Daniel 7:5 — Word Study
WLCוַאֲר֣וּ חֵיוָה֩ אָחֳרִ֨י תִנְיָנָ֜ה דָּמְיָ֣ה לְדֹ֗ב וְלִשְׂטַר־ חַד֙ הֳקִמַ֔ת וּתְלָ֥ת עִלְעִ֛ין בְּפֻמַּ֖הּ בֵּ֣ין שִׁנַּ֑הּ וְכֵן֙ אָמְרִ֣ין לַ֔הּ ק֥וּמִֽי אֲכֻ֖לִי בְּשַׂ֥ר שַׂגִּֽיא׃
BSASuddenlyʼărûw [without warning, unexpectedly] anotherʼochŏrîy [different, distinct] beast {appeared}chêyvâʼ [wild animal, creature] whichtinyân△ looked likedᵉmâh [resembled, was similar to] a beardôb△ [large carnivorous mammal] It was raised upqûwm [lifted, stood] on onechad [single, sole] of its sidesshᵉṭar△ [areas, regions] and it had threetᵉlâth [a trio, a set of three] ribsʻălaʻ△ [curved bones, skeletal framework] in its mouthpum [oral cavity, opening] betweenbêyn [among, amidst] its teethshên [sharp, pointed structures] ◂Sokên it was toldʼămar [commanded, instructed] Get upqûwm [arise, stand] [and] gorge yourselfʼăkal [consume, devour] on fleshbᵉshar [animal tissue, living matter, abundantly, extensively]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַאֲר֣וּ | and lo! | Conjunction, particle |
| חֵיוָה֩ | a beast | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| אָחֳרִ֨י | another | Adj |
| תִנְיָנָ֜ה | a second | Adj |
| דָּמְיָ֣ה | [was] like | Verb, Qal, participle (active) feminine singular |
| לְדֹ֗ב | the object marker a bear | Preposition, noun common both singular absolute |
| וְלִשְׂטַר־ | and to a side | Conjunction, preposition, noun common both singular absolute |
| חַד֙ | one | Adj |
| הֳקִמַ֔ת | it was raised | Verb, Hophal, perfect third person feminine singular |
| וּתְלָ֥ת | and three | Conjunction |
| עִלְעִ֛ין | ribs | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| בְּפֻמַּ֖הּ | [were] in mouth its | Preposition, noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| בֵּ֣ין | between | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| שִׁנַּ֑הּ | tooth its | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| וְכֵן֙ | and as follows | Conjunction, adverb |
| אָמְרִ֣ין | [they were] saying | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine plural |
| לַ֔הּ | to it | Preposition, suffix |
| ק֥וּמִֽי | arise | Verb, Qal, imperative second person feminine singular |
| אֲכֻ֖לִי | devour! | Verb, Qal, imperative second person feminine singular |
| בְּשַׂ֥ר | flesh | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| שַׂגִּֽיא׃ | much |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Suddenly another beast appeared, which looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. So it was told, ‘Get up and gorge yourself on flesh!’ |
| KJV | And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh. |
| ASV | And, behold, another beast, a second, like to a bear; and it was raised up on one side, and three ribs were in its mouth between its teeth: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh. |
| YLT | And lo, another beast, a second, like to a bear, and to the same authority it hath been raised, and three ribs [are] in its mouth, between its teeth, and thus they are saying to it, Rise, consume much flesh. |
| WEB | “Behold, there was another animal, a second, like a bear. It was raised up on one side, and three ribs were in its mouth between its teeth. They said this to it: ‘Arise! Devour much flesh!’ |
| BBE | And I saw another beast, like a bear, and it was lifted up on one side, and three side-bones were in its mouth, between its teeth: and they said to it, Up! take much flesh. |
Where they part company is הֳקִמַ֔ת — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by descriptive phrases and a command, illustrating the beast's characteristics and actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbדְּמָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
4 of 21 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Daniel 7:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Vision of Four Beastsgenerated
Daniel 7:5 presents a vision where Daniel sees a second beast that looks like a bear. This beast is raised on one side and holds three ribs in its mouth, indicating a fierce nature and a command to consume flesh. This vision is part of a larger narrative that illustrates the rise and fall of empires, and the power dynamics at play during Daniel's time. The imagery used here is rich and symbolic, revealing the nature of the kingdoms represented by the beasts.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daniel 2:39 | But after you, there will arise another kingdom, inferior to yours. Next, a third kingdom, one of bronze, will rule the whole earth. |
| 2 | Daniel 8:3 | Then I lifted up my eyes and saw a ram with two horns standing beside the canal. The horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one grew up later. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 2:24 | Then he turned around, looked at them, and called down a curse on them in the name of the LORD. Suddenly two female bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. |
| 4 | Proverbs 17:12 | It is better to meet a bear robbed of her cubs than a fool in his folly. |
| 5 | Hosea 13:8 | Like a bear robbed of her cubs I will attack them, and I will tear open their chests. There I will devour them like a lion, like a wild beast would tear them apart. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חֵיוָה, chei.Vahgenerated
The word חֵיוָה (chei.Vah) refers to a beast or wild animal. It is a feminine singular noun used to describe various kinds of creatures, emphasizing the wild and untamed nature of the beast in this vision. The root of this word connects it to living things, highlighting its significance in the context of the beasts representing kingdoms.
