Leviticus 13:42 — Word Study
WLCוְכִֽי־ יִהְיֶ֤ה בַקָּרַ֙חַת֙ א֣וֹ בַגַּבַּ֔חַת נֶ֖גַע לָבָ֣ן אֲדַמְדָּ֑ם צָרַ֤עַת פֹּרַ֙חַת֙ הִ֔וא בְּקָרַחְתּ֖וֹ א֥וֹ בְגַבַּחְתּֽוֹ׃
BSABut ifkîy there ishâyâh▸ a reddish-whitelâbân [reddish-white, very red white] sorenegaʻ [plague, disease] on the bald headqârachath [back of the, baldness, a bald spot] orʼôw foreheadgabbachath [baldness, a bare spot] ithûwʼ is an infectious diseasetsâraʻath [contagious, leprosy, a skin disease] breaking outpârach [sprouting, flourishing] [on it]qârachath
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְכִֽי־ | and if | Conjunction, particle |
| יִהְיֶ֤ה | it will be | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| בַקָּרַ֙חַת֙ | on the bald spot | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| א֣וֹ | or | Conjunction |
| בַגַּבַּ֔חַת | on the bald forehead | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| נֶ֖גַע | a plague | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| לָבָ֣ן | white | Adj |
| אֲדַמְדָּ֑ם | reddish | |
| צָרַ֤עַת | [is] a serious skin disease | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| פֹּרַ֙חַת֙ | [which is] breaking out | Verb, Qal, participle (active) feminine singular |
| הִ֔וא | it | Pronoun |
| בְּקָרַחְתּ֖וֹ | on bald spot his | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| א֥וֹ | or | Conjunction |
| בְגַבַּחְתּֽוֹ׃ | on bald forehead his | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | But if there is a reddish-white sore on the bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on it. |
| KJV | And if there be in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white reddish sore; it is a leprosy sprung up in his bald head, or his bald forehead. |
| ASV | But if there be in the bald head, or the bald forehead, a reddish-white plague; it is leprosy breaking out in his bald head, or his bald forehead. |
| YLT | 'And when there is in the bald back of the head, or in the bald forehead, a very red white plague, it [is] a leprosy breaking out in the bald back of the head, or in the bald forehead; |
| WEB | But if a reddish-white plague is in the bald head or the bald forehead, it is leprosy breaking out in his bald head or his bald forehead. |
| BBE | But if, on his head or on his brow, where he has no hair, there is a red and white place, it is the disease of the leper coming out on his head or on his brow. |
Where they part company is לָבָן — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence contains a main clause followed by descriptive and locational phrases that clarify the condition being discussed.






7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectפָּרַח
verbהָיָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Leviticus 13:42
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Laws Concerning Skin Diseasesgenerated
Leviticus 13:42 is part of a larger section that provides guidelines for the identification and treatment of skin diseases, particularly leprosy. This chapter outlines how priests are to examine individuals for signs of infectious diseases and determine their status of cleanliness. The context emphasizes the importance of ritual purity and the community's health.
Cross References
The Key Word — צָרַ֤עַת, tza.Ra.'atgenerated
The term צָרַ֤עַת (tza'arat) refers to a serious skin disease, often translated as leprosy. It encompasses various skin afflictions and is associated with both physical and spiritual impurity. The parsing indicates it is a feminine singular noun, commonly used in the context of the laws regarding cleanliness and disease.
This word is significant in the biblical text as it highlights the seriousness of the condition being described. Leprosy was not only a physical ailment but also had social and religious implications, marking individuals as unclean and requiring them to follow specific protocols.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses infectious disease, which is consistent with other translations like the KJV and ASV.
Where others part company with the BSB is in the rendering of לָבָן — the KJV and others use white, while the YLT opts for very red white, highlighting a variation in the description of the color.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse is structured around a main clause introduced by the verb יִהְיֶ֤ה, it will be, which governs the entire statement. This is followed by a series of prepositional phrases that specify the conditions being described.
