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Job 24:10 — Word Study

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WLCעָר֣וֹם הִ֭לְּכוּ בְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וּ֝רְעֵבִ֗ים נָ֣שְׂאוּ עֹֽמֶר׃

BSAWithoutbᵉlîy [lacking, having no] clothinglᵉbûwsh [garments, covering] they wander abouthâlak [go around, walk] nakedʻârôwm [exposed, without covering] They carrynâsâʼ [lift, bear] the sheavesʻômer [bundles of grain, omers] but still go hungryrâʻêb [though hungry, in a state of want, are starving, without food]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 24
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 10 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('O.mer) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 24:10quick helps
In a sentenceJob describes the plight of the impoverished who lack clothing and food.
Who is speakingJob, reflecting on the suffering of the oppressed.
Where we areIn a poetic discourse about injustice and human suffering.
The hard wordעָרוֹם
Take awayThe stark reality of hunger and nakedness.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbהָלַךְ The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 24:10

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Reflection on Injusticegenerated

9The fatherless infant is snatched from the breast; the nursing child of the poor is seized for a debt.
10Without clothing, they wander about naked. They carry the sheaves, but still go hungry.
11They crush olives within their walls; they tread the winepresses, but go thirsty.
12From the city, men groan, and the souls of the wounded cry out, yet God charges no one with wrongdoing.

Job 24:10 illustrates the dire conditions faced by the needy, highlighting their lack of basic necessities such as clothing and food. This verse is part of a broader discussion on social injustice, where Job laments the suffering of the innocent and the apparent indifference of God to their plight. The surrounding verses, such as Job 24:9 and Job 24:11, further emphasize the harsh realities of life for the vulnerable in society.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Deuteronomy 24:19If you are harvesting in your field and forget a sheaf there, do not go back to get it. It is to be left for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow, so that the LORD your God may bless you in all the work of your hands.
2Amos 2:7–8They trample on the heads of the poor as on the dust of the earth; they push the needy out of their way. A man and his father have relations with the same girl and so profane My holy name.
3Amos 5:11–12Therefore, because you trample on the poor and exact from him a tax of grain, you will never live in the stone houses you have built; you will never drink the wine from the lush vineyards you have planted.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word עָרוֹם, a.Romgenerated

The word עָרוֹם (arom) means 'naked' or 'bare,' indicating a state of being without clothing. It appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often symbolizing vulnerability or shame. In this verse, it underscores the desperate condition of those who are exposed and lacking basic garments.

The usage of עָרוֹם here is particularly poignant, as it captures the essence of their plight — wandering without protection from the elements, which serves as a powerful image of their suffering and need.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb in this verse is הִ֭לְּכוּ, they go about, which governs the structure. The sentence describes two actions: wandering naked and carrying sheaves, both highlighting the contrast between their labor and their need.

The word order places emphasis on the state of being without clothing first, followed by their action of carrying sheaves, creating a stark juxtaposition between their efforts and their hunger.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew word עָרוֹם is rendered as γυμνός, which also means 'naked.' This choice maintains the original meaning but may carry different connotations in Greek literature, emphasizing exposure.

The Greek translation reflects a similar concern for the plight of the naked, reinforcing the theme of vulnerability present in the Hebrew text.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 24:10 describes people who wander without clothing and are hungry despite carrying sheaves. This verse highlights the contrast between their labor and their dire needs, emphasizing the injustice faced by the impoverished.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to be naked in this context?

Being naked here symbolizes vulnerability and lack of protection, illustrating the dire state of those who are oppressed.

Why are they carrying sheaves if they are hungry?

The act of carrying sheaves indicates their hard work, yet despite their labor, they still find themselves in need, highlighting the injustice of their situation.

What is the significance of clothing in this verse?

Clothing represents dignity and protection; lacking it signifies not only physical exposure but also social and economic vulnerability.

How does this verse relate to the theme of social justice?

