Job 20:8 — Word Study
WLCכַּחֲל֣וֹם יָ֭עוּף וְלֹ֣א יִמְצָא֑וּהוּ וְ֝יֻדַּ֗ד כְּחֶזְי֥וֹן לָֽיְלָה׃
BSAHe will fly awayʻûwph▸ [like a fleeting thought, vanish] like a dreamchălôwm [a prophetic vision, a nighttime apparition] neverlôʼ [completely, utterly] to be foundmâtsâʼ▸ he will be chased awaynâdad▸ [driven, pursued] like a visionchizzâyôwn [a revelation, a spiritual glimpse] in the nightlayil [a time of darkness, a period of adversity]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| כַּחֲל֣וֹם | like a dream | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| יָ֭עוּף | he will fly away | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| וְלֹ֣א | and not | Conjunction, particle |
| יִמְצָא֑וּהוּ | people will find him | Verb qal imperfect third person masculine plural, suffix |
| וְ֝יֻדַּ֗ד | and he may be chased away | Conjunction, verb hophal third person masculine singular |
| כְּחֶזְי֥וֹן | like a vision of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| לָֽיְלָה׃ | [the] night | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He will fly away like a dream, never to be found; he will be chased away like a vision in the night. |
| KJV | He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night. |
| ASV | He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: Yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night. |
| YLT | As a dream he fleeth, and they find him not, And he is driven away as a vision of the night, |
| WEB | He will fly away as a dream, and will not be found. Yes, he will be chased away like a vision of the night. |
| BBE | He is gone like a dream, and is not seen again; he goes in flight like a vision of the night. |
The translations agree on the imagery of dreams and visions in this verse.
One main verb with three phrases elaborating on the action and its implications. This structure highlights the fleeting nature of the wicked's existence.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעוּף
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 20:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on the Wickedgenerated
Job 20:8 discusses the fate of the wicked, drawing a vivid comparison between their ephemeral existence and dreams or visions that vanish upon waking. This passage is part of a larger argument about the ultimate justice of God and the consequences of a life lived in wickedness, contrasting the fleeting nature of the wicked's life with the enduring legacy of the righteous.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 73:20 | Like one waking from a dream, so You, O Lord, awaken and despise their form. |
| 2 | Psalm 18:10 | He mounted a cherub and flew; He soared on the wings of the wind. |
| 3 | Psalm 90:5 | You whisk them away in their sleep; they are like the new grass of the morning— |
| 4 | Isaiah 29:7–8 | All the many nations going out to battle against Ariel— even all who war against her, laying siege and attacking her— will be like a dream, like a vision in the night, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חֲלוֹם, ka.cha.Lomgenerated
The Hebrew word חֲלוֹם (chalowm) means 'dream' and can refer to both ordinary dreams and those with prophetic significance. It is derived from a root that suggests a connection to dreaming. The word appears in various contexts throughout the Bible, including the stories of Joseph in Genesis and prophetic visions in Joel 2:28.
In this verse, it emphasizes the fleeting and insubstantial nature of the wicked's existence, suggesting that just as dreams fade away, so too will the wicked's life come to an end without leaving a trace.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יָ֭עוּף, he will fly away, governs the main clause, while two phrases follow: a prepositional phrase describing how he will fly away, and a second clause that further elaborates on his fate. The structure emphasizes the comparison between the wicked's fate and the ephemeral nature of dreams.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the actions and their consequences, illustrating the fleeting nature of existence through vivid imagery.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates חֲלוֹם as ἐνύπνιον — a dream — which carries a similar meaning, indicating a vision or revelation that is not lasting. This choice reinforces the idea of the wicked's fate being as insubstantial as a dream.
The Greek word ἐκπετασθὲν for יָ֭עוּף implies a sense of being driven away, aligning with the Hebrew's connotation of flight and transience.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 20:8 describes how the wicked will disappear like a dream or a vision in the night. This emphasizes that just as dreams are temporary and often forgotten, the wicked will not endure or be remembered.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies that their existence is fleeting and will ultimately come to an end, much like how dreams vanish upon waking.
