Job 21:4 — Word Study
WLCהֶ֭אָנֹכִי לְאָדָ֣ם שִׂיחִ֑י וְאִם־ מַ֝דּ֗וּעַ לֹא־ תִקְצַ֥ר רוּחִֽי׃
BSAIs myʼânôkîy [personal, inward] complaintsîyach [outcry, lament] ◂against a manʼâdâm [human, Adam] Then whymaddûwaʻ [for what reason, how] should I notlôʼ [certainly not, under these circumstances] be impatientqâtsar▸ [troubled, have a short spirit]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הֶ֭אָנֹכִי | ¿ I | Particle, pronoun |
| לְאָדָ֣ם | to humankind | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| שִׂיחִ֑י | [is] complaint my | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְאִם־ | and if | Conjunction, particle |
| מַ֝דּ֗וּעַ | why? | Particle |
| לֹא־ | not | Particle |
| תִקְצַ֥ר | will it be short | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| רוּחִֽי׃ | spirit my | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Is my complaint against a man? Then why should I not be impatient? |
| KJV | As for me, is my complaint to man? and if it were so, why should not my spirit be troubled? |
| ASV | As for me, is my complaint to man? And why should I not be impatient? |
| YLT | I — to man [is] my complaint? and if [so], wherefore May not my temper become short? |
| WEB | As for me, is my complaint to man? Why shouldn’t I be impatient? |
| BBE | As for me, is my outcry against man? is it then to be wondered at if my spirit is troubled? |
The translations agree here on the essence of Job's complaint and his emotional state.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by a conditional clause, reflecting Job's internal questioning.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbקָצֵר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 21:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Defense Against His Friendsgenerated
Job 21:4 is part of Job's response to his friends who have been mocking him. He questions whether his complaint is truly against a man, suggesting that his suffering is beyond human understanding. Job expresses his frustration and impatience with the situation, which he feels is unjust. This verse highlights the emotional turmoil Job is experiencing as he grapples with his circumstances and the responses of those around him.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 7:11–21 | Therefore I will not restrain my mouth; I will speak in the anguish of my spirit; I will complain in the bitterness of my soul. |
| 2 | Job 10:1–2 | “I loathe my own life; I will express my complaint and speak in the bitterness of my soul. |
| 3 | 1 Samuel 1:16 | Do not take your servant for a wicked woman; for all this time I have been praying out of the depth of my anguish and grief.” |
| 4 | Psalm 22:1–3 | My God, my God, why have You forsaken me? Why are You so far from saving me, so far from my words of groaning? |
| 5 | Psalm 77:3–9 | I remembered You, O God, and I groaned; I mused and my spirit grew faint. Selah |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שִׂיחִ֑י, si.Chigenerated
The word שִׂיחַ (*si'ach*) refers to a complaint or lament. It is derived from a root that conveys the idea of communication or expression of emotions, particularly in the context of distress or grievance. In this verse, it emphasizes Job's emotional state as he articulates his feelings of injustice.
This noun is in the construct form, linking it to Job's personal experience. It indicates that Job's complaint is not just a general grievance but is deeply personal, reflecting his inner turmoil and the weight of his suffering.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains two main clauses linked by the conjunction וְאִם־ (*ve'im*), which introduces a conditional statement. The first clause presents Job's complaint, while the second clause questions the validity of his impatience.
The structure emphasizes Job's internal conflict: he is both expressing his grievance and questioning the appropriateness of his emotional response. This duality is reflected in the arrangement of the clauses, with the complaint coming first, setting the stage for the subsequent inquiry.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the word שִׂיחִ֑י is rendered as μου (*mou*), meaning 'my.' This choice shifts the focus slightly from the act of complaining to the personal ownership of the complaint, highlighting Job's intimate connection to his suffering.
This rendering suggests a more personal and direct expression of Job's feelings, emphasizing the depth of his lament and the personal nature of his grievances.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 21:4 shows Job questioning whether his complaint is against a human being. He wonders why he should not feel impatient given his suffering. This verse highlights Job's emotional struggle as he seeks to understand the nature of his grievances and the responses of those around him.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job refers to his deep emotional distress and grievances regarding his suffering, expressing them as a personal lament.
Job is reflecting on the nature of his suffering and the responses of his friends, suggesting that his grievances are beyond mere human understanding.
Job's impatience indicates his frustration with his situation and the perceived injustice of his suffering.
