G3868 παραιτέομαι (paraitéomai)

Greek 📖 Greek Word Study

Verb

Quick Definition

παραιτέομαι v. I make excuse, refuse, reject

Strong's Definition

to beg off, i.e. deprecate, decline, shun

Derivation: from G3844 (παρά) and the middle voice of G154 (αἰτέω);

KJV Usage: avoid, (make) excuse, intreat, refuse, reject

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

παραιτέομαι (G3868)

verb | impf. παρῃτούμην · pf.ptc. παρῃτημένος | αἰτέω

33.163 · Communication · Ask For, Request

to ask for, to demand, to plead for to ask for with urgency, even to the point of demanding

MRK 15:6 · LUK 14:18 · LUK 14:18 · LUK 14:19 · HEB 12:19

27.60 · Learn · Be Ready To Learn, Pay Attention

to refuse to pay attention to, to avoid, to pay no attention to to not pay attention to

1TI 4:7 · 2TI 2:23

34.35 · Association · Belong To, Be Included in the Membership of, Be Excluded From

to refuse to accept, to reject to refuse to accept one into a particular association A strictly literal translation of παραιτέομαι in this context might be misunderstood, since it could suggest that younger widows were to be rejected from membership in the church. It may therefore be necessary to specify the particular relationships by translating ‘but do not accept younger widows in the list of those to receive support from the church.’

1TI 5:11

34.41 · Association · Limit or Avoid Association

to shun, to avoid, to keep away from, to have nothing to do with purposely to avoid association with someone

ACT 25:11 · TIT 3:10

36.27 · Guide, Discipline, Follow · Obey, Disobey

to refuse to listen, to refuse to obey, disobedience to refuse to listen to and hence to disobey It would be a mistake to translate παρακούω[a], παρακοή, and παραιτέομαι[e] as meaning nothing more than ‘not to listen to.’ The meaning is clearly ‘to refuse to listen to’ or ‘to refuse to pay attention to,’ and hence ‘to disobey.’ It may therefore be best in a number of instances to translate ‘to refuse to obey.’

HEB 12:25 · HEB 12:25

¹ It is possible that παραιτέομαι[a] differs somewhat from αἰτέω, both in intensity as well as in focusing upon the source from which the grant is to be made. ² There are probably certain differences of meaning in the terms in 34.41, but without more distinctive contexts, it is difficult to determine the precise areas of meaning.

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

παρ-αιτέομαι, -οὔμαι, impy. pres. παραιτοῦ ; [impf. 3 pers. plur. παρῃτοῦντο, Mk. xv. 6 T WH Tr mrg., where al. ὅνπερ ἡτοῦντο (q. v.)]; 1 aor. παρῃτησάμην ; pf. pass. ptep. παρητημένος with a pass. signif.; fr. Aeschyl. and Pind. down; 1. prop.to ask alongside (wapa[IV.1]), beg to have near one; to obtain by entreaty ; to beg from, to ask for, supplicate: [Mk. xv. 6 (see above) ]. 2. to avert (mapa aside [see mapa, IV. 1]) by entreaty or seek to avert, to deprecate ; a. prop. foll. by μή and ace. w. inf. [to intreat that... not], Heb. xii. 19 (Thue. 5, 63) ; cf. W. 604 (561); [Β. § 148, 13]. b. i.q. to refuse, decline: τὸ ἀποθανεῖν, Acts xxv. 11 (θανεῖν οὐ παραι-

Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary

παραιτέομαι paraiteomai 12x

to entreat; to beg off, excuse one’s self, Lk. 14:18, 19; to deprecate, entreat against, Acts 25:11; Heb. 12:19; to decline receiving, refuse, reject, 1 Tim. 4:7; 5:11; Tit. 3:10; Heb. 12:25; to decline, avoid, shun, 2 Tim. 2:23

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

παρ-αιτέομαι, -οῦμαι,

[in LXX for בּקשׁ pi., etc.;]

to beg of or from another: Mk 15:6 (Rec. ὅνπερ ᾐτοῦντο, v. Field, Notes, 43).