This verse illustrates Job's reflections on divine justice, contrasting the fate of the wicked with that of the righteous.
The imagery of dreams and visions is used to convey the idea that the wicked's life is insubstantial and will not be found.
Night symbolizes darkness and uncertainty, reinforcing the idea that the wicked's fate is not only fleeting but also shrouded in gloom.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the transient nature of life reflected in my own experiences?
- How can I apply the lessons from Job about the fate of the wicked to my understanding of justice?
- What does this passage teach me about the importance of living a life that endures beyond the present?
- How can I find hope in the assurance that God sees and judges the actions of the wicked?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The commentary from Gregory the Dialogist reflects on the nature of the hypocrite's life as a fleeting vision, drawing on this verse to illustrate the point.
Ver. 8. He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night. 7. What else is the life of the hypocrite but the vision of a phantom,Early Church Fathers on Job 20 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 20:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHe shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found,.... Either as a dream which is forgotten, as Nebuchadnezzar's was, and cannot be recovered; or as the matter and substance of a dream, which,
Read John Gill on Job 20 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHe shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night. Fly away - (Psalms 90:10) as a dream - (Isaiah 29:7; Psalms 73:20).
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 20 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAs a dream; which for the present makes a great show and noise, and highly affects the fancy, but hath nothing solid nor permanent in it; for as soon as the man awakes all vanisheth, and the remembrance of it is quickly lost. Shall not be found; the man will be utterly lost and gone, together with all his riches and glory. As a vision of the night; which appears to a man in the night and in his sleep.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 20 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 20:8 He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night.Ver. 8. He shall fly away as a dream, &c.] As a delightful dream is soon forgotten, so shall it be with the hypocrite. His felicity is merely imaginary, his joy is but as the commotion of the affections in a dream, which comes to nothing, Isaiah 29:7-8. A man that is to be hanged next day may dream over night he shall be a king. A man that sleepeth upon a steep rock may dream of great possessions befallen him, and, starting for joy, may fall to the bottom, and mischieve himself. Psalms 73:20, "As a dream when one awaketh, so, O Lord, when thou wakest, thou shalt despise their…
Read John Trapp on Job 20 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 8. He shall fly away as a dream] Instead of rising again from corruption, as thou hast asserted, (Job 19:26,) with a new body, his flesh shall rot in the earth, and his spirit be dissipated like a vapour; and, like a vision of the night, nothing shall remain but the bare impression that such a creature had once existed, but shall appear no more for ever.
Read AdamClarke on Job 20 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. as a dream] Comp. Psalms 73:20, “As a dream when one awaketh; so, O Lord, when thou awakest thou shalt despise their image”; Isaiah 29:8, of the enemies of Israel.
Read Cambridge on Job 20 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHe shall fly away as a dream - As a dream wholly disappears or vanishes. This comparison of man with a dream is not uncommon, and is most impressive. See Psalms 73:20; see the notes at Isaiah 29:7-8.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 20 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He will fly away like a dream, never to be found; he will be chased away like a vision in the night.
He will fly away as a dream, and will not be found. Yes, he will be chased away like a vision of the night.
He will fly away like a dream, never to be found; he will be chased away like a vision in the night.
Like a dream he flies away, never again to be found, and like a vision of the night he is put to flight.
Tyndale line
He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night.
He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: Yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night.
He shall fly away as a dream, and shall not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night.
He shall fly away as a dream, and will not be found: yea, he shall be chased away as a vision of the night.
He shall flee away as a dreame, and they shall not finde him, and shall passe away as a vision of the night,
Strictly literal
He flieth away as a dream, and is not found; and is chased away as a vision of the night.
As a dream he fleeth, and they find him not, And he is driven away as a vision of the night,
He flees as a dream, and they do not find him, || And he is driven away as a vision of the night,
Like a dream will he fly away, and men will find him no more; yea, he will be chased away like a vision of the night.