This verse encapsulates Job's struggle to articulate his pain and the complexity of his emotional state amid his trials.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I express my own complaints or frustrations in my life?
- How can I better understand the emotional struggles of others who are suffering?
- What role does patience play in my response to difficult situations?
- How can I articulate my feelings in a way that reflects my true emotional state?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early Church Fathers commented on Job's lament, discussing the nature of suffering and the human condition as reflected in this verse.
Let us admit, he says, that I am iniquitous and impious; but I gain no profit from these remarks and know that you will mock me; therefore, I do not yield.Early Church Fathers on Job 21 →
Ver. 4. As for me, is my dispute against man, that I should not be justly sad? 42. Whosoever in pleasing God displeases man, has no grounds for sadness.Early Church Fathers on Job 21 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 21:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAs for me, [is] my complaint to man?.... Job had been complaining, and still was, and continued to do so after this, but not to them, his friends, nor any other man; his complaint was made to God,
Read John Gill on Job 21 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAs for me, is my complaint to man? and if it were so, why should not my spirit be troubled?
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 21 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTo man; or, of man; for the prefix lamed commonly signifieth both to and of. And this question implies a denial, or that his complaint is not to or of man, to wit, only, but to or of God; as is here sufficiently implied, and oft elsewhere expressed by Job in this book. So the sense seems to be either, 1. This, I do not make my moan or complaint unto, or expect relief from, you, or from any men, but from God only; and therefore you have reason patiently to hear me when I am pouring forth my complaints to God. Or rather, 2. This, Do I only complain, or have I reason to complain, only of you and your unmerciful carriage to me; or of men who have dealt barbarously with me? Job 1 Job 30:1,9, &c.…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 21 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 21:4 As for me, [is] my complaint to man? and if [it were so], why should not my spirit be troubled?Ver. 4. As for me, is my complaint to man?] Vult dicere, saith Lavater, Job’ s meaning is, that he complained not to man, but to God himself, who well knew his heart and his innocence, though men misjudged him. And this being so, how could he be otherwise than anxious and solicitous, since if a man be but to speak to an earthly prince, he will be afraid? It is said of Charles V, emperor, that he spake more to God than to men. Job did so, it seemeth; and this he allegeth to the shame of his hard hearted friends, who put him to it in this way.
Read John Trapp on Job 21 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) Is my complaint to man?—“It is not to man that I complain. I do not ask for your sympathy, and, therefore, why should ye resent an offence that is not given? If, however, I did ask it, might not my spirit with good reason be impatient? But, on the contrary, my complaint is to God; and, concerning the ways of God, I venture to ask why it is that His justice is so tardy; and this is a problem which when I remember it I am troubled, and horror taketh hold on my flesh, so difficult and arduous is it.”
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 21 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. As for me] האנכי heanochi, "Alas for me!" Is it not with a man that I speak? And, if this be the case, why should not my spirit be troubled? I do not reply against my Maker: I suffer much from God and man; why then may I not have the privilege of complaining to creatures like myself?
Read AdamClarke on Job 21 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. is my complaint to man] Rather, of, or, concerning man. The whole first clause means, Is my complaint about man? my emphatic. The words may express a reason for their listening to him, it is not of them nor of men at all that he complains; it is of another, and of a moral riddle and evil that may well excuse his impatience. And if it were so … troubled] Rather, or wherefore should I not be impatient? lit. should not my spirit be short?
Read Cambridge on Job 21 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAs for me, is my complaint to man? - There is some difficulty in the interpretation of this verse, and considerable variety of explanation may be seen among expositors. The “object” of the verse is plain.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 21 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Is my complaint against a man? Then why should I not be impatient?
As for me, is my complaint to man? Why shouldn’t I be impatient?
Is my complaint against a man? Then why should I not be impatient?
Is my complaint against a man? If so, why should I not be impatient?
Tyndale line
As for me, is my complaint to man? and if it were so, why should not my spirit be troubled?
As for me, is my complaint to man? And why should I not be impatient?
As for me, is my complaint to man? and why should I not be impatient?
As for me, is my complaint to man? and if it were so , why should not my spirit be troubled?
Doe I direct my talke to man? If it were so, how should not my spirit be troubled?
Strictly literal
As for me, is my complaint to a man? or wherefore should not my spirit be impatient?
I — to man [is] my complaint? and if [so], wherefore May not my temper become short?
[Is] my complaint [against] man? And if [so], why may my temper not become short?
As for me,—is against man my complaint? and if this be so, why should my spirit not be impatient?
