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1 Chronicles 4:24 — Word Study

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WLCבְּנֵ֖י שִׁמְע֑וֹן נְמוּאֵ֣ל וְיָמִ֔ין יָרִ֖יב זֶ֥רַח שָׁאֽוּל׃

BSAThe descendantsbên [sons, offspring] of SimeonShimʻôwn [Shimeon, the second son of Jacob] NemuelNᵉmûwʼêl [day of God] JaminYâmîyn [right hand] JaribYârîyb [he will contend] ZerahZerach [rising, shining] and ShaulShâʼûwl [desired, asked for]

Word
Listen & take away1 Chronicles 4
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 24 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (sha.'Ul) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
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1 Chronicles 4:24quick helps
In a sentenceThis verse lists the descendants of Simeon, naming five of his sons.
Who is speakingThe chronicler, documenting the lineage of the tribes of Israel.
Where we areIn a genealogical record detailing the descendants of Simeon.
The hard wordבְּנֵ֖י
Take awayThis verse emphasizes the importance of lineage and heritage in Israel.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 4:24

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Descendants of Simeongenerated

23These were the potters who lived at Netaim and Gederah. They lived there in the service of the king.
24The descendants of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul.
25The sons of Shaul: Shallum, Mibsam, and Mishma.
26The sons of Mishma: Hammuel, Zaccur, and Shimei.

1 Chronicles 4:24 provides a record of the descendants of Simeon, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. This genealogy highlights the names of Simeon's sons, establishing their place within the broader narrative of Israel's history. Genealogies like this serve to connect individuals to their ancestral roots and affirm tribal identities, which were significant in ancient Israelite society.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Genesis 46:10The sons of Simeon: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman.
2Exodus 6:15The sons of Simeon were Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul, the son of a Canaanite woman. These were the clans of Simeon.
3Numbers 26:12–14These were the descendants of Simeon by their clans: The Nemuelite clan from Nemuel, the Jaminite clan from Jamin, the Jachinite clan from Jachin,
4Genesis 46:10The sons of Simeon: Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word בְּנֵ֖י, be.Neigenerated

The word בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'descendant' and is used in a variety of contexts to denote familial relationships. It can refer not only to a son but also to a grandson or a member of a tribe, emphasizing the importance of lineage.

In this verse, בְּנֵי is in the masculine plural construct form, indicating multiple descendants of Simeon. This grammatical structure shows a direct relationship to the individuals named in the verse, underscoring their significance as part of Simeon's lineage.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main clause of the verse is structured around the noun phrase בְּנֵ֖י שִׁמְע֑וֹן, which means 'the descendants of Simeon.' This noun phrase serves as the subject, introducing the lineage being discussed.

The predicate follows, listing the names of Simeon's sons. The structure is straightforward, emphasizing the names as the focal point of the genealogical record.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates בְּנֵי as υἱοὶ (huioi), which also means 'sons' or 'children.' This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the familial context.

The Greek translation retains the focus on lineage, consistent with the Hebrew text, and underscores the importance of these names in the heritage of Israel.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

1 Chronicles 4:24 lists the descendants of Simeon, naming five of his sons: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul. This genealogy highlights the importance of family lines in Israel's history.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Who were the descendants of Simeon mentioned in this verse?

The verse mentions five sons of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul.

What is the significance of genealogies in the Bible?

Genealogies serve to establish lineage, identity, and inheritance rights within the tribes of Israel, connecting individuals to their ancestors.

What does the name Nemuel mean?

The name Nemuel means 'day of God.'

What does the name Jamin signify?

The name Jamin means 'right hand,' indicating a position of favor or strength.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What can we learn about the importance of family and lineage from this verse?
  2. How do genealogies contribute to our understanding of biblical history?
  3. In what ways do the names of Simeon's sons reflect their identities or roles?
  4. How can we apply the concept of heritage and ancestry in our own lives today?

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 4:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The sons of Simeon,.... The account of whom, next to the tribe of Judah, is given before Reuben, because its inheritance lay in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 19:1 his sons were Nemuel, the same with

Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 4 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The sons of Simeon were, Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul: The sons of Simeon. They are classed along with those of Judah, as their possession was partly taken out of the extensive territory of the latter (Joshua 19:1).

Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 4 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The sons of Simeon: these are here joined with Judah, because their possession was taken out of Judah’ s portion, . This account seems to differ from that Genesis 46, both in the number and names of the persons, which is not strange, considering how customary it was amongst the Hebrews for one person to have two or three names given to him upon several occasions. And for Ohad, , he may be omitted here, because he left no posterity or family after him, as the rest did.

Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 4 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

1 Chronicles 4:24 The sons of Simeon [were], Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, [and] Shaul:Ver. 24. And the sons of Simeon.] His genealogy is set down next to that of Judah, because his lot fell out to be in the tribe of Judah, for most part, though his posterity took part with the other nine tribes in the revolt from Judah and Benjamin, who clave still to the house of David. Of this tribe was that shameless fornicator, Zimri, as also Judas Iscariot, as Jerome affirmeth.

Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 4 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

III.—THE TRIBE OF SIMEON: ITS CLANS, AND THEIR AND (1 Chronicles 4:24-43). (24) The sons of Simeon.—The Pentateuch contains three lists of sons of Simeon, viz., Genesis 46:10, Exodus 6:15, and Numbers 26:12. Genesis and Exodus name six sons; Numbers agrees with the Chronicles in naming five, the Ohad of Genesis and Exodus being omitted. In place of our Jarib Numbers has Jachin; the other names are the same. Genesis and Exodus read Jemuel and Zohar for Nemuel and Zerah. Exodus 6:15 calls Shaul “son of a Canaanitess.” The mixed race of Shaul was the only Simeonite clan that became populous (1 Chronicles 4:25-27). The other clans are not further noticed by this genealogy.

Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 4 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 24. The sons of Simeon] This genealogy is very different from that given in Genesis 46:10, and Numbers 26:12. This may be occasioned by the same person having several names, one list taking one name, another list some other, and so on: to reconcile is impossible; to attempt it, useless.

Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 4 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

24–27. The Genealogy of Simeon 24. The sons of Simeon] in Genesis 46:10 and Exodus 6:15 we have six sons of Simeon named as against five here;—Jemuel (here Nemuel), Jamin (as here), Ohad (not mentioned here), Jachin (here Jarib), Zohar (here Zerah), and Shaul (as here). In Numbers 26:12-13 the same list is given as here (except that Jachin stands for Jarib), and descendants are ascribed to the five. Ohad is omitted from Num. and Chron., perhaps as having no children.

Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 4 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The descendants of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The sons of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul;

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The descendants of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul.

NETBNew English Translation2006

The descendants of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ The sons of Simeon were, Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

The sons of Simeon: Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul;

RVARevised Version, American1894

The sons of Simeon; Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul:

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The sons of Simeon were Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul:

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The sonnes of Simeon were Nemuel, and Iamin, Iarib, Zerah, and Shaul,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

The sons of Simeon: Nemuel and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, [and] Saul;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Sons of Simeon: Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul;

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Sons of Simeon: Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul;

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The sons of Simeon: Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerach, and Saul.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Simeon's descendants were Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The sons of Simeon: Namuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zara, Saul:

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The sons of Simeon: Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, and Shaul.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The sons of Simeon: Nemuel and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · subjectבְּנֵ֖יthe.descendantsשִׁמְע֑וֹןof.Simeonnoun phrase · predicateנְמוּאֵ֣ל[were].Nemuelוְandיָמִ֔יןJaminיָרִ֖יבJaribזֶ֥רַחZerahשָׁאֽוּלShaul

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the names listed in this verse, with both texts providing a consistent account of Simeon's descendants. The Septuagint follows the Hebrew closely in terms of word correspondence, reflecting a shared understanding of the lineage.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

בְּנֵ֖י שִׁמְע֑וֹן נְמוּאֵ֣ל וְיָמִ֔ין יָרִ֖יב זֶ֥רַח שָׁאֽוּל׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
בְּנֵ֖יυἱοὶשִׁמְע֑וֹןσυμεωνנְמוּאֵ֣לναμουηλוְיָמִ֔יןιαμινיָרִ֖יבιαριβזֶ֥רַחζαρεשָׁאֽוּל׃σαουλ

