Job 36:17 — Word Study
WLCוְדִין־ רָשָׁ֥ע מָלֵ֑אתָ דִּ֖ין וּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יִתְמֹֽכוּ׃
BSABut now you are ladenmâlêʼ■ [filled, preoccupied] with the judgmentdîyn [a legal suit] due the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty of sin] judgmentdîyn [a cause, a plea] and justicemishpâṭ [righteousness, God's righteous judgment] have seized youtâmak▸ [grasped, taken hold]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְדִין־ | and judgment of | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| רָשָׁ֥ע | [the] wicked | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מָלֵ֑אתָ | you are full | Verb, Qal, perfect second person masculine singular |
| דִּ֖ין | judgment | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט | and justice | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| יִתְמֹֽכוּ׃ | they take hold of [you] | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | But now you are laden with the judgment due the wicked; judgment and justice have seized you. |
| KJV | But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee. |
| ASV | But thou art full of the judgment of the wicked: Judgment and justice take hold on thee. |
| YLT | And the judgment of the wicked thou hast fulfilled, Judgment and justice are upheld — because of fury, |
| WEB | “But you are full of the judgment of the wicked. Judgment and justice take hold of you. |
| BBE | ... |
Where they part company is דִּין — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has one main clause followed by several phrases that elaborate on the burden Job carries.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָלֵא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 36:17
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Elihu's Speech on Divine Justicegenerated
Job 36:17 is part of Elihu's discourse on God's justice, highlighting that Job is burdened with the judgment that is rightfully due to the wicked. Elihu emphasizes the seriousness of divine justice and the consequences of wrongdoing, aiming to redirect Job's focus from his suffering to the righteousness of God. This section serves as a reminder of the moral order established by God, which is often reflected in the experiences of humanity, including Job's own trials.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 16:5 | But I would encourage you with my mouth, and the consolation of my lips would bring relief. |
| 2 | Job 34:8–36 | He keeps company with evildoers and walks with wicked men. |
| 3 | Romans 1:32 | Although they know God’s righteous decree that those who do such things are worthy of death, they not only continue to do these things, but also approve of those who practice them. |
| 4 | Revelation 18:4 | Then I heard another voice from heaven say: “Come out of her, My people, so that you will not share in her sins or contract any of her plagues. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מָלֵ֑אתָ, ma.Le.tagenerated
The verb מָלֵא (male') means 'to fill' or 'be full', indicating that Job is overwhelmed or preoccupied with the judgment against the wicked. This word suggests a complete saturation, implying that Job's current state is not just a minor burden but a significant weight upon him.
The perfect tense indicates a completed action, suggesting that Job is presently experiencing the fullness of this judgment, which has now taken hold of him. This emphasizes the ongoing impact of judgment in his life.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs are מָלֵ֑אתָ (you are full) and יִתְמֹֽכוּ (they take hold of). The first verb establishes the state of being laden, while the second verb indicates the action that has seized Job.
The structure of the verse presents Job's condition first, followed by the actions of judgment and justice, emphasizing the weight of the burden before describing the nature of that burden.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates דִּין as κρίμα (krima), meaning 'judgment' or 'verdict'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning but may carry a slightly more legalistic connotation.
The use of κρίμα suggests a focus on the formal aspect of judgment, which may reflect the translators' intent to highlight the legal implications of divine justice in this context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 36:17 tells us that Job is burdened with the judgment that is due to the wicked. Elihu explains that judgment and justice have seized him, indicating that Job's suffering is linked to a larger moral order.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To be laden with judgment means to carry a heavy burden of accountability for one's actions, particularly in the context of moral wrongdoing.
Elihu emphasizes God's justice and the moral order, suggesting that Job's suffering is a result of his connection to the wicked, while Job is focused on his own innocence and suffering.
Justice is portrayed as an active force that has seized Job, indicating that it is not just a concept but something that has tangible effects on his life.
Judgment and justice are interconnected; judgment refers to the determination of right and wrong, while justice is the execution of that judgment in a fair and righteous manner.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the consequences of my actions reflected in my life?
- How can I better understand the concept of divine justice in my own experiences?
- What burdens am I carrying that may be related to judgments I have faced?
- How can I seek justice in my interactions with others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Gregory the Dialogist comments on the implications of judgment in this verse, arguing from it to illustrate the distinction between the causes of the wicked and the righteous.