This term appears frequently in the Bible, illustrating its broad application to different animals. In this verse, it encapsulates the essence of the second beast, which is both fearsome and commanding.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses another beast to describe the creature. The KJV and ASV also maintain this wording, emphasizing the distinctiveness of the beast.
Where translations differ is in the rendering of הֳקִמַ֔ת. The BSB states it was raised, while the DRA and GNV opt for stood, and the BBE uses lifted. This variation highlights different interpretations of the beast's position.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is הֳקִמַ֔ת, it was raised, which governs the structure of the sentence. The clause begins with a description of the beast, followed by details about its posture and the command given to it.
The syntax reflects a complex relationship between the beast's appearance and the command it receives, with multiple phrases providing additional information about its characteristics and actions.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates חֵיוָה as θηρίον (thērion), which means 'wild animal' or 'beast.' This choice emphasizes the ferocity of the creature, aligning with the imagery of a bear.
The translation of הֳקִמַ֔ת as ἐστάθη (estathē) indicates a standing position, reinforcing the idea of the beast being raised and ready to act.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Daniel 7:5 describes a vision of a beast that looked like a bear. It was raised on one side and had three ribs in its mouth. The beast was commanded to rise and consume flesh abundantly.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The bear represents the kingdom of the Medes and Persians, emphasizing its strength and dominance.
The three ribs symbolize the nations that were conquered by the Medes and Persians, indicating the beast's power to consume.
Being raised on one side suggests an imbalance or a particular strength, possibly indicating the dominance of one part of the kingdom over another.
This vision reflects the rise and fall of empires, showcasing God's sovereignty over history and the eventual establishment of His kingdom.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about God's sovereignty through the imagery of the beasts in Daniel's visions?
- How does the symbolism of the bear relate to historical kingdoms we know?
- In what ways does this vision challenge our understanding of power and authority?
- How can we apply the lessons from Daniel's visions to our lives today?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers comment on this verse, interpreting the beast as a symbol of the Persian kingdom and its conquests.
"A second beast like to a bear." To represent the kingdom of the Persians. "And it had three ribs." The three nations he calls three ribs.Early Church Fathers on Daniel 7 →
These are the symbols of the kingdom of Darius, king of the Medes. As in the statue of Nebuchadnezzar the Mede empire had been foreshadowed under the aspect of silver, which is a viler metal than gold,Early Church Fathers on Daniel 7 →
Verse 5. "And behold another beast like a bear stood up on one side; and there were three rows in his mouth and in his teeth;Early Church Fathers on Daniel 7 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Daniel 7:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd, behold, another beast, a second, like to a bear,.... Another monarchy, and which succeeded the former, and rose up upon the ruins of it, the Medo-Persian monarchy; and so the Syriac version
Read John Gill on Daniel 7 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.
