Ephesians 4:18
Verse
Context
New Life in Christ
17So I tell you this, and insist on it in the Lord, that you must no longer walk as the Gentiles do, in the futility of their thinking.18They are darkened in their understanding and alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them due to the hardness of their hearts.19Having lost all sense of shame, they have given themselves over to sensuality for the practice of every kind of impurity, with a craving for more.
Sermons






Summary
Commentary
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
2. Having the understanding darkened - This is the second instance alleged by the apostle of the degradation of the Gentiles. Having no means of knowledge, the heart, naturally dark, became more and more so by means of habitual transgression; every thing in the Gentile system having an immediate tendency to blind the eyes and darken the whole soul. 3. Being alienated from the life of God - The original design of God was to live in man; and the life of God in the soul of man was that by which God intended to make man happy, and without which true happiness was never found by any human spirit: from this through the ignorance that was in them, δια την αγνοιαν την ουσαν, through the substantial or continually existing ignorance, which there was nothing to instruct, nothing to enlighten; for the most accurate writings of their best philosophers left them entirely ignorant of the real nature of God. And if they had no correct knowledge of the true God they could have no religion; and if no religion, no morality. Their moral state became so wretched that they are represented as abhorring every thing spiritual and pure, for this is the import of the word απηλλοτριωμενοι (which we translate alienated) in some of the best Greek writers. They abhorred every thing that had a tendency to lay any restraint on their vicious passions and inclinations. 4. Blindness of their heart - Δια την πωρωσιν· Because of the callousness of their hearts. Callous signifies a thickening of the outward skin of any particular part, especially on the hands and feet, by repeated exercise or use, through which such parts are rendered insensible. This may be metaphorically applied to the conscience of a sinner, which is rendered stupid and insensible by repeated acts of iniquity.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
More literally, "Being darkened in their understanding," that is, their intelligence, or perceptions (compare Eph 5:8; Act 26:18; Th1 5:4-5). alienated--This and "darkened," imply that before the fall they (in the person of their first father) had been partakers of life and light: and that they had revolted from the primitive revelation (compare Eph 2:12). life of God--that life whereby God lives in His own people: as He was the life and light in Adam before the irruption of death and darkness into human nature; and as He is the life in the regenerate (Gal 2:20). "Spiritual life in believers is kindled from the life itself of God" [BENGEL]. through--rather as Greek, "on account of the ignorance," namely, of God. Wilful ignorance in the first instance, their fathers not "choosing to retain God in their knowledge." This is the beginning point of their misery (Act 17:30; Rom 1:21, Rom 1:23, Rom 1:28; Pe1 1:14). because of--"on account of." blindness--Greek, "hardness," literally, the hardening of the skin so as not to be sensible of touch. Hence a soul's callousness to feeling (Mar 3:5). Where there is spiritual "life" ("the life of God") there is feeling; where there is not, there is "hardness."
John Gill Bible Commentary
Having the understanding darkened,.... Not that the natural faculty of the understanding is lost in men, nor the understanding in things natural and civil, and which is quick enough, especially in things that are evil; but in things spiritual it is very dark and ignorant, as about the nature and perfections of God, his holiness and righteousness; about sin and the consequences of it; about Christ, his person, office, and work, and salvation by him; about the Spirit, and his work of grace upon the soul; and about the Scripture, and the doctrines contained in it; and so it came to be by sin: the understanding of man was at first filled both with natural and divine knowledge; but man was not content with this, and being ambitious of more, even of being as God, lost what he had; for on account of his sin he was banished from the divine presence, which brought not only a darkness upon him, but upon all his posterity; and which is increased by personal iniquity, and oftentimes by Satan the god of this world, who blinds the minds of men; and sometimes men are given up in just judgment by God, to a judicial blindness and hardness of heart; and which issues in utter darkness, in blackness of darkness for evermore: being alienated from the life of God; not that which God lives in himself, but that which he lives in his people; nor that natural life which men receive from him, but a spiritual life, a life of grace, faith and holiness; and which may be called the life of God, because it is infused by the Spirit of God, and the word of God is the means of it, and it is supported and secured