But thy cause hath been judged as the cause of the ungodly, thou shall receive thy cause and judgment. The cause of the good, is righteousness.Early Church Fathers on Job 36 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 36:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBut thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked,.... Some (w) take this to be a continuation of the happiness Job would have enjoyed, had he behaved in his affliction as he ought to have done;
Read John Gill on Job 36 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBut thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 36 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe judgment; or, the cause, or sentence, as the word most properly signifieth. Thou hast fully pleaded their cause, and justified the hard and reproachful speeches which wicked men in their rage utter against God, condemning God and justifying themselves. Judgment and justice take hold on thee; or, therefore (which is oft understood) the sentence and judgment (or, the judicial sentence, to wit, of the wicked now mentioned) shall take hold on thee. Thou hast maintained their cause against God, and God shall pass against thee their sentence, or the sentence of condemnation due to such wicked men.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 36 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 36:17 But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold [on thee].Ver. 17. But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked] But thou contrariwise blusterest against God, and blurtest out such words, that thou seemest to be as bad as the worst, and to have little or no goodness in thee. See Job 34:8. It is a shame to God’ s holy people to symbolize with the wicked, to be carnal in their speeches or carriages, and to walk as men, 2 Corinthians 3:3. They should so speak and so do as those that shall be judged by the law of liberty, James 2:12. Judgment and justice take hold of thee] Thou art worthily attached by the Divine justice, which thou hast…
Read John Trapp on Job 36 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 17. But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked] As thou art acting like the wicked, so God deals with thee as he deals with them. Elihu is not a whit behind Job's other friends. None of them seems to have known any thing of the permission given by God to Satan to afflict and torment an innocent man.
Read AdamClarke on Job 36 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges17. The A. V. takes this verse positively; it is more suitable to the connexion and purpose of the speaker to understand it conditionally—if thou art filled with, or as A. V. fulfillest. To be full of, or to fulfil, the judgment of the wicked, is to join the wicked in their judgment of God when He afflicts, to lay up wrath against God (Job 36:13), an idea immediately taken up in Job 36:18. If Job acts in this way, as he is too much inclined (Job 36:21), then judgment and justice shall keep hold on him. God’s condemnation of him will reveal itself in the continuance and increase of his chastisement (cf. Job 36:13-14, ch. Job 5:1 seq.). The word “judgment” is used in the one clause of man’s…
Read Cambridge on Job 36 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBut thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked - Rosenmuller explains this as meaning, “If under divine inflictions and chastisements you wish to imitate the obduracy of the wicked, then the
Read Albert Barnes on Job 36 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible17. But thou hast fulfilled — But if thou art filled with the judgment of the wicked, then will judgment and justice take hold, (on thee,) or, as others read, “hold fast together,” that is, being
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 36 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
But now you are laden with the judgment due the wicked; judgment and justice have seized you.
“But you are full of the judgment of the wicked. Judgment and justice take hold of you.
But now you are laden with the judgment due the wicked; judgment and justice have seized you.
But now you are preoccupied with the judgment due the wicked, judgment and justice take hold of you.
Tyndale line
But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee.
But thou art full of the judgment of the wicked: Judgment and justice take hold on thee.
But thou art full of the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee.
But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee .
But thou art ful of the iudgement of the wicked, though iudgement and equitie maintaine all things.
Strictly literal
But thou art full of the judgments of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold [on thee].
And the judgment of the wicked thou hast fulfilled, Judgment and justice are upheld — because of fury,
And you have fulfilled the judgment of the wicked, || Judgment and justice are upheld because of fury,
But if thou art full of the judgment of the wicked: [divine] judgment and decree will support each other.
But you are full of judgment on wicked people; judgment and justice have laid hold of you.
From the Latin
Thy cause hath been judged as that of the wicked, cause and judgment thou shalt recover.
Simplified
But you are preoccupied with the fate of the wicked; judgment and justice fill your mind.
...
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as וְדִין־ רָשָׁ֥ע מָלֵ֑אתָ דִּ֖ין וּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יִתְמֹֽכוּ׃, while the Septuagint matches only one of the six words, indicating a significant divergence in translation. The Dead Sea Scrolls show a partial restoration, with some words supplied by an editor, but align closely with the Masoretic Text in meaning.
וְדִין־ רָשָׁ֥ע מָלֵ֑אתָ דִּ֖ין וּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יִתְמֹֽכוּ׃
1 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[ודין] [רשע] מלאת [דין] [ומשפט] [יתמכו]
nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 36:17
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
דִּין (din) primarily means 'judgment' and encompasses concepts such as legal suits, causes, and strife. It can also refer to a throne of judgment or government. The word is built from a root related to justice and legal proceedings, and its Aramaic equivalent is also דִּין.
דִּין n.[m.] judgment
throne of judgment
cause, plea
judgment, condemnation
strife
government
base
H1779 דִּין judgment . throne of judgment
. cause, plea
. judgment, condemnation
. strife
. government
1779 duwn doon
from 1777; judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or
tribunal); by impl. also strife:--cause, judgement, plea,
strife.
see HEBREW for 01777
דִּין (din) — judgment.
