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Isaiah 8:9 — Word Study

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WLCרֹ֤עוּ עַמִּים֙ וָחֹ֔תּוּ וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ כֹּ֖ל מֶרְחַקֵּי־ אָ֑רֶץ הִתְאַזְּר֣וּ וָחֹ֔תּוּ הִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּ וָחֹֽתּוּ׃

BSAHuddle togetherrâʻaʻ [associate yourselves, make an uproar] O peoplesʻam [nations, Amaw] and be shatteredchâthath [broken in pieces, utterly destroyed] pay attentionʼâzan [give ear, listen] allkôl you distantmerchâq landsʼerets [far countries] prepare for battleʼâzar [gird yourselves, dress for battle] and be shatteredchâthath [broken, dismayed] prepare for battleʼâzar [gird yourselves] and be shatteredchâthath [broken, crushed]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 8
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 9 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (va.Cho.tu) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 8:9quick helps
In a sentenceThe prophet Isaiah calls the nations to gather and prepare for impending destruction.
Who is speakingIsaiah, addressing the peoples and distant lands.
Where we areA prophetic warning to the nations, urging them to heed the message.
The hard wordחָתַת
Take awayThe call to action is urgent; the consequences of inaction are dire.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbרָעַע The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 8:9

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Prophecy Against the Nationsgenerated

8It will pour into Judah, swirling and sweeping over it, reaching up to the neck; its spreading streams will cover your entire land, O Immanuel!
9Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered!
10Devise a plan, but it will be thwarted; state a proposal, but it will not happen. For God is with us. ”
11For this is what the LORD has spoken to me with a strong hand, instructing me not to walk in the way of this people:

Isaiah 8:9 presents a stark warning to the nations, emphasizing the futility of opposing God's will. The verse serves as a call to unity among the peoples, urging them to recognize the impending judgment and prepare themselves for the consequences of their actions. This passage reflects a broader theme found throughout Isaiah, where the prophet often addresses both Israel and surrounding nations regarding their moral and spiritual state, as seen in Isaiah 7:1-2 and Isaiah 54:15.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Isaiah 7:1–2Now in the days that Ahaz son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah, was king of Judah, Rezin king of Aram marched up to wage war against Jerusalem. He was accompanied by Pekah son of Remaliah the king of Israel, but he could not overpower the city.
2Isaiah 54:15If anyone attacks you, it is not from Me; whoever assails you will fall before you.
3Jeremiah 46:9–11Advance, O horses! Race furiously, O chariots! Let the warriors come forth— Cush and Put carrying their shields, men of Lydia drawing the bow.
4Ezekiel 38:9–23You and all your troops, and many peoples with you will go up, advancing like a thunderstorm; you will be like a cloud covering the land.
5Joel 3:9–14Proclaim this among the nations: “Prepare for war; rouse the mighty men; let all the men of war advance and attack!

The Key Word חָתַת, va.Cho.tugenerated

The verb חָתַת (cha.tat) is a Qal imperative that conveys the sense of being shattered or broken, either in a physical or emotional sense. It implies a state of dismay or terror, indicating the severity of the situation the nations are facing.

This word is often used in contexts where fear or destruction is imminent, highlighting the urgency of the prophet's message. The parsing as an imperative indicates that this is a command directed at the peoples, emphasizing their need to respond to the warning.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of multiple clauses, with several imperative verbs commanding the nations. The main action revolves around the verbs רֹ֤עוּ (Ro.'u) and חֹ֔תּוּ (va.Cho.tu), both of which call for the peoples to gather and prepare for battle.

The structure reflects a rhythmic urgency, with repeated calls to action, reinforcing the seriousness of the prophet's message. The commands are directed at both the collective nations and the distant lands, indicating a wide-reaching warning.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates רֹ֤עוּ as γνῶτε (gnōte), which means 'know' or 'understand'. This choice shifts the focus from merely gathering to an understanding of the situation at hand, suggesting that the nations must comprehend the gravity of their impending fate.