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

1 Chronicles 4:24בֵּן[the] desce[the] descendanבֵּןשִׁמְעוֹןSimeonSimeonשִׁמְעוֹןנְמוּאֵלNemuelNemuelנְמוּאֵליָמִיןand Jaminand JaminיָמִיןיָרִיבJaribJaribיָרִיבזֶ֫רַחZerahZerahזֶ֫רַחשָׁאוּלShaulShaulשָׁאוּלבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהשָׁמַעto hear: hto hear: hearשָׁמַעיְמוּאֵלJemuelJemuelיְמוּאֵליָמִין[Ben]jamin[Ben]jaminיָמִיןבִּנְיָמִין(Gate of) (Gate of) Benjaבִּנְיָמִיןיָרִיבopponentopponentיָרִיבזֶ֫רַחdawningdawningזֶ֫רַחשָׁאַלto askto askשָׁאַלעַמּוֹןAmmonAmmonעַמּוֹןרְאוּבֵןReubenReubenרְאוּבֵןלֵוִיLeviLeviלֵוִייִשָּׂשכָרIssacharIssacharיִשָּׂשכָריָמִיןJaminJaminיָמִיןשִׁמְעוֹןShimeonShimeonשִׁמְעוֹןאֹ֫הַדOhadOhadאֹ֫הַדאֶלְנָתָןElnathanElnathanאֶלְנָתָןנַ֫חַתNahathNahathנַ֫חַתשַׁמָּהShammahShammahשַׁמָּה
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 4:24

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
בְּנֵ֖יbe.Nei [the] descendants of H1121 Noun common · masculine plural construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
sons, offspring
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
שִׁמְע֑וֹןshim.'on Simeon H8095 Noun proper masculine
44× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shimeon, also known as Simeon, was the second son of Jacob and the progenitor of the tribe of Simeon. He is also the name of an Israelite who had a foreign wife during the time of Ezra.
Amplified meaning
Shimeon, the second son of Jacob
Tyndale gloss
Shimeon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שִׁמְעוֹן (Shim`own) refers to Simeon, the second son of Jacob and Leah, and the name of the tribe descended from him. The entries highlight his familial connections and mention a post-exilic Israelite with a foreign wife. The name is associated with the meaning 'heard,' derived from the root for hearing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שִׁמְעוֹן 44 n.pr.m.

second son of Jacob and Leah

tribal name

post-ex. Jew with foreign wife

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8095 שִׁמְעוֹן . second son of Jacob and Leah

. tribal name

. post-ex. Jew with foreign wife

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8095 Shim`own shim-one'

from 8085; hearing; Shimon, one of Jacob's sons, also the

tribe descended from him:--Simeon.

see HEBREW for 08085

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שִׁמְעוֹן (shim.on) — Simeon.

A man of the tribe of Simeon living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.29.33;

son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);

brother of: Reuben (H7205), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);

half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); married to Canaanite_woman (H3669);

father of: Jemuel (H3223), Jamin (H3226), Ohad (H0161), Jachin (H3199), Zerah (H2226L) and Shaul (H7586H)

§ Simeon or Shimeon = "heard"

1) the 2nd son of Jacob by his wife Leah and progenitor of the tribe of Simeon

2) an Israelite of the sons of Bani who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra

שִׁמְעוֹן (shim.on) — Shimeon.

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.10.31

§ Simeon or Shimeon = "heard"

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Simeon

Hearing. (1.) The second son of Jacob by Leah (Gen. 29:33). He was associated with Levi in the terrible act of vengeance against Hamor and the Shechemites (34:25, 26). He was detained by Joseph in Egypt as a hostage (42:24). His father, when dying, pronounced a malediction against him (49:5-7). The words in the Authorized Version (49:6), “they digged down a wall,” ought to be, as correctly rendered in the Revised Version, “they houghed an ox.”

(2.) An aged saint who visited the temple when Jesus was being presented before the Lord, and uttered lofty words of thankgiving and of prophecy (Luke 2:29-35).