As for me, is my complaint to a person? Why should I not be impatient?
From the Latin
Is my debate against man, that I should not have just reason to be troubled?
Simplified
Am I complaining against people? Of course not. Why shouldn't I be impatient?
As for me, is my outcry against man? is it then to be wondered at if my spirit is troubled?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the wording of this verse, with a close correspondence in the key terms. The Septuagint captures the essence of Job's complaint, though its word order and phrasing differ from the Hebrew.
הֶ֭אָנֹכִי לְאָדָ֣ם שִׂיחִ֑י וְאִם־ מַ֝דּ֗וּעַ לֹא־ תִקְצַ֥ר רוּחִֽי׃
6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 21:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word אָֽנֹכִ֫י (*anokiy*) is a first-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me.' It is a variant spelling of אֲנִי (*ani*), which also means 'I.' The entries confirm its use as a personal pronoun without significant disagreement among lexicons.
אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי pron. 1s. comm. I
base
H595 אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי I
595 'anokiy aw-no-kee'
sometimes {aw-no'-kee}; a primitive pro.; I:--I, me, X
which.
אָֽנֹכִ֫י (a.no.khi) — I.
I (first pers. sing.)
Another spelling of a.ni (אֲנִי, אָֽנֹכִ֫י "I" H0589)
Part | Pron — Particle · pronounHTi/Pp1bs
אָדָם (adam) refers to 'man' or 'mankind,' encompassing both individual humans and the species as a whole. It is also the name of the first man in the Bible, Adam, who is mentioned in various verses, including Genesis 2:19. The term can denote a city in the Jordan valley as well. The entries indicate a range of meanings, but there is no significant disagreement among them.
אָדָם 560 n.m. Gn 1:27 man, mankind
a man = human being
coll. man, mankind
n.pr.m. Adam, first man (without art.)
n.pr.loc. city in Jordan valley (as built?)
base
H120 אָדָם man, mankind . a man = human being
. coll. man, mankind
120 'adam aw-dawm'
from 119; ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the
species, mankind, etc.):--X another, + hypocrite, + common
sort, X low, man (mean, of low degree), person.
see HEBREW for 0119
אָדָם (a.dam) — man.
1) man, mankind
1a) man, human being
1b) man, mankind (much more frequently intended sense in OT)
1c) Adam, first man
1d) city in Jordan valley
אָדָם (a.dam) — the man (Adam).
The first named man living at the time before the Flood, first mentioned at Gen.2.19;
married to Eve (H2332);
father of: Cain (H7014B), Abel (H1893) and Seth (H8352); also translated "man" at Gen.2.19,21,23; 3.8,9,20; 5.2; "mankind" at Deu.32.8; "others" at Job.31.33;
Another spelling of a.dam (אָדָם "Adam" H0121)
man, human being
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
שִׂיחַ (siyach) refers to a form of contemplation or utterance, encompassing meanings such as communication, complaint, meditation, and talk. It is derived from a related root and is associated with expressions of musing or anxiety. The entries suggest a focus on the emotional aspects of communication, particularly in the context of complaints or meditative thoughts.
שִׂיחַ n.m. complaint, musing
base
H7879 שִׂיחַ
7879 siyach see'-akh
from 7878; a contemplation; by implication, an
utterance:--babbling, communication, complaint, meditation,
prayer, talk.
see HEBREW for 07878
שִׂיחַ (si.ach) — complaint.
1) meditation, complaint, musing
1a) plaint, complaint
1b) following are uncertain
1b1) musing
1b2) anxiety, trouble
1b3) talk
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp1bs
אִם (im) is a Hebrew conjunction primarily meaning 'if' and is used in various contexts, including conditional clauses and interrogative situations. It can also express negation, alternatives, or exceptions, and appears frequently in the Old Testament. The lexicons note its use in oaths and its ability to connect different clauses, sometimes altering their meanings.
אִם conj.
hypoth. part. if
Interrog. part.
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
H518a אִם conj. . hypoth. part. if
. Interrog. part.
H518b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
518 'im eem
a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!;
interrog., whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh
that!, when; hence, as a negative, not:--(and, can-,
doubtless, if, that) (not), + but, either, + except, +
more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or,
+ save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, + surely (no more,
none, not), though, + of a truth, + unless, + verily, when,
whereas, whether, while, + yet.
אִם (im) — if.