This verse underscores the plight of the needy and calls attention to the injustices they face, reflecting a broader biblical concern for the marginalized.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What are some ways I can help those who are in need of basic necessities like clothing and food?
  2. How does understanding the plight of the naked and hungry challenge my perspective on social justice?
  3. In what ways can I advocate for the vulnerable in my community, reflecting the concerns raised in Job?
  4. How can I apply the lessons from this verse to my own life and actions towards others?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Gregory the Dialogist comments on this verse, discussing the implications of nakedness and hunger in the context of justice and morality.

Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book XVI c. 540–604
From the naked, and those going without clothing and a hungered, they have taken away the ears of corn. What he calls naked he repeats in the words without clothing, but it is one thing to be naked and another thing to go naked.
Early Church Fathers on Job 24 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 24:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

They cause [him] to go naked without clothing,.... Having taken his raiment from him for a pledge, or refusing to give him his wages for his work, whereby he might procure clothes to cover him, but

Read John Gill on Job 24 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Some remove the landmarks; they violently take away flocks, and feed thereof. Instances of the wicked doing the worst deeds with seeming impunity. Some - the wicked.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 24 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

They cause him, the poor oppressed person, to go naked without clothing; leaving him nothing, or next to nothing, to cover him in the day-time, when he should go abroad to his labour to get his living, but cannot for want of clothes to cover his nakedness. The sheaf from the hungry; that single sheaf which the poor man had got with the sweat of his brows to satisfy his hunger, they inhumanly take away, and add it to their own stores and full barns. Or, they are hungry; or they sent them away hungry; those words being repeated out of the former clause of the verse (as is most usual); which took or carried the sheaf, or their sheaves, i.e. which reaped and gathered in the rich man’ s corn…

Read Matthew Poole on Job 24 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 24:10 They cause [him] to go naked without clothing, and they take away the sheaf [from] the hungry;Ver. 10. They cause him to go naked without clothing] Naked and barefoot, even with their buttocks uncovered, to their shame and danger, as Isaiah 20:4. So dealt the Popish bishops with the poor Protestant Albigenses, at the rendition of Carcasson, in France; they let them have their lives upon the condition that both men and women should go thence stark naked; those parts that cannot well be named being laid open to the view of those pope-holy cruciates (Rivet. Jesuit). And they take away the sheaf from the hungry] Or, the handful; that little that they had leazed; snatching the ears of…

Read John Trapp on Job 24 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(10) They cause him to go naked without clothing.—Rather, they go about, or, so that they go about, naked without clothing (the tautology is expressive in Hebrew, though meaningless in English), and an hungered they carry the sheaves.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 24 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 10. They cause him to go naked] These cruel, hard-hearted oppressors seize the cloth made for the family wear, or the wool and flax out of which such clothes should be made. And they take away the sheaf] Seize the grain as soon as it is reaped, that they may pay themselves the exorbitant rent at which they have leased out their land: and thus the sheaf - the thraves and ricks, by which they should have been supported, are taken away from the hungry.

Read AdamClarke on Job 24 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

10. The verse carries on the idea expressed by “the poor” (Job 24:9)—the poor Which go naked without clothing; And hungry they carry sheaves. The point lies in the antithesis between “hungry” and “carry sheaves”; though labouring amidst the abundant harvest of their masters they are faint with hunger themselves.

Read Cambridge on Job 24 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

And they take away the sheaf from the hungry - The meaning of this is, that the hungry are compelled to bear the sheaf for the rich without being allowed to satisfy their hunger from it.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 24 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Without clothing, they wander about naked. They carry the sheaves, but still go hungry.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

so that they go around naked without clothing. Being hungry, they carry the sheaves.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Without clothing, they wander about naked. They carry the sheaves, but still go hungry.

NETBNew English Translation2006

They go about naked, without clothing, and go hungry while they carry the sheaves.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

They cause him to go naked without clothing, and they take away the sheaf from the hungry;

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

So that they go about naked without clothing, And being hungry they carry the sheaves.