The use of ἡττᾶσθε (hēttāsthe) for חָתַת indicates a similar emphasis on defeat or being conquered, aligning with the overall message of destruction and dismay.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 8:9 warns the nations to gather and prepare for battle, as they will face destruction. The verse emphasizes the need for attention and readiness, repeating the call to be shattered, highlighting the seriousness of the situation.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean for the nations to 'huddle together'?

It signifies a call for unity among the nations in the face of impending judgment, urging them to recognize the seriousness of their situation.

Why is there a repeated call to 'be shattered'?

The repetition emphasizes the severity of the destruction that awaits the nations if they do not heed the warning.

What is the significance of 'distant lands' in this context?

It indicates that the warning is not just for nearby nations but extends to all peoples, highlighting the universal scope of God's judgment.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Isaiah?

It reflects Isaiah's theme of calling nations to account for their actions and the consequences of opposing God's will, a recurring message throughout the book.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How can I recognize areas in my life where I need to heed warnings or calls to action?
  2. In what ways can I prepare myself spiritually to face challenges or consequences?
  3. What does it mean for me to be part of a 'people' or community that responds to God's call?
  4. How can I help others understand the importance of being attentive to God's messages?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentators like Origen and Jerome refer to this verse to highlight the prophetic call to the nations, emphasizing the consequences of their actions.

Origen of AlexandriaON FIRST PRINCIPLES 4:1.5 c. 185–253
And what the same prophet said has been fulfilled. “God is with us. Know this, O nations, and be conquered.” For we who are from the nations have been conquered and overcome.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 8 →
JeromeVerse 9, 10. c. 347–420
Gather together, O people, and be conquered, and listen, all far away lands: be strengthened and be conquered. Gird yourselves, and be conquered: take counsel, and it shall be dissipated: speak a word, and it shall not be,
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 8 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 8:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Associate yourselves, O ye people,.... Both of Syria and Israel, whose two kings were confederate against Judah: and ye shall be broken in pieces; as the kingdom of Syria was by Tilgathpilneser

Read John Gill on Isaiah 8 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 8 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

O ye people; Syrians and Israelites. Immanuel’ s name inspireth the prophet with new courage, and makes him send a challenge to all God’ s enemies, and foretell their certain downfall. Ye of far countries; whosoever you be, whether far or near, who do or shall conspire against Immanuel’ s land. Gird yourselves with sword and belt; prepare yourselves for war. Ye shall be broken in pieces: this is repeated for the greater assurance of the thing, and the comfort of God’ s people, who are apt to despond upon such occasions.

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 8 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 8:9 Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.Ver. 9. Associate yourselves, O ye people.] In confidence of her king Immanuel’ s succour (help) and support, the Church thus holily insulteth over her most active enemies, foretelling their utter subversion. "The virgin daughter of Zion" doth the like, as binding upon her invincible champion Immanuel, whose very name here putteth spirits into her, and maketh her take ‘ heart of grace,’ as they say. Basil biddeth the Christians in time of persecution boldly bespeak their…

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 8 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9) Associate yourselves, O ye people . . .—Better, O ye peoples. The words are not limited to the confederacy of Syria and Ephraim, but are, as it were, a challenge to all the peoples of the earth, far and near. No plan against the Divine kingdom, of which the earthly kingdom of the house of David was, for the time, the representative, shall prosper. The prophet falls back once more on the abiding promise of the name Immanuel (“with us is God”).

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 8 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 9. Associate yourselves - "Know ye this"] God by his prophet plainly declares to the confederate adversaries of Judah, and bids them regard and attend to his declaration, that all their efforts shall be in vain. The present reading, rou, is subject to many difficulties; I follow that of the Septuagint, דעו deu, γνωτε Archbishop Secker approves this reading. דעו deu, know ye this, is parallel and synonymous to האזינו haazinu, give ear to it, in the next line. The Septuagint have likewise very well paraphrased the conclusion of this verse: "When ye have strengthened yourselves, ye shall be broken; and though ye again strengthen yourselves, again shall ye be broken;" taking חתו chottu as…

Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 8 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

9, 10. The challenge of faith to the combined nations of the world. Cf. Psalms 2:1-6.

