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2 Samuel 23:36 — Word Study

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WLCיִגְאָ֤ל בֶּן־ נָתָן֙ מִצֹּבָ֔ה ס בָּנִ֖י הַגָּדִֽי׃ ס

BSAIgalYigʼâl [He redeems, a common name] sonbên [a descendant or grandson] of NathanNâthân [a prophet, a giver] of ZobahTsôwbâʼ [a region in Syria] BaniBânîy [built, a Gadite warrior] the GaditeGâdîy [a descendant of Gad, one of Israel's twelve sons]

Word
Listen & take away2 Samuel 23
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 36 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.ga.Di) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
2 Samuel 23:36quick helps
In a sentenceIgal, son of Nathan from Zobah, and Bani the Gadite are mentioned as warriors.
Who is speakingThe narrator listing David's warriors.
Where we areA list of notable warriors serving under King David.
The hard wordיִגְאָ֤ל
Take awayThese names highlight the diverse backgrounds of David's mighty men.
5 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — 2 Samuel 23:36

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Mighty Warriors of Davidgenerated

35Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,
36Igal son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,
37Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
38Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,

2 Samuel 23:36 lists the names of some of David's warriors, emphasizing their bravery and loyalty. This passage highlights the diverse backgrounds of these men, showcasing their significance in David's reign and military campaigns. The context of this verse is part of a broader narrative that celebrates the achievements of David's elite soldiers, as seen in the preceding and following verses.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
11 Chronicles 11:38Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar son of Hagri,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יִגְאָ֤ל, yig.'Algenerated

The name יִגְאָ֤ל (yig'al) means 'He redeems' and is a common name in the Bible. It refers to several individuals, including a warrior of King David and a spy from the tribe of Issachar. The parsing indicates that it is a proper masculine noun, suggesting a specific individual rather than a general concept.

Igal appears in the context of David's warriors, which underscores the importance of his role in the military. The name's meaning, 'He redeems,' may carry connotations of valor and deliverance, fitting for a warrior serving under a king.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main clause is structured around a noun phrase that identifies Igal as the subject: יִגְאָ֤ל, Igal. The phrase continues with additional noun phrases that provide his lineage and origin, and concludes with a prepositional phrase indicating his association with Zobah.

The sentence structure emphasizes the lineage and identity of Igal and Bani, presenting them as notable figures within the list of David's mighty men.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates יִגְאָ֤ל as ιγααλ, maintaining the name's identity. This choice reflects a direct transliteration rather than a translation of meaning, which is common for proper names.

The word order in the Septuagint may differ from the Hebrew, but the essential elements remain intact, preserving the identities of the individuals mentioned.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

2 Samuel 23:36 lists Igal, son of Nathan from Zobah, and Bani the Gadite as part of David's warriors. These names highlight the diverse backgrounds of David's mighty men and their contributions during his reign.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Who was Igal?

Igal was a warrior of King David, known for his bravery and loyalty, and his name means 'He redeems.'

What does the term 'Gadite' signify?

The term 'Gadite' refers to a member of the tribe of Gad, one of the twelve tribes of Israel, indicating Bani's lineage.

What is the significance of listing these names?

Listing these names emphasizes the valor and contributions of David's warriors, showcasing the diverse backgrounds of those who served him.

How does this verse connect to the overall narrative of David's reign?

This verse is part of a broader narrative celebrating the achievements of David's elite soldiers, highlighting their loyalty and bravery.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What qualities do you think made Igal and Bani significant warriors for David?
  2. How do the names of David's warriors reflect the diversity of Israel's tribes?
  3. In what ways can we honor the contributions of those who serve in our communities today?
  4. How does understanding the backgrounds of these warriors enhance your reading of David's story?

Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on 2 Samuel 23:36 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah,.... kingdom in Syria, 2 Samuel 8:3; according to Hillerus (s) the same with Joel, 1 Chronicles 11:38; Bani the Gadite; who was of the tribe of Gad, as the Targum; in

Read John Gill on 2 Samuel 23 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite, Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah.

Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Samuel 23 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(36) Igal.—Chronicles has Joel. The two names differ in Hebrew only in one letter, and that a very similar one; but he is described here as the son of Nathan of Zobah, in Chronicles as the brother of Nathan. Brother is in Hebrew ahi, and some MSS. in Chronicles read the son of Ahinathan. If this be accepted, the only difference would be in the form of a name, Nathan or Ahinathan.Bani the Gadite.—In Chronicles Mibhar the son of Haggeri. Entirely unlike as these readings appear, they are not so very different in the original. Mibhar is for Zobah of the previous clause, a word at present missing in Chronicles; the son of (Ben) is for Bani; and the Gadite (with the article) differs from Haggeri…

Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Samuel 23 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

36. Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah] In Chron. “Joel the brother of Nathan.” The consonants of Igal (ιπΰμ) and Joel (ιεΰμ) are so similar that one or other of the names is probably corrupt. Igal occurs in Numbers 13:7; 1 Chronicles 3:22. If the text is correct he was a Syrian of Zobah. See note on ch. 2 Samuel 8:3. Bani the Gadite] This is probably the true reading, and Mibhar the son of Haggeri in 1 Chronicles 11:38 is a corruption of the words here of Zobah Bani the Gadite.

Read Cambridge on 2 Samuel 23 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

It is remarkable that we have several foreigners at this part of the list: Igal of Zobah, Zelek the Ammonite, Uriah the Hittite, and perhaps Nahari the Beerothite.

Read Albert Barnes on 2 Samuel 23 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Igal son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Igal son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

NETBNew English Translation2006

Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

RVARevised Version, American1894

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani, the Gadite,

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Igal the sonne of Nathan of Zobah: Bani the Gadite:

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Yigal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani from the tribe of Gad,

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Igaal the son of Nathan of Soba, Bonni of Gadi,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Igal, son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Igal, the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · subjectnoun phrasenoun phraseיִגְאָ֤לIgalnoun phraseבֶּןthe.sonנָתָן֙of.Nathanprepositional phraseמִfromצֹּבָ֔הZobahnoun phraseבָּנִ֖יBaninoun phraseהַtheגָּדִֽיGadite

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in this verse, with five of the six words matched. The Septuagint's rendering shows a similar structure but follows its own word order.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יִגְאָ֤ל בֶּן־ נָתָן֙ מִצֹּבָ֔ה ס בָּנִ֖י הַגָּדִֽי׃ ס

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יִגְאָ֤לιγααλבֶּן־υἱὸςנָתָן֙ναθανמִצֹּבָ֔ה סδυνάμεωςהַגָּדִֽי׃ סγαδδι

5 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

2 Samuel 23:36יִגְאָלIgalIgalיִגְאָלבֵּן[the] son o[the] son ofבֵּןנָתָןNathanNathanנָתָןצוֹבָאfrom Zobahfrom ZobahצוֹבָאבָּנִיBaniBaniבָּנִיגָּדִיthe Gaditethe Gaditeגָּדִיבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהגָּאַלto redeem:to redeem: redeגָּאַלנָתַןto give: gto give: giveנָתַןגָּדGadGadגָּדבֵּןson: childson: childבֵּןעַמּוֹןAmmonAmmonעַמּוֹןרְאוּבֵןReubenReubenרְאוּבֵןבְּנָיָ֫הוּBenaiahBenaiahבְּנָיָ֫הוּצָדוֹקZadokZadokצָדוֹקרְחוֹבRehobRehobרְחוֹבהֲדַדְעֶ֫זֶרהֲדַדְעֶ֫זֶרבֻּנִּיBunniBunniבֻּנִּיהוֹדִיָּהHodiahHodiahהוֹדִיָּהמְנַשִּׁיManassiteManassiteמְנַשִּׁירְאוּבֵנִיReubeniteReubeniteרְאוּבֵנִי
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in 2 Samuel 23:36

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

Igal [the] son of Nathan from Zobah Bani the Gadite
יִגְאָ֤לyig.'Al Igal H3008 Noun proper masculine
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Igal was a common name in the Bible, meaning He redeems, given to three different Israelites, including a son of Joseph and a warrior of King David. They lived during the time of the Divided Monarchy and the United Monarchy.
Amplified meaning
He redeems, a common name
Tyndale gloss
Igal
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יִגְאָל (yig'al) means "He redeems" and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament. Notable figures include a spy from the tribe of Issachar, a warrior of David, and a descendant of Zerubbabel. The name appears in Numbers 13:7, 2 Samuel 23:36, and 1 Chronicles 3:22.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יִגְאָל n.pr.m. (He redeems)

one of the spies

one of David’s heroes

descendant of Zerubbabel

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3008 יִגְאָל

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3008 Yig'al yig-awl'

from 1350; avenger; Jigal, the name of three

Israelites:--Igal, Igeal.

see HEBREW for 01350

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יִגְאָל (yig.al) — Igal.