RVARevised Version, American1894

So that they go about naked without clothing, and being an-hungred they carry the sheaves;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

They cause him to go naked without clothing, and they take away the sheaf from the hungry;

GNVGeneva Bible1599

They cause him to go naked without clothing, and take the glening from the hungrie.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

These go naked without clothing, and, hungry, they bear the sheaf;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Naked, they have gone without clothing, And hungry — have taken away a sheaf.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Naked, they have gone without clothing, || And hungry—have taken away a sheaf.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

They cause him to go naked without clothing, and from the hungry they take away the sheaf:

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

But the poor people go about naked without clothing; although they go hungry, they carry bundles of grain belonging to other people.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

From the naked and them that go without clothing, and from the hungry they have taken away the ears of corn.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Because they have no clothes to wear they have to go naked, harvesting sheaves of grain while they themselves are hungry.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Others go about without clothing, and though they have no food, they get in the grain from the fields.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialעָר֣וֹםnakedverbהִ֭לְּכוּthey.go.aboutadverb phrase · adverbialבְּלִ֣יnotלְב֑וּשׁclothingוּ֝andclauseadverbialרְעֵבִ֗יםhungryverbנָ֣שְׂאוּthey.carryobjectעֹֽמֶרa.sheaf

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement in the core message of the verse, though the Septuagint's wording differs slightly. Both texts convey the same themes of nakedness and hunger, highlighting the suffering of the oppressed.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

עָר֣וֹם הִ֭לְּכוּ בְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וּ֝רְעֵבִ֗ים נָ֣שְׂאוּ עֹֽמֶר׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
הִ֭לְּכוּἐκοίμισανלְב֑וּשׁἀδίκωςוּ֝רְעֵבִ֗יםδὲנָ֣שְׂאוּἀφείλαντο

4 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 24:10עָרוֹםnakednakedעָרוֹםהָלַךְthey go abothey go aboutהָלַךְבְּלִיnotnotבְּלִילְבוּשׁclothingclothingלְבוּשׁרָעֵבand hungryand hungryרָעֵבנָשָׂאthey carrythey carryנָשָׂאעֹ֫מֶרa sheafa sheafעֹ֫מֶרעָרֹםbe shrewdbe shrewdעָרֹםבָּלָהto become to become oldבָּלָהלָבֵשׁto clotheto clotheלָבֵשׁרָעֵבbe hungrybe hungryרָעֵבעִמֵּרto bindto bindעִמֵּרהָלַךְto walkto walkהָלַךְאֵבfruitfruitאֵבאָבַדto perishto perishאָבַדיָחֵףbarefootbarefootיָחֵףבֶּ֫טֶןbelly: abdbelly: abdomenבֶּ֫טֶןדֶּ֫רֶךְway: roadway: roadדֶּ֫רֶךְחֻקָּהstatutestatuteחֻקָּהדַּ֫עַתknowledgeknowledgeדַּ֫עַתיָצַתto kindleto kindleיָצַתשַׂקsackclothsackclothשַׂקאַרְגָּמָןpurplepurpleאַרְגָּמָןצָמֵאthirstythirstyצָמֵאעֵירֹםnakednakedעֵירֹם
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 24:10

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
עָר֣וֹםa.Rom naked H6174 Adj
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for being naked, either partly or fully without clothes. It appears in Genesis 2:25 and Exodus 32:25, often symbolizing innocence or shame. This concept is also mentioned in 2 Samuel 10:4.
Amplified meaning
exposed, without covering
Tyndale gloss
naked
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָרוֹם (arowm) means 'naked' or 'bare,' indicating a state of being without clothing, whether partially or completely. It is derived from a root meaning related to nudity. The term appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, but no specific verses are cited in the entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָרוֹם, עָרֹם adj. naked

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6174 עָרוֹם, עָרֹם naked

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6174 `arowm aw-rome'

or marom {aw-rome'}; from 6191 (in its original sense); nude,

either partially or totally:--naked.

see HEBREW for 06191

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָרוֹם (a.rom) — naked.

naked, bare

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAamsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Naked

