Job 28:8 — Word Study
WLCלֹֽא־ הִדְרִיכֻ֥הוּ בְנֵי־ שָׁ֑חַץ לֹֽא־ עָדָ֖ה עָלָ֣יו שָֽׁחַל׃
BSAProud beastsbên [majestic, fierce, sons of pride, wild animals] have neverlôʼ [at no time] trodden itdârak■ [walked, stepped] nolôʼ [not one] lionshachal has ever prowledʻâdâh■ [nor at any time, passed by, walked] over itʻal [upon, above]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| לֹֽא־ | not | Particle |
| הִדְרִיכֻ֥הוּ | they tread it | Verb hiphil perfect third person common plural, suffix |
| בְנֵי־ | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| שָׁ֑חַץ | pride | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| לֹֽא־ | not | Particle |
| עָדָ֖ה | it passes by | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| עָלָ֣יו | on it | Preposition, suffix |
| שָֽׁחַל׃ | a lion | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Proud beasts have never trodden it; no lion has ever prowled over it. |
| KJV | The lion’s whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it. |
| ASV | The proud beasts have not trodden it, Nor hath the fierce lion passed thereby. |
| YLT | Nor trodden it have the sons of pride, Not passed over it hath the fierce lion. |
| WEB | The proud animals have not trodden it, nor has the fierce lion passed by there. |
| BBE | The great beasts have not gone over it, and the cruel lion has not taken that way. |
Where they part company is שָׁ֑חַץ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause followed by a subordinate phrase, emphasizing the absence of both proud beasts and lions on the path of wisdom.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectשַׁחַל
verbעָדָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 28:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Search for Wisdomgenerated
Job 28:8 reflects on the elusive nature of wisdom, stating that even the proudest beasts and the fiercest lions have never trodden the path of wisdom. This passage emphasizes the idea that true wisdom is beyond the reach of those who rely solely on their strength or pride. Job contrasts the might of animals with the hidden treasures of understanding that lie in God's creation, suggesting that wisdom is a divine gift rather than a human achievement.
Cross References
The Key Word — שָׁ֑חַץ, Sha.chatzgenerated
The word שַׁחַץ (shachatz) refers to pride or a haughty attitude, often associated with majestic wild beasts. It captures the essence of those who are fierce and powerful, like lions, suggesting a sense of nobility or strutting. This word appears only twice in the Old Testament, highlighting the unique context in which it is used here.
In this verse, it serves to illustrate that the proud and powerful have not ventured into the realm of wisdom, reinforcing the idea that true understanding is not achieved through might or arrogance.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb הִדְרִיכֻ֥הוּ (hidri.Khu.hu), meaning 'they tread it,' governs the main clause, with two phrases following: a noun phrase describing the subject (the proud beasts) and a prepositional phrase indicating the location (over it). The structure emphasizes the absence of these creatures on the path of wisdom.
The repetition of לֹֽא (lo') serves to strengthen the negation, underscoring that neither proud beasts nor lions have ever traversed this path.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew שָׁ֑חַץ is rendered as ἀλαζόνων (alazonōn), which translates to 'boasters' or 'proud ones.' This choice broadens the meaning, suggesting not only the physical might of animals but also the arrogance of those who boast in their strength.
This translation reflects an interpretation that connects pride with a broader human condition, emphasizing the futility of relying on prideful strength in the pursuit of wisdom.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 28:8 explains that proud and fierce animals have never walked the path of wisdom. This highlights that true understanding is not found through strength or pride, but is hidden from those who rely solely on their might.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It refers to powerful and majestic animals, symbolizing those who are strong and prideful, yet lacking in wisdom.
The lion represents strength and dominance, and by stating that even a lion has not trodden this path, Job underscores the idea that wisdom is beyond even the mightiest.
The path symbolizes the pursuit of wisdom, which is depicted as elusive and unattainable for those who rely on pride or strength.
It reflects Job's exploration of the nature of wisdom and the limitations of human understanding in contrast to divine wisdom.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see pride affecting my pursuit of wisdom?
- How can I cultivate humility in my search for understanding?
- What are some areas in my life where I rely too much on my own strength?
- How can I better recognize the wisdom that comes from God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early commentary from Gregory the Dialogist interprets this verse to illustrate the absence of prideful beings on the path of wisdom, emphasizing humility in the pursuit of understanding.
The children of the dealers have not trodden it, nor hath the lioness passed through it. In all the Latin copies we find the word 'Instructors' put down,Early Church Fathers on Job 28 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 28:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe lion's whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it.