He will fly away like a dream and will not be found; indeed, he will be chased away like a vision of the night.
From the Latin
As a dream that fleeth away he shall not be found, he shall pass as a vision of the night:
Simplified
They will vanish like a dream, never to be found, fleeing like a vision of the night.
He is gone like a dream, and is not seen again; he goes in flight like a vision of the night.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Job 20:8 reads, "כַּחֲל֣וֹם יָ֭עוּף וְלֹ֣א יִמְצָא֑וּהוּ וְ֝יֻדַּ֗ד כְּחֶזְי֥וֹן לָֽיְלָה׃" which translates to "He will fly away like a dream, never to be found; he will be chased away like a vision in the night." The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in meaning, as all seven words match in a word-by-word correspondence, although the word order and articles differ due to the nature of Greek syntax. There are no significant differences noted in the Samaritan Pentateuch or the Dead Sea Scrolls for this verse, indicating a strong consistency across these ancient witnesses.
כַּחֲל֣וֹם יָ֭עוּף וְלֹ֣א יִמְצָא֑וּהוּ וְ֝יֻדַּ֗ד כְּחֶזְי֥וֹן לָֽיְלָה׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 20:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word חֲלוֹם (chalowm) means 'dream' and can refer to both ordinary dreams and those with prophetic significance. It is derived from a root that suggests a connection to dreaming. The Aramaic equivalent is חֵ֫לֶם (chelem).
חֲלוֹם n.m. dream
ordinary dream of sleep
dreams with prophetic meaning
base
H2472 חֲלוֹם dream
2472 chalowm khal-ome'
or (shortened) chalom {khal-ome'}; from 2492; a
dream:--dream(-er).
see HEBREW for 02492
חֲלוֹם (cha.lom) — dream.
1) dream
1a) dream (ordinary)
1b) dream (with prophetic meaning)
Aramaic equivalent: che.lem (חֵ֫לֶם "dream" H2493)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
Dream
God has frequently made use of dreams in communicating his will to men. The most remarkable instances of this are recorded in the history of Jacob (Gen. 28:12; 31:10), Laban (31:24), Joseph (37:9-11), Gideon (Judg. 7), and Solomon (1 Kings 3:5). Other significant dreams are also recorded, such as those of Abimelech (Gen. 20:3-7), Pharaoh’s chief butler and baker (40:5), Pharaoh (41:1-8), the Midianites (Judg. 7:13), Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. 2:1; 4:10, 18), the wise men from the east (Matt. 2:12), and Pilate’s wife (27:19).
The orientals, and in particular the Jews, greatly regarded dreams, and applied for their interpretation to those who undertook to explain them. We see the antiquity of this custom in the history of Pharaoh’s butler and baker, Ge 40:1-23; and Pharaoh himself and Nebuchadnezzar are also instances. God expressly forbade his people to observe dreams, and to consult explainers of them. He condemned to death all who pretended to have prophetic dreams, even though what they foretold came to pass, if they had any tendency to promote idolatry, De 13:1-3. But they were not forbidden, when they thought they had a significant dream, to address the prophets of the Lord, or the high priest in his ephod, to have it explained. The Lord frequently made known his will in dreams, and enabled…
→ Evanescent Job 20:8
→ Vanity of Ec 5:3,7
→ INSTANCES OF
Of Abimelech,, concerning Sarah Ge 20:3
Of Jacob, concerning the ladder Ge 28:12
The ring-straked cattle Ge 31:10-13
Concerning his going down into Egypt Ge 46:2
Of Laban, concerning Jacob Ge 31:24
Of Joseph, concerning the sheaves Ge 37:5-10
Of Midianite concerning the cake of barley Jud 7:13
עוּף (uwph) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning 'to fly,' with various nuances including hovering and fleeing. It can also imply covering or dimness, as seen in the related noun תְּעֻפָה (teʾuphah), which refers to gloom. The word appears in different forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, indicating various actions related to flight.