by the power of God, and is according to the will of God, and is directed to his glory: now wicked and unconverted men are alienated from this life; they are estranged from God the fountain of it; and go astray from the law, the rule of an holy life; and are entirely destitute of a principle of life, from whence men can only act and are utterly unacquainted with the pleasures and sweetness of the life of faith and holiness; nor do they approve of such a life, but have the utmost aversion to it: through the ignorance that is in them; every unregenerate man is an ignorant man, and especially the Gentiles were very ignorant of God, and of divine things; ignorance is natural to men, it comes by sin, and is itself sinful, and is sometimes the punishment of sin, and also the cause of it, as here of alienation from the life of God; for where is ignorance of God, there can be no desire after him, no communion with him, no faith in him, had dependence on him; no true worship of him, or living according to his will, and to his glory: and this ignorance is, because of the blindness of their hearts, or "the hardness of it"; there is a natural hardness of the heart, the heart is naturally stony, and so it remains till grace takes away the stony heart, and gives an heart of flesh; it is insensible and inflexible, and not susceptive of any impression; and there is a voluntary hardness of it, men willingly harden themselves against the Lord, and make their hearts like an adamant stone, all sin is of an hardening nature; and there is a judicial hardness, which God gives up men unto; and when and where this is the case, in either sense, it is no wonder men should be so ignorant of God, and so alienated from the life of him: , "blindness of heart" (c), is a Rabbinical phrase. (c) T. Bab. Cetubot, fol. 105. 1.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
4:18 Their minds are full of darkness because their minds are closed and hearts are hard (see 2 Cor 4:4).
Ephesians 4:18
New Life in Christ
17So I tell you this, and insist on it in the Lord, that you must no longer walk as the Gentiles do, in the futility of their thinking.18They are darkened in their understanding and alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them due to the hardness of their hearts.19Having lost all sense of shame, they have given themselves over to sensuality for the practice of every kind of impurity, with a craving for more.
- Scripture
- Sermons
- Commentary
The Cross and the Flesh, 2 of 3
By Stephen Kaung1.3K1:17:00FleshROM 7:14ROM 7:181CO 3:1GAL 5:24EPH 4:18In this sermon, the preacher discusses the concept of living according to the flesh versus living according to the spirit. He uses the illustration of grafting to explain how our sinful nature can be transformed through faith in Jesus. By believing in Jesus, our sins are washed away by his shed blood, and our dead spirit is quickened into new life. We are born again and receive the life of God, with Christ dwelling in our new spirit. The preacher emphasizes the importance of recognizing the symptoms of living according to the flesh, such as unbelief and disobedience, and the need to walk in the spirit to please God.
Ignorance Keeps People From Becoming Christians
By Tim Conway56006:28PRO 1:7HOS 4:6JHN 3:16ACT 17:30ROM 10:17EPH 4:18COL 1:91TI 1:132TI 2:15This sermon delves into the theme of ignorance as a hindrance to embracing Christianity, using the example of Paul's past actions and rejection of Christ due to ignorance. It emphasizes how ignorance prevents individuals from recognizing the need for salvation and the consequences of rejecting Christ, highlighting the importance of seeking knowledge and understanding to overcome ignorance and accept the truth of the Gospel.
Keys for a Successful Family Life - Part 8
By Don Courville52653:20PRO 29:18ISA 6:8ISA 42:4AMO 3:7HAB 2:1MAT 17:5ACT 26:19EPH 4:18HEB 10:38JAS 4:8This sermon emphasizes the importance of going to the tower, symbolizing meeting with God in prayer and seeking His guidance. It highlights the story of Habakkuk standing upon his watchtower to hear from God, encouraging listeners to write down the vision God gives, run with it, and live by faith. The sermon stresses the need to avoid living loose, in a fog, without love, worship, or discouragement by consistently going to the tower to seek God's presence and direction.
Something Is Missing
By Shane Idleman51943:20JER 17:9EZK 36:26MAT 7:1JHN 3:17ACT 2:38ROM 5:8EPH 4:181JN 4:20REV 2:4This sermon delves into the importance of recognizing when something is missing in our lives, particularly in relation to the power of the Holy Spirit. The speaker emphasizes the impact of a lack of the Holy Spirit in churches and individuals, leading to lifeless sermons, stagnant faith, and a deficiency in love and compassion. The sermon highlights the need for spiritual power, love for God's Word, worship, prayer, and others, as well as the danger of a hard heart marked by unbelief, lack of compassion, sin mastery, and thriving pride. The message concludes with a call to transform a heart of stone into a heart of flesh, embracing God's unconditional love and rejecting pride and anger as tools of the enemy.
