Proverbs 21:30 — Word Study
WLCאֵ֣ין חָ֭כְמָה וְאֵ֣ין תְּבוּנָ֑ה וְאֵ֥ין עֵ֝צָ֗ה לְנֶ֣גֶד יְהוָֽה׃ פ
BSA[There is] noʼayin [absolute, divine] wisdomchokmâh [skill, prudence, or good judgment] noʼayin [complete, spiritual] understandingtâbûwn [insight, intelligence, or discernment] noʼayin [wise, thoughtful] counselʻêtsâh [advice, plan, or purpose] [that] can prevail againstneged [stand, succeed, or overcome, before, in the presence of] the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, the supreme God]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אֵ֣ין | there not | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| חָ֭כְמָה | [is] wisdom | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְאֵ֣ין | and there not | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| תְּבוּנָ֑ה | [is] understanding | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְאֵ֥ין | and there not | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| עֵ֝צָ֗ה | [is] counsel | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| לְנֶ֣גֶד | to before | Preposition |
| יְהוָֽה׃ פ | Yahweh | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | There is no wisdom, no understanding, no counsel that can prevail against the LORD. |
| KJV | There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD. |
| ASV | There is no wisdom nor understanding Nor counsel against Jehovah. |
| YLT | There is no wisdom, nor understanding, Nor counsel, over-against Jehovah. |
| WEB | There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against Yahweh. |
| BBE | Wisdom and knowledge and wise suggestions are of no use against the Lord. |
The translations agree on the meaning of the verse, emphasizing the futility of human wisdom against the LORD.
The verse is structured with a main clause followed by three predicates, culminating in a final clause that emphasizes the authority of the LORD.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectחׇכְמָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 21:30
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Contrast of Wisdom and the LORDgenerated
Proverbs 21:30 presents a stark declaration about the limitations of human wisdom, understanding, and counsel when faced with the authority of the LORD. This verse is situated within a series of contrasts in Proverbs, highlighting the futility of human efforts against divine will, as seen in the surrounding verses which discuss the outcomes of righteousness versus wickedness.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 19:21 | Many plans are in a man’s heart, but the purpose of the LORD will prevail. |
| 2 | Isaiah 7:5–7 | For Aram, along with Ephraim and the son of Remaliah, has plotted your ruin, saying: |
| 3 | Isaiah 8:9–10 | Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered! |
| 4 | Isaiah 14:27 | The LORD of Hosts has purposed, and who can thwart Him? His hand is outstretched, so who can turn it back? |
| 5 | Isaiah 46:10–11 | I declare the end from the beginning, and ancient times from what is still to come. I say, ‘My purpose will stand, and all My good pleasure I will accomplish.’ |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חָ֭כְמָה, chokh.mahgenerated
The word חָכְמָה (chokhmah) denotes wisdom, encompassing skill and prudence in various areas such as governance and moral decision-making. It is derived from the root חָכַם (chakam), which means to be wise or skillful. In this verse, it emphasizes the absence of true wisdom that can stand against the LORD.
Wisdom in this context is not merely intellectual knowledge but involves practical application and ethical discernment. The verse suggests that all human wisdom is ultimately inadequate in the face of divine authority.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree that there is no wisdom, understanding, or counsel that can prevail against the LORD.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse is built around the repeated phrase אֵ֣ין ('ein), meaning 'there is no,' which serves as the predicate for each type of wisdom or counsel mentioned. The finite verb is implied in the structure, creating a rhythm that underscores the total absence of these qualities.
The sentence is constructed with three main clauses, each stating the absence of a different quality: wisdom, understanding, and counsel, culminating in the prepositional phrase that indicates the context of their futility — לְנֶ֣גֶד (le'neghed), meaning 'against' or 'before' the LORD.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew word חָכְמָה is translated as σοφία (sophia), which also means wisdom but carries a broader philosophical connotation. This choice reflects a more general understanding of wisdom in the Greek context.
The Septuagint's translation aligns closely with the Hebrew text, maintaining the emphasis on the inadequacy of human wisdom in the presence of divine authority.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 21:30 tells us that there is no wisdom, understanding, or counsel that can succeed against the LORD. This verse emphasizes that human efforts and plans are ultimately futile when faced with God's authority.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It teaches that human wisdom is insufficient and cannot prevail against the authority of the LORD.
It reinforces the theme that true wisdom comes from God and that human understanding is limited.
Counsel that goes against God's will or wisdom, such as deceitful advice or plans that disregard divine principles.
Recognizing these limitations encourages reliance on God's wisdom and guidance in decision-making.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I need to seek God's wisdom rather than relying on my own understanding?
- How can I discern between wise counsel and advice that may lead me astray?
- What are some ways I have seen God's authority prevail over human plans?
- How can I cultivate a deeper understanding of God's wisdom in my daily decisions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The verse has been commented on by early church fathers, such as Bede, who emphasized the futility of human wisdom against divine counsel.
