Job 19:12 — Word Study
WLCיַ֤חַד׀ יָ֘בֹ֤אוּ גְדוּדָ֗יו וַיָּסֹ֣לּוּ עָלַ֣י דַּרְכָּ֑ם וַיַּחֲנ֖וּ סָבִ֣יב לְאָהֳלִֽי׃
BSAHis troopsgᵉdûwd [armies, bands of soldiers] advancebôwʼ▸ togetheryachad [unitedly, as one] they constructçâlal▸ [build, raise up] a rampderek [siege ramp, way] against meʻal and encampchânâh▸ [set up camp, pitch their tents] aroundçâbîyb [surrounding, encompassing] my tentʼôhel [tabernacle, dwelling place]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַ֤חַד׀ | together | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יָ֘בֹ֤אוּ | they have come | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| גְדוּדָ֗יו | troops his | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וַיָּסֹ֣לּוּ | and they have piled up | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| עָלַ֣י | on me | Preposition, suffix |
| דַּרְכָּ֑ם | way their | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| וַיַּחֲנ֖וּ | and they have encamped | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| סָבִ֣יב | all around | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| לְאָהֳלִֽי׃ | tent my | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | His troops advance together; they construct a ramp against me and encamp around my tent. |
| KJV | His troops come together, and raise up their way against me, and encamp round about my tabernacle. |
| ASV | His troops come on together, And cast up their way against me, And encamp round about my tent. |
| YLT | Come in do His troops together, And they raise up against me their way, And encamp round about my tent. |
| WEB | His troops come on together, build a siege ramp against me, and encamp around my tent. |
| BBE | His armies come on together, they make their road high against me, and put up their tents round mine. |
Where they part company is in the translation of certain phrases, but יַחַד remains consistently rendered as 'together' across the versions.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by several phrases that elaborate on the actions of Job's enemies, creating a vivid picture of his isolation.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbבּוֹא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 19:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Lamentgenerated
Job 19:12 reflects Job's deep sense of isolation and distress as he feels surrounded by enemies. In this passage, he articulates how these adversaries have come together to attack him, both metaphorically and literally, highlighting his plight and the overwhelming nature of his suffering. This verse is part of a larger discourse where Job grapples with his circumstances and the perceived absence of support from those close to him.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 16:11 | God has delivered me to unjust men; He has thrown me to the clutches of the wicked. |
| 2 | Isaiah 10:5–6 | Woe to Assyria, the rod of My anger; the staff in their hands is My wrath. |
| 3 | Isaiah 51:23 | I will place it in the hands of your tormentors, who told you: ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you,’ so that you made your back like the ground, like a street to be traversed.” |
| 4 | Job 30:12 | The rabble arises at my right; they lay snares for my feet and build siege ramps against me. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יַחַד, Ya.chadgenerated
The Hebrew word יַחַד (yachad) signifies unity or togetherness. It functions as an adverb meaning 'together' and describes the coordinated action of Job's enemies, emphasizing their collective approach against him.
This term is built from a root that stresses the idea of being united, which is evident in various contexts throughout the Old Testament. In this verse, it underscores the coordinated effort of his adversaries, making Job's situation feel even more dire.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree that יַחַד is rendered as 'together' in all versions, including the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the sentence is יָבֹ֤אוּ (they have come), which governs the entire clause. The structure includes multiple phrases: a noun phrase for the subject, a prepositional phrase indicating the action against Job, and an additional clause describing the encampment around him.
The Hebrew word order emphasizes the action of the troops advancing and encamping, creating a vivid picture of Job's enemies surrounding him, which enhances the sense of his isolation.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, יַחַד is translated as ὁμοθυμαδὸν (homothumadon), meaning 'with one mind' or 'unitedly.' This choice reflects a focus on the unity of Job's enemies as they come against him, highlighting their coordinated attack.
This translation suggests a slight narrowing of the Hebrew meaning, emphasizing not just togetherness but a purposeful and collective action.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 19:12 describes how Job feels surrounded by enemies who have come together to attack him. They build a ramp against him and camp around his tent, illustrating his sense of vulnerability and isolation.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job is expressing that his enemies have united in their efforts against him, indicating a coordinated attack.