David's Revelation of God's Heart
By Mike Bickle161:02:45God's HeartIdentity in Christ1SA 16:7PSA 17:8PSA 18:19PSA 31:10PSA 69:5PSA 130:3MAT 25:21LUK 19:171CO 4:5EPH 4:18Mike Bickle emphasizes David's profound revelation of God's heart, particularly through the pivotal moment when God corrects Samuel's perception of worthiness. This revelation, found in 1 Samuel 16:7, teaches that God evaluates individuals based on their hearts rather than outward appearances or accomplishments. David's understanding of this truth shaped his identity and ministry, allowing him to see himself as beloved by God despite being overlooked by his family. Bickle highlights that this paradigm shift not only transformed David's self-view but also how he perceived others, encouraging believers to embrace their identity as God's beloved and to measure success by the condition of their hearts.
Ignorant People
By Thomas Brooks0Knowledge Of GodIgnorancePRO 1:7ISA 5:13HOS 4:6MAT 22:29JHN 8:32ROM 10:21CO 15:34EPH 4:18COL 1:92PE 3:18Thomas Brooks emphasizes the dangers of ignorance in his sermon 'Ignorant People,' arguing that while some may believe ignorance fosters devotion, the Bible clearly states it leads to destruction. He cites Hosea 4:6 to illustrate that lack of knowledge results in ruin, and Matthew 22:29 to highlight that error stems from not knowing the Scriptures. Brooks warns that ignorance enslaves individuals to sin and makes them vulnerable to Satan's traps, ultimately leading to a life devoid of understanding and filled with misery. He concludes that ignorance not only breeds sin but also makes individuals indifferent to their actions against God and their own souls.
Heart-Matters
By A.W. Tozer0SinThe HeartGEN 6:5PSA 51:10PRO 4:23JER 17:9MAT 15:19ROM 8:7EPH 4:18COL 3:2HEB 4:121PE 1:13A.W. Tozer emphasizes that sin originates in the mind, which encompasses not just intellect but the entire personality, including will, emotions, and moral responses. He points out that the carnal mind is in opposition to God and cannot adhere to His law. Tozer references Genesis 6:5 to illustrate that the wickedness of humanity is rooted in the heart, where evil desires and intentions dwell. He urges listeners to recognize that true sin is a matter of the heart, affecting every aspect of a person's being. The sermon calls for introspection and a deeper understanding of the heart's role in our relationship with God.
Spirit, Soul and Body
By Raymond Golsworthy0JHN 20:282CO 3:18EPH 4:18PHP 3:121TH 5:23HEB 4:12HEB 12:2Raymond Golsworthy preaches on the intricate relationship between spirit, soul, and body as outlined in the Bible. He emphasizes the importance of understanding these three separate parts of human beings and the need to maintain the spiritual order of spirit, soul, and body. Golsworthy warns against falling into a counterfeit form of Christianity rooted in the soul rather than the spirit, stressing the significance of a spiritual response to God's Gospel and the necessity of looking to Jesus for spiritual progress.
I Am the Way, Truth Life
By A.W. Pink0Christ as the Wayand Life; The futility of human efforts to reach GodTruthPRO 4:19PRO 14:12JHN 3:36JHN 5:24JHN 10:10JHN 14:6ROM 3:11EPH 4:18COL 2:3A.W. Pink emphasizes that Christ is the only way to God, bridging the gap between sinners and the divine. He argues that human efforts to reach God are futile and that true understanding and life are found only in Christ, who embodies the truth and offers spiritual life. Pink highlights the spiritual deadness of those outside of Christ and the necessity of faith in Him for eternal life. He warns against the deception of relying on human wisdom and urges believers to recognize Christ as the ultimate revelation of God. Ultimately, Pink asserts that no one can come to the Father except through Jesus, the Way, the Truth, and the Life.
Soul and Spirit
By Jessie Penn-Lewis0Distinction between Soul and SpiritSpiritual GrowthGEN 2:7JHN 3:3JHN 6:63JHN 14:26JHN 16:131CO 2:14EPH 2:12EPH 4:181TH 5:23HEB 4:12Jessie Penn-Lewis emphasizes the critical distinction between the soul and spirit, arguing that many Christians lack understanding of this difference, which hinders their spiritual growth. She explains that the soul serves as a medium between the spirit and body, and that the fall of man has led to a confusion where the soul often dominates the spirit. Penn-Lewis highlights the importance of the Holy Spirit in teaching believers this distinction, enabling them to experience true spiritual understanding. She warns that without this knowledge, Christians may be deceived by false imitations of spiritual life. Ultimately, she calls for a return to the biblical understanding of man's tripartite nature to restore proper order in spiritual life.
