Ezekiel 12:14 — Word Study
WLCוְכֹל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר סְבִיבֹתָ֥יו עֶזְר֛וֹ וְכָל־ אֲגַפָּ֖יו אֱזָרֶ֣ה לְכָל־ ר֑וּחַ וְחֶ֖רֶב אָרִ֥יק אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃
BSAAnd I will scatterzârâh▸ [to every direction, towards every wind] to everykôl windrûwach allkôl the attendantsʻêzer [helpers, those who provide aid] around himçâbîyb and allkôl his troopsʼaggâph [bands, armies] and I will drawrûwq▸ [unsheathe, bring out] ◂a swordchereb [cutting instrument, tool for battle] to chase after themʼachar [pursue, follow closely]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְכֹל֩ | and all | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| אֲשֶׁ֨ר | [those] who | Particle |
| סְבִיבֹתָ֥יו | [are] around him | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| עֶזְר֛וֹ | help his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְכָל־ | and all | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| אֲגַפָּ֖יו | troops his | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| אֱזָרֶ֣ה | I will disperse | Verb, Piel, imperfect first person common singular |
| לְכָל־ | to every | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| ר֑וּחַ | wind | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וְחֶ֖רֶב | and a sword | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| אָרִ֥יק | I will draw | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect first person common singular |
| אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃ | after them | Suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And I will scatter to every wind all the attendants around him and all his troops, and I will draw a sword to chase after them. |
| KJV | And I will scatter toward every wind all that are about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them. |
| ASV | And I will scatter toward every wind all that are round about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them. |
| YLT | 'And all who are round about him to help him, and all his bands, I do scatter to every wind, and a sword I draw out after them. |
| WEB | I will scatter toward every wind all who are around him to help him, and all his bands. I will draw out the sword after them. |
| BBE | And all his helpers round about him and all his armies I will send in flight to every wind; and I will let loose a sword after them. |
Where they part company is in the interpretation of the actions described, but they all convey the same essential message.
The main clause is supported by several phrases that clarify the subjects and actions involved in the scattering and pursuit.






7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbזָרָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezekiel 12:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Prophecy of Ezekielgenerated
Ezekiel 12:14 is part of a larger prophetic narrative where God communicates the impending judgment on Jerusalem and its leaders. This verse emphasizes the totality of the scattering of the king's attendants and troops, illustrating the comprehensive nature of God's judgment. The surrounding verses depict the consequences of disobedience and the certainty of God's word, as seen in the context of the exile to Babylon.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezekiel 5:10–12 | As a result, fathers among you will eat their sons, and sons will eat their fathers. I will execute judgments against you and scatter all your remnant to every wind.’ |
| 2 | Ezekiel 17:21 | All his choice troops will fall by the sword, and those who survive will be scattered to every wind. Then you will know that I, the LORD, have spoken.’ |
| 3 | 2 Kings 25:4–5 | Then the city was breached; and though the Chaldeans had surrounded the city, all the men of war fled by night by way of the gate between the two walls near the king’s garden. They headed toward the Arabah, |
| 4 | Ezekiel 5:2–12 | When the days of the siege have ended, you are to burn up a third of the hair inside the city; you are also to take a third and slash it with the sword all around the city; and you are to scatter a third to the wind. For I will unleash a sword behind them. |
| 5 | Ezekiel 14:17–21 | Or if I bring a sword against that land and say, ‘Let a sword pass through it,’ so that I cut off from it both man and beast, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֱזָרֶ֣ה, 'e.za.Rehgenerated
The verb אֱזָרֶ֣ה ('eza) is in the Piel stem, indicating an intensive action. It means 'I will scatter' and implies a forceful dispersal of people. This verb is often used in contexts where God acts decisively against those who oppose Him.
In this verse, the action of scattering is directed towards 'every wind', suggesting a complete and thorough dispersion. The choice of the Piel form emphasizes the intensity of the action, highlighting God's authority over the situation.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses scatter for אֱזָרֶ֣ה and sword for חֶ֖רֶב, aligning with the KJV and ASV in their choice of words.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb אֱזָרֶ֣ה governs the entire sentence, indicating the action of scattering. This is followed by two noun phrases: the first describes the subjects being scattered, and the second introduces the object of pursuit, the sword.
The structure shows a clear cause and effect: the scattering leads to the drawing of the sword, emphasizing the severity of God's judgment.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אֱזָרֶ֣ה as διασπερῶ, meaning 'I will disperse.' This choice reflects a similar sense of scattering but may carry a slightly different nuance of spreading out rather than just scattering.
The use of διασπερῶ suggests a broader interpretation of the action, emphasizing the extent of the dispersion across various directions.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezekiel 12:14 tells us that God will scatter the king's attendants and troops in every direction and will draw a sword to pursue them. This indicates a severe judgment against those who oppose Him, emphasizing the totality of their scattering.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies God's judgment against those who support the king, indicating that they will be dispersed and face consequences for their actions.