The organization of the sentence places emphasis on the condition of the sore, with the adjective phrases detailing the characteristics of the sore and its implications for the individual’s health.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates צָרַ֤עַת as λέπρα, which specifically denotes leprosy. This choice reflects a direct connection to the understanding of the disease in the Greek-speaking world, emphasizing its contagious nature.
The Greek translation captures the essence of the Hebrew term while adapting it to a context familiar to its audience, indicating the severity of the condition.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Leviticus 13:42 describes a reddish-white sore on a person's bald head or forehead, indicating an infectious disease. This verse is part of the laws concerning skin diseases, emphasizing the importance of identifying and treating such conditions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It indicates a serious infectious disease, often associated with leprosy, requiring examination by a priest.
Baldness refers to specific areas of the head where the sore may appear, making it relevant for diagnosis.
Being diagnosed with such a disease would render a person unclean, affecting their social and religious standing within the community.
This verse highlights the importance of physical purity and the protocols established for maintaining communal health and spiritual cleanliness.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about the importance of health and cleanliness from this verse?
- How do the laws in Leviticus reflect the values of the community regarding disease?
- In what ways can we apply the principles of care and examination to our own lives?
- How does understanding these ancient laws help us appreciate the significance of purity in our spiritual lives?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Leviticus 13:42 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd if there be,.... Or, "but if there be", or, "when there shall be" (y), or shall appear to be: in the bald head, or in the bald forehead, a white reddish sore; white and red mixed, as the Targum
Read John Gill on Leviticus 13 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd if there be in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white reddish sore; it is a leprosy sprung up in his bald head, or his bald forehead. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Leviticus 13 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIt is a sign that such baldness came not from age or any accident, but from the leprosy.
Read Matthew Poole on Leviticus 13 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(42) And if there be in the bald head.—Better, But if there be in the bald backhead. But if a reddish-white eruption appears either in the hinder or fore part of the bald head, resembling that which arises in the place of healed boils (see Leviticus 13:19-24), then it indicates the existence of leprosy. In his bald head.—Better, in his bald backhead.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Leviticus 13 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and CollegesBaldness in the back or front part of the head (40–44) This is not in itself a sign of uncleanness, but if in either part a reddish white plague (white reddish sore A. V.) appears, he must be seen by the priest. The word ‘bald’ in Leviticus 13:40 means bald at the back of the head, as distinguished from forehead bald in Leviticus 13:41.
Read Cambridge on Leviticus 13 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleSore - Rather, stroke. It is the same word which elsewhere in this and the next chapter is rendered plague.
Read Albert Barnes on Leviticus 13 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible42. A white, reddish sore — This alone was a sure token of the dreadful disease. Hence no seven days’ quarantine was enjoined; he is utterly unclean.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Leviticus 13 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
But if there is a reddish-white sore on the bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on it.
But if a reddish-white plague is in the bald head or the bald forehead, it is leprosy breaking out in his bald head or his bald forehead.
But if there is a reddish-white sore on the bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on it.
But if there is a reddish white infection in the back or front bald area, it is a disease breaking out in his back or front bald area.
Tyndale line
And if there be in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white reddish sore; it is a leprosy sprung up in his bald head, or his bald forehead.
But if there be in the bald head, or the bald forehead, a reddish-white plague; it is leprosy breaking out in his bald head, or his bald forehead.
But if there be in the bald head, or the bald forehead, a reddish-white plague; it is leprosy breaking out in his bald head, or his bald forehead.
And if there is in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white reddish sore; it is a leprosy sprung up on his bald head, or his bald forehead.
But if there be in the balde head, or in the balde forehead a white reddish sore, it is a leprosie springing in his balde head, or in his balde forehead.
Strictly literal
And if there be in the bald head, or bald forehead, a white-reddish sore, it is a leprosy which hath broken out in his bald head, or his bald forehead.
