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Nehemiah 8:11 — Word Study

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WLCוְהַלְוִיִּ֞ם מַחְשִׁ֤ים לְכָל־ הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֣ר הַ֔סּוּ כִּ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם קָדֹ֑שׁ וְאַל־ תֵּעָצֵֽבוּ׃

BSAAnd the LevitesLêvîyîy [stilled, quieted] calmedchâshâh allkôl [every, the entire] the peopleʻam sayingʼâmar Be stillhâçâh [hold your peace, do not cry] sincekîy todayyôwm [this day, the present time] is holyqâdôwsh [set apart, sacred] Do notʼal [refrain from] grieveʻâtsab [be hurt, worried]

Word
Listen & take awayNehemiah 8
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 11 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (te.'a.Tze.vu) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Nehemiah 8:11quick helps
In a sentenceThe Levites quieted the people, reminding them of the holiness of the day and advising against grief.
Who is speakingThe Levites, who served in the temple, addressing the gathered crowd.
Where we areIn the context of a public reading of the Law, where the people are instructed to celebrate.
The hard wordמַחְשִׁ֤ים
Take awayThe day is holy, and the people should not be sad.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbחָשָׁה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Nehemiah 8:11

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Reading of the Lawgenerated

10Then Nehemiah told them, “Go and eat what is rich, drink what is sweet, and send out portions to those who have nothing prepared, since today is holy to our Lord. Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength.”
11And the Levites calmed all the people, saying, “Be still, since today is holy. Do not grieve.”
12Then all the people began to eat and drink, to send out portions, and to rejoice greatly, because they understood the words that had been made known to them.
13On the second day of the month, the heads of all the families, along with the priests and Levites, gathered around Ezra the scribe to study the words of the Law.

Nehemiah 8:11 occurs during a significant moment when the Law is read to the people of Israel. The Levites, acting as spiritual leaders, remind the crowd of the day's holiness and encourage them to celebrate rather than mourn. This reflects the importance of joy in worship and the understanding of God's commands, as seen in the preceding verse where Nehemiah emphasizes the joy of the Lord as strength.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Numbers 13:30Then Caleb quieted the people before Moses and said, “We must go up and take possession of the land, for we can certainly conquer it!”

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word מַחְשִׁ֤ים, mach.Shimgenerated

The verb חָשָׁה (chashah) means to be silent or quiet, and here it is used in the participle form to indicate an ongoing action — the Levites are actively making the people quiet. This word is often associated with stillness in the context of worship and reverence.

In this verse, the Levites are not just calling for silence; they are ensuring that the people understand the significance of the day. The active voice of the verb suggests a leadership role in guiding the community towards proper worship.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb of the verse is מַחְשִׁ֤ים, making quiet, which governs the subject וְהַלְוִיִּ֞ם, the Levites. The structure includes a series of phrases that elaborate on what the Levites are doing and what they are saying to the people.

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the Levites as the subject, followed by their action of calming the entire people and the imperative command to be still, indicating the urgency and importance of their message.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מַחְשִׁ֤ים as κατεσιώπων, which means 'silencing' or 'quieting.' This choice reflects a broader interpretation of the Levites' role in ensuring the people are not only quiet but also receptive to the message being delivered.

This translation suggests a more active role in controlling the crowd, emphasizing the need for focus on the sacredness of the moment.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Nehemiah 8:11 shows the Levites calming all the people by telling them to be still because the day is holy. They instruct the crowd not to grieve, emphasizing the importance of joy in worship.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that today is holy?

The day is set apart for worship and celebration, indicating that it is a time for joy rather than sorrow.

Why did the Levites tell the people not to grieve?

They wanted to remind the people of the joy that comes from understanding God's Word and the significance of the day they were observing.

How does this verse connect to the previous verses?

It follows Nehemiah's encouragement to celebrate and enjoy the richness of God's provisions, reinforcing the theme of joy in worship.

What role do the Levites play in this context?

The Levites serve as spiritual leaders, guiding the people in their response to the reading of the Law and helping them understand its implications.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways can I celebrate the holiness of a day in my own life?
  2. How can I encourage others to find joy in their worship and understanding of God's Word?
  3. What practices can help me remain still and attentive to God's message?
  4. How do I respond to moments of grief in the context of my faith?