1) judgment
1a) judgment
1b) cause, plea
1c) condemnation, judgment
1d) dispute, legal suit, strife
1e) government
Aramaic equivalent: din (דִּין "judgment" H1780)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.
רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal
base
H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal
7563 rasha` raw-shaw'
from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad
person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did
wrong.
see HEBREW for 07561
רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.
1) wicked, criminal
1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
1b) wicked (hostile to God)
1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
מָלֵא (male') means 'to fill' or 'be full,' with applications ranging from literal filling to figurative uses like accomplishing or completing something. It appears in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances such as being satisfied or confirming. Notably, it can also refer to massing against someone.
מָלֵא 249 vb. be full, fill
Qal 99
be full, usu. c. acc. material
trans. fill
Niph.
be filled
be accomplished, ended
Pi.
fill
special uses are:
fulfil, accomplish, complete, obj. week, year, day
Pu. filled
Hithp. mass themselves against me
base
H4390 מָלֵא be full, fill .. be full, usu. c. acc. material
. trans. fill
. . be filled
. be accomplished, ended
. . fill
. special uses are:
. fulfil, accomplish, complete, obj. week, year, day
. filled
. mass themselves against me
4390 male' maw-lay'
or malae (Esth. 7:5) {maw-law'}; a primitive root, to fill or
(intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally
and figuratively):--accomplish, confirm, + consecrate, be at
an end, be expired, be fenced, fill, fulfil, (be, become, X
draw, give in, go) full(-ly, -ly set, tale), (over-)flow,
fulness, furnish, gather (selves, together), presume,
replenish, satisfy, set, space, take a (hand-)full, + have
wholly.
מָלֵא (ma.le) — to fill.
1) to fill, be full
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be full
1a1a) fulness, abundance (participle)
1a1b) to be full, be accomplished, be ended
1a2) to consecrate, fill the hand
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be filled, be armed, be satisfied
1b2) to be accomplished, be ended
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to fill
1c2) to satisfy
1c3) to fulfil, accomplish, complete
1c4) to confirm
1d) (Pual) to be filled
1e) (Hithpael) to mass themselves against
Aramaic equivalent: me.la (מְלָא "to fill" H4391)
V-Qal-Perf-2ms — Verb · Qal · perfect second person masculine singularHVqp2ms
דִּין (din) primarily means 'judgment' and encompasses concepts such as legal suits, causes, and strife. It can also refer to a throne of judgment or government. The word is built from a root related to justice and legal proceedings, and its Aramaic equivalent is also דִּין.
דִּין n.[m.] judgment
throne of judgment
cause, plea
judgment, condemnation
strife
government
base
H1779 דִּין judgment . throne of judgment
. cause, plea
. judgment, condemnation
. strife
. government
1779 duwn doon
from 1777; judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or
tribunal); by impl. also strife:--cause, judgement, plea,
strife.
see HEBREW for 01777
דִּין (din) — judgment.
1) judgment
1a) judgment
1b) cause, plea
1c) condemnation, judgment
1d) dispute, legal suit, strife
1e) government
Aramaic equivalent: din (דִּין "judgment" H1780)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
Is put, in Mt 5:21,22, for a court of judgment, a tribunal, namely, the tribunal of seven judges, which Josephus mentions as existing in every city, and which decided causes of minor importance. See under SYNAGOGUE.
For the expression, "judgment-hall," see PRETORIUM.
THE DAY OF JUDGMENT, for which the word "judgment" alone is sometimes used, is that great day, at the end of the world and of time, when Christ shall sit as judge over all the universe, and when every individual of the human race will be judged and recompensed according to his works, whether they be good or evil. The time of its coming and its duration are known only to God. It will break upon the world suddenly, and with a glorious but awful majesty. It will witness the perfect vindication of all the ways of God. The revelation of his justice, appalling but unstained…
→ THE GENERAL 1Ch 16:33; Job 14:17; 21:30; 31:13-15; Ps 9:7; 50:3-6; 96:13; 98:9; Ec 3:17; 11:9; 12:14; Eze 18:20-28; Da 7:9,10; Am 4:12; Mt 3:12; 7:22,23; 8:29; 10:15; 11:22; 12:36,37,41,42; 13:30,40-43,49,50; 16:27; 22:11-13; 23:14; 25:1-46; Mr 4:22; 8:38; 13:32; Lu 3:17; 10:10-14; 11:31,32; 12:2-5; 13:24-29; 19:12-26; 20:45-47;
The Hebrew word מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) primarily means judgment or justice and encompasses various aspects such as legal rights, ordinances, and decisions. It is derived from a root meaning to pronounce a verdict, covering both human and divine law. The entries highlight its application in legal contexts, including the act of deciding cases and the attributes of justice and rectitude.