עוּף vb. fly
Qal
fly, of birds
hover (protectingly)
fly away
Hiph. dost thou cause thine eyes to fly
Pō‛l.
fly about, to and fro
cause to fly to and fro, brandish
Hithpō‛l. like a bird their glory shall fly away
H5774a עוּף fly H5774b תְּעֻפָה n. f. id. [מוּעָף]
5774 `uwph oof
a primitive root; to cover (with wings or obscurity); hence
(as denominative from 5775) to fly; also (by implication of
dimness) to faint (from the darkness of swooning):--brandish,
be (wax) faint, flee away, fly (away), X set, shine forth,
weary.
see HEBREW for 05775
עוּף (uph) — to fly.
v
1) to fly, fly about, fly away
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to fly, hover
1a2) to fly away
1b) (Hiphil) to cause to fly, light upon
1c) (Polel)
1c1) to fly about or to and fro
1c2) to cause to fly to and fro, brandish
1d) (Hithpolel) to fly away
2) (Qal) to cover, be dark
תְּעֻפָה (te.u.phah) — gloom.
gloom
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particleHC/Tn
מָצָא (matsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to find or attain. It encompasses a range of actions, including discovering something lost, encountering someone, or coming upon a situation. The word can also imply being present or sufficient. Lexicons note various forms and uses, including Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, which indicate different nuances of finding and encountering.
מָצָא 452 vb. attain to, find
Qal
find
find out
= come upon, light upon
noteworthy phrases
Niph. pass. of Qal, be found
Hiph.
cause to find, attain
cause to light upon, come upon, come
cause to encounter
present unto
base
H4672 מָצָא attain to, find
4672 matsa' maw-tsaw'
a primitive root; properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or
exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire;
figuratively, to occur, meet or be present:--+ be able,
befall, being, catch, X certainly, (cause to) come (on, to, to
hand), deliver, be enough (cause to) find(-ing, occasion,
out), get (hold upon), X have (here), be here, hit, be left,
light (up-)on, meet (with), X occasion serve, (be) present,
ready, speed, suffice, take hold on.
מָצָא (ma.tsa) — to find.
1) to find, attain to
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to find
1a1a) to find, secure, acquire, get (thing sought)
1a1b) to find (what is lost)
1a1c) to meet, encounter
1a1d) to find (a condition)
1a1e) to learn, devise
1a2) to find out
1a2a) to find out
1a2b) to detect
1a2c) to guess
1a3) to come upon, light upon
1a3a) to happen upon, meet, fall in with
1a3b) to hit
1a3c) to befall
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be found
1b1a) to be encountered, be lighted upon, be discovered
1b1b) to appear, be recognised
1b1c) to be discovered, be detected
1b1d) to be gained, be secured
1b2) to be, be found
1b2a) to be found in
1b2b) to be in the possession of
1b2c) to be found in (a place), happen to be
1b2d) to be left (after war)
1b2e) to be present
1b2f) to prove to be
1b2g) to be found sufficient, be enough
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to find, attain
1c2) to cause to light upon, come upon, come
1c3) to cause to encounter
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp | Suff — Verb qal imperfect third person masculine plural · suffixHVqi3mp/Sp3ms
נָדַד (nadad) is a Hebrew verb that encompasses meanings related to movement, such as retreating, fleeing, departing, straying, and wandering. It can also refer to the fluttering of wings. The word has various forms, including Qal, Poal, Hiphil, Hophil, and Hithpolel, indicating different nuances of fleeing or being chased. Its Aramaic equivalent is נְדַד (H5075), meaning 'to flee.'