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 8 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Associate yourselves - In the previous verses the prophet had seen the Assyrian coming up on the land like an overwhelming flood. He looked upon the danger, and his mind was turned to the pledge of safety which God had given.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 8 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered!

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Make an uproar, you peoples, and be broken in pieces! Listen, all you from far countries: dress for battle, and be shattered! Dress for battle, and be shattered!

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered!

NETBNew English Translation2006

You will be broken, O nations; you will be shattered! Pay attention, all you distant lands of the earth! Get ready for battle, and you will be shattered! Get ready for battle, and you will be shattered!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Make an uproar, O ye peoples, and be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Make an uproar; O ye peoples, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Gather together on heapes, O ye people, and ye shalbe broken in pieces, and hearken all ye of farre countreys: gird your selues, and you shalbe broken in pieces: gird your selues, and you shalbe broken in pieces.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Rage, ye peoples, and be broken in pieces! And give ear, all ye distant parts of the earth: Gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces!

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Be friends, O nations, and be broken, And give ear, all ye far off ones of earth, Gird yourselves, and be broken, Gird yourselves, and be broken.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Be friends, O nations, and be broken, || And give ear, all you far-off ones of earth, || Gird yourselves, and be broken, || Gird yourselves, and be broken.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Associate yourselves, O ye people, yet shall ye be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of the far portions of the earth: gird yourselves, yet shall ye be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, yet shall ye be broken in pieces.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

You peoples will be broken to pieces. Listen, all you distant countries: arm yourselves for war and be broken in pieces; arm yourselves and be broken in pieces.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Gather yourselves together, O ye people, and be overcome, and give ear, all ye lands afar off: strengthen yourselves, and be overcome, gird yourselves, and be overcome.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Pay attention, you nations, and be smashed! Listen, all you distant lands, get ready, but you will be smashed. Get ready, but you will be smashed.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Have knowledge, O peoples, and be in fear; give ear, all you far-off parts of the earth:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseverbרֹ֤עוּbe.badclauseעַמִּים֙O.peoplesוָandclauseverbחֹ֔תּוּbe.shatteredוְandclauseclauseverbהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּgive.earclausenoun phraseכֹּ֖לO.allnoun phraseמֶרְחַקֵּי[the].distant.placesאָ֑רֶץof.[the].earthclauseclauseverbהִתְאַזְּר֣וּgird.yourselvesוָandclauseverbחֹ֔תּוּbe.shatteredclauseclauseverbהִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּgird.yourselvesוָandclauseverbחֹֽתּוּbe.shattered

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text of Isaiah 8:9 reads: "רֹ֤עוּ עַמִּים֙ וָחֹ֔תּוּ וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ כֹּ֖ל מֶרְחַקֵּי־ אָ֑רֶץ הִתְאַזְּר֣וּ וָחֹ֔תּוּ הִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּ וָחֹֽתּוּ׃" The Septuagint closely matches the Masoretic Text, with 10 out of 11 words in agreement, though it presents them in a different order. The Dead Sea Scrolls, specifically 1Qisaa and 4Q60, also preserve 9 words of the verse, with some restoration needed in 4Q60. 4Q59 contains 8 words, with several parts restored or supplied by an editor. Overall, the primary witnesses largely agree with the Masoretic Text, with minor variations in wording and order, and some fragments requiring editorial restoration.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