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Nehemiah 8:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

So the Levites stilled all the people,.... Made them quiet and easy, being backed by the governor: saying, hold your peace; refrain from weeping and mourning: for the day is holy; a festival, set

Read John Gill on Nehemiah 8 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Then he said unto them, Go your way, eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send portions unto them for whom nothing is prepared: for this day is holy unto our Lord: neither be ye sorry; for the joy of the LORD is your strength.

Read Robert Jamieson on Nehemiah 8 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The Levites stilled all the people; whose passions being once raised, could not suddenly be composed. Hold your peace; cease from weeping and mournful cries, and turn your lamentations into thanksgivings.

Read Matthew Poole on Nehemiah 8 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Nehemiah 8:11 So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day [is] holy; neither be ye grieved.Ver. 11. So the Levites stilled all the people] Made them hold their tongues, and forbear their groans and moans, the expressions of their great grief conceived for their sins, making a wailing like the dragons, mourning as the owls, and saying, "Look away from me; I will weep bitterly, labour not to comfort me," &c., Micah 1:8 Isaiah 22:4. But these holy Levites did comfort them, and quiet them. Saying, Hold your peace] Or, Sit; peace, and be still. For the day is holy] And God loves not the bread of mourners for a sacrifice, is like as none might come into the court…

Read John Trapp on Nehemiah 8 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(11) So the Levites.—As before, what Ezra said was repeated to the people in various directions by the Levites. But there was evidently an almost irrepressible emotion.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Nehemiah 8 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

11. Hold your peace] This expression has been compared with the Latin ‘Favete linguis.’ It was ill-omened to make use of words or signs of lamentation on a holy day, cf. Habakkuk 2:20, ‘The Lord is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him;’ Zephaniah 1:7, ‘Hold thy peace at the presence of the Lord God: … for the Lord hath prepared a sacrifice, he hath sanctified his guests;’ Zechariah 2:13.

Read Cambridge on Nehemiah 8 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

11. Stilled all the people — Hushed their loud lamentation. The call to observe the feast of trumpets, and the comforting words that accompanied it, cheered and strengthened the hearts of the people,

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Nehemiah 8 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

And the Levites calmed all the people, saying, “Be still, since today is holy. Do not grieve.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

So the Levites calmed all the people, saying, “Hold your peace, for the day is holy. Don’t be grieved.”

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

And the Levites calmed all the people, saying, “Be still, since today is holy. Do not grieve.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

Then the Levites quieted all the people saying, “Be quiet, for this day is holy. Do not grieve.”

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be ye grieved.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be ye grieved.

RVARevised Version, American1894

So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be ye grieved.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be ye grieved.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And the Leuites made silence throughout all the people, saying, Holde your peace: for the day is holy, be not sad therefore.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And the Levites quieted all the people, saying, Be still! for the day is holy; neither be grieved.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And the Levites are keeping all the people silent, saying, 'Be silent, for to-day [is] holy, and be not grieved.'

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And the Levites are keeping all the people silent, saying, “Be silent, for today [is] holy, and do not be grieved.”

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

So the Levites quieted all the people, saying, Be still! for the day is holy: and do not grieve yourselves.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

So the Levites made the people be quiet, saying, “Hush! for this day is holy. Do not be grieved.”

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And the Levites stilled all the people, saying: Hold your peace, for the day is holy, and be not sorrowful.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The Levites too were quieting everyone down, telling them, “Don't cry! This is a holy day and you shouldn't be sad.”

BBEBible in Basic English1949

So the Levites made all the people quiet, saying, Be quiet, for the day is holy; and do not give way to grief.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclausenoun phrase · subjectהַtheלְוִיִּ֞םLevitesverbמַחְשִׁ֤ים[were].making.quietprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְ(to)noun phraseכָלallnoun phraseהָtheעָם֙peopleprepositional phrase · prepositionalלֵ(cmp)clauseverbאמֹ֣רsayingclauseverbהַ֔סּוּhush!כִּ֥י(dm)clausenoun phrase · subjectהַthisיּ֖וֹםdaypredicateקָדֹ֑שׁ[is].holyוְandclauseadverbialאַלdo.notverbתֵּעָצֵֽבוּbe.grieved