A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at Num.13.7;

son of: Joseph (H3130H)

§ Igal or Igeal = "He redeems"

1) son of Joseph and a spy from the tribe of Issachar

2) son of Nathan of Zobah, one of David's mighty warriors

3) a son of Shemaiah and descendant of Zerubbabel

יִגְאָל (yig.al) — Igal.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Sa.23.36;

son of: Nathan (H5416I)

§ Igal or Igeal = "He redeems"

1) son of Joseph and a spy from the tribe of Issachar

2) son of Nathan of Zobah, one of David's mighty warriors

3) a son of Shemaiah and descendant of Zerubbabel

יִגְאָל (yig.al) — Igal.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.3.22;

son of: Shemaiah (H8098B);

brother of: Hattush (H2407), Bariah (H1282), Neariah (H5294) and Shaphat (H8202I)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

i'-gal (yigh'al, "he (God) redeems"; Septuagint variously Igal, Gaal, Ieol):

(1) One of the twelve spies sent by Moses from the wilderness of Paran; son of Joseph, tribe of Issachar (Nu 13:7).

(2) One of David's heroes, son of Nathan of Zobah (2Sa 23:36). In 1Ch 11:38 he is "Joe (yo'el), the brother of Nathan."

(3) Son of Shemaiah of the royal house of David, descendant of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:22, the King James Version "Igeal").

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Igal

Avengers. (1.) Num. 13:7, one of the spies of the tribe of Issachar. (2.) Son of Nathan of Zobah, and one of David’s warriors (2 Sam. 23:36). (3.) 1 Chr. 3:22.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(whom God will avenge). One of the spies, son of Joseph, of the tribe of Issachar. (Numbers 13:7) (B.C. 1490.) One of the heroes of David’s guard, son of Nathan of Zobah. (2 Samuel 23:36) (B.C. 1046.)

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

redeemed; defiled

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Igal [the] son of Nathan from Zobah Bani the Gadite
בֶּן־ben- [the] son of H1121 Noun common · masculine singular construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
a descendant or grandson
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

Igal [the] son of Nathan from Zobah Bani the Gadite
נָתָן֙na.Tan Nathan H5416 Noun proper masculine
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Nathan was a prophet in the time of King David and Solomon, and his name means 'giver' in Hebrew, as mentioned in 1 Kings and 1 Chronicles.
Amplified meaning
a prophet, a giver
Tyndale gloss
Nathan
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָתָן (natan) means "giver" and refers primarily to Nathan, a notable figure in the Old Testament. He is recognized as a son of David by Bathsheba and a prominent prophet during David's reign. The entries list various individuals named Nathan, including warriors and leaders, indicating a range of roles within Israel's history, particularly during the United Monarchy.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָתָן 42 n.pr.m.

a son of David

the prophet of David’s time

father of one of David’s heroes

father of officers of Solomon

name in Judah

companion of Ezra from Babylon

one of those who took strange wives

head of a family

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5416 נָתָן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5416 Nathan naw-thawn'

from 5414; given; Nathan, the name of five

Israelites:--Nathan.

see HEBREW for 05414

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָתָן (na.tan) — Nathan.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.5.14;

son of: David (H1732) and Bathsheba (H1339);

brother of: Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727) and Solomon (H8010);

half-brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N);

father of: Mattatha (G3160)

Also named: Nathan (Ναθάν "Nathan" G3481)

§ Nathan = "giver"

1) a son of David by Bathsheba

2) the eminent prophet in the time of David and Solomon

3) a man of Zobah, father of one of David's mighty warriors

4) father of Azariah who was over the officers of Solomon

5) son of Attai and father of Zabad of the tribe of Judah

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Nathan

Given. (1.) A prophet in the reigns of David and Solomon (2 Chr. 9:29). He is first spoken of in connection with the arrangements David made for the building of the temple (2 Sam. 7:2, 3, 17), and next appears as the reprover of David on account of his sin with Bathsheba (12:1-14). He was charged with the education of Solomon (12:25), at whose inauguration to the throne he took a prominent part (1 Kings 1:8, 10, 11, 22-45). His two sons, Zabad (1 Chr. 2:36) and Azariah (1 Kings 4:5) occupied places of honour at the king’s court. He last appears in assisting David in reorganizing the public worship (