Read John Gill on Job 28 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe lion's whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it. Lion's whelps - literally, the sons of pride [ bªneey (H1121) shaachats (H7830)] - i:e., the fiercest beasts.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 28 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe lion’ s whelps, Heb. the sons of pride; a fit name for lions, which are lofty and stately creatures, despising both men and all other beasts that oppose them. The fierce lion; which rangeth all places for prey, and findeth out the deepest dens and caves of the earth. The birds and beasts have ofttimes led men to such places as otherwise they should never have found out; but they could not lead men to these mines; but the finding out of them is a special gift of God, and an act of that wisdom which he hath put into man.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 28 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 28:8 The lion’ s whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it. Ver. 8. The lion’ s whelps have not trodden it] Heb. The children of pride, that is, saith Vatablus, belluae truces et immanes, fierce and cruel creatures, which yet pass through mountains and valleys and vast forests, but come not under ground, where these metals are; that is no part of their walk. Where the Vulgate had, his filii institorum here, Sons of the hucksters, Mercer cannot imagine, and his best patrons are hard put to it to defend him. Nor the fierce lion passed by it] Heb. The huge lion. There are seven names of lions observed in Scripture, whereof here are two in this verse, of like sound the…
Read John Trapp on Job 28 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. Neither have the proud wild beasts, which fearlessly penetrate into the darkest places, ever trodden that path. the lion’s whelps] Rather, the proud beasts, lit. sons of pride, ch. Job 41:34. passed by it] i. e. passed over it, walked it.
Read Cambridge on Job 28 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe lion’s whelps - The lion that ventures into the most dangerous places in pursuit of prey, has not dared to go where man has gone in pursuit of precious stones and gold.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 28 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible8. Lion’s whelps — Literally, sons of pride. Same as in Job 41:34.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 28 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Proud beasts have never trodden it; no lion has ever prowled over it.
The proud animals have not trodden it, nor has the fierce lion passed by there.
Proud beasts have never trodden it; no lion has ever prowled over it.
Proud beasts have not set foot on it, and no lion has passed along it.
Tyndale line
The lion’s whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it.
The proud beasts have not trodden it, Nor hath the fierce lion passed thereby.
The proud beasts have not trodden it, nor hath the fierce lion passed thereby.
The lion's whelps have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed by it.
The lyons whelpes haue not walked it, nor the lyon passed thereby.
Strictly literal
The proud beasts have not trodden it, nor the fierce lion passed over it.
Nor trodden it have the sons of pride, Not passed over it hath the fierce lion.
Nor have the sons of pride trodden it, || The fierce lion has not passed over it.
[Which] ravenous beasts have never trodden, over which the lion hath never passed.
The proud animals have not walked such a path, nor has the fierce lion passed there.
From the Latin
The children of the merchants have not trodden it, neither hath the lioness passed by it.
Simplified
No wild beasts have passed that way; the lion has not walked there.
The great beasts have not gone over it, and the cruel lion has not taken that way.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for Job 28:8, with all eight words matched. This indicates a consistent understanding of the text across these traditions.
לֹֽא־ הִדְרִיכֻ֥הוּ בְנֵי־ שָׁ֑חַץ לֹֽא־ עָדָ֖ה עָלָ֣יו שָֽׁחַל׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 28:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
דָּרַךְ (darakh) is a Hebrew verb meaning to tread or march. It encompasses a range of actions including walking, leading, and bending a bow. The word appears in various forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, indicating both simple and causative actions. Notably, it can refer to treading down or guiding others.
דָּרַךְ vb. tread, march
Qal
tread, march, march forth
tread upon
tread wine- (or oil-) press
tread (i.e. bend) the bow
Hiph.
tread, tread down
tread (bend) the bow
causat. cause to tread or march, lead
base
H1869 דָּרַךְ tread, march
1869 darak daw-rak'
a primitive root; to tread; by implication, to walk; also to
string a bow (by treading on it in bending):--archer, bend,
come, draw, go (over), guide, lead (forth), thresh, tread
(down), walk.
דָּרַךְ (da.rakh) — to tread.
1) to tread, bend, lead, march
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tread, march, march forth
1a2) to tread on, tread upon
1a3) to tread (a press)
1a4) to tread (bend) a bow
1a5) archer, bow-benders (participle)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to tread, tread down
1b2) to tread (bend with the foot) a bow
1b3) to cause to go, lead, march, tread
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp | Suff — Verb hiphil perfect third person common plural · suffixHVhp3cp/Sp3ms
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שַׁ֫חַץ (shachats) refers to pride or dignity, often associated with a haughty attitude. It is linked to majestic wild beasts, suggesting a sense of nobility or strutting. The entries indicate that it may derive from a root meaning to strut, but there is no clear consensus on its precise origin.
[שַׁ֫חַץ] n.[m.] dignity, pride;—
base
H7830 שַׁ֫חַץ
7830 shachats shakh'-ats
from an unused root apparently meaning to strut; haughtiness
(as evinced by the attitude):--X lion, pride.