Hardness of Heart
By Charles Finney0Hardness of HeartSpiritual BlindnessPSA 95:8PRO 28:14ISA 6:10JER 17:9MAT 13:15MRK 6:52MRK 8:17MRK 16:14EPH 4:18HEB 3:13Charles Finney addresses the 'Hardness of Heart' in his sermon, emphasizing how the disciples, despite witnessing miracles, failed to understand due to their hardened hearts. He explains that hardness of heart is a voluntary state of mind, influenced by selfishness, which blinds individuals to truth and affects their feelings and judgments. Finney illustrates this with examples from scripture and personal observations, showing that a hard heart leads to misunderstanding, delusion, and a lack of genuine faith. He urges listeners to self-examine and recognize the state of their hearts, as true revival and understanding come from a softened heart open to God's truth.
Of the Life of God.
By John Gill0The Nature of GodSpiritual LifeDEU 30:20PSA 36:9JER 10:10JHN 5:26JHN 10:28ACT 17:25ROM 8:2EPH 4:18JAS 2:261JN 5:20John Gill expounds on the life of God, emphasizing that God's essence is life itself, distinct from all created beings. He explains that while creatures exhibit various forms of life, God's life is self-sustaining, eternal, and independent, making Him the ultimate source of life for all creation. Gill highlights that God's life is not only essential but also efficient, as He grants life to all beings, from plants to humans, and especially imparts spiritual life to the regenerated. He contrasts the living God with lifeless idols, affirming that true life is found only in God, who is eternal and immutable. Ultimately, Gill encourages believers to recognize their spiritual life as a reflection of God's divine nature, which is perfect and everlasting.
The Holy Spirit in Relation to the Unsaved World
By John F. Walvoord0GEN 6:3JHN 6:44JHN 16:111CO 2:14EPH 4:182PE 3:9John F. Walvoord delves into the work of the Holy Spirit in relation to the unsaved world, emphasizing how the Spirit restrains sin and reveals the Gospel to those who are spiritually dead and unable to comprehend the truth of God. The Holy Spirit's ministry in restraining sin throughout history, from the Old Testament to the present age, is crucial in maintaining order in the sinful world and allowing for the preaching of the Gospel. Additionally, the Holy Spirit's work in revealing the Gospel to the unsaved is essential for enabling them to understand the message of salvation, the righteousness of God, and the judgment and victory of Christ over Satan.
Man and the Origin of Evil.
By Winkie Pratney0GEN 2:7DEU 30:19ROM 6:17ROM 8:16EPH 4:18Winkie Pratney delves into the intricate components of the human personality, exploring the flesh, bones, blood, soul, spirit, and heart, emphasizing the importance of free will and the ability to make moral choices. He highlights the impact of emotions, reason, volition, conscience, intuition, and devotion on one's spiritual journey, stressing the significance of the supreme choice between serving God or self. Pratney discusses the consequences of wrong choices on the personality and the essence of sin as a self-originated selfish choice contrary to God's law.
Epistle 222
By George Fox0MIC 4:4MAT 18:20ACT 4:12ROM 1:161CO 1:18EPH 3:9EPH 4:18PHP 1:5PHP 2:92TI 1:10HEB 13:4George Fox preaches about the importance of dwelling in Christ, the top-stone over all, to experience eternal life and bear fruit to God. He emphasizes the significance of walking in the name of the Lord for safety and blessings. Fox urges believers to bow at the cross of Christ, the power of God, to overcome earthly temptations and live in the fellowship of the gospel. He highlights the necessity of worshiping God in spirit and truth, praying in the spirit, and singing in the spirit for public worship. Fox also critiques false teachings on perfection and encourages believers to grow in the word of God for everlasting life and holiness.