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all words matching in their respective translations. This indicates a consistent understanding of the Levites' role in calming the people during this significant event.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְהַלְוִיִּ֞ם מַחְשִׁ֤ים לְכָל־ הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֣ר הַ֔סּוּ כִּ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם קָדֹ֑שׁ וְאַל־ תֵּעָצֵֽבוּ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְהַלְוִיִּ֞םλευῖταιמַחְשִׁ֤יםκατεσιώπωνלְכָל־πάνταהָעָם֙λαὸνלֵאמֹ֣רλέγοντεςהַ֔סּוּσιωπᾶτεכִּ֥יὅτιהַיּ֖וֹםἡμέραקָדֹ֑שׁἁγίαוְאַל־μὴתֵּעָצֵֽבוּ׃καταπίπτετε

11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Nehemiah 8:11לֵוִיand the Levand the Levitesלֵוִיחָשָׁה[were] maki[were] making qחָשָׁהכֹּלallallכֹּלעַםthe peoplethe peopleעַםאָמַרsayingsayingאָמַרהַסhush!hush!הַסכִּיforforכִּייוֹםthis daythis dayיוֹםקָדוֹשׁ[is] holy[is] holyקָדוֹשׁאַלand may notand may notאַלעָצַבyou be grieyou be grievedעָצַבקָדַשׁto consecrto consecrate: קָדַשׁלֵוִיLeviLeviלֵוִיכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםלֹאnotnotלֹאעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהכֹּהֵןpriestpriestכֹּהֵןאָפַקto refrainto refrainאָפַקחָרַשׁto plow/plto plow/plotחָרַשׁעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהכֹּהthusthusכֹּהיהוהYHWH/GodYHWH/GodיהוהפָּנֶהfacefaceפָּנֶהעַםAmawAmawעַםיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעשְׁבִיעִיseventhseventhשְׁבִיעִישַׁבָּתSabbathSabbathשַׁבָּתחָתַתto to be dto to be dismayחָתַת
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Nehemiah 8:11

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
וְהַלְוִיִּ֞םve.hal.vi.Yim and the Levites H3881 Conjunction · particle · noun gentilic masculine plural absolute
291× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A Levite is a descendant of Levi, one of Jacob's 12 sons, mentioned in Genesis 29:34. Levi's brothers include Reuben, Simeon, and Judah. His descendants played a key role in Israel's spiritual life.
Amplified meaning
stilled, quieted
Tyndale gloss
Levi
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֵוִי (Leviy) refers to a Levite, a member of the tribe of Levi, which is the third son of Jacob and Leah. This term encompasses the descendants of Levi, who were set apart for religious duties. The word is linked to the Hebrew root for 'joining,' reflecting the tribe's special role in service to God. It first appears in Genesis 29:34.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֵוִי 291 adj.gent. Levite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3881 לֵוִי Levite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3881 Leviyiy lay-vee-ee'

or Leviy {lay-vee'}; patronymically from 3878; a Levite or

descendant of Levi:--Leviite.

see HEBREW for 03878

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֵוִי (le.viy.yi) — Levi.

Someone from the tribe of Levi living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.29.34;

son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);

brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Judah (H3063), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);

half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);

father of: Gershon (H1648), Kohath (H6955), Merari (H4847) and Jochebed (H3115)

Another name of le.vi (לֵוִי "Levi" H3878)

§ Levite, of Levi "joined to"

1) the descendants of Levi, the 3rd son of Jacob by Leah

1a) the tribe descended from Levi specially set aside by God for His service

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Art | Ngmpa — Conjunction · particle · noun gentilic masculine plural absolute
HC/Td/Ngmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

le'-vits.

See PRIESTS AND LEVITES.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(descendants of Levi). Sometimes the name extends to the whole tribe, the priests included, (Exodus 6:25; Leviticus 25:32; Numbers 35:2; Joshua 21:3,41) etc; sometimes only to those members of the tribe who were not priests, and as distinguished from them. Sometimes again it is added as an epithet of the smaller portion of the tribe, and we read of "the priests the Levites." (Joshua 3:3; Ezekiel 44:15) The history of the tribe and of the functions attached to its several orders is essential to any right apprehension of the history of Israel as a people. It will fall…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

All the descendants of Levi may be comprised under this name, Ex 6:16,25 Jos 3:3, (see LEVI;) but chiefly those who were employed in the lower services in the temple, by which they were distinguished from the priests, who were of the race of Levi by Aaron, and were employed in higher offices, Nu 3:6-10 18:2-7. God chose the Levites for the service of his tabernacle and temple, instead of the firstborn of all Israel, to whom such duties naturally belonged, and who were already sacred to God in memory of the great deliverance in Egypt. Ex 13:1-22 Nu 3:12,13,39-51. In the wilderness, the Levites took charge of the tabernacle…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ (The descendants of Levi)