The ramp symbolizes the aggressive approach of his enemies, as they prepare to besiege him, heightening his feelings of vulnerability.
This phrase illustrates Job's isolation, as he feels surrounded and besieged by those who are hostile toward him.
The unity of Job's enemies emphasizes the overwhelming nature of his suffering, as he feels completely outnumbered and abandoned.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I felt surrounded by challenges or adversities in my life?
- How can I find comfort in my struggles, similar to how Job expresses his feelings?
- What does it mean to me to have support during difficult times?
- How can I better understand the experiences of others who feel isolated or attacked?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators reflect on Job's plight, interpreting the verse as a metaphor for spiritual warfare and the unity of evil forces against humanity.
“His robbers came together, and through me they made their own way.” Either Job employs use of the simile that he had chosen in order to say that he is exposed to the attack of the enemies and that they go back and forth without any…Early Church Fathers on Job 19 →
His robbers come together, and make themselves a way through me. For 'his robbers' are evil spirits, who busy themselves in hunting out the deaths of men;Early Church Fathers on Job 19 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 19:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHis troops come together,.... Afflictions which are many, and of which it may be said, as was at the birth of God, who had his name from the word here used, "a troop cometh": Genesis 30:11; and these
Read John Gill on Job 19 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHis troops come together, and raise up their way against me, and encamp round about my tabernacle. Troops - calamities advance together like hostile troops (Job 10:17, note). Raise up ... way.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 19 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHis troops, i.e. my afflictions, which are but God’ s instruments and soldiers marching under his conduct. Raise up their way; either, 1. Cast a bank or trench round about me, as an army doth when they go to besiege a place. Or rather, 2. Make a causeway or raised path, as pioneers usually do in low and waterish grounds for the march of an army. God removes all impediments out of the way, and lays me open to all manner of mischief.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 19 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 19:12 His troops come together, and raise up their way against me, and encamp round about my tabernacle.Ver. 12. His troops come together] i.e. Troops of tribulations and temptations, of pirates and robbers, σπειρατηρια (as the Seventy have it). Sickness and other sorrows are God’ s soldiers, Matthew 8:8-9, and they seldom come single, James 1:2, but trooping and treading on the heels of one another, Concateuata piorum crux; a company comes. And raise up their way against me] As soldiers besieging a place cast up their trenches and fortifications. Vatablus rendereth it, And have beaten their way upon me; that is, saith he, tribulations have so often passed over me, that they have made a…
Read John Trapp on Job 19 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. raise up their way] i. e. cast up a way or high bank on which to advance againt the beleaguered fort or city.
Read Cambridge on Job 19 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHis troops - The calamities which he had sent, and which are here represented as “armies” or “soldiers” to accomplish his work.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 19 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible12. Gives the three stages of a siege: invasion; the throwing up of a mound; and, finally, complete investment.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 19 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
His troops advance together; they construct a ramp against me and encamp around my tent.
His troops come on together, build a siege ramp against me, and encamp around my tent.
His troops advance together; they construct a ramp against me and encamp around my tent.
His troops advance together; they throw up a siege ramp against me, and they camp around my tent.
Tyndale line
His troops come together, and raise up their way against me, and encamp round about my tabernacle.
His troops come on together, And cast up their way against me, And encamp round about my tent.
His troops come on together, and cast up their way against me, and encamp round about my tent.
His troops come together, and raise up their way against me, and encamp around my tabernacle.
His armies came together, and made their way vpon me, and camped about my tabernacle.
Strictly literal
His troops have come together and cast up their way against me, and have encamped round about my tent.
Come in do His troops together, And they raise up against me their way, And encamp round about my tent.
His troops come in together, || And they raise up their way against me, || And encamp around my tent.
Altogether come on his troops, and make level against me their way, and encamp round about my tent.
His troops come on together; they cast up siege mounds against me and encamp around my tent.
From the Latin
His troops have come together, and have made themselves a way by me, and have besieged my tabernacle round about.
Simplified
God's troops assemble to attack me. They build ramparts against me. They encircle and besiege my home.
His armies come on together, they make their road high against me, and put up their tents round mine.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with 7 of the 9 words matching. The Septuagint's structure and word order differ, but the essential meaning remains consistent with the Hebrew text.