[נָדַד] vb. retreat, flee, depart, stray, wander, flutter
Qal
retreat, flee
flee, depart
wander, stray
trans. flutter wings
Po‛ēl the sun hath arisen and it (the locust swarm) fleeth away
Hiph. chase away
Hoph. be chased away
Hithpo‛l. flee away
base
H5074 [נָדַד] retreat, flee, depart, stray, wander, flutter
5074 nadad naw-dad'
a primitive root; properly, to wave to and fro (rarely to
flap up and down); figuratively, to rove, flee, or
(causatively) to drive away:--chase (away), X could not,
depart, flee (X apace, away), (re-)move, thrust away, wander
(abroad, -er, -ing).
נָדַד (na.dad) — to wander.
1) to retreat, flee, depart, move, wander abroad, stray, flutter
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to retreat, flee
1a2) to flee, depart
1a3) to wander, stray
1a4) to flutter (of birds)
1b) (Poal) to flee away, be chased
1c) (Hiphil) to chase away
1d) (Hophal) to be chased away
1e) (Hithpolel) to flee away
Aramaic equivalent: ne.dad (נְדַד "to flee" H5075)
Conj | V-Hophal-Imperf-3ms — Conjunction · verb hophal third person masculine singularHC/VHu3ms
חִזָּיוֹן (chizzayown) means 'vision' and encompasses various forms of seeing, including ecstatic visions, night visions, and divine communication. It is derived from the root meaning of revelation or expectation, indicating its use in contexts like prophecy. The term is notably associated with the 'valley of vision,' possibly referring to Jerusalem.
חִזָּיוֹן n.m. vision
vision, in the ecstatic state
vision, in the night
divine communication
base
H2384 חִזָּיוֹן vision
2384 chizzayown khiz-zaw-yone'
from 2372; a revelation, expectation by dream:--vision.
see HEBREW for 02372
חִזָּיוֹן (chiz.za.von) — vision.
1) vision
1a) vision (in the ecstatic state)
1a1) valley of vision (perhaps fig. of Jerusalem or Hinnom)
1b) vision (in the night)
1c) vision, oracle, prophecy (in divine communication)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
לַ֫יְלָה (layil) means 'night' and is derived from a root that suggests a twist away from light. It encompasses the literal sense of night as opposed to day, as well as figurative uses related to gloom or adversity. The term appears in contexts like Isaiah 21:11.
לַ֫יְלָה, לַ֫יִל 242 n.m. night
base
H3915 לַ֫יְלָה, לַ֫יִל night
3915 layil lah'-yil
or (Isa. 21:11) leyl {lale}; also laylah {lah'- yel-aw}; from
the same as 3883; properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e.
night; figuratively, adversity:--((mid-))night (season).
see HEBREW for 03883
לַ֫יְלָה (lay.lah) — night.
1) night
1a) night (as opposed to day)
1b) of gloom, protective shadow (fig.)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
nit.
See DAY AND NIGHT for the natural usage and the various terms.
1. In the Old Testament:
Figurative uses: The word "night" (laylah or layil is sometimes used figuratively in the Old Testament. Thus, Moses compares the brevity of time, the lapse of a thousand years, to "a watch in the night" (Ps 90:4). Adversity is depicted by it in such places as Job 35:10; compare Isa 8:20; Jer 15:9. Disappointment and despair are apparently depicted by it in the "burden of Dumah" (Isa 21:11,12); and spiritual blindness, coming upon the false prophets (Mic 3:6); again sudden and…
[DAY]
The ancient Hebrews began their artificial day at evening, and ended it the next evening, so that the night proceeded the day. This usage may probably be traced to the terms employed in describing the creation, Ge 1:5,8,13, etc., "The evening and the morning were the first day." The Hebrews allowed twelve to the day; but these hours were not equal, except at the equinox. At other times, when the hours of the night were long, those of the day were short, as in winter; and when the hours of night were short, as at midsummer, the hours of the day were long in proportion. See HOURS.
The nights are sometimes extremely cold in Syria, when the days are very hot; and travelers in the deserts and among the mountains near Palestine refer to their own sufferings from these opposite extremes, in illustration of Jacob’s words in