, take away
. lift oneself up
. . cause one to bear iniquity
. appar. cause to bring, have brought
5375 nasa' naw-saw'
or nacah (Psalm 4 : 6 (7)) {naw-saw'}; a primitive root; to
lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and
figurative, absol. and rel. (as follows):--accept, advance,
arise, (able to, (armor), suffer to) bear(-er, up), bring
(forth), burn, carry (away), cast, contain, desire, ease,
exact, exalt (self), extol, fetch, forgive, furnish, further,
give, go on, help, high, hold up, honorable (+ man), lade,
lay, lift (self) up, lofty, marry, magnify, X needs, obtain,
pardon, raise (up), receive, regard, respect, set (up), spare,
stir up, + swear, take (away, up), X utterly, wear, yield.
see HEBREW for 04
see HEBREW for 06
see HEBREW for 07
נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: raise.
: raise/take_up
1) to lift, bear up, carry, take
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lift, lift up
1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure
1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted
1b2) to lift oneself up, rise up
1b3) to be borne, be carried
1b4) to be taken away, be carried off, be swept away
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to lift up, exalt, support, aid, assist
1c2) to desire, long (fig.)
1c3) to carry, bear continuously
1c4) to take, take away
1d) (Hithpael) to lift oneself up, exalt oneself
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to cause one to bear (iniquity)
1e2) to cause to bring, have brought
נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: bear.
: look/lift(eyes)
1) to lift, bear up, carry, take
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lift, lift up
1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure
1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp | Suff | Suff — Verb qal imperfect third person masculine plural · suffixHVqi3mp/Sp2ms
פֶּן־ (pen) is a conjunction meaning 'lest' or 'not,' often used to express a warning or fear of a potential negative outcome. It is derived from a root meaning 'removal' and is typically found in constructions that indicate a precautionary context. The entries consistently emphasize its adverbial use in cautionary statements.
פֶּן־ 133 (alw. with Makkeph) conj. (adverting or deprecating), lest
with impf.
with Pf., the result feared being conceived as having possibly already taken place
base
H6435 פֶּן־ (alw. with Makkeph) (adverting or deprecating), lest . with impf.
. with Pf., the result feared being conceived as having possibly already taken place
6435 pen pane
from 6437; properly, removal; used only (in the construction)
adverb as conjunction, lest:--(lest) (peradventure),
that...not.
see HEBREW for 06437
פֶּן־ (pen) — lest.
conj
1) lest, not, beware lest
adv
2) lest
Conj — ParticleHTc
The Hebrew word נָגַף (nagaph) is a primitive root meaning to strike or smite. It covers various actions such as to push, defeat, or inflict harm, and can also refer to stumbling. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to strike), Niphal (to be stricken), and Hithpael (to stumble).
נָגַף vb. strike, smite
Qal strike, smite
Niph. be smitten
Hithp. = stumble
base
H5062 נָגַף
5062 nagaph naw-gaf'
a primitive root; to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe),
inflict (a disease):--beat, dash, hurt, plague, slay, smite
(down), strike, stumble, X surely, put to the worse.
נָגַף (na.gaph) — to strike.
1) to strike, smite
1a) (Qal) to strike, smite
1b) (Niphal) to be stricken, be smitten
1c) (Hithpael) to stumble
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
strik: The verbs "to strike" and "to stroke" (latter not in English Versions) have the same derivation, and originally "strike" was the intrans, "stroke" the transitive form. "Strike" however, became used in both senses (always transitive in English Versions of the Bible), while "to stroke" took on the meaning "to, rub gently." But in the King James Version this last force still belonged sometimes to "strike" and is so found in 2Ki 5:11, "strike his hand over the place" (the Revised Version (British and American) "wave"), and perhaps Ex 12:7,22; Tobit 11:11 Otherwise AV's uses of the simple "strike" are modern, including "strike sail" (Ac 27:17; here and in /RAPC Tob 11:11 with an archaic preterite "strake," elsewhere…
The Hebrew word אֶ֫בֶן (*eben*) means 'stone' and encompasses various types, including common stones, precious stones, and stones used as weights or tools. It can also refer to metaphorical uses, such as a hardened heart or sinking in water. The entries highlight its physical and symbolic significance, with no notable disagreements among lexicons.