(3.) One of the ancestors of Joseph (Luke 3:30).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(heard). The second of Jacob’s son by Leah. His birth is recorded in (Genesis 29:33) The first group of Jacob’s children consists, besides Simeon, of the three other sons of Leah --Reuben, Levi, Judah. Besides the massacre of Shechem, (Genesis 34:25) the only personal incident related of Simeon is the fact of his being selected by Joseph as the hostage for the appearance of Benjamin. (Genesis 42:19,24,36; 43:23) The chief families of the tribe of Simeon are mentioned int he lists of (Genesis 46:10) At the census of Sinai Simeon numbered 59,300 fighting men. (Numbers 1:23) When the second census was taken, at Shittim…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

1. One of the twelve patriarches, the son of Jacob and Leah, Ge 29:33 Ex 6:15. Some have thought he was more guilty than his brethren in the treatment of Joseph, Ge 37:20 42:24 43:23; but he may have been detained as a hostage because he was one of the eldest sons. The tribes of Simeon and Levi were scattered and dispersed in Israel, in conformity with the prediction of Jacob, on account of their sacrilegious and piratical revenge of the outrage committed against Dinah their sister, Ge 34:1-31 49:5. Levi had no compact lot or portion in the Holy Land; and Simeon received for his portion only a district dismembered from Judah, with some other lands the tribe overran in the…

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

that hears or obeys; that is heard

[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
נְמוּאֵ֣לne.mu.'El Nemuel H5241 Noun proper masculine
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Nemuel was an Israelite, the son of Simeon, and is mentioned in Genesis 46:10 and Numbers 26:12. His name means day of God and he was a significant figure in biblical times.
Amplified meaning
day of God
Tyndale gloss
Nemuel
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נְמוּאֵל (Nmuw'el) refers to two individuals in the Old Testament: one is a son of Simeon, mentioned in Genesis 46:10, and the other is a Reubenite, son of Eliab, noted in Numbers 26:9. The name means "day of God."

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נְמוּאֵל n.pr.m.

son of Simeon

a Reubenite (brother of Dathan and Abiram)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5241 נְמוּאֵל

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5241 Nmuw'el nem-oo-ale'

apparently for 3223; Nemuel, the name of two

Israelites:--Nemuel.

see HEBREW for 03223

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נְמוּאֵל (ne.mu.el) — Nemuel.

A man of the tribe of Reuben living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at Num.26.9;

son of: Eliab (H0446H);

brother of: Dathan (H1885) and Abiram (H0048)

§ Nemuel = "day of God"

1) the eldest son of Simeon

2) a Reubenite, son of Eliab and brother of Dathan and Abiram in the time of the exodus

נְמוּאֵל (ne.mu.el) — Nemuel.

A man of the tribe of Simeon living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;

son of: Simeon (H8095);

brother of: Jamin (H3226), Ohad (H0161), Jachin (H3199), Zerah (H2226L) and Shaul (H7586H); also called Nemuel at Num.26.12; 1x

Another name of ye.mu.el (יְמוּאֵל "Jemuel" H3223)

§ Nemuel = "day of God"

1) the eldest son of Simeon

2) a Reubenite, son of Eliab and brother of Dathan and Abiram in the time of the exodus

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

nem'-u-el, ne-mu'-el (nemu'el):ould not show their families nor their stock" (1 Esdras 5:37) equals "Nekoda" of Ezr 2:60; Ne 7:62.

(1) A Reubenite, brother of Dathan and Abiram (Nu 26:9).

(2) A son of Simeon (Nu 26:12; 1Ch 4:24). The name occurs also in the form "Jemuel" (Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15). According to Gray (Studies in Hebrew Proper Names), either form is etymologically obscure; but Nemuel is probably correct, for it is easier to account for its corruption into Jemuel than vice versa. The patronymic Nemuelites…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Nemuel

Day of God. (1.) One of Simeon’s five sons (1 Chr. 4:24), called also Jemuel (Gen. 46:10). (2.) A Reubenite, a son of Eliab, and brother of Dathan and Abiram (Num. 26:9).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(day of God). A Reubenite, son of Eliab and eldest brother of Dathan and Abiram. (Numbers 26:9) The eldest son of Simeon, (Numbers 26:12; 1 Chronicles 4:24) from whom were descended the family of the Nemuelites. In (Genesis 46:10) he is called JERIUEL.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

the sleeping of God

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
וְיָמִ֔יןve.ya.Min and Jamin H3226 Conjunction · noun proper masculine
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Jamin was an Israelite and the second son of Simeon, mentioned in Genesis 46:10. His name means 'right hand' and he was a founder of the family of Jaminites.
Amplified meaning
right hand
Tyndale gloss
Jamin
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָמִין (Yamiyn) refers to Jamin, a name associated with three individuals in the Old Testament: the second son of Simeon, a man of Judah, and a Levite during the time of Ezra. The name means 'right hand' and is linked to the family of Jaminites. The entries do not indicate significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָמִין n.pr.m.