(a giver). An eminent Hebrew prophet in the reigns of David and Solomon. (B.C. 1015.) He first appears in the consultation with David about the building of the temple. (2 Samuel 7:2,3,17) He next comes forward as the reprover of David for the sin with Bathsheba; and his famous apologue on the rich man and the ewe lamb, which is the only direct example of his prophetic power, shows it to have been of a very high order. (2 Samuel 12:1-12) A son of David; one of the four who were borne to him by Bathsheba. (1 Chronicles 3:5) comp, 1Chr 14:4 and 2Sam 5:14 Son or brother of one of the members of David’s guard. (

1. A Hebrew prophet, Zec 12:12; a friend and counselor of David. He approved the king’s purpose of building a temple to the lord, but by divine direction transferred this accomplishment to Solomon, 2Sa 7:1-17. By a fine parable, pointedly applied, he convicted David of his guilt in respect to Uriah and Bathsheba, 2Sa 12:1-31 Ps 51:1-19; and his bold fidelity here seems to have been appreciated by David, see NATHAN 2, and is worthy of everlasting remembrance. Solomon was probably educated under his care, 2Sa 12:25; and was effectually aided by him in his peaceful succession to the throne, 1Ki 1.1-53. He wrote some…

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

given; giving; rewarded

Igal [the] son of Nathan from Zobah Bani the Gadite
מִצֹּבָ֔ה סmi.tzo.Vah from Zobah H6678 Preposition · noun proper
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Zobah was a region in Syria, mentioned in 1 Samuel 14:47, where King Saul fought battles. It was a separate kingdom during the times of Saul, David, and Solomon.
Amplified meaning
a region in Syria
Tyndale gloss
Zobah
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צוֹבָא (Tsowba') refers to Zobah, a region in Syria known as a separate kingdom during the times of Saul, David, and Solomon. The name is derived from an unused root meaning 'to station.' The entries consistently identify it as a geographical location, specifically northeast of Damascus.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צוֹבָא, צוֹבָה n.pr.terr. an Aramaean kingdom, time of (Saul and) David

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6678 צוֹבָא, צוֹבָה, חֲמַת צוֹבָה, צֹבָא

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6678 Tsowba' tso-baw'

or Tsowbah {tso-baw'}; or Tsobah {tso-baw'}; from an unused

root meaning to station; a station; Zoba or Zobah, a region of

Syria:--Zoba, Zobah.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צוֹבָא (tso.va) — Zobah.

§ Zoba or Zobah = "station"

the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus

צוֹבָא (tso.va) — Zobah.

Zoba or Zobah = "station"

the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus

Another name of tso.va (צוֹבָא "Zobah" H6678G)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun proper
HR/Npl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

zo'-ba (tsobhah; Souba): The name is derived by Halevy from zehobhah as referring to its supplies of "bright yellow" brass; but this word might be more appropriately used to contrast its cornfields with white Lebanon. Zobah was an Aramean kingdom of which we have the first notice in Saul's wars (1Sa 14:47).

(1) David's First War.

When David sought to extend his boundary to the Euphrates, he came into contact with its king Hadadezer, and a great battle was fought in which David took many prisoners. Damascus, however, came to the rescue and fresh resistance was made, but a complete rout followed and great spoil fell to the victor, as well as access to the rich copper mines of Tebah and Berothai. Toi, king of Hamath, who had suffered in war with Hadadezer, now sent his son on an embassy with greetings and gifts to David (

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

A country of Syria, whose king carried on war with Saul and David, 1Sa 14:47 2Sa 8:3 10:6. It seems to have lain near Damascus, and to have included the city Hamath conquered by Solomon, 2Ch 8:3, but also to have extended towards the Euphrates, 2Sa 8:3.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Zobebah, an army; warring

Igal [the] son of Nathan from Zobah Bani the Gadite
בָּנִ֖יba.Ni Bani H1137 Noun proper masculine
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Bani, meaning built, was the name of several Israelites, including a Gadite warrior, a Levite, and a man from Judah. One Bani returned from captivity with Zerubbabel, as noted in Ezra 2:10.
Amplified meaning
built, a Gadite warrior
Tyndale gloss
Bani
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּנִי (Bani) is a Hebrew name meaning "built." It refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including a Gadite warrior, Levites, and a man from Judah. Bani appears in various contexts, such as during the time of David and the return from Babylonian exile, with mentions in passages like 2 Samuel 23:36 and Ezra 10:34.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בָּנִי n.pr.m.

one of David’s heroes

Levites

a man of Judah

rd.

heads of families of Isr.