The Hatred of God in the Human Heart
By William MacDonald0ApostasyHuman FollyPSA 36:1PRO 19:3ISA 53:6JER 17:9JHN 3:20ROM 1:18GAL 6:7EPH 4:18JAS 1:142PE 3:3William MacDonald addresses the theme of human folly and its consequences, emphasizing how individuals often blame God for the ruin brought upon themselves by their own sinful choices. He illustrates this with examples of those who, after falling into immorality, turn against their faith and God instead of repenting. MacDonald highlights that apostasy frequently stems from moral failure, and that the hatred of God in the human heart is often a response to the light that exposes sin. He concludes that the reluctance to accept God's truth is deeply rooted in moral issues rather than intellectual doubts.
Below the Ox and the Donkey
By Thomas Brooks0Spiritual AwarenessIgnorance of SinPRO 4:7ISA 1:3HOS 4:6JHN 8:32ROM 6:161CO 15:34EPH 4:18JAS 1:52PE 3:181JN 1:8Thomas Brooks emphasizes the profound consequences of ignorance in his sermon 'Below the Ox and the Donkey,' using Isaiah 1:3 to illustrate that while animals recognize their owners, God's people often fail to understand their relationship with Him. He argues that ignorance is the root of all sin, leading to spiritual enslavement and a lack of awareness of one's need for salvation. Brooks warns that this ignorance not only breeds sin but also prevents individuals from recognizing the beauty of holiness, ultimately locking them in a state of spiritual blindness. He calls for a deeper understanding of sin and holiness to foster true repentance and spiritual awakening.
The Heavenly Birth and Its Earthly Counterfeits
By J.C. Philpot0JOB 6:2PSA 78:41PSA 107:7ISA 42:16ISA 53:2JHN 1:11JHN 3:3ROM 11:5EPH 4:18Joseph Philpot preaches about the rejection of Christ by His own people due to hypocrisy, self-righteousness, and worldliness, despite their outward religious practices. He emphasizes the sovereignty of God in determining who receives Christ and the instrumental causes that influence hearts. Philpot delves into the distinct classes of characters - those who receive Christ and those who do not, highlighting the happiness and privilege of those who receive Him. He explores the reasons behind the rejection of Christ, such as blindness, self-righteousness, worldliness, and unbelief, while also discussing the secret causes that lead some to receive Him, including the quickening work of God's Spirit and the manifestation of fruits of faith.
The Doctrine of Justification 3. Its Problem
By A.W. Pink0JustificationDivine GraceEXO 34:7JOB 25:4PSA 89:14PSA 139:1ISA 64:6ROM 1:18ROM 3:10ROM 3:19GAL 3:10EPH 4:18A.W. Pink addresses the profound problem of justification, emphasizing that no sinner can achieve acceptance with God through their own efforts. He explains that the dilemma of saving a sinner is one that only God's omniscience can resolve, allowing Him to declare a guilty transgressor righteous without compromising His holiness or justice. Pink highlights the necessity for individuals to recognize their sinful state and the impossibility of meeting God's perfect standards on their own. He urges believers to understand the depth of divine grace and the importance of acknowledging their need for salvation through Christ. Ultimately, he sets the stage for exploring how God can justify the ungodly in the next chapter.
The Worship Service: A Hindrance or a Highway for Revival
By Ron Owens0PSA 144:4ROM 1:21ROM 8:201CO 2:14EPH 4:18The preacher delves into the concept of futility, describing it as emptiness, vanity, and purposelessness, particularly in the context of rejecting the truth about God. The futility of the mind is highlighted as a consequence of turning away from God's revelation, leading to a life devoid of true purpose and satisfaction. The sermon emphasizes the importance of having a renewed mind, focused on Christ, to avoid being trapped in fruitless pursuits and empty illusions.
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
2. Having the understanding darkened - This is the second instance alleged by the apostle of the degradation of the Gentiles. Having no means of knowledge, the heart, naturally dark, became more and more so by means of habitual transgression; every thing in the Gentile system having an immediate tendency to blind the eyes and darken the whole soul. 3. Being alienated from the life of God - The original design of God was to live in man; and the life of God in the soul of man was that by which God intended to make man happy, and without which true happiness was never found by any human spirit: from this through the ignorance that was in them, δια την αγνοιαν την ουσαν, through the substantial or continually existing ignorance, which there was nothing to instruct, nothing to enlighten; for the most accurate writings of their best philosophers left them entirely ignorant of the real nature of God. And if they had no correct knowledge of the true God they could have no religion; and if no religion, no morality. Their moral state became so wretched that they are represented as abhorring every thing spiritual and pure, for this is the import of the word απηλλοτριωμενοι (which we translate alienated) in some of the best Greek writers. They abhorred every thing that had a tendency to lay any restraint on their vicious passions and inclinations. 4. Blindness of their heart - Δια την πωρωσιν· Because of the callousness of their hearts. Callous signifies a thickening of the outward skin of any particular part, especially on the hands and feet, by repeated exercise or use, through which such parts are rendered insensible. This may be metaphorically applied to the conscience of a sinner, which is rendered stupid and insensible by repeated acts of iniquity.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
More literally, "Being darkened in their understanding," that is, their intelligence, or perceptions (compare Eph 5:8; Act 26:18; Th1 5:4-5). alienated--This and "darkened," imply that before the fall they (in the person of their first father) had been partakers of life and light: and that they had revolted from the primitive revelation (compare Eph 2:12). life of God--that life whereby God lives in His own people: as He was the life and light in Adam before the irruption of death and darkness into human nature; and as He is the life in the regenerate (Gal 2:20). "Spiritual life in believers is kindled from the life itself of God" [BENGEL]. through--rather as Greek, "on account of the ignorance," namely, of God. Wilful ignorance in the first instance, their fathers not "choosing to retain God in their knowledge." This is the beginning point of their misery (Act 17:30; Rom 1:21, Rom 1:23, Rom 1:28; Pe1 1:14). because of--"on account of." blindness--Greek, "hardness," literally, the hardening of the skin so as not to be sensible of touch. Hence a soul's callousness to feeling (Mar 3:5). Where there is spiritual "life" ("the life of God") there is feeling; where there is not, there is "hardness."
John Gill Bible Commentary
Having the understanding darkened,.... Not that the natural faculty of the understanding is lost in men, nor the understanding in things natural and civil, and which is quick enough, especially in things that are evil; but in things spiritual it is very dark and ignorant, as about the nature and perfections of God, his holiness and righteousness; about sin and the consequences of it; about Christ, his person, office, and work, and salvation by him; about the Spirit, and his work of grace upon the soul; and about the Scripture, and the doctrines contained in it; and so it came to be by sin: the understanding of man was at first filled both with natural and divine knowledge; but man was not content with this, and being ambitious of more, even of being as God, lost what he had; for on account of his sin he was banished from the divine presence, which brought not only a darkness upon him, but upon all his posterity; and which is increased by personal iniquity, and oftentimes by Satan the god of this world, who blinds the minds of men; and sometimes men are given up in just judgment by God, to a judicial blindness and hardness of heart; and which issues in utter darkness, in blackness of darkness for evermore: being alienated from the life of God; not that which God lives in himself, but that which he lives in his people; nor that natural life which men receive from him, but a spiritual life, a life of grace, faith and holiness; and which may be called the life of God, because it is infused by the Spirit of God, and the word of God is the means of it, and it is supported and secured by the power of God, and is according to the will of God, and is directed to his glory: now wicked and unconverted men are alienated from this life; they are estranged from God the fountain of it; and go astray from the law, the rule of an holy life; and are entirely destitute of a principle of life, from whence men can only act and are utterly unacquainted with the pleasures and sweetness of the life of faith and holiness; nor do they approve of such a life, but have the utmost aversion to it: through the ignorance that is in them; every unregenerate man is an ignorant man, and especially the Gentiles were very ignorant of God, and of divine things; ignorance is natural to men, it comes by sin, and is itself sinful, and is sometimes the punishment of sin, and also the cause of it, as here of alienation from the life of God; for where is ignorance of God, there can be no desire after him, no communion with him, no faith in him, had dependence on him; no true worship of him, or living according to his will, and to his glory: and this ignorance is, because of the blindness of their hearts, or "the hardness of it"; there is a natural hardness of the heart, the heart is naturally stony, and so it remains till grace takes away the stony heart, and gives an heart of flesh; it is insensible and inflexible, and not susceptive of any impression; and there is a voluntary hardness of it, men willingly harden themselves against the Lord, and make their hearts like an adamant stone, all sin is of an hardening nature; and there is a judicial hardness, which God gives up men unto; and when and where this is the case, in either sense, it is no wonder men should be so ignorant of God, and so alienated from the life of him: , "blindness of heart" (c), is a Rabbinical phrase. (c) T. Bab. Cetubot, fol. 105. 1.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
4:18 Their minds are full of darkness because their minds are closed and hearts are hard (see 2 Cor 4:4).