This word denotes (1) absolute nakedness (Gen. 2:25; Job 1:21; Eccl. 5:15; Micah 1:8; Amos 2:16); (2) being poorly clad (Isa. 58:7; James 2:15). It denotes also (3) the state of one who has laid aside his loose outer garment (Lat. nudus), and appears clothed only in a long tunic or under robe worn next the skin (1 Sam. 19:24; Isa. 47:3; comp. Mark…

In the Bible, often means no more than "not fully dressed." So in Joh 21:7, Peter is said to have been "naked," that is, he had laid off his outer garment, and had on only his inner garment or tunic. See GARMENT. So probably in Isa 20:2 Mic 1:8 Ac 19:16. Sometimes poorness and insufficiency of clothing are meant, as in Jas 2:15. So in Isa 58:7 2Co 11:27. A nation is said to be "naked," when stripped of its defenses, wealth, etc., Ge 42:9

naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
הִ֭לְּכוּHi.le.khu they go about H1980 Verb · Piel · perfect third person common plural
1,549× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means to walk or go, used in many different contexts in the Bible. It can describe physical movement, but also spiritual or emotional journeys. Appears in various forms, such as 'to go' or 'to walk'.
Amplified meaning
go around, walk
Tyndale gloss
to go: walk
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הָלַךְ (halak) means 'to go,' 'come,' or 'walk,' and covers a wide range of literal and figurative uses, including aspects of life and death. It can describe physical movement, moral conduct, and even influence on character. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances like leading or traversing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָלַךְ 1546 vb. go, come, walk

Qal Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך

lit.

of persons

Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations

in like manner of inanimate things

The inf. abs. is often used

as in other vbs., quite independently

to intensify meaning of finite form

most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs.

with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance

with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)

in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. adj. denoting progress, advance

twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion

quite by itself

13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.

akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.

In combination with other verbal forms

Fig.; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident:

pass away, die

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1980 הָלַךְ go, come, walk .Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך . lit. . of persons

. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations

. in like manner of inanimate things

. The inf. abs. is often used . as in other vbs., quite independently

. to intensify meaning of finite form

. most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs. . with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance

. with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)

. in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. + adj. denoting progress, advance

. twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion

. quite by itself

. 13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.

. akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.

. In combination with other verbal forms

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1980 halak haw-lak'

akin to 3212; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety

of applications, literally and figuratively):--(all) along,

apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant,

depart, + be eased, enter, exercise (self), + follow, forth,

forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on,

out, up and down), + greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead,

march, X more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away),

be at the point, quite, run (along), + send, speedily, spread,

still, surely, + tale-bearer, + travel(-ler), walk (abroad,

on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax,

(way-)faring man, X be weak, whirl.

see HEBREW for 03212

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: went.

: went/go[away]

1) to go, walk, come

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away

1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to walk

1b2) to walk (fig.)

1c) (Hithpael)

1c1) to traverse

1c2) to walk about

1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk

הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: come.

: come[nearer]

1) to go, walk, come

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away

1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to walk

1b2) to walk (fig.)

1c) (Hithpael)

1c1) to traverse

1c2) to walk about

1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk

הָלַךְ (ha.lakh) — to go: walk.

: walk/move

1) to go, walk, come

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away

1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.)

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to walk

1b2) to walk (fig.)

1c) (Hithpael)

1c1) to traverse

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Perf-3cp — Verb · Piel · perfect third person common plural
HVpp3cp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a-bout': The use of this word as a preposition, in the sense of "around," is confined to the Old Testament. In the New Testament, generally an adverb, for Greek hos or "hosei." The Revised Version (British and American) adopts it in several idiomatic translations of mello, referring to what is about to be, i.e. on the point of occurring, or immediately impending, amending the King James Version, in Ac 5:35; 27:2; Re 12:4, etc.

naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
בְּלִ֣יbe.Li not H1097 Noun common · masculine singular construct
58× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means without or nothing, often used for negation. It appears in various forms, such as without or not yet, in the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
lacking, having no
Tyndale gloss
without
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בְּלִי (bli) refers to a state of wearing out or destruction, and serves as an adverb of negation meaning 'without' or 'not.' It is derived from the root meaning failure and can indicate absence or lack in various contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בְּלִי subst. wearing out, hence

fig. destruction

defect, failure, hence adv. of negation

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1097 בְּלִי subst. wearing out, hence . fig. destruction

. defect, failure, hence adv. of negation

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1097 bliy bel-ee'

from 1086; properly, failure, i.e. nothing or destruction;

usually (with preposition) without, not yet, because not, as

long as, etc.:--corruption, ig(norantly), for lack of, where

no...is, so that no, none, not, un(awares), without.

see HEBREW for 01086

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בְּלִי (be.li) — without.

subst

1) wearing out

adv of negation

2) without, no, not

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
לְב֑וּשׁle.Vush clothing H3830 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
33× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to clothing or garments, and sometimes even a wife. It is used in descriptions of how people dress, like in the book of Matthew. The KJV translates it as apparel or clothing.
Amplified meaning
garments, covering
Tyndale gloss
clothing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לְבוּשׁ (lebush) refers to clothing or garments in a literal or figurative sense, and can also imply a euphemism for a wife. It encompasses terms like apparel and raiment. The word is derived from a root meaning related to clothing, and its Aramaic equivalent is noted as well.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לְבוּשׁ, לְבֻשׁ n.m. garment, clothing, raiment

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3830 לְבוּשׁ, לְבֻשׁ garment, clothing, raiment

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3830 lbuwsh leb-oosh'

or lbush {leb-oosh'}; from 3847; a garment (literally or

figuratively); by implication (euphem.) a wife:--apparel,

clothed with, clothing, garment, raiment, vestment, vesture.

see HEBREW for 03847

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לְבוּשׁ (le.vush) — clothing.

clothing, garment, apparel, raiment

Aramaic equivalent: le.vush (לְבוּשׁ "garment" H3831)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Smith's Bible Dictionary

[DRESS]

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Of the Israelites, did not become old De 8:4; 29:5; Ne 9:21

→ See DRESS

naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
וּ֝רְעֵבִ֗יםu.re.'e.Vim and hungry H7457 Conjunction
20× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A person who is hungry is described by this Hebrew word, which appears in books like Deuteronomy and Amos. Hunger can be a physical or emotional state, and the Bible addresses both aspects.
Amplified meaning
though hungry, in a state of want, are starving, without food
Tyndale gloss
hungry
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָעֵב (ra'ev) means 'hungry' and can describe varying intensities of hunger. It can also refer to a 'hungry man' as a noun or imply failing strength in a figurative sense. The word is derived from רָעַב (ra'ab), which is linked to the concept of hunger.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָעֵב adj. hungry

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7457 רָעֵב hungry

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7457 ra`eb raw-abe'

from 7456; hungry (more or less intensely):--hunger bitten,

hungry.

see HEBREW for 07456

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָעֵב (ra.ev) — hungry.

1) hungry

1a) hungry

1b) hungry man (subst)

1c) of failing strength (fig)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Adj — Conjunction
HC/Aampa
naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
נָ֣שְׂאוּNa.se.'u they carry H5375 Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
656× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to lift or raise something, and it's used in many ways, like lifting a burden or raising someone's status. It appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah, often talking about God lifting people up. It's about supporting or carrying something or someone.
Amplified meaning
lift, bear
Tyndale gloss
to lift: raise
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word נָשָׂא (nasa') means to lift, carry, or take, encompassing a wide range of applications both literal and figurative. It can refer to actions like bearing burdens, taking away, or being exalted. The entries indicate various forms and uses, including the ability to lift oneself up or cause others to bear iniquity. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָשָׂא 656 vb. lift, carry, take

Qal

lift, lift up

Bear, carry

Take, take away

Niph.

be lifted up

refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment

be borne, carried

be taken away, carried off

Pi.