There is no wisdom, no prudence, etc. Whatever the heretics counsel and think is nothing, and vain and useless.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 21 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 21:30 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible[There is] no wisdom nor understanding, nor counsel against the Lord.
Read John Gill on Proverbs 21 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThere is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD. (Isaiah 7:9-10; Acts 5:39; cf. the issue of Ahithophel's wise counsel, 2 Samuel 16:23; 2 Samuel 17:1-14; 2 Samuel 17:23.)
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 21 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleWhich can prevail against the counsel and will of God.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 21 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 21:30 [There is] no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD.Ver. 30. There is no wisdom against the Lord.] That is, they are all to no purpose. If God deny concourse, and influence, the arm of human power and policy, as Jeroboam’ s, shrinks up presently. Excellently Gregory - Divinum consilium dum devitatur impletur; humana sapientia dum reluctatur, comprehenditur. God’ s decree is fulfilled by those that have least mind to it. Human wisdom, while it strives for masteries, is overmastered.
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 21 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(30) There is no wisdom . . . against the Lord—Comp. 1 Corinthians 3:19; Isaiah 54:17; Psalms 2:4.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 21 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges30. Even more forcible is the Hebrew: There is no wisdom and there is no understanding and there is no counsel against Jehovah.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 21 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleTwo companion proverbs. Nothing avails against, nothing without, God. The horse is the type of warlike strength, used chiefly or exclusively in battle.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 21 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible30. There is no wisdom, etc. — The proverb is understood to teach that it is vain to hope for success in any enterprise, however well planned and well fortified by counsel, if its accomplishment is
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Proverbs 21 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
There is no wisdom, no understanding, no counsel that can prevail against the LORD.
There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against Yahweh.
There is no wisdom, no understanding, no counsel that can prevail against the LORD.
There is no wisdom and there is no understanding, and there is no counsel against the Lord.
Tyndale line
There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD.
There is no wisdom nor understanding Nor counsel against Jehovah.
There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD.
There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the LORD.
There is no wisedome, neither vnderstanding, nor counsell against the Lord.
Strictly literal
There is no wisdom, nor understanding, nor counsel against Jehovah.
There is no wisdom, nor understanding, Nor counsel, over-against Jehovah.
There is no wisdom, nor understanding, || Nor counsel against YHWH.
There is no wisdom nor understanding nor counsel against the Lord.
There is no wisdom, there is no understanding, and there is no advice that can stand against Yahweh.
From the Latin
There is no wisdom, there is no prudence, there is no counsel against the Lord.
Simplified
Whatever wisdom, understanding, or guidance you may have is nothing before the Lord.
Wisdom and knowledge and wise suggestions are of no use against the Lord.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with seven of the eight words matched. This consistency highlights the enduring message that human wisdom is powerless against the divine will of the LORD.
אֵ֣ין חָ֭כְמָה וְאֵ֣ין תְּבוּנָ֑ה וְאֵ֥ין עֵ֝צָ֗ה לְנֶ֣גֶד יְהוָֽה׃ פ
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 21:30
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.
אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought
to nothing, as nothing
cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
in circumst. clauses
with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
with prefixes
base
H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing
. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
. in circumst. clauses
. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
. with prefixes
369 'ayin ah'-yin
as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not
exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative
particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,
in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,
thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),
well-nigh, without. Compare 370.
see HEBREW for 0370
אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.
1) nothing, not, nought n
1a) nothing, nought neg
1b) not
1c) to have not (of possession) adv
1d) without w/prep
1e) for lack of
Part — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
חָכְמָה (chokmah) means wisdom and encompasses various forms of skill, including in war and administration, as well as shrewdness and ethical prudence. It is built from the root word for wisdom, חָכַם (chakam). The term appears in contexts related to both practical and religious matters.
חָכְמָה n.f. wisdom
skill in war
wisdom, in administration
shrewdness, wisdom
wisdom, prudence in religious affairs
wisdom, ethical and religious
base
H2451 חָכְמָה wisdom . skill in war
. wisdom, in administration
. shrewdness, wisdom
. wisdom, prudence in religious affairs
. wisdom, ethical and religious
2451 chokmah khok-maw'
from 2449; wisdom (in a good sense):--skilful, wisdom,
wisely, wit.
see HEBREW for 02449
חׇכְמָה (chokh.mah) — wisdom.
1) wisdom
1a) skill (in war)
1b) wisdom (in administration)
1c) shrewdness, wisdom
1d) wisdom, prudence (in religious affairs)
1e) wisdom (ethical and religious)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
wiz'-dum:
1. Linguistic
2. History
3. Religious Basis
4. Ideals
5. Teaching of Christ
6. Remainder of the New Testament
(1) James
(2) Paul
7. Hypostasis
LITERATURE
1. Linguistic:
In the Revised Version (British and American) the noun "wisdom" and its corresponding adjective and verb ("be wise," "act wisely," etc.) represent a variety of Hebrew words: bin (binah, and in the English Revised Version tebunah), sakhal (sekhel, sekhel), lebh (and in the English Revised Version labhabh), tushiyah (and in the English Revised Version Te`em, `ormah, piqqach. None of these, however, is of very frequent occurrence and by far the most common group is the verb chakham, with the adjective chakham, and the nouns chokhmah, chokhmoth, with something over 300 occurrences in the Old Testament (of which rather more than half are in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes). Cokhmah, accordingly, may be treated as the Hebrew…
אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.
אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought
to nothing, as nothing
cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
in circumst. clauses
with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
with prefixes
base
H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing
. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
. in circumst. clauses
. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
. with prefixes
369 'ayin ah'-yin
as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not
exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative
particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,
in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,
thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),
well-nigh, without. Compare 370.
see HEBREW for 0370
אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.
1) nothing, not, nought n
1a) nothing, nought neg
1b) not
1c) to have not (of possession) adv
1d) without w/prep
1e) for lack of
Conj | Part — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
תְּבוּנָה (tebunah) means understanding and encompasses intelligence, skill, and insight. It can refer to both the act of understanding and the faculty itself, as well as the object of knowledge. The term is personified as a teacher in some contexts.
תְּבוּנָה n.f. understanding
the act
the faculty
the object of knowledge
personified as teacher.
base
H8394 תְּבוּנָה understanding
8394 tabuwn taw-boon'
and (feminine) tbuwnah {teb-oo-naw'}; or towbunah
{to-boo-naw'}; from 995; intelligence; by implication, an
argument; by extension, caprice:--discretion, reason,
skilfulness, understanding, wisdom.
see HEBREW for 0995
תְּבוּנָה (ta.vu.nah) — understanding.
1) understanding, intelligence
1a) the act of understanding
1a1) skill
1b) the faculty of understanding
1b1) intelligence, understanding, insight
1c) the object of knowledge
1d) teacher (personification)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.
אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought
to nothing, as nothing
cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
in circumst. clauses
with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
with prefixes
base
H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing
. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not
. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not
. in circumst. clauses
. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …
. with prefixes
369 'ayin ah'-yin
as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not
exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative
particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,
in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,
thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),
well-nigh, without. Compare 370.
see HEBREW for 0370
אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.
1) nothing, not, nought n
1a) nothing, nought neg
1b) not
1c) to have not (of possession) adv
1d) without w/prep
1e) for lack of
Conj | Part — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
עֵצָה (`etsah) refers to counsel or advice, and can also imply a plan or purpose. It is derived from a root meaning to advise or provide guidance. The entries consistently emphasize its use in contexts related to providing counsel or making decisions.
עֵצָה n.f. counsel, advice
base
H6098 עֵצָה counsel, advice
6098 `etsah ay-tsaw'
from 3289; advice; by implication, plan; also
prudence:--advice, advisement, counsel(l-(or)), purpose.
see HEBREW for 03289
עֵצָה (e.tsah) — counsel.
counsel, advice, purpose
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
→ General scriptures concerning Pr 1:5; 9:9; 11:14; 12:15; 15:22; 19:20; 20:18; 24:6; 27:9
→ See PRUDENCE
→ REJECTED Pr 1:24-33
(1) The importance of Seeking
Pr 11:14; 12:15; 13:10; 15:22; 20:18
--SEE Instruction (1), INSTRUCTION
Guidance, (3), GUIDANCE
Counsellors, COUNSELLORS
(2) Wise, Examples of
נֶ֫גֶד (neged) refers to something that is conspicuous or in front, functioning as both a noun and an adverb. It denotes a position opposite or before someone, often used to indicate presence or visibility. The word can imply a counterpart or mate, and it appears in contexts emphasizing sight or proximity.
נֶ֫גֶד 151 subst. what is conspicuous or in front, always as adv. or prep. in front of, in sight of, opposite to
base
H5048 נֶ֫גֶד subst. what is conspicuous or in front, always as adv. or prep. in front of, in sight of, opposite to
5048 neged neh'-ghed
from 5046; a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a
counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with
preposition) over against or before:--about, (over) against,
X aloof, X far (off), X from, over, presence, X other side,
sight, X to view.
see HEBREW for 05046
נֶ֫גֶד (ne.ged) — before.
subst
1) what is conspicuous, what is in front of
adv
2) in front of, straight forward, before, in sight of
3) in front of oneself, straightforward
4) before your face, in your view or purpose
with prep
5) what is in front of, corresponding to
6) in front of, before
7) in the sight or presence of
8) parallel to
9) over, for
10) in front, opposite
11) at a distance
prep
12) from the front of, away from
13) from before the eyes of, opposite to, at a distance from
14) from before, in front of
15) as far as the front of
Aramaic equivalent: ne.ged (נֶ֫גֶד "before" H5049)
Prep | Prep — PrepositionHR/Acmsc
be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
N-proper — Noun properHNpt