son of Simeon

man of Judah

Levite (?) name, time of Ezra

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3226 יָמִין . son of Simeon

. man of Judah

. Levite (?) name, time of Ezra

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3226 Yamiyn yaw-meen'

the same as 3225; Jamin, the name of three

Israelites:--Jamin. See also 1144.

see HEBREW for 03225

see HEBREW for 01144

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָמִין (ya.min) — Jamin.

A man of the tribe of Simeon living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;

son of: Simeon (H8095);

brother of: Jemuel (H3223), Ohad (H0161), Jachin (H3199), Zerah (H2226L) and Shaul (H7586H)

Also named: ye.mi.ni (יָֽמִינִי "Jaminite" H3228H)

§ Jamin = "right hand"

1) the 2nd son of Simeon; founder of the family of Jaminites

2) a Judaite, the 2nd son of Ram the Jerahmeelite

3) a Levite who helped Ezra interpret the Law

יָמִין (ya.min) — Jamin.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.27;

son of: Ram (H7410H);

brother of: Maaz (H4619) and Eker (H6134)

§ Jamin = "right hand"

1) the 2nd son of Simeon; founder of the family of Jaminites

2) a Judaite, the 2nd son of Ram the Jerahmeelite

3) a Levite who helped Ezra interpret the Law

יָמִין (ya.min) — Jamin.

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculine
HC/Npm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ja'-min (yamin, "right hand"):

(1) In Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12; 1Ch 4:24, a "son" (clan) of Simeon.

(2) In 1Ch 2:27, a Judahite, "son" of Ram and grandson of Jerahmeel.

(3) In Ne 8:7, a Levite (?), one of those who "caused the people to understand" the Torah when Ezra enforced it = "Iadinus" in 1 Esdras 9:48.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(right hand). Second son of Simeon, (Genesis46:10; Exod 6:15; 1Chr 4:24 Founder of the family of the Jaminites. (Numbers 26:12) (B.C. 1706.) A man of Judah, second son of Ram the Jerahmeelite. (1 Chronicles 2:27) One of the Levites who expounded the law to the people. (Nehemiah 8:7) (B.C. 410.)

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

right hand; south wind

Nave's Topical Bible

1. Son of Simeon Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12; 1Ch 4:24

2. Descendant of Hezron 1Ch 2:27

3. A priest who expounded the law to the exiles who returned to Jerusalem Ne 8:7

[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
יָרִ֖יבya.Riv Jarib H3402 Noun proper masculine
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Jarib was the name of several Israelites, including a son of Simeon and a leader who returned from exile. His name means he contends, and he is mentioned in Genesis 46:10 and 1 Chronicles 4:24. The KJV translates his name as Jarib.
Amplified meaning
he will contend
Tyndale gloss
Jarib
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָרִיב (Yariyb) refers to a personal name meaning "he contends." It identifies several individuals, including a son of Simeon and a chief man of Israel who returned from exile with Ezra. The name appears in contexts related to the Exile and Return, specifically in Ezra 8:16 and Ezra 10:18.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָרִיב n.pr.m. (he contendeth or taketh (our) part, conducteth (our) case)

son of Simeon

post-ex. names

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3402 יָרִיב

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3402 Yariyb yaw-rebe'

the same as 3401; Jarib, the name of three

Israelites:--Jarib.

see HEBREW for 03401

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָרִיב (ya.riv) — Jarib.

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.8.16

§ Jarib = "he contends"

1) a son of Simeon

2) one of the chief men of Israel who returned from exile with Ezra

3) son of Jozadak and a priest of the house of Jeshua who married a foreign wife and was compelled by Ezra to put her away

יָרִיב (ya.riv) — Jarib.

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.10.18

§ Jarib = "he contends"

1) a son of Simeon

2) one of the chief men of Israel who returned from exile with Ezra

3) son of Jozadak and a priest of the house of Jeshua who married a foreign wife and was compelled by Ezra to put her away

יָרִיב (ya.riv) — Jarib.