'And when there is in the bald back of the head, or in the bald forehead, a very red white plague, it [is] a leprosy breaking out in the bald back of the head, or in the bald forehead;
And when there is in the bald back of the head, or in the bald forehead, a reddish-white plague, it [is] a leprosy breaking out in the bald back of the head, or in the bald forehead;
But if there be on the bald head, or the bald forehead, an eruption, white and dark red: it is the leprosy sprung up on his bald head, or his bald forehead.
But if there is a reddish-white sore on his bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease that has broken out.
From the Latin
But if in the bald head or in the bald forehead there be risen a white or reddish colour,
Simplified
But if a reddish-white sore appears on his bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease developing.
But if, on his head or on his brow, where he has no hair, there is a red and white place, it is the disease of the leper coming out on his head or on his brow.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which matches 13 of the 14 words. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs by one word, using היא (she) instead of the masculine form, while the Dead Sea Scrolls show some restoration and partial matches, indicating variations in transmission.
וְכִֽי־ יִהְיֶ֤ה בַקָּרַ֙חַת֙ א֣וֹ בַגַּבַּ֔חַת נֶ֖גַע לָבָ֣ן אֲדַמְדָּ֑ם צָרַ֤עַת פֹּרַ֙חַת֙ הִ֔וא בְּקָרַחְתּ֖וֹ א֥וֹ בְגַבַּחְתּֽוֹ׃
13 of the 14 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
או כי יהיה בקרחתו או בגבחתו נגע לבן אדמדם צרעת פרחת היא בקרחתו או בגבחתו
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: היא (she)
[וכי] [יהיה] בקרחת׳ו או [בגבחת] [נגע] [לבנ] [אדמדמ] [צרעת] [פרחת] [הוא] [בקרחת׳ו] [או] [בגבחת׳ו]
1 word on the leather — 1 partly restored, 12 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Leviticus 13:42
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj | Conj — Conjunction · particleHC/Tc
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
קָרַ֫חַת (qarachath) refers to a bald spot, specifically on the back of the head. It can also denote a threadbare area on fabric. The term is derived from a root meaning 'to be bald' and is primarily associated with baldness in the context of the head.
קָרַ֫חַת n.f. baldness of head
base
H7146 קָרַ֫חַת
7146 qarachath kaw-rakh'-ath
from 7139; a bald spot (on the back of the head);
figuratively, a threadbare spot (on the back side of the
cloth):--bald head, bare within.
see HEBREW for 07139
קָרַ֫חַת (qa.ra.chat) — baldness.
baldness of head, back baldness, bald spot
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHRd/Ncfsa
The Hebrew word אוֹ (*'ow*) primarily functions as a conjunction meaning 'or,' often indicating a preference or choice between options. It can also introduce examples, express conditions, or imply alternatives. Additionally, it is associated with the noun meaning 'desire' in Proverbs 31:4. The entries reflect a range of uses, but do not present significant disagreement.
אוֹ 320 conj. or
sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather
introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if
if perchance
once, with the juss. = except
base
[אֵו] n.m. אוֹ, Kt Pr 31:4 desire, so Thes MV; but < Qr אֵי q.v.
done
H176 אוֹ or . sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather
. introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if
. if perchance
. once, with the juss. = except
176 'ow o
presumed to be the "constructive" or genitival form of -av
{av}; short for 185; desire (and so probably in Prov. 31:4);
hence (by way of alternative) or, also if:--also, and,
either, if, at the least, X nor, or, otherwise, then, whether.
see HEBREW for 0185
אוֹ (o) — or.
1) or, rather
1a) implying that the latter choice is preferred
1b) or if, introducing an example to be seen under a particular principle
1c) (in series) either...or, whether...or
1d) if perchance
1e) except, or else
2) whether, not the least, if, otherwise, also, and, then
אוֹ (o) — desire.
desire
Conj — ConjunctionHC
or: The word is used once for either (1Sa 26:10), and is still in poetic use in this sense; as in, "Without or wave or wind" (Coleridge); "Or the bakke or some bone he breketh in his dzouthe" (Piers Plowman (B), VII, 93; compare Merchant of Venice, III, ii, 65). It is also used with "ever" for before (Ps 90:2; Ecclesiasticus 18:19), which the American Standard Revised Version substitutes in Ec 12:6 (compare 12:1,2); So 6:12; Da 6:24.