an Israelite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1137 בָּנִי

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1137 Baniy baw-nee'

from 1129; built; Bani, the name of five Israelites:--Bani.

see HEBREW for 01129

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּנִי (ba.ni) — Bani.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Sa.23.36

§ Bani = "built"

1) a Gadite, one of David's mighty warriors

2) a Levite of the line of Merari, and forefather to Ethan

3) a man of Judah of the line of Pharez

4) "children of Bani" returned from captivity with Zerubbabel

5) one or up to three Levites in Nehemiah's time

בָּנִי (ba.ni) — Bani.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.6.46;

son of: Shemer (H8106);

father of: Amzi (H0557)

§ Bani = "built"

1) a Gadite, one of David's mighty warriors

2) a Levite of the line of Merari, and forefather to Ethan

3) a man of Judah of the line of Pharez

4) "children of Bani" returned from captivity with Zerubbabel

5) one or up to three Levites in Nehemiah's time

בָּנִי (ba.ni) — Bani.

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ba'-ni (bani, "posterity"):

(1) A Gadite, one of David's mighty men (2Sa 23:36).

(2) A Levite whose son was appointed for service in the tabernacle at David's time (1Ch 6:46).

(3) A Judahite whose son lived in Jerusalem after the captivity (1Ch 9:4).

(4) The descendants of Bani (called Binnui, Ne 7:15) returned with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:10) and had taken "strange wives" (Ezr 10:29).

(5) Bani who had taken a "strange wife" (Ezr 10:38) mentioned with his brothers, the sons of Bani who also had taken "strange wives" (

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Bani

Built. (1.) 1 Chr. 6:46. (2.) One of David’s thirty-seven warriors, a Gadite (2 Sam. 23:36). (3.) Ezra 2:10; 10:29,34,38. (4.) A Levite who was prominent in the reforms on the return from Babylon (Neh. 8:7; 9:4,5). His son Rehum took part in rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:17).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(built). A Gadite, one of David’s mighty men. (2 Samuel 23:36) (B.C. 1046.) A Levite of the line of Merari, and forefather to Ethan. (1 Chronicles 6:46) A man of Judah of the line of Pharez. (1 Chronicles 9:4) "Children of Bani" returned from captivity with Zerubbabel. (Ezra 2:10; 10:29,34; Nehemiah 10:14) 1 Esd. 5:12. [BINNUI; MANI] An Israelite "of the sons of Bani." (Ezra 10:38) A Levite. (Nehemiah 3:17) A Levite. (Nehemiah 8:7; 9:4,5; 10:13) Another Levite…

Nave's Topical Bible

1. A Gadite 2Sa 23:36

2. A Levite 1Ch 6:46

3. A descendant of Pharez 1Ch 9:4

4. Father of returned exiles Ezr 2:10; 10:29

Called BINNUI Ne 7:15

5. A Levite of the returned exiles Ne 3:17; 8:7; 9:4,5; 10:13; 11:22

Igal [the] son of Nathan from Zobah Bani the Gadite
הַגָּדִֽי׃ סha.ga.Di the Gadite H1425 Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The term Gad refers to the descendants of Gad, one of the twelve sons of Israel. The Gadites were a tribe that lived during the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned in Genesis 30:11. They were part of the Israelite community.
Amplified meaning
a descendant of Gad, one of Israel's twelve sons
Tyndale gloss
Gad
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּדִי (Gadiy) refers to a member of the tribe of Gad, one of the tribes of Israel. The term is derived from the name Gad, who was a son of Jacob and Zilpah, and it encompasses the descendants of Gad. The word is associated with meanings like 'invader' or 'troop.' It is first mentioned in Genesis 30:11.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּדִי adj.gent. Gadite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1425 גָּדִי Gadite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1425 Gadiy gaw-dee'

patronymically from 1410; a Gadite (collectively) or

descendants of Gad:--Gadites, children of Gad.

see HEBREW for 01410

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּדִי (ga.di) — Gad.

Spomeone from the tribe of Gad living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.30.11;

son of: Israel (H3478) and Zilpah (H2153);

brother of: Asher (H0836);

half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);

father of: Ziphion (H6837), Haggi (H2291), Shuni (H7764), Ezbon (H0675), Eri (H6179), Arod (H0720) and Areli (H0692)

Another name of gad (גָּד "Gad" H1410G)

§ Gadite = "an invader: a troop: fortune"

one of the tribe descended from Gad

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ngmsa
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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