: if/whether_or/though
1) if
1a) conditional clauses
1a1) of possible situations
1a2) of impossible situations
1b) oath contexts
1b1) no, not
1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or
1d) when, whenever
1e) since
1f) interrogative particle
1g) but rather
[כִּי] אם (ki im) — if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
אִם (im) — if: surely no.
: surely_no
1) if
1a) conditional clauses
1a1) of possible situations
1a2) of impossible situations
1b) oath contexts
1b1) no, not
1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or
1d) when, whenever
1e) since
1f) interrogative particle
1g) but rather
אִם (im) — if: surely yes.
: surely_yes
1) if
1a) conditional clauses
1a1) of possible situations
1a2) of impossible situations
1b) oath contexts
1b1) no, not
1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or
1d) when, whenever
1e) since
1f) interrogative particle
1g) but rather
אִם (im) — if: until.
: until/except
HC/Tc — Conjunction · particleHC/Tc
מַדּוּעַ (maddua) means 'why?' or 'wherefore?'. It is derived from the root meaning 'to know' and is used to inquire about reasons or causes. The entries consistently define it as an adverbial term questioning the basis for something.
מַדּוּעַ 61 and מַדֻּעַ adv. wherefore?
base
H4069 מַדּוּעַ, מַדֻּעַ wherefore?
4069 madduwa` mad-doo'-ah
or madduaa {mad-doo'-ah}; from 4100 and the passive
participle of 3045; what (is) known?; i.e. (by implication)
(adverbially) why?:--how, wherefore, why.
see HEBREW for 04100
see HEBREW for 03045
מַדּוּעַ (mad.du.a) — why?.
why?, on what account?, wherefore?
Part — ParticleHTi
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
קָצֵר (qatsar) is a Hebrew word that primarily means 'to be short' or 'to reap.' It is built from a primitive root that conveys the idea of curtailing or harvesting, applicable in both literal and figurative contexts. The entries indicate that it can express feelings of impatience or grief, as well as the act of harvesting crops.
[קָצֵר], I. קָצַר vb. be short
Qal be short
Pi. shorten
Hiph. id.
base
[קָצַר] vb. reap, harvest
H7114a קָצֵר, קָצַר be short H7114b קָצַר reap, harvest
7114 qatsar kaw-tsar'
a primitive root; to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or
intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest
(grass or grain):--X at all, cut down, much discouraged,
grieve, harvestman, lothe, mourn, reap(-er), (be, wax)
short(-en, -er), straiten, trouble, vex.
קָצֵר (qa.tser) — be short.
1) to be short, be impatient, be vexed, be grieved
1a) (Qal) to be short
1b) (Piel) to shorten
1c) (Hiphil) to shorten
קָצַר (qa.tsar) — to reap.
1) to reap, harvest
1a) (Qal) to reap, harvest
1b) (Hiphil) to reap, harvest
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
רוּחַ (ruach) means breath, wind, or spirit. It encompasses various meanings, including the breath of life, emotional disposition, and the spirit of God. The term can refer to both physical phenomena, like wind, and abstract concepts, such as moral character or mental acts. Notably, it is used frequently in the context of divine inspiration and the Holy Spirit.
רוּחַ 378 n.f. (less oft. m.) breath, wind, spirit
breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
wind (117 t.)
spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
spirit of the living, breathing being
spirit as seat of emotion
occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
rarely of the will
רוּחַ esp. of moral character
spirit of God (94 t.)
base
H7307 רוּחַ breath, wind, spirit . breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
. wind (117 t.)
. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
. spirit of the living, breathing being
. spirit as seat of emotion
. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
. rarely of the will
. רוּחַ esp. of moral character
. spirit of God (94 t.)
7307 ruwach roo'-akh
from 7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or
even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger,
unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by
resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including
its expression and functions):--air, anger, blast, breath, X
cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)),
tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y).
see HEBREW for 07306
רוּחַ (ru.ach) — spirit.
: spirit
1) wind, breath, mind, spirit
1a) breath
1b) wind
1b1) of heaven
1b2) quarter (of wind), side
1b3) breath of air
1b4) air, gas
1b5) vain, empty thing
1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)
1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour
1c2) courage
1c3) temper, anger
1c4) impatience, patience
1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)
1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse
1c7) prophetic spirit
1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)
1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being
1e) spirit (as seat of emotion)
1e1) desire
1e2) sorrow, trouble
1f) spirit
1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts
1f2) rarely of the will
1f3) as seat especially of moral character
HNcbsc/Sp1fs — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp1fs