גַּבַּ֫חַת (gabbachath) refers to baldness, specifically a bald forehead or a bare spot. It is derived from a related term indicating baldness and can also describe a bare area on cloth. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to baldness.
גַּבַּ֫חַת n.f. bald forehead
base
H1372 גַּבַּ֫חַת
1372 gabbachath gab-bakh'-ath
from the same as 1371; baldness in the forehead; by analogy,
a bare spot on the right side of cloth:--bald forehead, X
without.
see HEBREW for 01371
גַּבַּ֫חַת (gab.ba.chat) — baldness.
bald forehead, bald, a bare spot
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHRd/Ncfsa
for'-ed (metsach; metopon):
(1) In a literal sense the word is used frequently in the Scriptures. Aaron and after him every high priest was to wear on the forehead the golden frontlet having the engraved motto, "Holy to Yahweh" (Ex 28:36,38). The condition of the forehead was an important criterion in the diagnosis of leprosy by the priest (Le 13:42,43; 2Ch 26:20). It was in the forehead that brave young David smote Goliath with the stone from his sling (1Sa 17:49). The faulty translation of the King James Version in Eze 16:12 has been corrected in the Revised Version (British and American), reference being had in the…
Forehead
The practice common among Oriental nations of colouring the forehead or impressing on it some distinctive mark as a sign of devotion to some deity is alluded to in Rev. 13:16, 17; 14:9; 17:5; 20:4.
The “jewel on thy forehead” mentioned in Ezek. 16:12 (R.V., “a ring upon thy nose”) was in all probability the “nose-ring” (Isa. 3:21).
In Ezek. 3:7 the word “impudent” is rightly rendered in the Revised Version “an hard forehead.” (See also ver. 8, 9.)
The practice of veiling the face (forehead) in public for women of the high classes, especially married women, in the East, sufficiently stigmatizes with reproach the unveiled face of women of bad character. (Genesis 24:64; Jeremiah 3:3) The custom among many Oriental nations both of coloring the face and forehead and of impressing on the body marks indicative of devotion to some special deity or religious sect is mentioned elsewhere. The "jewels for the forehead," mentioned by Ezekiel, (Ezekiel 16:12) and in margin of Authorized Version, (Genesis 24:22) were in all probability nose-rings. (Isaiah 3:21)
Eze 9:1-11; Re 7:3. The devotees of different idols in India receive at this day different marks on the forehead, distinguishing them one from another. By a similar method the slaves claimed by different owners were sometimes designated.
נֶ֫גַע (nega`) refers to a stroke or plague, often associated with disease or a mark, particularly in the context of leprosy. It is built from the root meaning 'to strike' and encompasses various forms of affliction, including wounds and spots. The term captures both literal and metaphorical implications of injury or illness.
נֶ֫גַע 78 n.m. stroke, plague, mark, plague-spot
base
H5061 נֶ֫גַע stroke, plague, mark, plague-spot
5061 nega` neh'-gah
from 5060; a blow (figuratively, infliction); also (by
implication) a spot (concretely, a leprous person or
dress):--plague, sore, stricken, stripe, stroke, wound.
see HEBREW for 05060
נֶ֫גַע (ne.ga) — plague.
1) stroke, plague, disease, mark, plague spot
1a) stroke, wound
1b) stroke (metaphorical of disease)
1c) mark (of leprosy)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
plag (negha`, makkah, maggephah; mastix, plege): This word which occurs more than 120 times is applied, like pestilence, to such sudden outbursts of disease as are regarded in the light of divine visitations. It is used in the description of leprosy about 60 times in Le 13 and 14, as well as in De 24:8. In the poetical, prophetic and eschatological books it occurs about 20 times in the general sense of a punitive disaster. The Gospel references (Mr 3:10; 5:29,34; Lu 7:21) use the word as a synonym for disease.