יַ֤חַד׀ יָ֘בֹ֤אוּ גְדוּדָ֗יו וַיָּסֹ֣לּוּ עָלַ֣י דַּרְכָּ֑ם וַיַּחֲנ֖וּ סָבִ֣יב לְאָהֳלִֽי׃
7 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 19:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יַ֫חַד (yachad) refers to the concept of unitedness or being together. It can function as a noun meaning 'unitedness' and as an adverb meaning 'together.' The word is built from a root that emphasizes unity and is used in various contexts in the Old Testament.
יַ֫חַד 45 n.[m.] unitedness
as subst.
elsewhere always in acc. as adv. in union, together
base
יָחְדָּו 92 adv. together
base
H3162a יַ֫חַד unitedness . as subst.
. elsewhere always in acc. as adv. in union, together
H3162b יָחְדָּו adv. together
3162 yachad yakh'-ad
from 3161; properly, a unit, i.e. (adverb) unitedly:--alike,
at all (once), both, likewise, only, (al-)together, withal.
see HEBREW for 03161
יַ֫חַד (ya.chad) — unitedness.
1) union, unitedness
יָחְדָּו (yach.dav) — together.
adv
together
Adv — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
come in
come (approach, arrive)
go, i.e. walk, associate with
go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
be brought in (of pers. and things)
be brought
be introduced, put
base
H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in
. come (approach, arrive)
. go, i.e. walk, associate with
. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
. . be brought in (of pers. and things)
. be brought
. be introduced, put
935 bow' bo
a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of
applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +
besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X
certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,
upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,
(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be
fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),
grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,
pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken
(in age), X surely, take (in), way.
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.
: come/go_in
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
1a5) to go
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to lead in
1b2) to carry in
1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon
1b4) to bring to pass
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought, brought in
1c2) to be introduced, be put
לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).
This name means to go in, enter
Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.
: towards/entrance
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
kum: The translation of many Hebrew and Greek words. In the phrase "The Spirit of Yahweh came mightily upon him" (Jud 14:6,19; 15:14; 1Sa 10:10; 11:6; 16:13), the word is tsaleah; Jud 14:6; 15:14 "came mightily," which is the uniform translation of the Revised Version (British and American) (compare Jud 13:25 "to move," i.e. to disturb or stir up). In Jud 6:34; 1Ch 12:18; 2Ch 24:20, it is labhesh, "to clothe"; the Revised Version, margin "The Spirit .... clothed itself with Gideon" and .... "with Zechariah,"…
גְּדוּד (gduwd) refers to a band or troop, often associated with soldiers or marauding groups. It encompasses meanings like a raiding band or a company within an army. The term is derived from a related root, indicating a crowd or assembly, particularly in a military context.
גְּדוּד n.m. band, troop
marauding band
troop
foray, raid
base
H1416 גְּדוּד band, troop
1416 gduwd ghed-ood'
from 1413; a crowd (especially of soldiers):--army, band (of
men), company, troop (of robbers).
see HEBREW for 01413
גְּדוּד (ge.dud) — band.
1) a band, troop, marauding band
1a) marauding band, raiding band
1b) troop, band (of divisions of army)
1c) foray, raid
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms
סָלַל (salal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lift up or cast up, often in the context of building a highway or a way. It can also imply exalting oneself or something, as well as making something plain. The entries suggest a range of uses, from physical elevation to figurative exaltation.
[סָלַל] vb. lift up, cast up
Qal
cast up a highway
cast up a way
lift up
Pilp. exalt her (i.e. Wisdom)
Hithp. exalt oneself
base
H5549 סָלַל lift up, cast up
5549 calal saw-lal'
a primitive root; to mound up (especially a turnpike);
figurative, to exalt; reflexively, to oppose (as by a dam):--
cast up, exalt (self), extol, make plain, raise up.
סָלַל (sa.lal) — to build.
1) to lift up, cast up, exalt
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cast up a highway
1a2) to cast up a way
1a3) to lift up (of song)
1b) (Pilpel) to exalt, esteem highly, prize
1c) (Hithpoel) to exalt oneself
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp1bs
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (derek) means way, road, or journey, and can refer to both literal paths and figurative courses of life or actions. It encompasses various aspects such as direction, manner, and moral character, often highlighting the nature of one's conduct. The term is used in both positive and negative contexts, reflecting the moral implications of one's path.