→ Set apart as ministers of religion Nu 1:47-54; 3:6-16; 16:9; 26:57-62; De 10:8; 1Ch 15:2

→ Substituted in the place of the firstborn children Nu 3:12,41-45; 8:14,16-18; 18:6

→ Religious zeal of Ex 32:26-28; De 33:9,10; Mal 2:4,5

→ Consecration of Nu 8:6-21

→ Sedition among, led by Korah, Dathan, Abiram, and On, on account of jealousy toward Moses and Aaron Nu 16; with 4:19,20

and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
מַחְשִׁ֤יםmach.Shim [were] making quiet H2814 Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine plural
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to be silent or quiet, and is used in the Bible to describe stillness or inactivity, as seen in the book of Psalms. It can also mean to hold peace or keep silence. In some cases, it is used to show respect or reverence.
Tyndale gloss
be silent
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָשָׁה (chashah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be silent, quiet, or still. It can express inactivity or the act of causing silence in others. The entries indicate its use primarily in poetic and later texts, with forms in both the Qal and Hiphil stems, highlighting its versatility in conveying stillness or quietness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָשָׁה] vb. be silent, inactive, still (chiefly poet. and late)

Qal be silent

Hiph.

exhibit silence, be silent

shew inactivity

causat. make still, quiet

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2814 חָשָׁה be silent, inactive, still (chiefly poet. and late) .be silent

. . exhibit silence, be silent

. shew inactivity

. causat. make still, quiet

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2814 chashah khaw-shaw'

a primitive root; to hush or keep quiet:--hold peace, keep

silence, be silent, (be) still.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָשָׁה (cha.shah) — be silent.

1) to be silent, quiet, still, inactive

1a) (Qal) to be silent, be still

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to be silent, exhibit silence

1b2) to show inactivity, be inactive

1b3) to make silent, make quiet, cause to be still

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine plural
HVhrmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kwi'-et: Verb or adjective only in English Versions of the Bible, "quietness" being used for the noun. No special Hebrew or Greek words are represented, but in the Old Testament usually for some form or derivative of shaqaT, "be undisturbed" (Jud 18:7; compare Pr 1:33, sha'ar, "to loll," "be at ease"; Ec 9:17, nachath, "quiet," "be set on"). For "them that are quiet in the land", in Ps 35:20, see MEEKNESS; POOR. For "quiet prince in Jer 51:59, the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "chief chamberlain," margin "quartermaster." "Jacob was a quiet (tam, "gentle"] man" (

and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
לְכָל־le.khol all H3605 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Amplified meaning
every, the entire
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HR/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
הָעָם֙ha.'Am the people H5971 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
1,873× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.
Tyndale gloss
Amaw
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people

a people, nation

= smaller units

= common people

people in gen., persons

phrases

base

[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5971 `am am

from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a

tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or

attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,

people.

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַם (am) — people.

: people/nation

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — kinsman.

kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Ammi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — People's (Gate).

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.

Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Amaw.

This name means nation, people

עַם (am) — people: soldiers.

: soldiers/army

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — people: creatures.

: creatures

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
לֵאמֹ֣רle.Mor saying H559 Preposition · verb qal infinitive construct common
5,309× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Tyndale gloss
to say
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say

Qal

Say

Say in the heart (= think)

Promise

Command (esp. late)

Niph. be said, told

Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

Hithp. act proudly, boast

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say

. Say in the heart (= think)

. Promise

. Command (esp. late)

. be said, told

. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

. act proudly, boast

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

559 'amar aw-mar'

a primitive root; to say (used with great

latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,

certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),

commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X

expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,

publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X

suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),

utter, X verily, X yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.