The sword symbolizes imminent danger and judgment, representing God's means of pursuing those who have rebelled against Him.
This verse illustrates the theme of judgment and the consequences of disobedience, which is a central message throughout the book of Ezekiel.
It serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the seriousness of rebellion against Him, highlighting the certainty of His judgment.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this verse teach us about the consequences of disobedience to God?
- How can we apply the concept of scattering in our own lives when we face judgment or correction?
- In what ways does understanding God's judgment help us to live more faithfully?
- How does this verse encourage us to consider our own support for leaders and authorities?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 12:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd I will scatter to every wind all that [are] about him to help him,.... Either his bodyguards, the men of war that were with him when he fled, Jeremiah 52:7; or his auxiliary troops, the
Read John Gill on Ezekiel 12 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd I will scatter toward every wind all that are about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them. I will scatter toward every wind all that are about him - his satellites; his body-guard.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 12 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAll that are about him; either the Egyptians who came to help him; or rather, those that did flee with him, as the choice and flower of his valiant and trusty servants, who would guard him through all dangers in the flight, till he might rest some where in safety. This was verified, ,5 Jeremiah 39:5. All his bands; whether auxiliaries or his own trained soldiers. Draw out the sword after them; send the enemy after them with drawn swords, wherewith they shall be slain, 43:10,11.
Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 12 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzekiel 12:14 And I will scatter toward every wind all that [are] about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them.Ver. 14. And I will scatter toward every wind.] His bodyguard, σοματοφυλακες. Esquires of his body, auxiliaries. I will put him into a helpless condition. If the Lord do not help thee, whence shall I help thee? said that king to her that cried to him for help.
Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 12 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) I will scatter toward every wind.—The people of Judah were not carried captive to Babylon only, but many of them were scattered wherever they could find refuge; and, finally, the remnant left in the land by Nebuchadnezzar, after the murder of his governor Gedaliah, escaped into Egypt (Jeremiah 41-43).
Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezekiel 12 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14–16. All the armies and aids of the king shall be dispersed and pursued with the sword. They shall be scattered among the nations, and their history shall bring to their knowledge what Jehovah, their God, truly is. A remnant of them shall be spared among the nations that they make known to them their abominations, and these also shall learn what the God of Israel is. Jerusalem and Israel is set in the midst of the nations round about (ch. Ezekiel 5:5), its history is a drama enacted before the eyes of mankind, and the drama when finished will reveal, not only to Israel but the nations of the world, Jehovah in his fulness. Cf. ch. Ezekiel 14:22-23, Ezekiel 17:24, Ezekiel 20:9, Ezekiel…
Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 12 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible14, 15. See notes Ezekiel 5:1-13. To Ezekiel Jehovah (Lord) was the equivalent of justice and holiness; and when he said, “They shall know Jehovah,” he meant that the divine justice and holiness would then be demonstrated.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And I will scatter to every wind all the attendants around him and all his troops, and I will draw a sword to chase after them.
I will scatter toward every wind all who are around him to help him, and all his bands. I will draw out the sword after them.
And I will scatter to every wind all the attendants around him and all his troops, and I will draw a sword to chase after them.
All his retinue – his attendants and his troops – I will scatter to every wind; I will unleash a sword behind them.
Tyndale line
And I will scatter toward every wind all that are about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them.
And I will scatter toward every wind all that are round about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them.
And I will scatter toward every wind all that are round about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them.
And I will scatter towards every wind all that are about him to help him, and all his bands; and I will draw out the sword after them.
And I will scatter toward euerie winde all that are about him to helpe him, and all his garisons, and I will drawe out the sworde after them.
Strictly literal
And I will scatter toward every wind all that are about him to help him, and all his troops; and I will draw out the sword after them.
'And all who are round about him to help him, and all his bands, I do scatter to every wind, and a sword I draw out after them.
And all who are around him to help him, and all his bands, I scatter to every wind, and I draw out a sword after them.
And all that are round about him, those who assist him, and all the wings of his armies will I disperse toward every wind; and the sword will I draw out after them.
I will also scatter in every direction all of those around him who were to assist him and his entire army, and I will send out a sword after them.
From the Latin
And all that are about him, his guards, and his troops I will scatter into every wind: and I will draw out the sword after them.
Simplified
I'm going to scatter all his attendants and all his troops in every direction, and I will chase after them with a drawn sword.
And all his helpers round about him and all his armies I will send in flight to every wind; and I will let loose a sword after them.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording, with a direct correspondence between the Hebrew and Greek terms. This consistency reinforces the reliability of the text in conveying the intended message of judgment.