Read Robert Jamieson on Daniel 7 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAnother beast, viz. the Medes and Persians, a fierce, grim, ravenous creature, and barbarously cruel, especially the mountainous part, as of Caucasus, Armenia, and Media by The Caspian Sea near the Tartars, and that which borders upon the Mogul, the Usbecks, and the Sasbuts; read ,18 Jeremiah 51:48,53, called spoilers. See , &c. Thus God sent in the northern bears upon Babylon to devour flesh. See how God calls them against Babylon, ,27,28; he reckons Ararat, Minni, and Ashchenaz, and the Medes, i.e. Armenia, Parthia, Hyrcania, &c., the rough northern hungry bears. On one side, i.e. the north side; for the Mede first arose and sent to Cyrus the Persian to come in and assist him against the…
Read Matthew Poole on Daniel 7 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsDaniel 7:5 And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and [it had] three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.Ver. 5. And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear.] Which is nothing so generous and ingenuous as a lion; but slow, dull, cruel, ravenous. Such were the Persians; a mountainous, rough, uncivil people, of barbarous and beastly cruelty. And it raised up itself on one side,] scil., By joining with the Medes, by whose help Cyrus subdued the Syrians, Assyrians, Arabians, Cappadocians, and many more nations act easily reckoned, who, to gratify him, desired to be ruled…
Read John Trapp on Daniel 7 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) And behold another beast.—We are not told what became of the first beast. (Comp. Daniel 7:12.) The word “behold” implies that this was the next object which arrested the seer’s attention. The second beast corresponds to the silver portion of the Colossus (Daniel 2). One side.—In explaining this very difficult phrase, it must be remembered that the two sides of the bear are parallel in meaning to the two breasts and two arms of the Colossus. It is implied, therefore, that the second kingdom consists of two parts, and the raising up of one side implies that one part of the kingdom would come into greater prominence than the other. Such was the case with the Medo-Persian Empire (comp.…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Daniel 7 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 5. Another beast-like to a bear] This was the Medo-Persian empire, represented here under the symbol of the bear, as the largest species of these animals was found in Media, a mountainous, cold, and rough country, covered with woods. The Medes and Persians are compared to a bear on account of their cruelty and thirst after blood, a bear being a most voracious and cruel animal; the bear is termed by Aristotle an all-devouring animal; and the Medo-Persians are known to have been great robbers and spoilers. See Jeremiah 51:48-56. The Persians were notorious for the cruelty of their punishments. See Calmet. Raised up itself on one side] Cyrus arose on the borders of Chaldea, and thus the…
Read AdamClarke on Daniel 7 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5. The second beast. like to a bear] The bear is a voracious[268] animal, living indeed principally upon roots, bulbs, fruits, and other vegetable products, but, especially when pressed by hunger, ready to attack both the smaller wild and domestic animals, and even man[269]. In the O.T. it is spoken of as being, next to the lion, the most formidable beast of prey known in Palestine (1 Samuel 17:34; Amos 5:19; cf. 2 Kings 2:24; Hosea 13:8); at the same time it is inferior to the lion in strength and appearance, and is heavy and ungainly in its movements. The kingdom denoted by it corresponds to the ‘silver’ kingdom of Dan 2:32, which was ‘inferior’ (Daniel 2:39) to that of Nebuchadnezzar…
Read Cambridge on Daniel 7 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAnd, behold, another beast, a second, like to a bear - That is, after the lion had appeared, and he had watched it until it had undergone these surprising transformations.
Read Albert Barnes on Daniel 7 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Suddenly another beast appeared, which looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. So it was told, ‘Get up and gorge yourself on flesh!’
“Behold, there was another animal, a second, like a bear. It was raised up on one side, and three ribs were in its mouth between its teeth. They said this to it: ‘Arise! Devour much flesh!’
Suddenly another beast appeared, which looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. So it was told, ‘Get up and gorge yourself on flesh!’
“Then a second beast appeared, like a bear. It was raised up on one side, and there were three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. It was told, ‘Get up and devour much flesh!’
Tyndale line
And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.
And, behold, another beast, a second, like to a bear; and it was raised up on one side, and three ribs were in its mouth between its teeth: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.
And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it was raised up on one side, and three ribs were in his mouth between his teeth: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.
And behold another beast, a second, like a bear, and it raised itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus to it, Arise, devour much flesh.
And beholde, another beast which was the second, was like a beare and stood vpon the one side: and hee had three ribbes in his mouth betweene his teeth, and they saide thus vnto him, Arise and deuoure much flesh.
Strictly literal
And behold, another beast, a second, like unto a bear, and it raised up itself on one side; and [it had] three ribs in its mouth between its teeth; and they said thus unto it: Arise, devour much flesh.