דֶּ֫רֶךְ 715 n.m. way, road, distance, journey, manner
way, road, path
journey
of direction, almost or quite = toward
way, manner
fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings
of moral action and character
of duty
specif.: in good sense
oftener in bad sense
way of י׳
base
H1870 דֶּ֫רֶךְ way, road, distance, journey, manner . way, road, path
. journey
. of direction, almost or quite = toward
. way, manner
. fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings
. . of moral action and character
. of duty
. specif.: in good sense
. oftener in bad sense
. way of י׳
1870 derek deh'-rek
from 1869; a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of
life or mode of action, often adverb:--along, away, because
of, + by, conversation, custom, (east-)ward, journey, manner,
passenger, through, toward, (high-) (path-)way(-side),
whither(-soever).
see HEBREW for 01869
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: conduct.
: conduct/lifestyle
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — Way.
This name means way, road
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — (King's) Highway.
This name means way, road
Combined with me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "King's" H4428I)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: direction.
: direction
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: road.
: road/route
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: journey.
: journey
N-cs | Suff — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp3mp
חָנָה (chanah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to decline, bend down, or encamp. It conveys the idea of inclining or settling, particularly in the context of pitching a tent or establishing a temporary dwelling. The word appears in various forms, including the act of encamping or laying siege. It is associated with the imagery of the evening's slanting rays and the conclusion of a day's journey.
חָנָה 143 vb. decline, bend down, encamp
Qal
decline, of day drawing to its close
encamp (prop. verge toward, incline to, settle at, of goal of day’s march)
base
H2583 חָנָה decline, bend down, encamp
2583 chanah khaw-naw'
a primitive root (compare 2603); properly, to incline; by
implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening);
specifically, to pitch a tent; gen. to encamp (for abode or
siege):--abide (in tents), camp, dwell, encamp, grow to an
end, lie, pitch (tent), rest in tent.
see HEBREW for 02603
חָנָה (cha.nah) — to camp.
1) to decline, incline, encamp, bend down, lay siege against
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to decline
1a2) to encamp
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
סָבִיב (cabiyb) primarily means 'around' and is used as a noun, adverb, and preposition. It denotes a circle, neighbors, or the surrounding area, often implying a sense of being on every side or in a circuit. The entries consistently emphasize its usage in contexts of proximity and encirclement.
סָבִיב 336 subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about
base
H5439 סָבִיב subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about
5439 cabiyb saw-beeb'
or (feminine) cbiybah {seb-ee-baw'}; from 5437; (as noun) a
circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with
or without preposition) around:--(place, round) about,
circuit, compass, on every side.
see HEBREW for 05437
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around.
: around/border
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: side.
: side
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: whole.
: whole
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: neighours.
: neighours
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
The Hebrew word אֹ֫הֶל (*ohel*) means 'tent' and is derived from a root meaning 'to be conspicuous.' It encompasses various meanings, including a nomad's tent, a dwelling or home, and specifically refers to the sacred tent used for worship, known as the tabernacle. The entries consistently highlight its association with transience and habitation.
אֹ֫הֶל 343 n.m. tent
tent of nomad
dwelling, habitation
the sacred tent used in worship of God
base
H168 אֹ֫הֶל tent
168 'ohel o'-hel
from 166; a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a
distance):--covering, (dwelling)(place), home, tabernacle,
tent.
see HEBREW for 0166
אֹ֫הֶל (o.hel) — tent.
: tent
1) tent
1a) nomad's tent, and thus symbolic of wilderness life, transience
1b) dwelling, home, habitation
1c) the sacred tent of Jehovah (the tabernacle)
Also means: o.hel (אֹ֫הֶל ": home" H0168H)
אֹ֫הֶל (o.hel) — tent: home.
: home
1) tent
1a) nomad's tent, and thus symbolic of wilderness life, transience
1b) dwelling, home, habitation
1c) the sacred tent of Jehovah (the tabernacle)
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp1bs