to deprecate; prop., c. neg., to entreat that not (Thuc., al.): He 12:19;

to refuse, decline, avoid: o. acc., I Ti 4:7 5:11, II Ti 2:23, Tit 3:10, He 12:25 (EV; but v. Field, Notes, 234).

to beg off, ask to be excused, excuse (Polyb., al.) : Lk 14:18, 19 (He 12:25, Field, Notes, 234).†

Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT

παραιτέομαι, “request,” ‘‘entreat,’’ is found in P Petr II. 38 (ἡ 48 (Ptol.) παραιτεῖσθαι] κ[ατα]πλεῖν eis [᾿Αλε]ξανδρεί[αν : cf. Mk 15° ABN (but see Field Vo/es, p. 43), Heb 1219, For the meaning ‘‘beg off from,” as in Heb 1235 (cf. Field Notes, p. 234), cf. BGU IV 1040 (ii/A.D.) τοὺς mpdkt[lopa]s π[αρ]αιτῖσθαι, ‘‘ to beg off from the factors.”’ Hence the stronger sense ‘‘ refuse,” “decline” (1 Tim 47, 511; cf. Aristeas 184), in P Lond 12313 (Α. Ὁ. 144) (=III. p. 108) παραιτούμενοι τὴν εἰς τὸ μ[έϊλλον with reference to “resigning ” a lease of land, and BGU II. 6258 (beg. iii/a.p.) (as amended Chrest. I. p. 37) γείνωσκε, ἄδελφε, ἐκληρώθην (Eph 11) els τὰ Bovxddta: οὐκ ἠδυνόμην παρετῆσε (1. ἠδυνάμην παραιτήσασθαι). In an edict of Germanicus Caesar, Preisigke 3924°7 (A.D. 19), παραιτοῦμαι is directly contrasted with ἀποδέχομαι. See also the letter of the Emperor Claudius to the Alexandrines, P Lond 1912*® (A.D. 41) apx{t}tepéa δ᾽ ἐμὸν καὶ ναῶν κατασκευὰς παρετοῦμε (/. Tapatrodpat), “1 deprecate, however, the appointment of a high-priest to me and the erection of temples ’’ (Bell).

Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon

παραιτέομαι (paraiteomai) — to refuse/excuse. παραιτ-έομαι, beg of or from another, ask as a favour of him, τινά τι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τι [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive added, ἓν δ᾽ αὐτοὺς παραιτησώμεθα, ἐπίδηλον ἡμῖν.. ποιεῖν, ἢν τοῖς ἔπεσι χαίρωσι [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive for accusative, θεοὺς παραιτοῦ τῶν σ᾽ ἔρως ἔχει τυχεῖν [Refs 4th c.BC+]; Προμηθέα -εῖται Ἐπιμηθεὺς αὐτὸς νεῖμαι asks P. for permission to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. παραιτησάμενος βασιλέα having obtained the king's leave, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: generally, intercede with, appeal to a person, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. σφέας, ὡς ἄξουσι.. entreating them and saying that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with double accusative, beg one's pardon for.., σὲ παραιτοῦμαι τάδε [Refs 5th c.BC+]

3. with accusative et infinitive, entreat one to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; παραιτήσομαι δ᾽ ὑμᾶς μηδὲν ἀχθεσθῆναί μοι [Refs 4th c.BC+]: with genitive person et infinitive, beg of.., παραιτήσῃ πατρὸς φυγὰς ἀφεῖναι [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive only, π. μηδὲν τούτων δρᾶν [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II. with accusative of things, avert by entreaty, deprecate, τὴν ὀργήν [NT+4th c.BC+]

II.2. decline, deprecate, χάριν [NT+5th c.BC+]; π. [τὰ ὦτα] refuse to hear, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; refuse, βρώσεις [Refs 3rd c.AD+]infinitive, παλιλλογεῖν παρῄτηται [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also τοὺς πολλοὺς χαρακτῆρας παρῃτημέναι εἰσὶν αἱ ἀντωνυμίαι do not admit.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; reject a theory, interpretation, or M[Refs 5th c.BC+]; except, [Refs]; reject the use of, avoid, τὴν λογικήν [Refs 2nd c.AD+]