רֹ֤עוּ עַמִּים֙ וָחֹ֔תּוּ וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ כֹּ֖ל מֶרְחַקֵּי־ אָ֑רֶץ הִתְאַזְּר֣וּ וָחֹ֔תּוּ הִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּ וָחֹֽתּוּ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
רֹ֤עוּγνῶτεעַמִּים֙ἔθνηוָחֹ֔תּוּἡττᾶσθεוְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּἐπακούσατεכֹּ֖לἕωςמֶרְחַקֵּי־ἐσξάτουאָ֑רֶץγῆςהִתְאַזְּר֣וּἰσξυκότεςוָחֹ֔תּוּἡττᾶσθεוָחֹֽתּוּ׃ἡττηθήσεσθε

10 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

רעו עמים וחתו והאזינו כול מרחקי הארץ התאזרו וחותו

9 words of the verse are on this fragment. The rest of the verse is not on it.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q60a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

רעו עמים [וחתו] [והאזינו] [כל] [מרחקי] [ארץ] [התאזרו] [וחתו]

9 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 7 supplied entire by an editor.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q59a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

רעו עמים [וחתו] [והאזינו] [כל] מרחקי ארץ התאזרו

8 words of the verse are on this fragment — 3 partly restored, 3 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 8:9רָעַעbe badbe badרָעַעעַםO peoplesO peoplesעַםחָתַתand be shatand be shattereחָתַתאָזַןand give eaand give earאָזַןכֹּלO allO allכֹּלמֶרְחָק[the] dista[the] distant pמֶרְחָקאֶ֫רֶץ[the] earth[the] earthאֶ֫רֶץאָזַרgird yoursegird yourselvesאָזַרחָתַתand be shatand be shattereחָתַתאָזַרgird yoursegird yourselvesאָזַרחָתַתand be shatand be shattereחָתַתבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדHouse of SHouse of Shepheבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםאֹ֫זֶןearearאֹ֫זֶןכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלרָחַקto removeto removeרָחַקאָזַרto girdto girdאָזַרחָלָץloinloinחָלָץיָטַבbe goodbe goodיָטַבתְּפִלָּהprayerprayerתְּפִלָּהקָשַׁבto listento listenקָשַׁבעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהחָתַתto to be dto to be dismayחָתַתטוֹבpleasantpleasantטוֹבכְּנַ֫עַןCanaanCanaanכְּנַ֫עַןמִצְרַ֫יִם(Sea of) E(Sea of) Egyptמִצְרַ֫יִם
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 8:9

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
רֹ֤עוּRo.'u be bad H7489 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
107× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to shatter or break something into pieces, making it useless or bad. It can also mean to afflict or displease someone.
Amplified meaning
associate yourselves, make an uproar
Tyndale gloss
be evil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָעַע (ra`a`) is a Hebrew verb with meanings related to being evil or breaking. It encompasses a range of concepts from moral wickedness to physical shattering. The entries indicate that it can refer to causing harm or injury, as well as being displeasing or sad. There is a notable distinction in the lexicons regarding its use in ethical contexts versus physical breaking.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[רָעַע] 98 vb. denom. be evil, bad

Qal

be displeasing

be sad

be injurious, evil

be evil, wicked, ethically

Niph. suffer hurt

Hiph. 70

do an injury, hurt

do evil, wickedly

base

[רָעַע] vb. break

Qal

trans. can one break iron, iron out of the north ?

intrans. break = be broken

Hithpō‛. the earth is broken asunder

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7489a רָעַע vb. denom. be evil, bad H7489b רָעַע break

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7489 ra`a` raw-ah'

a primitive root; properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking

to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing,

i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally):--afflict,

associate selves (by mistake for 7462), break (down, in

pieces), + displease, (be, bring, do) evil (doer, entreat,

man), show self friendly (by mistake for 7462), do harm, (do)

hurt, (behave self, deal) ill, X indeed, do mischief, punish,

still, vex, (do) wicked (doer, -ly), be (deal, do) worse.

see HEBREW for 07462

see HEBREW for 07462

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָעַע (ra.a) — be evil.