And lo, another beast, a second, like to a bear, and to the same authority it hath been raised, and three ribs [are] in its mouth, between its teeth, and thus they are saying to it, Rise, consume much flesh.
And behold, another beast, a second, like to a bear, and to the same authority it has been raised, and three ribs [are] in its mouth, between its teeth, and thus they are saying to it, Rise, consume much flesh.
And behold there was another, a second beast, like a bear, and on one side was it placed, with three ribs in its mouth between its teeth: and thus they said unto it, Arise, eat much flesh.
Then there was a second animal, like a bear, and it was bending over; it had three ribs between its teeth in its mouth. It was told, 'Get up and devour many people.'
From the Latin
And behold another beast like a bear stood up on one side: and there were three rows in the mouth thereof, and in the teeth thereof, and thus they said to it: Arise, devour much flesh.
Simplified
A second beast appeared, looking like a bear, hunched up on one side and holding three ribs in its mouth with its teeth. It was told, “Get up and eat all the flesh you can.”
And I saw another beast, like a bear, and it was lifted up on one side, and three side-bones were in its mouth, between its teeth: and they said to it, Up! take much flesh.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text, the Septuagint, and the Dead Sea Scrolls generally agree on the content of this verse. However, the scrolls show some restoration and editorial supply, indicating partial preservation of the text.
וַאֲר֣וּ חֵיוָה֩ אָחֳרִ֨י תִנְיָנָ֜ה דָּמְיָ֣ה לְדֹ֗ב וְלִשְׂטַר־ חַד֙ הֳקִמַ֔ת וּתְלָ֥ת עִלְעִ֛ין בְּפֻמַּ֖הּ בֵּ֣ין שִׁנַּ֑הּ וְכֵן֙ אָמְרִ֣ין לַ֔הּ ק֥וּמִֽי אֲכֻ֖לִי בְּשַׂ֥ר שַׂגִּֽיא׃
15 of the 21 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[וארו] [חיוה] [אחרי] [תנינה] [דמיה] [לדב] ולשטר [חד] [הקמת] [ותלת] [עלעין] [בפמ׳ה] [בין] [שני׳ה] [וכן] [אמרין] [ל׳ה] [קומי] [אכלי] בשר שגיא
2 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 18 supplied entire by an editor.
[אכולי] בשר שגיא
3 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 1 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Daniel 7:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֲרוּ (aruw) is an Aramaic interjection meaning 'behold' or 'lo.' It is related to the Hebrew word for 'woe' and is used to draw attention. The entries indicate its usage primarily as an expression of surprise or emphasis.
אֲרוּ interj. lo
base
H718 אֲרוּ
718 'aruw ar-oo'
(Aramaic) probably akin to 431; lo!:--behold,lo.
see HEBREW for 0431
אֲרוּ (a.ru) — behold!.
behold, lo
Aramaic of al.lay (אַלְלַי "woe!" H0480)
Adj | Part — Conjunction · particleAC/Tj
חֵיוָא (cheyva') is an Aramaic word meaning 'beast' or 'animal.' It derives from the root related to living things, specifically חַיָּה (chay.yah). The entries consistently define it as a type of animal without significant disagreement.
חֵיוָא, חֵיוָה n.f. beast
base
H2423 חֵיוָא, חֵיוָה
2423 cheyva' khay-vaw'
(Aramaic) from 2418; an animal:--beast.
see HEBREW for 02418
חֵיוָא (che.va) — beast.
beast, animal
Aramaic of chay.yah (חַיָּה "living thing" H2416C)
Adj — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteANcfsa
best: This word occurs often in both Old and New Testaments and denotes generally a mammal (though sometimes a reptile) in distinction to a man, a bird, or a fish. In this distinction the English is fairly in accord with the Hebrew and Greek originals. The commonest Hebrew words behemah and chai have their counterpart in the Arabic as do three others less often used, be`ir (Ge 45:17; Ex 22:5; Nu 20:8 the King James Version), nephesh (Le 24:18), and Tebhach (Pr 9:2). Behemah and A rabic bahimah are from a root signifying vagueness or dumbness and so denote primarily a dumb beast. Chai and Arabic chaiwan are from the root…
Beast
This word is used of flocks or herds of grazing animals (Ex. 22:5; Num. 20:4, 8, 11; Ps. 78:48); of beasts of burden (Gen. 45:17); of eatable beasts (Prov. 9:2); and of swift beasts or dromedaries (Isa. 60:6). In the New Testament it is used of a domestic animal as property (Rev. 18:13); as used for food (1 Cor. 15:39), for service (Luke 10:34; Acts…
אׇחֳרָן (ochoriy) is an Aramaic word meaning 'another' or 'other.' It derives from the root of אַחֵר (acher), which also means 'another.' The entries consistently define it in this way, with no noted disagreements.