lift up = exalt

fig. = desire, long

carry, bear continuously

take, take away

Hithp. lift oneself up

Hiph.

cause one to bear iniquity

appar. cause to bring, have brought

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5375 נָשָׂא lift, carry, take .. lift, lift up

. Bear, carry

. Take, take away

. . be lifted up

. refl. lift oneself up = rise up, of י׳, to display power in judgment

. be borne, carried

. be taken away, carried off

. . lift up = exalt

. fig. = desire, long

. carry, bear continuously

. take, take away

. lift oneself up

. . cause one to bear iniquity

. appar. cause to bring, have brought

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5375 nasa' naw-saw'

or nacah (Psalm 4 : 6 (7)) {naw-saw'}; a primitive root; to

lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and

figurative, absol. and rel. (as follows):--accept, advance,

arise, (able to, (armor), suffer to) bear(-er, up), bring

(forth), burn, carry (away), cast, contain, desire, ease,

exact, exalt (self), extol, fetch, forgive, furnish, further,

give, go on, help, high, hold up, honorable (+ man), lade,

lay, lift (self) up, lofty, marry, magnify, X needs, obtain,

pardon, raise (up), receive, regard, respect, set (up), spare,

stir up, + swear, take (away, up), X utterly, wear, yield.

see HEBREW for 04

see HEBREW for 06

see HEBREW for 07

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: raise.

: raise/take_up

1) to lift, bear up, carry, take

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to lift, lift up

1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure

1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted

1b2) to lift oneself up, rise up

1b3) to be borne, be carried

1b4) to be taken away, be carried off, be swept away

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to lift up, exalt, support, aid, assist

1c2) to desire, long (fig.)

1c3) to carry, bear continuously

1c4) to take, take away

1d) (Hithpael) to lift oneself up, exalt oneself

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to cause one to bear (iniquity)

1e2) to cause to bring, have brought

נָשָׂא (na.sa) — to lift: bear.

: look/lift(eyes)

1) to lift, bear up, carry, take

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to lift, lift up

1a2) to bear, carry, support, sustain, endure

1a3) to take, take away, carry off, forgive

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be lifted up, be exalted

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
HVqp3cp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kar'-i (nasa', nahagh): The English Versions of the Bible rendering of a number of Hebrew and Greek words, and it has several shades of meaning, of which the following are the most important:

(1) "To take up," "to bear," "to transport from one place to another," as, "to carry away handkerchiefs" (Ac 19:12), "to carry a corpse" (Ge 50:13), and "to be carried away by the wind" (Da 2:35).

(2) "To cause to go" or "come," "to lead," "to drive" as, "to be carried away to Babylon" (2Ki 20:17), "to be carried away to Pilate" (Mr 15:1), "to carry away cattle" (Ge 31:18), and…

naked they go about not clothing and hungry they carry a sheaf
עֹֽמֶר׃'O.mer a sheaf H6016 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
An omer is a unit of measurement, about 2 liters, used to quantify dry goods like grain, as described in Exodus 16:36. It was an important standard in ancient Israel for trade and commerce.
Amplified meaning
bundles of grain, omers
Tyndale gloss
sheaf
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֹ֫מֶר (omer) refers to both a sheaf and a measure of dry volume, specifically one-tenth of an ephah, approximately two liters. The term is derived from a root meaning 'heap.' It appears in the context of agricultural produce, particularly in Exodus 16.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֹ֫מֶר n.m. sheaf

base

עֹ֫מֶר n.m. omer;—a measure, only Ex 16

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6016a עֹ֫מֶר sheaf H6016b עֹ֫מֶר omer;—a measure

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6016 `omer o'-mer

from 6014; properly, a heap, i.e. a sheaf; also an omer, as a

dry measure:--omer, sheaf.

see HEBREW for 06014

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֹ֫מֶר (o.mer) — sheaf.

sheaf

עֹ֫מֶר (o.mer) — omer.

1) omer

1a) a dry measure of 1/10 ephah (about 2 litres)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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