1) to be bad, be evil

1a)(Qal)

1a1) to be displeasing

1a2) to be sad

1a3) to be injurious, be evil

1a4) to be wicked, be evil (ethically)

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to do an injury or hurt

1b2) to do evil or wickedly

1b3) mischief (participle)

רָעַע (ra.a) — to shatter.

1) to break, shatter

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to break

1a2) broken (participle)

1a3) to be broken

1b) (Hithpolel) to be broken, be broken in pieces, be broken asunder

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
HVqv2mp
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
עַמִּים֙'a.Mim O peoples H5971 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
1,873× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.
Amplified meaning
nations, Amaw
Tyndale gloss
Amaw
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people

a people, nation

= smaller units

= common people

people in gen., persons

phrases

base

[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5971 `am am

from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a

tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or

attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,

people.

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַם (am) — people.

: people/nation

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — kinsman.

kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Ammi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — People's (Gate).

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.

Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Amaw.

This name means nation, people

עַם (am) — people: soldiers.

: soldiers/army

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — people: creatures.

: creatures

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
וָחֹ֔תּוּva.Cho.tu and be shattered H2865 Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
52× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To be completely broken or shattered, either physically or emotionally, causing fear or dismay, as in Psalm 6:2.
Amplified meaning
broken in pieces, utterly destroyed
Tyndale gloss
to to be dismayed
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word חָתַת (chathath) is a primitive root meaning to prostrate, break down, or cause dismay. It encompasses a range of meanings including being shattered, dismayed, or terrified, and can be used in various forms such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of breaking or causing fear. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָתַת] vb. be shattered, dismayed

Qal

be shattered, broken

be dismayed

Niph. and at my name he is put in awe

Pi. dismay, scare

Hiph.

shatter

cause to be dismayed

dismay, terrify

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2865 חָתַת be shattered, dismayed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2865 chathath khaw-thath'

a primitive root; properly, to prostrate; hence, to break

down, either (literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by

confusion and fear:--abolish, affright, be (make) afraid,

amaze, beat down, discourage, (cause to) dismay, go down,

scare, terrify.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָתַת (cha.tat) — to to be dismayed.

1) to be shattered, be dismayed, be broken, be abolished, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be shattered, be broken

1a2) to be dismayed

1b) (Niphal) to be broken, be dismayed

1c) (Piel) to be shattered, be dismayed, be scared

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to be dismayed

1d2) to dismay, terrify

1d3) to shatter

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
HC/Vqv2mp
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּve.ha.'a.Zi.nu and give ear H238 Conjunction · verb hiphil imperative second person masculine plural
41× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To listen or hear is the meaning of this Hebrew word, often implying obedience or paying attention to what is being said, as in 1 Kings 3:9.
Amplified meaning
give ear, listen
Tyndale gloss
to listen
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָזַן (azan) is a verb meaning to listen or hear, derived as a denominative from a root suggesting the broadening of the ear. It encompasses the act of giving ear, being obedient, and specifically refers to God listening to prayers. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָזַן] 42 vb. denom. Hiph. give ear, listen, hear

hear, perceive by the ear

of God, listening (with favour) to prayer

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H238 אָזַן vb. denom. Hiph. give ear, listen, hear

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

238 'azan aw-zan'

a primitive root; probably to expand; but used only as a

denominative from 241; to broaden out the ear (with the hand),

i.e. (by implication) to listen:--give (perceive by the) ear,

hear(-ken). See 239.

see HEBREW for 0241

see HEBREW for 0239

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָזַן (a.zan) — to listen.