שַׁ֫חַץ (sha.chats) — pride.
1) dignity, pride
1a) majestic wild beasts
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
→ General scriptures concerning Ex 18:10,11; Le 26:19; De 8:11-14,17-20; Jud 9:14,15; 1Sa 2:3-5; 1Ki 20:11; 2Ki 14:9,10; 2Ch 25:18,19; Job 11:12; 12:2,3; 13:2,5; 15:1-13; 18:3; 21:31,32; 32:9-13; 37:24; Ps 9:20; 10:2-6,11; 12:4; 18:27; 31:23; 49:11; 52:7; 73:6,8,9; 75:4-6; 101:5; 119:21,69,70,78; 138:6;
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
The Hebrew word עָדָה (*adah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to advance or pass on. It covers a range of meanings, including to remove and to adorn oneself. The entries indicate its use in contexts of both movement and decoration, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
עָדָה vb. pass on, advance
Qal the fierce lion hath not advanced
Hiph. removing a garment
base
עָדָה vb. ornament, deck oneself
base
H5710a עָדָה pass on, advance .the fierce lion hath not advanced
. removing a garment
H5710b עָדָה ornament, deck oneself
5710 `adah aw-daw'
a primitive root; to advance, i.e. pass on or continue;
causatively, to remove; specifically, to bedeck (i.e. bring an
ornament upon):--adorn, deck (self), pass by, take away.
עָדָה (a.dah) — to advance.
1) to pass on, advance, go on, pass by, remove
1a) (Qal) to pass on, put on
1b) (Hiphil) to remove
Aramaic equivalent: a.dah (עֲדָה "to pass on/over/away" H5709)
עָדָה (a.dah) — to adorn.
to ornament, deck oneself
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
In the sense of "against" which survives only in dialectal English (compare Wright, Dialect Dict., I, 470, for examples) is the King James Version rendering of the dative emauto of 1Co 4:4 (the American Standard Revised Version renders this "against"). In classical Greek the same idiom sunoida with dative = "be conscious" or "be cognizant of" a thing.
By
In the expression “by myself” (A.V., 1 Cor. 4:4), means, as rendered in the Revised Version, “against myself.”
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
שַׁ֫חַל (shachal) refers to a lion, often used in a poetic context. The term is likely derived from a root meaning to roar, emphasizing the lion's fierce nature. It can also figuratively refer to Jehovah or wicked men. The entries consistently define it as a lion without notable disagreement.
שַׁ֫חַל n.m. lion (poet.)
base
H7826 שַׁ֫חַל lion (poet.)
7826 shachal shakh'-al
from an unused root probably meaning to roar; a lion (from
his characteristic roar):--(fierce) lion.
שַׁ֫חַל (sha.chal) — lion.
1) lion
1a) of Jehovah, wicked men (fig)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
li'-un:
(1) Occurring most often in the Old Testament is 'aryeh, plural 'ardyoth. Another form, 'ari, plural 'arayim, is found less often.
1. Names:
Compare 'ari'el, "Ariel" (Ezr 8:16; Isa 29:1,2,7); char'el, "upper altar," and 'ari'el, "altar hearth" (Eze 43:15); 'aryeh, "Arieh" (2Ki 15:25); 'ar'eli, "Areli" and "Arelites" (Ge 46:16; Nu 26:17).
"The most powerful, daring and impressive of all carnivorous animals, the most magnificent in aspect and awful in voice." At present lions do not exist in Palestine; but they must in ancient times have been numerous. The lion of Palestine was in all probability the Asiatic variety, described by Aristotle and Pliny as distinguished by its short and curly mane, and by being shorter and rounder in shape, like the sculptured lion found at Arban. It was less daring than the longer named species, but when driven by hunger it not only ventured to attack the flocks in the desert in presence of the shepherd, (1 Samuel 17:34; Isaiah 31:4) but laid waste towns and villages, (2 Kings 17:25,26; Proverbs 22:13; 26:13) and devoured men.…
The well-known and noble king of beasts, frequently spoken of in Scripture. He often exceeds eight feet in length and four feet in height; and his majestic and dauntless aspect, his prodigious strength and agility, and his peculiar roar, make him the terror of the forests. Lions were common in Palestine, (See JORDAN,) and the Hebrews had seven different names for them, to distinguish the different ages, etc. Five of these occur together in Job 4:10,11. See also Na 2:11,12. The psalmist alludes to the stealthy creeping of the lion till he can spring upon his prey, when he says of the crafty wicked man, "He lieth in wait secretly as a lion in his den; .... he croucheth, and humbleth himself, that the poor may fall by his strong ones." The Bible reader will remember the exploits of…