A man of the tribe of Simeon living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;

son of: Simeon (H8095);

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ja'-rib, jar'-ib (yaribh, "he contends," or "takes (our) part," or "conducts (our) case"):

(1) In 1Ch 4:24, a "son" (clan) of Simeon = "Jachin" of Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:12.

(2)In Ezr 8:16, one of the "chief men" for whom Ezra sent, and dispatched by him to Casiphia to fetch ministers for God's house = "Joribus" (1 Esdras 8:44).

(3) In Ezr 10:18, a priest who had married a foreign wife = "Joribus" (1 Esdras 9:19).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Jarib

An adversary. (1.) A son of Simeon (1 Chr. 4:24).

(2.) One of the chiefs sent by Ezra to bring up the priests to Jerusalem (Ezra 8:16).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(adversary). Named in the list of (1 Chronicles 4:24) only, as a son of Simeon. Perhaps the same as JACHIN. Genesis46; Exod 6; Numb 26. One of the "chief men" who accompanied Ezra on his journey from Babylon to Jerusalem. (Ezra 8:16) (B.C. 469.) A priest of the house of Jeshua the son of Jozadak, who had married a foreign wife, and was compelled by Ezra to put her away. (Ezra 10:18) (B.C. 459.) 1 Macc. 14:29. A contraction or corruption of the name JOARIB. ch. 2:1.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

fighting; chiding; multiplying; avenging

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
זֶ֥רַחZe.rach Zerah H2226 Noun proper masculine
21× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Zerach was a man in the Bible, mentioned in Genesis and Numbers. He was a son of Simeon and had several brothers. The name Zerach means 'rising' and is also used for other people in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
rising, shining
Tyndale gloss
Zerah
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) refers to several figures in the Old Testament, including a son of Judah and Tamar, a grandson of Esau, and a Cushite invader of Judah. The name means "rising" and is associated with various descendants and families, such as the Zarhites and Ezrahites. Notably, there is some overlap in the identities of Edomite leaders mentioned.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זֶ֫רַח n.pr.m.

son of Judah and Tamar

Edomites

Levites

head of Simeonite family

a Cushite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2226 זֶ֫רַח . son of Judah and Tamar

. Edomites

. Levites

. head of Simeonite family

. a Cushite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2226 Zerach zeh'-rakh

the same as 2225; Zerach, the name of three Israelites, also

of an Idumaean and an Ethiopian prince:--Zarah, Zerah.

see HEBREW for 02225

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) — Zerah.

A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.13;

son of: Reuel (H7467);

brother of: Nahath (H5184), Shammah (H8048) and Mizzah (H4199)

§ Zerah or Zarah = "rising"

1) a son of Reuel and grandson of Esau, one of the dukes of the Edomites

2) twin brother of Pharez, sons of Judah and Tamar; descendants are called Zarhites, Ezrahites, and Izrahites

3) son of Simeon; also called 'Zohar'

4) a Gershonite Levite, son of Iddo of Adaiah

5) the Ethiopian or Cushite, invader of Judah in the reign of Asa who defeated the invaders; probably the same as the Egyptian king Usarken I, second king of the Egyptian 22nd dynasty or perhaps more probably Usarken II, his 2nd successor

6) another Edomite leader; possibly same as 1

זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) — Zerah.

A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.33;

father of: Jobab (H3103H)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ze'-ra (zerach, meaning uncertain):

(1) In Ge 38:30; 46:12; Nu 26:20; Jos 7:1,18,24; 22:20; 1Ch 2:4,6; 9:6; Ne 11:24; Mt 1:3, younger twin-son of Judah and Tamar, and an ancestor of Achan. In Nu 26:20; Jos 7:17 f he is the head of the Zerahites (also 1Ch 27:11,13). the King James Version has "Zarah" in Ge 38:30; 46:12, and "Zarhites" for "Zerahites" in…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Zerah

Sunrise. (1.) An “Ethiopian,” probably Osorkon II., the successor of Shishak on the throne of Egypt. With an enormous army, the largest we read of in Scripture, he invaded the kingdom of Judah in the days of Asa (2 Chr. 14:9-15). He reached Zephathah, and there encountered the army of Asa. This is the only instance “in all the annals of Judah of a victorious encounter in the field with a first-class heathen power in full force.” The Egyptian host was utterly routed, and the Hebrews gathered “exceeding much spoil.” Three hundred years elapsed before another Egyptian army, that of Necho (B.C. 609), came up against Jerusalem.