אׇחֳרָן adj.m. another
base
H317 אׇחֳרָן
317 'ochoriy okh-or-ee'
(Aramaic) from 311; other:--(an-)other.
see HEBREW for 0311
אׇחֳרִי (o.cho.ri) — another.
other, another
Aramaic of a.cher (אַחֵר "another" H0312)
Adj — AdjAAabsa
תִּנְיָן (tinyan) means 'second' in Aramaic, derived from the word for 'two' (שְׁנַ֫יִם, H8147). It appears in the context of the Old Testament in Daniel 7:5.
[תִּנְיָן] adj. second;—fs. Dn 7:5.
ref
H8578 תִּנְיָן
8578 tinyan tin-yawn'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 8147; second:--second.
see HEBREW for 08147
תִּנְיָן (tin.yan) — second.
second
Aramaic of she.na.yim (שְׁנַ֫יִם "two" H8147)
Adj — AdjAAofsa
דְּמָה (dmah) means 'to be like' or 'to resemble.' It is an Aramaic verb corresponding to the Hebrew root דָּמָה (da.mah). The only Old Testament reference noted is Daniel 3:25.
[דְּמָה] vb. be like;—Pe. Dn 3:25
ref
H1821 דְּמָה
1821 dmah dem-aw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 1819; to resemble:--be like.
see HEBREW for 01819
דְּמָה (de.mah) — be like.
(P'al) to be like
Aramaic of da.mah (דָּמָה "to resemble" H1819)
Adj — Verb · Qal · participle (active) feminine singularAVqrfsa
דֹּב (dob) means 'bear' in Hebrew and is also noted in Aramaic. It is referenced in the context of the Old Testament, specifically in Daniel 7:5. The entries consistently identify this word as a noun referring to the animal.
דֹּב n.[m.] bear;—abs. Dn 7:5.
ref
H1678 דֹּב
1678 dob dobe
(Aramaic) corresponding to 1677:--bear.
see HEBREW for 01677
דֹּב (dov) — bear.
bear
Aramaic of dov (דֹּב "bear" H1677)
Adj | N-ms — Preposition · noun common both singular absoluteAR/Ncbsa
bar (dobh; compare Arabic dubb): In 1Sa 17:34-37, David tells Saul how as a shepherd boy he had overcome a lion and a bear. In 2Ki 2:24 it is related that two she bears came out of the wood and tore forty-two of the children who had been mocking Elisha. All the other references to bears are figurative; compare 2Sa 17:8; Pr 17:12; 28:15; Isa 11:7; 59:11; La 3:10; Da 7:5; Ho 13:8; Am 5:19;
Bear
A native of the mountain regions of Western Asia, frequently mentioned in Scripture. David defended his flocks against the attacks of a bear (1 Sam. 17:34-37). Bears came out of the wood and destroyed the children who mocked the prophet Elisha (2 Kings 2:24). Their habits are referred to in Isa. 59:11; Prov. 28:15; Lam. 3:10. The fury of the female bear when robbed of her young is spoken of (2 Sam. 17:8; Prov. 17:12; Hos. 13:8). In Daniel’s vision of the…
(1 Samuel 17:34; 2 Samuel 17:8) The Syrian bear, Ursus syriacus, which is without doubt the animal mentioned in the Bible, is still found on the higher mountains of Palestine. During the summer months these bears keep to the snowy parts of Lebanon, but descend in winter to the villages and Gardens. It is probable also that at this period in former days they extended their visits to other parts of Palestine.