1) to say, speak, utter

1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called

1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly

1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch

Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a — Preposition · verb qal infinitive construct common
HR/Vqcc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
הַ֔סּוּHa.su hush! H2013 Verb · Piel · imperative second person masculine plural
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To silence means to hush or keep quiet, often used to command someone to be still or hold their tongue. This is seen in the Bible when someone is told to hold peace or keep silence.
Amplified meaning
hold your peace, do not cry
Tyndale gloss
to silence
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הַס (has) is an interjection meaning 'hush!' or 'keep silence.' It is derived from a primitive root that conveys the idea of being silent or still. The entries indicate its use in commanding silence, with references to its inflection as a verb. Notably, Brown-Driver-Briggs suggests it may be onomatopoeic.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הַס, הָ֑ס interj. hush!, keep silence (prob. onomatop.) Inflected as though a verb. Hence as denom. Hiph. and Caleb stilled the people.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2013 הַס, הָ֑ס interj. hush!, keep silence

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2013 hacah haw-saw'

a primitive root; to hush:--hold peace (tongue), (keep)

silence, be silent, still.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הַס (ha.sah) — to silence.

interj

1) (Piel) hush, keep silence, be silent, hold peace, hold tongue, still

v

2)(CLBL) to hush

2a) (Hiphil) to command to be silent

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Verb · Piel · imperative second person masculine plural
HVpv2mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
כִּ֥יki for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
הַיּ֖וֹםhai.Yom this day H3117 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
2,306× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.
Amplified meaning
this day, the present time
Tyndale gloss
day
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יוֹם 2285 n.m. day

day, opp. night

Day as division of time

יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous

Pl. days of anyone

Days

יוֹם = time

Phrases

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night

. Day as division of time

. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous

. Pl. days of anyone

. Days

. יוֹם = time

. Phrases

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3117 yowm yome

from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm

hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one

sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by

an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +

chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)

day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +

(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as

(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,

presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,

then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,

weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole

(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יוֹם (yom) — day.

: day/when/time/period

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

1b2a) a working day, a day's journey

1c) days, lifetime (pl.)

1d) time, period (general)

1e) year

1f) temporal references

1f1) today

1f2) yesterday

1f3) tomorrow

יוֹם (yom) — day: old.

: old/(full/many)[days]

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

1b2a) a working day, a day's journey

1c) days, lifetime (pl.)

1d) time, period (general)

1e) year

1f) temporal references

1f1) today

1f2) yesterday

1f3) tomorrow

יוֹם (yom) — day: year.

: year[of_days]

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

da (yom; hemera): This common word has caused some trouble to plain readers, because they have not noticed that the word is used in several different senses in the English Bible. When the different uses of the word are understood the difficulty of interpretation vanishes. We note several different uses of the word:

(1) It sometimes means the time from daylight till dark. This popular meaning is easily discovered by the context, e. g. Ge 1:5; 8:22, etc. The marked periods of this daytime were morning, noon and night, as with us. See Ps 55:17. The early hours were sometimes called "the cool of the day" (Ge 3:8). After the exile the day. or daytime was divided into twelve hours and the night into twelve (see

Day

The Jews reckoned the day from sunset to sunset (Lev. 23:32). It was originally divided into three parts (Ps. 55:17). “The heat of the day” (1 Sam. 11:11; Neh. 7:3) was at our nine o’clock, and “the cool of the day” just before sunset (Gen. 3:8). Before the Captivity the Jews divided the night into three watches, (1) from sunset to midnight (Lam. 2:19); (2) from midnight till the cock-crowing (Judg. 7:19); and (3) from the cock-crowing till sunrise (Ex.…

The variable length of the natural day at different seasons led in the very earliest times to the adoption of the civil day (or one revolution of the sun) as a standard of time. The Hebrews reckoned the day from evening to evening, (Leviticus 23:32) deriving it from (Genesis 1:5) "the evening and the morning were the first day." The Jews are supposed, like the modern Arabs, to have adopted from an early period minute specifications of the parts of the natural day. Roughly, indeed, they were content to divide it into "morning, evening and noonday," (Psalms 55:17) but when they wished for greater accuracy they pointed to six unequal parts, each of which was again subdivided. These are held to have been -- "the dawn." "Sunrise."…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The day is distinguished into natural, civil, and artificial. The natural day is one revolution of the earth on its axis. The civil day is that, the beginning and the end of which are determined by the custom of any nation. The Hebrews began their day in the evening, Le 23:32; the Babylonians at sunrise; and we begin at midnight. The artificial day is the time of the sun’s continuance above the horizon, which is unequal according to different seasons, on account of the obliquity of the equator. The sacred writers generally divide the day into twelve hours. The sixth hour always ends at noon throughout the year; and the twelfth hour is the last hour before sunset. But in summer, all the hours of the day were longer than in winter, while those of night were shorter. See HOURS, and THREE.