מִשְׁפָּט 422 n.m. judgment
judgment
justice, right, rectitude
ordinance
decision
one's (legal) right, privilege, due
proper, fitting, measure
custom, manner
what manner of
plan
base
H4941 מִשְׁפָּט judgment . judgment
. justice, right, rectitude
. ordinance
. decision
. one's (legal) right, privilege, due
. . proper, fitting, measure
. custom, manner
. what manner of
. plan
4941 mishpat mish-pawt'
from 8199; properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable)
pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree
(human or (participant's) divine law, individual or
collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the
crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice, including a
participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or
even a style:--+ adversary, ceremony, charge, X crime,
custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due,
fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly),
(manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order,
ordinance, right, sentence, usest, X worthy, + wrong.
see HEBREW for 08199
מִשְׁפָּט (mish.pat) — justice: judgement.
: judgement/punishment
1) judgment, justice, ordinance
1a) judgment
1a1) act of deciding a case
1a2) place, court, seat of judgment
1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges)
1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment)
1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment)
1a6) execution (of judgment)
1a7) time (of judgment)
1b) justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man)
1c) ordinance
1d) decision (in law)
1e) right, privilege, due (legal)
1f) proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan
מִשְׁפָּט (mish.pat) — justice.
: justice/right/righteousness
1) judgment, justice, ordinance
1a) judgment
1a1) act of deciding a case
1a2) place, court, seat of judgment
1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges)
1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment)
1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment)
1a6) execution (of judgment)
1a7) time (of judgment)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
jus'-tis (tsedhaqah; tsedheq; dikaiosune): The original Hebrew and Greek words are the same as those rendered "righteousness." This is the common rendering, and in about half the cases where we have "just" and "justice" in the King James Version, the American Standard Revised Version has changed to "righteous" and "righteousness." It must be constantly borne in mind that the two ideas are essentially the same.
See RIGHTEOUSNESS.
1. Human Justice:
Justice had primarily to do with conduct in relation to others, especially with regard to the rights of others. It is applied to business, where just weights and measures are demanded (Le 19:35,36; De 25:13-16; Am 8:5; Pr 11:1; 16:11…
Justice
Is rendering to every one that which is his due. It has been distinguished from equity in this respect, that while justice means merely the doing what positive law demands, equity means the doing of what is fair and right in every separate case.
A principle of righteousness and equity, controlling our conduct, and securing a due regard to all the rights of others-their persons, property, character, and interests. It has to do, not with pecuniary transactions alone, but with all our intercourse with society. It forms a chief element of the character approved in God’s word; and a truly just man has but to "love mercy, and walk humbly with God," to fulfil all righteousness. Justice in magistrates, rulers, and judges, must be fearless and impartial, and all its decisions such as will bear revision before the court of heaven, De 1:16,17 2Sa 23:3 2Ch 19:6-10. Judgement is peculiarly the prerogative of God, and every earthly tribunal lies under the shadow of the "great white…
→ General scriptures concerning Ex 23:1-3,6-8; Le 19:13-15; De 16:18-20; 25:1-4; Ezr 7:26; Ps 72:1,2; 82:2-4; Pr 17:15,26; 18:5,17; 20:8; 22:27; 24:23; 28:21; 29:26; Ec 3:16,17; 5:8; 7:7; Isa 1:17; 56:1; 59:14,15; Jer 22:1-4; La 3:35,36; Am 5:7,11,12;
The Hebrew word תָּמַךְ (tamak) is a primitive root meaning to grasp, support, or attain. It covers actions like holding fast, maintaining, and helping. The Qal form includes meanings such as to hold up or keep, while the Niphal form suggests being seized or held. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
[תָּמַךְ] vb. grasp, support, attain
Qal
grasp, lay hold of
hold up, support
hold, keep
Niph. in the cords of his sin is he seized
base
H8551 תָּמַךְ grasp, support, attain
8551 tamak taw-mak'
a primitive root; to sustain; by implication, to obtain, keep
fast; figuratively, to help, follow close:--(take, up-)hold
(up), maintain, retain, stay (up).
תָּמַךְ (ta.makh) — to grasp.
1) to grasp, hold, support, attain, lay hold of, hold fast
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to grasp, lay hold of, attain
1a2) to hold up, support
1a3) to hold, keep
1a4) to take hold of each other
1b) (Niphal) to be seized, be held
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp