Ruth 1:5
Ruth 1:5 in Multiple Translations
both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband.
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.
And Mahlon and Chilion died both of them; and the woman was left of her two children and of her husband.
And Mahlon and Chilion came to their end; and the woman was without her two sons and her husband.
both Mahlon and Chilion died. Naomi was left alone, without her two sons or her husband.
And Mahlon and Chilion dyed also both twaine: so the woman was left destitute of her two sonnes, and of her husband.
And they die also, both of them — Mahlon and Chilion — and the woman is left of her two children and of her husband.
Mahlon and Chilion both died, and the woman was bereaved of her two children and of her husband.
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left by her two sons and her husband.
And they both died, to wit, Mahalon and Chelion: and the woman was left alone, having lost both her sons and her husband.
Mahlon and Chilion died. So then Naomi had no husband and no sons.
Berean Amplified Bible — Ruth 1:5
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Ruth 1:5 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יָּמ֥וּתוּ
גַם
שְׁנֵי/הֶ֖ם
מַחְל֣וֹן
וְ/כִלְי֑וֹן
וַ/תִּשָּׁאֵר֙
הָֽ/אִשָּׁ֔ה
מִ/שְּׁנֵ֥י
יְלָדֶ֖י/הָ
וּ/מֵ/אִישָֽׁ/הּ
וַ/יָּמ֥וּתוּ
mûwth
H4191
to die
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
גַם
gam
H1571
also
Adv
שְׁנֵי/הֶ֖ם
shᵉnayim
H8147
two
Adj | Suff
מַחְל֣וֹן
Machlôwn
H4248
Mahlon
N-proper
וְ/כִלְי֑וֹן
Kilyôwn
H3630
Chilion
Conj | N-proper
וַ/תִּשָּׁאֵר֙
shâʼar
H7604
to remain
Conj | V-Niphal-ConsecImperf-3fs
הָֽ/אִשָּׁ֔ה
ʼishshâh
H802
woman
Art | N-fs
מִ/שְּׁנֵ֥י
shᵉnayim
H8147
two
Prep | Adj
יְלָדֶ֖י/הָ
yeled
H3206
youth
N-mp | Suff
וּ/מֵ/אִישָֽׁ/הּ
ʼîysh
H376
man
Conj | Prep | N-ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Ruth 1:5
וַ/יָּמ֥וּתוּ
mûwth
H4191
"to die"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to die, either literally or as a punishment, and is used in books like Genesis and Exodus. It can also mean to perish or be killed. This concept is seen in the story of Adam and Eve, where death enters the world as a result of sin.
Definition: 1) to die, kill, have one executed 1a)(Qal) 1a1) to die 1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death 1a3) to die, perish (of a nation) 1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct) 1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch 1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be killed, be put to death 1d1a) to die prematurely
Usage: Occurs in 695 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise. See also: Genesis 2:17; Exodus 21:18; Numbers 35:21.
גַם
gam
H1571
"also"
Adv
Also means 'even' or 'too', used for emphasis or to connect ideas, like 'both...and' or 'neither...nor'. It can introduce a climax or show contrast.
Definition: 1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea 1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis) 1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative) 1c) even (for stress) 1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax) 1e) also (of correspondence or retribution) 1f) but, yet, though (adversative) 1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case) 2) (TWOT) again, alike
Usage: Occurs in 661 OT verses. KJV: again, alike, also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and, but, either...or, even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover, nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea. See also: Genesis 3:6; Exodus 19:9; 1 Samuel 14:21.
שְׁנֵי/הֶ֖ם
shᵉnayim
H8147
"two"
Adj | Suff
The Hebrew word for the number two appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing pairs and dualities. It can also mean double or twice. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things that come in twos, like two witnesses or two tablets.
Definition: 1) two 1a) two (the cardinal number) 1a1) two, both, double, twice 1b) second (the ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers 1d) both (a dual number)
Usage: Occurs in 646 OT verses. KJV: both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two. See also: Genesis 1:16; Exodus 30:4; Numbers 13:23.
מַחְל֣וֹן
Machlôwn
H4248
"Mahlon"
N-proper
Mahlon was an Israelite man, son of Elimelech and Naomi, and husband of Ruth. His name means sick, and he is mentioned in the book of Ruth. He was the brother of Chilion.
Definition: A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.1.2; son of: Elimelech (H0458) and Naomi (H5281); brother of: Chilion (H3630); married to Ruth (H7327) § Mahlon = "sick" son of Elimelech by Naomi and first husband of Ruth
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Mahlon. See also: Ruth 1:2; Ruth 4:9; Ruth 4:10.
וְ/כִלְי֑וֹן
Kilyôwn
H3630
"Chilion"
Conj | N-proper
Chilion was an Israelite man who lived before the monarchy, the son of Elimelech and Naomi, and the brother of Mahlon. He married Orpah and is mentioned in the book of Ruth 1:2-4. Chilion's story is part of the family history of King David.
Definition: A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.1.2; son of: Elimelech (H0458) and Naomi (H5281); brother of: Mahlon (H4248); married to Orpah (H6204) § Chilion = "pining" an Ephraimite and son of Elimelech by Naomi and the deceased husband of Ruth (or maybe deceased husband of Orpah)
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Chilion. See also: Ruth 1:2; Ruth 1:5; Ruth 4:9.
וַ/תִּשָּׁאֵר֙
shâʼar
H7604
"to remain"
Conj | V-Niphal-ConsecImperf-3fs
To remain or be left over, as in Joshua 10:20. It can also mean to spare or reserve something, like God sparing Noah in Genesis 7:23. This word is used to describe the remnant of Israel.
Definition: 1) to remain, be left over, be left behind 1a) (Qal) to remain 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be left over, be left alive, survive 1b1a) remainder, remnant (participle) 1b2) to be left behind 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to leave over, spare 1c2) to leave or keep over 1c3) to have left 1c4) to leave (as a gift)
Usage: Occurs in 123 OT verses. KJV: leave, (be) left, let, remain, remnant, reserve, the rest. See also: Genesis 7:23; 1 Kings 22:47; Isaiah 4:3.
הָֽ/אִשָּׁ֔ה
ʼishshâh
H802
"woman"
Art | N-fs
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Definition: : woman 1) woman, wife, female 1a) woman (opposite of man) 1b) wife (woman married to a man) 1c) female (of animals) 1d) each, every (pronoun)
Usage: Occurs in 686 OT verses. KJV: (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. See also: Genesis 2:22; Genesis 34:4; Numbers 5:12.
מִ/שְּׁנֵ֥י
shᵉnayim
H8147
"two"
Prep | Adj
The Hebrew word for the number two appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing pairs and dualities. It can also mean double or twice. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things that come in twos, like two witnesses or two tablets.
Definition: 1) two 1a) two (the cardinal number) 1a1) two, both, double, twice 1b) second (the ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers 1d) both (a dual number)
Usage: Occurs in 646 OT verses. KJV: both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two. See also: Genesis 1:16; Exodus 30:4; Numbers 13:23.
יְלָדֶ֖י/הָ
yeled
H3206
"youth"
N-mp | Suff
This Hebrew word refers to a young person, like a child or teenager, such as the youth who helped David in 1 Samuel 20:1. It can also mean offspring or descendants, like the children of Israel in Exodus 12:37.
Definition: 1) child, son, boy, offspring, youth 1a) child, son, boy 1b) child, children 1c) descendants 1d) youth 1e) apostate Israelites (fig.)
Usage: Occurs in 76 OT verses. KJV: boy, child, fruit, son, young man (one). See also: Genesis 4:23; 1 Kings 12:10; Isaiah 2:6.
וּ/מֵ/אִישָֽׁ/הּ
ʼîysh
H376
"man"
Conj | Prep | N-ms | Suff
The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.
Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)
Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.
Study Notes — Ruth 1:5
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Ruth 1:5 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Ruth 1:5
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ruth 1:5
- Trapp's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
- Ellicott's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
- Whedon's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
- Sermons on Ruth 1:5
Context — Naomi Becomes a Widow
3Then Naomi’s husband Elimelech died, and she was left with her two sons,
4who took Moabite women as their wives, one named Orpah and the other named Ruth. And after they had lived in Moab about ten years,
5both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband.
6When Naomi heard in Moab that the LORD had attended to His people by providing them with food, she and her daughters-in-law prepared to leave the land of Moab. 7Accompanied by her two daughters-in-law, she left the place where she had been living and set out on the road leading back to the land of Judah.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deuteronomy 32:39 | See now that I am He; there is no God besides Me. I bring death and I give life; I wound and I heal, and there is no one who can deliver from My hand. |
| 2 | Psalms 89:30–32 | If his sons forsake My law and do not walk in My judgments, if they violate My statutes and fail to keep My commandments, I will attend to their transgression with the rod, and to their iniquity with stripes. |
| 3 | Isaiah 49:21 | Then you will say in your heart, ‘Who has begotten these for me? I was bereaved and barren; I was exiled and rejected. So who has reared them? Look, I was left all alone, so where did they come from?’” |
| 4 | Matthew 22:25–27 | Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died without having children. So he left his wife to his brother. The same thing happened to the second and third brothers, down to the seventh. And last of all, the woman died. |
| 5 | Luke 7:12 | As He approached the town gate, He saw a dead man being carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow. And a large crowd from the town was with her. |
| 6 | Jeremiah 2:19 | Your own evil will discipline you; your own apostasies will reprimand you. Consider and realize how evil and bitter it is for you to forsake the LORD your God and to have no fear of Me,” declares the Lord GOD of Hosts. |
Ruth 1:5 Summary
This verse tells us that Naomi's two sons, Mahlon and Chilion, died, leaving her alone without a husband or children. This was a very difficult time for Naomi, but it also set the stage for her return to Judah and the events that would unfold. As we read in Psalm 34:18, 'The Lord is near to the brokenhearted and saves the crushed in spirit.' We can see that even in the midst of sorrow, God is still working and caring for His people, as seen in Naomi's story. By trusting in God's sovereignty, we can find comfort and hope, even in the most difficult circumstances, just like Naomi did when she heard that the Lord had attended to His people by providing them with food (Ruth 1:6).
Frequently Asked Questions
Why did God allow Naomi to suffer the loss of her husband and both sons?
The Bible doesn't give a direct answer to this question, but we can see that God was still working in Naomi's life, as seen in Ruth 1:6, where she hears that the Lord has attended to His people by providing them with food, giving her hope to return to Judah.
What can we learn from Naomi's experience of loss and widowhood?
Naomi's story teaches us about the importance of faith and trust in God's sovereignty, even in the midst of difficult circumstances, as seen in Psalm 138:8, which says, 'The Lord will fulfill His purpose for me; Your steadfast love, O God, endures forever.'
How does this verse relate to the overall story of Ruth?
This verse is a pivotal point in the story of Ruth, as it sets the stage for Naomi's return to Judah and the events that will unfold, ultimately leading to the inclusion of Ruth, a Moabite, into the family of King David, as seen in Ruth 4:18-22.
What does this verse teach us about the nature of God's providence?
This verse shows us that God's providence can involve both joy and sorrow, as seen in Ecclesiastes 7:14, which says, 'In the day of prosperity be joyful, and in the day of adversity consider; God has made the one as well as the other.'
Reflection Questions
- How do you respond to difficult circumstances in your life, and what can you learn from Naomi's example of faith and trust in God?
- What are some ways that you can trust in God's sovereignty, even when you don't understand what is happening in your life?
- How can you support and care for those who are suffering loss or hardship, as Naomi was in this verse?
- What does this verse teach you about the importance of community and the support of others in times of need?
Gill's Exposition on Ruth 1:5
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them,.... As well as their father, in the land of Moab, after they had lived with their wives in it about ten years; the Targum is, "because they transgressed
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ruth 1:5
And Elimelech Naomi's husband died; and she was left, and her two sons. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Trapp's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
Rth 1:5 And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.Ver. 5. And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them.] For a further trial and exercise of Naomi’ s faith and patience. And the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.] Catenata piorum crux. Crosses seldom come single. This excellent woman was left desolate and disconsolate, only she "comforted herself in the Lord her God," as David in like distress did.
Ellicott's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
(5) And they died.—Clearly as quite young men. It is not for us to say how far those are right who see in the death of Elimelech and his sons God’s punishment for the disregard of His law. Thus Naomi is left alone, as one on whom comes suddenly the loss of children and widowhood.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
Verse 5. And Mahlon and Chilion died] The Targum adds, And because they transgressed the decree of the word of the Lord, and joined affinity with strange people, therefore their days were cut off. It is very likely that there is more here than conjecture.
Whedon's Commentary on Ruth 1:5
5. The woman was left of her two sons and her husband — That is, she alone remained of the family that came from Beth-lehem.
Sermons on Ruth 1:5
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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Attributes of God (Series 2): The Sovereignty of God by A.W. Tozer | In this sermon, the preacher begins by recounting the story of Jesus appearing to his disciples after his resurrection. The disciples were initially discouraged and disheartened, b |
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Don't Waste Your Life by John Piper | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of treasuring and displaying the supreme value of Jesus in one's life. He explains that this can be achieved by finding satisf |
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(Judging - Part 1) Only One Judge by Alistair Begg | In this sermon, Alistair Begg focuses on the importance of not slandering or judging one another. He begins by referencing the story of David and Goliath in 1 Samuel 17. Begg empha |
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(Through the Bible) Jeremiah 41-45 by Chuck Smith | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of trusting in God's timing rather than relying on our own limited perspective. He shares personal experiences of feeling like |
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The Prodigal Church by Ronald Glass | In this sermon, the preacher highlights the lack of appreciation for the majesty of God, the depth of our sin, and the urgency of spreading the gospel in today's society. He emphas |
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Are You Wasting Your Life? - John Piper by From the Pulpit & Classic Sermons | In this sermon, John Piper reflects on the brevity of life and the importance of not wasting it. He emphasizes the tragedy of retirement, which he sees as a societal push for peopl |
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Compromising Christianity - Keith Daniel by From the Pulpit & Classic Sermons | In this sermon, John Piper reflects on the brevity of life and the importance of not wasting it. He emphasizes the tragedy of retirement, which he sees as a societal push for peopl |