וְכֹל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר סְבִיבֹתָ֥יו עֶזְר֛וֹ וְכָל־ אֲגַפָּ֖יו אֱזָרֶ֣ה לְכָל־ ר֑וּחַ וְחֶ֖רֶב אָרִ֥יק אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃
12 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 12:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
HTr — ParticleHTr
סָבִיב (cabiyb) primarily means 'around' and is used as a noun, adverb, and preposition. It denotes a circle, neighbors, or the surrounding area, often implying a sense of being on every side or in a circuit. The entries consistently emphasize its usage in contexts of proximity and encirclement.
סָבִיב 336 subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about
base
H5439 סָבִיב subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about
5439 cabiyb saw-beeb'
or (feminine) cbiybah {seb-ee-baw'}; from 5437; (as noun) a
circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with
or without preposition) around:--(place, round) about,
circuit, compass, on every side.
see HEBREW for 05437
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around.
: around/border
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: side.
: side
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: whole.
: whole
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: neighours.
: neighours
subst
1) places round about, circuit, round about
adv
2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about
prep
3) in the circuit, from every side
N-cp | Suff — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp3ms
עֵ֫זֶר (ezer) means help or succour, referring to assistance or support. It can denote both the act of helping and a person who provides help. The term is derived from a root meaning to aid. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning as a source of assistance.
עֵ֫זֶר n.m. help, succour
help, succour
concr. = one who helps
base
H5828 עֵ֫זֶר help, succour
5828 `ezer ay'-zer
from 5826; aid:--help.
see HEBREW for 05826
עֵ֫זֶר (e.zer) — helper.
1) help, succour
1a) help, succour
1b) one who helps
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
אֲגַף (aggaph) refers to a band or wing of an army, indicating a group or crowd of troops. It is derived from the idea of a cover or heap, and is primarily used in the plural form to describe military formations. The term appears in contexts related to armies and their organization.
[אֲגַף] n.[m.] band, army (loan-word, orig. wing of army)
base
H102 אֲגַף
102 'aggaph ag-gawf'
probably from 5062 (through the idea of impending); a cover
or heap; i.e. (only plural) wings of an army, or crowds of
troops:--bands.
see HEBREW for 05062
אֲגַף (ag.gaph) — band.
wing (of an army), band, army, hordes
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms
זָרָה (zarah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to scatter, fan, or winnow. It encompasses various actions such as tossing about, dispersing, and spreading. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to scatter), Niphal (to be scattered), and Piel (to intensively scatter). Notably, it is used in contexts like the scattering of the Israelites and the winnowing of grain.
[זָרָה] vb. scatter, fan, winnow (Ar. Arabic cause to fly, scatter (of wind), winnow; Aram. דְּרָא, Syriac; Eth. Ethiopic)—
Qal
scatter, the powder into which the golden calf was ground
fan, winnow
Niph. be scattered, dispersed, of Israel
Pi.
(intens. of Qal) scatter, disperse, esp. of peoples
winnow, sift
Pu. be scattered
base
H2219 [זָרָה] scatter, fan, winnow
2219 zarah zaw-raw'
a primitive root (compare 2114); to toss about; by
implication, to diffuse, winnow:--cast away, compass,
disperse, fan, scatter (away), spread, strew, winnow.
see HEBREW for 02114
זָרָה (za.rah) — to scatter.
1) to scatter, fan, cast away, winnow, disperse, compass, spread, be scattered, be dispersed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to scatter
1a2) to fan, winnow
1b) (Niphal) to be scattered, be dispersed
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to scatter, disperse (intensive of Qal)
1c2) to winnow, sift
1d) (Pual) to be scattered, be spread out
V-Piel-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common singularHVpi1cs
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
רוּחַ (ruach) means breath, wind, or spirit. It encompasses various meanings, including the breath of life, emotional disposition, and the spirit of God. The term can refer to both physical phenomena, like wind, and abstract concepts, such as moral character or mental acts. Notably, it is used frequently in the context of divine inspiration and the Holy Spirit.
רוּחַ 378 n.f. (less oft. m.) breath, wind, spirit
breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
wind (117 t.)
spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
spirit of the living, breathing being
spirit as seat of emotion
occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
rarely of the will
רוּחַ esp. of moral character
spirit of God (94 t.)
base
H7307 רוּחַ breath, wind, spirit . breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
. wind (117 t.)
. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
. spirit of the living, breathing being
. spirit as seat of emotion
. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
. rarely of the will
. רוּחַ esp. of moral character
. spirit of God (94 t.)
7307 ruwach roo'-akh
from 7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or
even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger,
unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by
resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including
its expression and functions):--air, anger, blast, breath, X
cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)),
tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y).
see HEBREW for 07306
רוּחַ (ru.ach) — spirit.