1) to hear, listen

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to hear, listen, give ear

1a2) to be obedient, harken

1a3) to hear or listen to prayers (of God)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb hiphil imperative second person masculine plural
HC/Vhv2mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

er ('ozen; ous, otion, the latter word (literally, "earlet") in all the Gospels only used of the ear of the high priest's servant, which was cut off by Peter: Mt 26:51; Mr 14:47; Lu 22:51 (not 22:50); Joh 18:10,26):

(1) The physical organ of hearing which was considered of peculiar importance as the chief instrument by which man receives information and commandments. For this reason the ear of the priest had to be specially sanctified, the tip of the right ear being touched with sacrificial blood at the consecration (Le 8:23). Similarly the ear of the cleansed leper had to be rededicated to the service of God by blood…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Ear

Used frequently in a figurative sense (Ps. 34:15). To “uncover the ear” is to show respect to a person (1 Sam. 20:2 marg.). To have the “ear heavy”, or to have “uncircumcised ears” (Isa. 6:10), is to be inattentive and disobedient. To have the ear “bored” through with an awl was a sign of perpetual servitude (Ex. 21:6).

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Blood put upon, in consecration of priest Ex 29:20; Le 8:23

→ In cleansing lepers Le 14:14,25

→ Anointed with oil in purifications Le 14:17,28

→ Bored as a sign of servitude Ex 21:5,6; Ps 40:6

→ See DEAFNESS

→ FIGURATIVE

Anthropomorphic uses of Ps 17:6; 39:12; 77:1; 80:1; 84:8

For more extended anthropomorphic uses, consult a concordance

be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
כֹּ֖לkol O all H3605 Noun common · masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
מֶרְחַקֵּי־mer.cha.kei- [the] distant places of H4801 Noun common · masculine plural construct
18× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Merchaq means a distant place or far country, often used to describe a location that is far away. It can also imply a sense of remoteness or separation. This word is used in the Bible to describe geographical distance.
Tyndale gloss
distance
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מֶרְחָק (merchaq) refers to a distant place or distance, often implying remoteness. It can be used adverbially to describe something that is far off. The word is derived from a root meaning to be distant, and it appears in contexts relating to physical distance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מֶרְחָק n.m. distant place, distance

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4801 מֶרְחָק distant place, distance

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4801 merchaq mer-khawk'

: from 7368; remoteness, i.e. (concretely) a distant place;

often (adverbially) from afar:--(a-, dwell in, very) far

(country, off). See also 1023.

see HEBREW for 07368

see HEBREW for 01023

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מֶרְחָק (mer.chaq) — distance.

distant place, distance, far country

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
אָ֑רֶץ'A.retz [the] earth H776 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
2,504× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Amplified meaning
far countries
Tyndale gloss
land: soil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land

earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)

earth, opp. to heaven, sky

earth = inhabitants of earth

land =

country, territory

district, region

trial territory

piece of ground

specif. land of Canaan, or Israel

= inhabitants of land

used even of Shᵉʼôl

ground, surface of ground

soil, as productive

אֶרֶץ in phrases

people of the land

in measurements of distance

the country of the plain, level or plain country

land of the living

end(s) of the earth

pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)

. earth, opp. to heaven, sky

. earth = inhabitants of earth

. land = . country, territory

. district, region

. trial territory

. piece of ground

. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel

. = inhabitants of land

. used even of Shᵉʼôl

. . ground, surface of ground

. soil, as productive

. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land

. in measurements of distance

. the country of the plain, level or plain country

. land of the living

. end(s) of the earth

. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

776 'erets eh'-rets

from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth

(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,

field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.

: country/field

1) land, earth

1a) earth

1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)

1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)

1a3) earth (inhabitants)

1b) land

1b1) country, territory

1b2) district, region

1b3) tribal territory

1b4) piece of ground

1b5) land of Canaan, Israel

1b6) inhabitants of land

1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world

1b8) city (-state)

1c) ground, surface of the earth

1c1) ground

1c2) soil

1d) (in phrases)

1d1) people of the land

1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)

1d3) level or plain country

1d4) land of the living

1d5) end(s) of the earth

1e) (almost wholly late in usage)

1e1) lands, countries

1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan

אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.