That bears were common in Palestine appears from several passages in the Old Testament, 1Sa 17:34,36,37; 2Sa 17:8; 2Ki 2:24. The species known in Syria resembles the common brown bear; it is sill met in the recesses of Lebanon. To a sullen and ferocious disposition, the bear joins immense strength, considerable sagacity, and the power of climbing trees. Her ferocity, especially when her young are injured, is proverbial. See 2Sa 17:8; Pr 17:12; Isa 11:7; Ho 13:8.
שְׂטַר, transliterated as shtar, is a noun meaning 'side.' Its usage is noted in the context of Daniel 7:5, where it refers to a side in an unspecified manner. The lexicons indicate that its derivation is uncertain.
Adj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common both singular absoluteAC/R/Ncbsa
si'-de (Side): An ancient town of Pamphylia, occupying a triangular promontory on the coast. It was one of the towns to which a letter favorable to the Jews was sent by the Roman consul Lucius (1 Macc 15:23). The town seems to have been of considerable antiquity, for it had existed long before it fell into the possession of Alexander the Great, and for a time it was the metropolis of Pamphylia. Off the coast the fleet of Antiochus was defeated by the Rhodians. During the 1st century, Side was noted as one of the chief ports of pirates who disposed of much of their booty there. The ruins of the city, which are now very extensive, bear the name Eski Adalia, but among them there are no occupied houses. The two harbors protected by a sea wall may still be traced, but they are now filled with sand. The wall on the land side of the city was provided with a gate which was protected with round…
a city on the coast of Pamphylia, 10 or 12 miles to the east of the river Eurymedon. It is mentioned in 1 Macc. 15:23, and was a colony of Cumaeans.
The Hebrew word חַד (*chad*) means 'one' and can function as both a numeral and an indefinite article. It is derived from a related Aramaic term and conveys the idea of singularity or being first. The entries indicate its use in various contexts, including as an adverb meaning 'at once'.
H2298 חַד
2298 chad khad
(Aramaic) corresponding to 2297; as card. one; as article
single; as an ordinal, first; adverbially, at once:--a, first,
one, together.
see HEBREW for 02297
חַד (chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one
1b) a (indefinite article)
Adj — AdjAAcbsa
wun.
See NUMBER.
קוּם (qum) means to rise or stand, and encompasses a range of actions such as establishing, appointing, and enduring. It can denote both physical rising and figurative actions like coming on the scene or being made to stand. The entries reflect various grammatical forms, including P'al, Pael, Aphel, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
[קוּם] vb. arise, stand
Pe.
lit. arise
fig. = come on the scene of history
arise (out of inaction), and build
stand
Pa. set up, establish an ordinance
Haph.
set up
lift up one side
establish
appoint
Hoph. be made to stand
base
H6966 קוּם
6966 quwm koom
(Aramaic) corresponding to 6965:--appoint, establish, make,
raise up self, (a-)rise (up), (make to) stand, set (up).
see HEBREW for 06965
קוּם (qum) — to stand: rise.
: rise/get_going
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
1c1) to set up
1c2) to lift up
1c3) to establish
1c4) to appoint
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stand
קוּם (qum) — to stand: raise.
: raise
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
1c1) to set up
1c2) to lift up
1c3) to establish
1c4) to appoint
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stand
קוּם (qum) — to stand: establish.
: establish/stand_firm/confirm/fulfill/fix
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
Adj — Verb · Hophal · perfect third person feminine singularAVHp3fs
תְּלָת (tlath) is an Aramaic word meaning 'three' and can also refer to 'third' as an ordinal number. It appears in various forms, including תְּלָתָה and תְּלָתָא. The entries consistently highlight its numerical significance.
תְּלָת n.m., תְּלָתָה f., three
base
H8532 תְּלָת, תְּלָתָה, תְּלָתָא
8532 tlath tel-awth'
(Aramaic) masculine tlathah (Aramaic) {tel-aw-thaw'}; or
tlatha (Aramaic) {tel-aw-thaw'}; corresponding to 7969; three
or third:--third, three.
see HEBREW for 07969
תְּלָת (te.lat) — three.
1) three
1a) three (cardinal number)
1b) third (ordinal number)
Adj | Adj — ConjunctionAC/Acbsa
(shalosh; treis).
See NUMBER.