(2.) A son of Tamar (Gen. 38:30); called also Zara (Matt. 1:3).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(rising (of the sun)). A son of Reuel, son of Esau, (Genesis 36:13; 1 Chronicles 1:37) and one of the "dukes" or phylarchs of the Edomites. (Genesis 36:17) (B.C. after 1760.) Less properly, Zarah, twin son, with his elder brother Pharez, of Judah and Tamar. (Genesis 38:30; 1 Chronicles 2:4; Matthew 1:3) (B.C. about 1728.) His descendants were called Zarhites, Ezrahites and Izrahites. (Numbers 26:20; 1 Kings 4:31;

1. The son of Reuel, and grandson of Esau, Ge 36:13,17.

2. Son of Judah and Tamar, Ge 38:30; called Zara in Mt 1:3.

3. Son of Simeon, and founder of the Zarhites, Nu 26:13; called Zohar in Ge 46:10.

4. A Cushite king who invaded Judah with an immense army in the reign of Asa, 2Ch 14:9-13. It is not agreed by interpreters whether he came from Southern Arabia or from Egypt and Ethiopia. Many, however, follow Champollion, who identifies him with Osorchon and Osoroth of the Egyptian monuments and history, the son and successor of Shishak.

[the] descendants of Simeon Nemuel and Jamin Jarib Zerah Shaul
שָׁאֽוּל׃sha.'Ul Shaul H7586 Noun proper masculine
407× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shaul is a personal name meaning desired, given to several individuals in the Bible, including a Benjamite who became the first king of Israel and a Levite living during the time of the Divided Monarchy. He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles and 1 Samuel.
Amplified meaning
desired, asked for
Tyndale gloss
Shaul
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁאוּל (Sha'uwl) means 'asked' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, most notably Saul, the first king of Israel from the tribe of Benjamin. The entries indicate that the name can refer to multiple individuals, including an early king of Edom and a Levite. The name is derived from a passive participle form, suggesting a connection to the act of asking.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁאוּל n.pr.m. (= asked)

397 1st king of Isr.

a king of Edom

a son of Simeon

a Levite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7586 שָׁאוּל (= asked)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7586 Sha'uwl shaw-ool'

passive participle of 7592; asked; Shaul, the name of an

Edomite and two Israelites:--Saul, Shaul.

see HEBREW for 07592

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁאוּל (sha.ul) — Saul.

A king of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.2;

son of: Kish (H7027); married to Ahinoam (H0293) and Rizpah (H7532);

father of: Jonathan (H3083H), Abinadab (H0041H), Malchi-shua (H4444), Merab (H4764), Michal (H4324), Ish-bosheth (H0378), Armoni (H0764), Mephibosheth (H4648H)

§ Saul or Shaul = "desired"

1) a Benjamite, son of Kish, and the 1st king of Israel

2) an early king of Edom and a successor of Samlah

3) a son of Simeon

4) a Levite, son of Uzziah

שָׁאוּל (sha.ul) — Shaul.

A man of the tribe of Simeon living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;

son of: Simeon (H8095) and Canaanite_woman (H3669);

brother of: Jemuel (H3223), Jamin (H3226), Ohad (H0161), Jachin (H3199) and Zerah (H2226L);

father of: Shallum (H7967K)

Also named: sha.u.li (שָׁאוּלִי "Shaulite" H7587)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Smith's Bible Dictionary

(asked). The son of Simeon by a Canaanitish woman, (Genesis 48:10; Exodus 6:15; Numbers 26:13; 1 Chronicles 4:24) and founder of the family of the Shaulites. (B.C. 1712.) One of the kings of Edom. (1 Chronicles 1:48,49) In the Authorized Version of (Genesis 36:37) he is less accurately called SAUL.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Saul, asked; lent; a grave

Nave's Topical Bible

1. Son of Simeon Ge 46:10; Ex 6:15; Nu 26:13; 1Ch 4:24

2. An ancient king of Edom 1Ch 1:48,49

Called SAUL Ge 36:37

3. Son of Uzziah 1Ch 6:24

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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