: soil

1) land, earth

1a) earth

1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)

1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)

1a3) earth (inhabitants)

1b) land

1b1) country, territory

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

urth ('adhamah, 'erets, 'aphar; ge, oikoumene):

In a hilly limestone country like Palestine, the small amount of iron oxide in the rocks tends to be oxidized, and thereby to give a prevailing reddish color to the soil. This is especially the case on relatively barren hills where there is little organic matter present to prevent reddening and give a more blackish tinge.

'Adhamah (compare 'adham, "a man," and Adam) is from 'adham, "to be red," and is used in the senses: "earth" (Ex 20:24), "land" (Ps 105:35), a "land" or country (Isa 14:2), "ground" (Ge 4:11), "the earth" (Ge 7:4).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Earth

(1.) In the sense of soil or ground, the translation of the word adamah’. In Gen. 9:20 “husbandman” is literally “man of the ground or earth.” Altars were to be built of earth (Ex. 20:24). Naaman asked for two mules’ burden of earth (2 Kings 5:17), under the superstitious notion that Jehovah, like the gods of the heathen, could be acceptably worshipped only on his own soil.

(2). As the rendering of ’erets, it means the whole world (Gen. 1:2); the land as opposed to the sea (1:10). Erets also denotes a country (21:32); a plot of ground (23:15); the ground on which a man stands (33:3); the inhabitants of the earth (6:1; 11:1); all the world except Israel (

Smith's Bible Dictionary

The term is used in two widely-different senses: (1) for the material of which the earth’s surface is composed; (2) as the name of the planet on which man dwells. The Hebrew language discriminates between these two by the use of separate terms, adamah for the former, erets for the latter. Adamah is the earth in the sense of soil or ground, particularly as being susceptible of cultivation. (Genesis 2:7) Erets is applied in a more or less extended sense-- (1) to the whole world, (Genesis 1:1) (2) to land as opposed to sea, (Genesis 1:10) (3) to a country, (Genesis 21:32) (4) to a plot of ground, (Genesis 23:15) and (5) to…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

In both Hebrew and Greek the same word is used to denote the earth as a whole, and a particular land. Only the context can enable us to decide in which of these senses it is to be taken in a given passage.

Thus in Mt 27:45 we might, so far as the original word is concerned, render either "there was darkness over all the land," or over all the earth. The expression "all the earth" is sometimes used hyperbolically for a large portion of it, Ezr 1:2. The word is used of the whole world, etc. In a moral sense, earthly is opposed to what is heavenly, spiritual and holy, Joh 3:31 1Co 15:47 Col 3:2

be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
הִתְאַזְּר֣וּhit.'a.ze.Ru gird yourselves H247 Verb · Hithpael · imperative second person masculine plural
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To gird means to wear a belt or surround something, like God surrounding his people with strength. It appears in various forms in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
gird yourselves, dress for battle
Tyndale gloss
to gird
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָזַר (azar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to gird, encompass, or equip. It has various forms, including Qal (to gird), Niphal (to be girded), and Piel (to hold close). The word conveys a sense of preparation and strength, often used in contexts related to readiness for action or war.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָזַר] vb. gird, encompass, equip

Qal gird, gird on

Niph. girded with might

Pi. gird

Hithp. gird oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H247 [אָזַר] gird, encompass, equip

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

247 'azar aw-zar'

a primitive root; to belt:--bind (compass) about, gird (up,

with).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָזַר (a.zar) — to gird.