The phrase "three days and three nights," Mt 12:40, was equivalent in Hebrew to the English "three days;" the Jews employing the expression "a day and a night" to denote our "day" of twentyfour hours. Nor did "three days," 1Sa 30:13, literally "this third day," according to their usage, necessarily include the whole of three days, but a part of three days, a continuous period including one whole day of twenty-four hours, and a portion of the day preceding it and the day following it. Compare Ge 7:12,17 1Sa 30:12-13.
עֲלַע (ala) means 'rib' in Aramaic, corresponding to the Hebrew word צֵלָע (tse.la). It appears in the plural form in Daniel 7:5. The entries consistently define it as a rib without significant disagreement.
[עֲלַע] n.f. rib;—pl. abs. Dn 7:5.
ref
H5967 עֲלַע
5967 `ala` ; al-ah'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 6763; a rib:--rib.
see HEBREW for 06763
עֲלַע (a.la) — rib.
rib
Aramaic of tse.la (צֵלָע "side" H6763)
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteANcmpa
פֻּם (pum) means 'mouth' in Aramaic, likely derived from the Hebrew word for 'lip' (פֶּה, peh). The entries indicate that it can refer to the mouth in both a literal and figurative sense.
H6433 פֻּם
6433 pum poom
(Aramaic) probably for 6310; the mouth (literally or
figuratively):--mouth.
see HEBREW for 06310
פֻּם (pum) — mouth.
mouth
Aramaic of peh (פֶּה ": lip" H6310)
Adj | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common both singular construct · suffixAR/Ncbsc/Sp3fs
בֵּין (beyn) means 'between' and is used as a preposition. It is related to the Aramaic word for 'between' and is linked to another Hebrew word, בַּ֫יִן (bayin). The entries consistently define it as indicating a position or relationship among items.
בֵּין prep. between (BH [בַּ֫יִן])
base
H997 בֵּין between (BH [בַּ֫יִן])
997 beyn bane
(Aramaic) corresponding to 996:--among, between.
see HEBREW for 0996
בֵּין (ben) — between.
between
Aramaic of ben (בַּ֫יִן ": between" H0996)
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular constructANcmsc
The Hebrew word שֵׁן (*shen*) means 'tooth.' It is noted as a feminine noun and has a direct correspondence to the Aramaic form. The entries consistently define it simply as 'tooth,' with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[שֵׁן] n.[f.] tooth
base
H8128 שֵׁן
8128 shen shane
(Aramaic) corresponding to 8127; a tooth:--tooth.
see HEBREW for 08127
שֵׁן (shen) — tooth.
tooth
Aramaic of shen (שֵׁן ": tooth" H8127)
Adj | Art — Noun common both singular construct · suffixANcbsc/Sp3fs
כֵּן (ken) is an adverb meaning 'thus' or 'so.' It is derived from an Aramaic root and is used to indicate a manner or way of doing something. The entries consistently define it in this way, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
כֵּן adv. thus, as follows
base
H3652 כֵּן
3652 ken kane
(Aramaic) corresponding to 3651; so:--thus.
see HEBREW for 03651
כֵּן (ken) — thus.
thus, so, as follows
Aramaic of ken (כֵּן "so" H3651C)
Adj | Adv — Conjunction · adverbAC/D
אֲמַר (amar) means to say, tell, command, or speak. It is used in various contexts to express communication or declaration. The word is related to the Aramaic form and is linked to another Hebrew root, אָמַר (H0559). The entries consistently emphasize its verbal nature without significant disagreement.
אֲמַר 71 vb. say, tell, command
base
H560 אֲמַר say, tell, command
560 'amar am-ar'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 559:--command, declare, say,
speak, tell.
see HEBREW for 0559
אֲמַר (a.mar) — to say.
(P'al) to say, to speak, to command, to tell, to relate
Aramaic of a.mar (אָמַר "to say" H0559)
Adj — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine pluralAVqrmpa
הָ (ha) — her.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person feminine singular
AR/Sp3fs — Preposition · suffixAR/Sp3fs
קוּם (qum) means to rise or stand, and encompasses a range of actions such as establishing, appointing, and enduring. It can denote both physical rising and figurative actions like coming on the scene or being made to stand. The entries reflect various grammatical forms, including P'al, Pael, Aphel, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
[קוּם] vb. arise, stand
Pe.
lit. arise
fig. = come on the scene of history
arise (out of inaction), and build
stand
Pa. set up, establish an ordinance
Haph.
set up
lift up one side
establish
appoint
Hoph. be made to stand
base
H6966 קוּם
6966 quwm koom
(Aramaic) corresponding to 6965:--appoint, establish, make,
raise up self, (a-)rise (up), (make to) stand, set (up).
see HEBREW for 06965
קוּם (qum) — to stand: rise.