The specific disease now named "plague" has been from the earliest historic times a frequent visitant to Palestine and Egypt. Indeed in the Southeast between Gaza and Bubastis it has occurred so frequently that it may…
Plague
A “stroke” of affliction, or disease. Sent as a divine chastisement (Num. 11:33; 14:37; 16:46-49; 2 Sam. 24:21). Painful afflictions or diseases, (Lev. 13:3, 5, 30; 1 Kings 8:37), or severe calamity (Mark 5:29; Luke 7:21), or the judgment of God, so called (Ex. 9:14). Plagues of Egypt were ten in number.
(1.) The river Nile was turned into blood, and the fish died, and the river stank, so that the Egyptians loathed to drink of the river (Ex. 7:14-25).
See PESTILENCE.
→ As a judgment on the Egyptians Ps 105; 135:8,9; Ac 7:36
→ The plague of
Blood Ex 7:14-25
Frogs Ex 8:1-15
Lice Ex 8:16-19
Flies Ex 8:20
→ On cattle Ex 9:1-7
→ Of boils and open sores Ex 9:8-12
→ Hail Ex 9:18-34
→ Locusts Ex 10:1-20
→ Darkness Ex 10:21-23
→ Death of the firstborn Ex 11:4-7; 12:17,29,30
לָבָן (lavan) means 'white' in Hebrew. It is derived from the root word לָבַן (lavan), which also conveys the same meaning. The term is used in contexts such as Genesis 49:12, where it describes color.
לָבָן adj. white
base
H3836 לָבָן white
3836 laban law-bawn'
or (Gen. 49:12) laben {law-bane'}; from 3835; white:--white.
see HEBREW for 03835
לָבָן (la.van) — white.
white
Adj — AdjHAamsa
hwit.
See COLORS.
White
A symbol of purity (2 Chr. 5:12; Ps. 51:7; Isa. 1:18; Rev. 3:18; 7:14). Our Lord, at his transfiguration, appeared in raiment “white as the light” (Matt. 17:2, etc.).
→ See COLOR
אֲדַמְדָּם (adamdam) is an adjective meaning 'reddish.' It is derived from a reduplicated form of another Hebrew word for 'red' and is specifically noted in relation to leprous sores. The term captures a specific shade of red, indicating a somewhat reddish appearance.
אֲדַמְדָּם adj. reddish of leprous sores
base
H125 אֲדַמְדָּם
125 'adamdam ad-am-dawm'
reduplicated from 119; reddish:--(somewhat) reddish.
see HEBREW for 0119
אֲדַמְדָּם (a.dam.dam) — reddish.
reddish, be reddish
HAamsa — HAamsa
צָרַ֫עַת (tsara`ath) means leprosy, referring to a malignant skin disease in people, as well as mildew or mold in clothing and buildings. It is derived from the root word for 'to be stricken' and appears in contexts related to purity laws in Leviticus.
צָרַ֫עַת 35 n.f. leprosy
base
H6883 צָרַ֫עַת leprosy
6883 tsara`ath tsaw-rah'-ath
from 6879; leprosy:--leprosy.
see HEBREW for 06879
צָרַ֫עַת (tsa.ra.at) — leprosy.
1) leprosy
1a) in people, malignant skin disease (Le 13:1-14:57)
1b) in clothing, a mildew or mould (Le 13:47-52)
1c) in buildings, a mildew or mould (Le 14:34-53)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
The Hebrew word פָּרַח (*pa.rach*) is a primitive root that encompasses several meanings, primarily related to growth and emergence. It can mean to bud, sprout, or shoot, as well as to break out in the context of leprosy or similar eruptions. Additionally, it has a sense of flying, particularly in an Aramaic context. The entries highlight its use in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil.