1) gird, encompass, equip, clothe

1a) (Qal) to gird, gird on (metaphorical of strength)

1b) (Niphal) be girded

1c)(Piel) hold close, clasp

1d) (Hiphpael) gird oneself (for war)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hithpael-Impv-2mp — Verb · Hithpael · imperative second person masculine plural
HVtv2mp
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
וָחֹ֔תּוּva.Cho.tu and be shattered H2865 Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
52× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To be completely broken or shattered, either physically or emotionally, causing fear or dismay, as in Psalm 6:2.
Amplified meaning
broken, dismayed
Tyndale gloss
to to be dismayed
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word חָתַת (chathath) is a primitive root meaning to prostrate, break down, or cause dismay. It encompasses a range of meanings including being shattered, dismayed, or terrified, and can be used in various forms such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of breaking or causing fear. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָתַת] vb. be shattered, dismayed

Qal

be shattered, broken

be dismayed

Niph. and at my name he is put in awe

Pi. dismay, scare

Hiph.

shatter

cause to be dismayed

dismay, terrify

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2865 חָתַת be shattered, dismayed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2865 chathath khaw-thath'

a primitive root; properly, to prostrate; hence, to break

down, either (literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by

confusion and fear:--abolish, affright, be (make) afraid,

amaze, beat down, discourage, (cause to) dismay, go down,

scare, terrify.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָתַת (cha.tat) — to to be dismayed.

1) to be shattered, be dismayed, be broken, be abolished, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be shattered, be broken

1a2) to be dismayed

1b) (Niphal) to be broken, be dismayed

1c) (Piel) to be shattered, be dismayed, be scared

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to be dismayed

1d2) to dismay, terrify

1d3) to shatter

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
HC/Vqv2mp
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
הִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּhit.'a.ze.Ru gird yourselves H247 Verb · Hithpael · imperative second person masculine plural
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To gird means to wear a belt or surround something, like God surrounding his people with strength. It appears in various forms in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
gird yourselves
Tyndale gloss
to gird
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָזַר (azar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to gird, encompass, or equip. It has various forms, including Qal (to gird), Niphal (to be girded), and Piel (to hold close). The word conveys a sense of preparation and strength, often used in contexts related to readiness for action or war.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָזַר] vb. gird, encompass, equip

Qal gird, gird on

Niph. girded with might

Pi. gird

Hithp. gird oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H247 [אָזַר] gird, encompass, equip

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

247 'azar aw-zar'

a primitive root; to belt:--bind (compass) about, gird (up,

with).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָזַר (a.zar) — to gird.

1) gird, encompass, equip, clothe

1a) (Qal) to gird, gird on (metaphorical of strength)

1b) (Niphal) be girded

1c)(Piel) hold close, clasp

1d) (Hiphpael) gird oneself (for war)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hithpael-Impv-2mp — Verb · Hithpael · imperative second person masculine plural
HVtv2mp
be bad O peoples and be shattered and give ear O all [the] distant places of [the] earth gird yourselves and be shattered gird yourselves and be shattered
וָחֹֽתּוּ׃va.Cho.tu and be shattered H2865 Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
52× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To be completely broken or shattered, either physically or emotionally, causing fear or dismay, as in Psalm 6:2.
Amplified meaning
broken, crushed
Tyndale gloss
to to be dismayed
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word חָתַת (chathath) is a primitive root meaning to prostrate, break down, or cause dismay. It encompasses a range of meanings including being shattered, dismayed, or terrified, and can be used in various forms such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of breaking or causing fear. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָתַת] vb. be shattered, dismayed

Qal

be shattered, broken

be dismayed

Niph. and at my name he is put in awe

Pi. dismay, scare

Hiph.

shatter

cause to be dismayed

dismay, terrify

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2865 חָתַת be shattered, dismayed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2865 chathath khaw-thath'

a primitive root; properly, to prostrate; hence, to break

down, either (literally) by violence, or (figuratively) by

confusion and fear:--abolish, affright, be (make) afraid,

amaze, beat down, discourage, (cause to) dismay, go down,

scare, terrify.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָתַת (cha.tat) — to to be dismayed.

1) to be shattered, be dismayed, be broken, be abolished, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be shattered, be broken

1a2) to be dismayed

1b) (Niphal) to be broken, be dismayed

1c) (Piel) to be shattered, be dismayed, be scared

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to be dismayed

1d2) to dismay, terrify

1d3) to shatter

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
HC/Vqv2mp
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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