: rise/get_going
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
1c1) to set up
1c2) to lift up
1c3) to establish
1c4) to appoint
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stand
קוּם (qum) — to stand: raise.
: raise
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
1c1) to set up
1c2) to lift up
1c3) to establish
1c4) to appoint
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stand
קוּם (qum) — to stand: establish.
: establish/stand_firm/confirm/fulfill/fix
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
Adj — Verb · Qal · imperative second person feminine singularAVqv2fs
אֲכַל (akal) means to eat or devour, primarily used in the context of animals consuming food. It can also imply slander in a figurative sense, as in 'eating their pieces.' The word is closely related to the Aramaic term corresponding to it, indicating a shared semantic field.
[אֲכַל] vb. eat, devour
base
H399 אֲכַל eat, devour
399 'akal ak-al'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 398:--+ accuse, devour, eat.
see HEBREW for 0398
אֲכַל (a.khal) — to devour.
1) to eat, devour
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to eat (of beasts)
1a2) to devour
1a3) eat their pieces (in a phrase, that is, slander them)
Adj — Verb · Qal · imperative second person feminine singularAVqv2fs
בְּשַׁר (be.shar) means 'flesh' in Hebrew and is an Aramaic term corresponding to the Hebrew word בָּשָׂר (ba.sar, H1320). The entries consistently define it as flesh without additional nuances or disagreements.
בְּשַׁר n.m. flesh
base
H1321 בְּשַׁר
1321 bsar bes-ar'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 1320:--flesh.
see HEBREW for 01320
בְּשַׁר (be.shar) — flesh.
flesh
Aramaic of ba.sar (בָּשָׂר "flesh" H1320)
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteANcbsa
@basar, she'er):
1. Etymology:
Used in all senses of the word, the latter, however, most frequently in the sense of kin, family, relationship (compare sha'arah, "kins-woman," Le 18:17): Le 18:6; 25:49; Pr 11:17; Jer 51:35, and probably Ps 73:26. In all other places she'er means "flesh" = body (Pr 5:11) or = food (Ps 78:20,27; Mic 3:2,3). Tibhchah, is "(slaughtered) flesh for food," "butcher's meat" (1Sa…
Flesh
In the Old Testament denotes (1) a particular part of the body of man and animals (Gen. 2:21; 41:2; Ps. 102:5, marg.); (2) the whole body (Ps. 16:9); (3) all living things having flesh, and particularly humanity as a whole (Gen. 6:12, 13); (4) mutability and weakness (2 Chr. 32:8; comp. Isa. 31:3; Ps. 78:39). As suggesting the idea of softness it is used in the expression “heart of flesh” (Ezek. 11:19). The expression “my flesh and bone” (
[FLOOD]
The substance of which the bodies of men and animals are composed. In the Bible, besides the ordinary sense, Job 33:25, it denotes mankind as a race, Ge 6:12 Ps 145:21 Isa 40:5-6; and all living creatures on the earth, Ge 6:17,19. It is often used in opposition to "spirit," as we use body and soul, Job 14:22; and sometimes means the body as animated and sensitive, Mt 26:41, and the seat of bodily appetites, Pr 5:11
שַׂגִּיא (saggiy') is an Aramaic word meaning 'great' or 'much,' and can also function adverbially as 'exceedingly.' It encompasses a range of meanings related to size and quantity, including 'many' and 'very.' The entries consistently emphasize its use in describing large amounts or degrees.
שַׂגִּיא adj. great, much
base
H7690 שַׂגִּיא
7690 saggiy' sag-ghee'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 7689; large (in size, quantity or
number, also adverbial):--exceeding, great(-ly); many, much,
sore, very.
see HEBREW for 07689
שַׂגִּיא (sag.gi) — greatly.
adj
1) great, much
1a) great
1b) much, many
adv
2) exceedingly
AAabsa — AAabsa