אֶ֫בֶן 274 n.f. stone
in natural state
stone, as material
precious stone, gen. with modifying word
stone containing metal, = ore
a weight, as orig. stone
plummet
objects like stone
in sim. (mostly poet.) of sinking in water
In topogr. terms
base
H68 אֶ֫בֶן stone . in natural state
. stone, as material
. precious stone, gen. with modifying word
. stone containing metal, = ore
. a weight, as orig. stone
. plummet
. objects like stone
. in sim. (mostly poet.) of sinking in water
. In topogr. terms
68 'eben eh'-ben
from the root of 1129 through the meaning to build; a
stone:--+ carbuncle, + mason, + plummet, (chalk-, hail-,
head-, sling-)stone(-ny), (divers) weight(-s).
see HEBREW for 01129
אֶ֫בֶן (e.ven) — stone.
: stone
1) stone (large or small)
1a) common stone (in natural state)
1b) stone, as material
1b1) of tablets
1b2) marble, hewn stones
1c) precious stones, stones of fire
1d) stones containing metal (ore), tool for work or weapon
1e) weight
1f) plummet (stones of destruction) also made of metal
1g) stonelike objects, eg hailstones, stony heart, ice
1h) sacred object, as memorial Samuel set up to mark where God helped Israel to defeat the Philistines
1i) (simile)
1i1) sinking in water, motionlessness
1i2) strength, firmness, solidity
1i3) commonness
1j) (metaph)
1j1) petrified with terror
1j2) perverse, hard heart
אֶ֫בֶן (e.ven) — stone: weight.
: weight
1) stone (large or small)
1a) common stone (in natural state)
1b) stone, as material
1b1) of tablets
1b2) marble, hewn stones
1c) precious stones, stones of fire
1d) stones containing metal (ore), tool for work or weapon
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHRd/Ncfsa
Stone
Stones were commonly used for buildings, also as memorials of important events (Gen. 28:18; Josh. 24:26, 27; 1 Sam. 7:12, etc.). They were gathered out of cultivated fields (Isa. 5:2; comp. 2 Kings 3:19). This word is also used figuratively of believers (1 Pet. 2:4, 5), and of the Messiah (Ps. 118:22; Isa. 28:16; Matt. 21:42; Acts 4:11, etc.). In…
The allusion in Re 2:17 may be to the practice at the Olympic games of giving the successful competitor a white stone, inscribed with his name and the value of his prize; or to the mode of balloting with black and white stones on the question of the acquittal of an accused person, or his admission to certain privileges; if the stones deposited in the urn by the judges were all white, the decision was favorable. In early ages, flint-stone knives were in common use, instead of steel, Ex 4:25 Jos 5:2.
It was also customary to raise a heap or mound of stones in commemoration of any remarkable event, Ge 31:46 Jos 4:5-7 7:26 8:29…
רֶ֫גֶל (regel) means 'foot' and can refer to a foot or leg in various contexts, including anthropomorphic references to God and other beings. It also implies steps or paces. The word is derived from a root meaning related to walking, and it appears in multiple forms, such as feet and paces.
רֶ֫גֶל 247 n.f. foot
foot
three times (feet, paces)
base
H7272 רֶ֫גֶל foot . foot
. three times (feet, paces)
7272 regel reh'-gel
from 7270; a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a
step; by euphem. the pudenda:--X be able to endure, X
according as, X after, X coming, X follow,
((broken-))foot((-ed, -stool)), X great toe, X haunt, X
journey, leg, + piss, + possession, time.
see HEBREW for 07270
רֶ֫גֶל (re.gel) — foot.
1) foot
1a) foot, leg
1b) of God (anthropomorphic)
1c) of seraphim, cherubim, idols, animals, table
1d) according to the pace of (with prep)
1e) three times (feet, paces)
Aramaic equivalent: re.gal (רְגַל "foot" H7271)
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp2ms