: spirit
1) wind, breath, mind, spirit
1a) breath
1b) wind
1b1) of heaven
1b2) quarter (of wind), side
1b3) breath of air
1b4) air, gas
1b5) vain, empty thing
1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)
1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour
1c2) courage
1c3) temper, anger
1c4) impatience, patience
1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)
1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse
1c7) prophetic spirit
1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)
1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being
1e) spirit (as seat of emotion)
1e1) desire
1e2) sorrow, trouble
1f) spirit
1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts
1f2) rarely of the will
1f3) as seat especially of moral character
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
wind (anemos:
1. Causes:
Unequal distribution of heat in the atmosphere causes currents of air or wind. The heated air rises and the air from around rushes in. The direction from which a current comes determines its name, as west wind coming from the West but blowing toward the East. When two currents of air of different directions meet, a spiral motion sometimes results.
See WHIRLWIND.
2. West Wind:
In Palestine the west wind is the most common. It comes from the sea and carries the moisture which condenses to form clouds, as it is turned upward by the mountains, to the cooler layers of the atmosphere. If the temperature reached is cool enough the cloud condenses and rain falls. Elijah looked toward the West for the "small cloud," and soon "the heavens grew black with clouds and wind" (1Ki 18:44 f). "When ye see a cloud rising in the…
חֶ֫רֶב (chereb) means 'sword' and can also refer to other cutting instruments like knives and tools. It is derived from a root meaning 'drought,' highlighting its destructive nature. The term is used in various contexts in the Old Testament, primarily to denote weapons.
חֶ֫רֶב 411 n.f. sword (as weapon)
base
H2719 חֶ֫רֶב sword (as weapon)
2719 chereb kheh'-reb
from 2717; drought; also a cutting instrument (from its
destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp
implement:--axe, dagger, knife, mattock, sword, tool.
see HEBREW for 02717
חֶ֫רֶב (che.rev) — sword.
1) sword, knife
1a) sword
1b) knife
1c) tools for cutting stone
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
sord.
See ARMOR, III, 5.
Sword
Of the Hebrew was pointed, sometimes two-edged, was worn in a sheath, and suspended from the girdle (Ex. 32:27; 1 Sam. 31:4; 1 Chr. 21:27; Ps. 149:6: Prov. 5:4; Ezek. 16:40; 21:3-5).
It is a symbol of divine chastisement (Deut. 32:25; Ps. 7:12; 78:62), and of a slanderous tongue (Ps. 57:4; 64:3; Prov. 12:18). The word of God is likened also to a…
[ARMS, ARMOR]
רִיק (ruq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to empty or pour out. It includes actions such as making something empty, pouring down, or drawing a sword. The Hiphil form indicates causing something to be emptied, while the Hophal form refers to being emptied out. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, including empty vessels and rain.
[רִיק] vb. Hiph. make empty, empty out
empty vessels
pour out or down, rain
empty out (i.e. draw) sword
Hoph. be emptied out from vessel
base
H7324 רִיק Hiph. make empty, empty out . empty vessels
. pour out or down, rain
. empty out (i.e. draw) sword
. be emptied out from vessel
7324 ruwq rook
a primitive root; to pour out (literally or figuratively),
i.e. empty:--X arm, cast out, draw (out), (make) empty, pour
forth (out).
רִיק (ruq) — to empty.
1) to make empty, empty out
1a) (Hiphil)
1a1) to empty, keep empty or hungry
1a2) to pour out or down
1a3) to empty out
1b) (Hophal) to be emptied out
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singularHVhi1cs
The Hebrew word אַחַר (*achar*) primarily denotes the concept of 'after' or 'behind' in both spatial and temporal contexts. It functions as a substantive, adverb, preposition, and conjunction, indicating a following part or time. The related form אַחֲרַי (*acharai*) refers to a person who turns backwards. There is a reference to Proverbs 28:23 in relation to the latter.
אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part
adv.
of place, behind
of time, afterwards
prep.
of place, behind, after
of time, after
conj. after that.
H310a אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part . adv. . of place, behind
. of time, afterwards
. prep. . of place, behind, after
. of time, after
. conj. after that.
H310b אַחֲרַי a man that turneth backwards.
310 'achar akh-ar'
from 309; properly, the hind part; generally used as an
adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses):--after
(that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side),
behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from,
hereafter, hinder end, + out (over) live, + persecute,
posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth),
when, with.
see HEBREW for 0309
אַחַר (a.char) — after.
1) after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)
1a) as an adverb
1a1) behind (of place)
1a2) afterwards (of time)
1b) as a preposition
1b1) behind, after (of place)
1b2) after (of time)
1b3) besides
1c) as a conjunction
1c) after that
1d) as a substantive
1d1) hinder part
1e) with other prepositions
1e1) from behind
1e2) from following after
אַחֲרַי (a.cha.ray) — backwards.
backwards (of a man that turns backwards)
Prep | Suff — SuffixHAcmpc/Sp3mp