and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
קָדֹ֑שׁka.Dosh [is] holy H6918 Adj
116× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Holy means set apart or sacred, used to describe God, angels, and saints. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things or people dedicated to God's service, like the Temple in Jerusalem or the prophets who spoke on God's behalf.
Amplified meaning
set apart, sacred
Tyndale gloss
holy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קָדוֹשׁ (*qadosh*) means sacred or holy. It can refer to God, angels, saints, or sanctuaries, indicating a state of being set apart. The entries consistently emphasize its moral and ceremonial significance, with no notable disagreements among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קָדוֹשׁ adj. sacred, holy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6918 קָדוֹשׁ sacred, holy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6918 qadowsh kaw-doshe'

or qadosh {kaw-doshe'}; from 6942; sacred (ceremonially or

morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a

sanctuary:--holy (One), saint.

see HEBREW for 06942

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קָדוֹשׁ (qa.dosh) — holy.

: holy

sacred, holy, Holy One, saint, set apart

קָדוֹשׁ (qa.dosh) — holy: saint.

: saint/priest

sacred, holy, Holy One, saint, set apart

A sub-meaning of qa.dosh (קָדוֹשׁ ": holy" H6918)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAamsa
and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
וְאַל־ve.'al- and may not H408 Conjunction · particle
724× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means not or nothing, used to express negation, as in the phrase do not or let not be.
Amplified meaning
refrain from
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַל (al) is a negative particle meaning 'not' or 'no,' often used to express a wish or prohibition rather than an objective fact. It can also function as a noun meaning 'nothing.' The lexicons highlight its use in various contexts, including deprecative forms, but do not show significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַל adv. of negation, denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H408 אַל adv. of negation, denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

408 'al al

a negative particle (akin to 3808); not (the qualified

negation, used as a deprecative); once (Job 24:25) as a noun,

nothing:--nay, neither, + never, no ,nor, not, nothing

(worth), rather than.

see HEBREW for 03808

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַל (al) — not.

1) not, no, nor, neither, nothing (as wish or preference)

1a) do not, let not (with a verb)

1b) let there not be (with a verb understood)

1c) not, no (with substantive)

1d) nothing (as substantive)

Aramaic equivalent: al (אַל "not" H0409)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
and the Levites [were] making quiet all the people saying hush! for this day [is] holy and may not you be grieved
תֵּעָצֵֽבוּ׃te.'a.Tze.vu you be grieved H6087 Verb · Niphal · jussive second person masculine plural
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To shape or carve something, like a craftsman forming wood or stone, can also mean to worry or cause pain, as in the emotional distress of King David in Psalm 38:18.
Amplified meaning
be hurt, worried
Tyndale gloss
to hurt
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָצַב (atsab) has dual meanings: it can refer to causing hurt, pain, or grief, and it can also mean to shape or fashion. It is built from a primitive root that conveys both negative emotions and the act of creating. The entries indicate that it can be used in various forms, such as causing pain (Hiphil) or shaping (Piel).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[עָצַב] vb. hurt, pain, grieve

Qal his father had not pained him

Niph. be pained for

Pi. they vexed his holy spirit

Hiph. they used to cause him [י׳] pain.

Hithp. and he was vexed to his heart

base

[עָצַב] vb. Pi. shape, fashion

Pi. thy hands shaped me, etc.

Hiph. to fashion her, i.e. make images of her

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6087a עָצַב hurt, pain, grieve H6087b עָצַב Pi. shape, fashion

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6087 `atsab aw-tsab'

a primitive root; properly, to carve, i.e. fabricate or

fashion; hence (in a bad sense) to worry, pain or anger:--

displease, grieve, hurt, make, be sorry, vex, worship, wrest.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָצַב (a.tsav) — to hurt.

1) to hurt, pain, grieve, displease, vex, wrest

1a) (Qal) to hurt, pain

1b)(Niphal) to be in pain, be pained, be grieved

1c) (Piel) to vex, torture

1d) (Hiphil) to cause pain

1e) (Hithpael) to feel grieved, be vexed

Aramaic equivalent: a.tsav (עֲצַב "to pain" H6088)

עָצַב (a.tsav) — to shape.

1) to shape, fashion, make, form, stretch into shape, (TWOT) worship

1a) (Piel) to shape, form

1b) (Hiphil) to form, copy, fashion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Juss-2mp — Verb · Niphal · jussive second person masculine plural
HVNj2mp
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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