פָּרַח vb. bud, sprout, shoot
Qal bud, sprout, send out shoots, of vine
Hiph.
cause to bud or sprout
shew buds, sprouts, of tree
base
פָּרַח vb. break out, of leprosy and like eruptions
base
[פָּרַח] vb. fly, Aramaism
base
H6524a פָּרַח bud, sprout, shoot H6524b פָּרַח break out, of leprosy and like eruptions H6524c פָּרַח fly, Aramaism
6524 parach paw-rakh'
a primitive root; to break forth as a bud, i.e. bloom;
generally, to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the
wings); figuratively, to flourish:--X abroad, X abundantly,
blossom, break forth (out), bud, flourish, make fly, grow,
spread, spring (up).
פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to sprout.
1) to bud, sprout, shoot, bloom
1a) (Qal) to bud, sprout, send out shoots, blossom
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to bud or sprout
1b2) to show buds or sprouts
פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to break out.
(Qal) to break out (of leprosy)
פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to fly.
(Qal) to fly (Aramaism)
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) feminine singularHVqrfsa
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3fs
קָרַ֫חַת (qarachath) refers to a bald spot, specifically on the back of the head. It can also denote a threadbare area on fabric. The term is derived from a root meaning 'to be bald' and is primarily associated with baldness in the context of the head.
קָרַ֫חַת n.f. baldness of head
base
H7146 קָרַ֫חַת
7146 qarachath kaw-rakh'-ath
from 7139; a bald spot (on the back of the head);
figuratively, a threadbare spot (on the back side of the
cloth):--bald head, bare within.
see HEBREW for 07139
קָרַ֫חַת (qa.ra.chat) — baldness.
baldness of head, back baldness, bald spot
Prep | N-fs | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word אוֹ (*'ow*) primarily functions as a conjunction meaning 'or,' often indicating a preference or choice between options. It can also introduce examples, express conditions, or imply alternatives. Additionally, it is associated with the noun meaning 'desire' in Proverbs 31:4. The entries reflect a range of uses, but do not present significant disagreement.
אוֹ 320 conj. or
sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather
introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if
if perchance
once, with the juss. = except
base
[אֵו] n.m. אוֹ, Kt Pr 31:4 desire, so Thes MV; but < Qr אֵי q.v.
done
H176 אוֹ or . sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather
. introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if
. if perchance
. once, with the juss. = except
176 'ow o
presumed to be the "constructive" or genitival form of -av
{av}; short for 185; desire (and so probably in Prov. 31:4);
hence (by way of alternative) or, also if:--also, and,
either, if, at the least, X nor, or, otherwise, then, whether.
see HEBREW for 0185
אוֹ (o) — or.
1) or, rather
1a) implying that the latter choice is preferred
1b) or if, introducing an example to be seen under a particular principle
1c) (in series) either...or, whether...or
1d) if perchance
1e) except, or else
2) whether, not the least, if, otherwise, also, and, then
אוֹ (o) — desire.
desire
HC — ConjunctionHC
or: The word is used once for either (1Sa 26:10), and is still in poetic use in this sense; as in, "Without or wave or wind" (Coleridge); "Or the bakke or some bone he breketh in his dzouthe" (Piers Plowman (B), VII, 93; compare Merchant of Venice, III, ii, 65). It is also used with "ever" for before (Ps 90:2; Ecclesiasticus 18:19), which the American Standard Revised Version substitutes in Ec 12:6 (compare 12:1,2); So 6:12; Da 6:24.
גַּבַּ֫חַת (gabbachath) refers to baldness, specifically a bald forehead or a bare spot. It is derived from a related term indicating baldness and can also describe a bare area on cloth. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to baldness.
גַּבַּ֫חַת n.f. bald forehead
base
H1372 גַּבַּ֫חַת
1372 gabbachath gab-bakh'-ath
from the same as 1371; baldness in the forehead; by analogy,
a bare spot on the right side of cloth:--bald forehead, X
without.
see HEBREW for 01371
גַּבַּ֫חַת (gab.ba.chat) — baldness.
bald forehead, bald, a bare spot
HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms — Preposition · noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