II.2. b demand exemption from, τὴν εἰς τὸ μέλλον γεωργίαν [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἀρχήν [Refs 3rd c.AD+]

II.3. with accusative person, ask him to excuse one, decline his invitation, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; παραιτησάμενος Ἔφορον, Latin pace Ephori, [NT]passive, ἔχε με παρῃτημένον[Refs]

II.4. π. γυναῖκα divorce her, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; π. οἰκέτην dismiss him, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—passive, τὴν παραίτησιν ᾗ παρὰ τοῦ Καρακάλλου παρῄτητο [Refs 2nd c.AD+]

II.5. of medicines, relieve, ναυσίαν [Refs 1st c.AD+]

III. with accusative person, intercede for, beg off, especially from punishment, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Θεσσαλοὺς τοῦ Μηδισμοῦ π. excuse them from the charge of Medism, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

STEPBible — Tyndale Abridged Greek Lexicon

παρ-αιτέομαι, -οῦμαι [in LXX for בָּקַשׁ pi., etc. ;] __1. to beg of or from another: Mrk.15:6 (Rec. ὅνπερ ᾐτοῦντο, see Field, Notes, 43). __2. to deprecate; __(a) prop., with neg., to entreat that not (Thuc., al.): Heb.12:19; __(b) to refuse, decline, avoid: o. accusative, 1Ti.4:7 5:11, 2Ti.2:23, Tit.3:10, Heb.12:25 (EV; but see Field, Notes, 234). __3. to beg off, ask to be excused, excuse (Polyb., al.) : Luk.14:18-19 (Heb.12:25, Field, l.with).† (AS)

Bible Occurrences (10)

15:6

14:18 14:19

25:11

4:7 5:11

2:23

3:10

12:19 12:25

📖 Greek Word Study — In-Depth Study from Precept Austin

Refuse (3868) paraiteomai

Have nothing to do with (3868) (paraiteomai from pará = aside and in this word gives a nuance of aversion or repudiation + aitéo = ask, beg) is literally to ask along side. To seek to turn aside by asking. As in Mark 15:6, this verb can mean to beg or request (a prisoner to be freed on the occasion of the Passover). In Luke 14:18, it conveys the sense of to beg off or of wanting to be excused from a positive response, in this verse one excusing himself for not accepting a wedding invitation. Finally, in the pastoral epistles (1,2 Timothy, Titus - see below), the meaning is to decline, refuse, to refuse to pay attention to, to shun, to avoid, to reject. In secular Greek a wrestler was declared the victor when his opponents declined to engage him upon seeing his unclothed physique. Present imperative means to make it your habit to refuse "worldly fables" (this suggests that we will find them tempting to our fallen nature and must constantly choose [our choice but enabled by God's Spirit and grace] to seek to turn aside). With this command Paul reaffirms his rejection of myth and underscores his commitment to Christianity's sound doctrine (and sober living). In a parallel use in his second letter to Timothy Paul commanded his protégé to 2Ti 2:23 Refuse (paraiteomai = present imperative) foolish and ignorant speculations, knowing that they produce quarrels. (see note 2Ti 2:23) Comment: The Lord's bondservant must continually avoid getting enticed into ''which came first, the chicken or the egg'' type discussions, those things that are controversial and seriously disputed, and which have no certain basis in truth. In these situations we are to graciously "beg off" an invitation to "war over words" with others. Certainly we can discuss differences of opinions; but our discussions must not degenerate into heated debates over irrelevant issues. Titus 3:10 Reject (paraiteomai = present imperative) a factious (one who will not submit to Word or godly leaders and is a law unto himself with no concern for spiritual truth or unity) man after a first and second warning, (see note Titus 3:10) Paraiteomai is used 12 times in the NAS (Mark 15:6 ; Luke 14:18, 19 ; Acts 25:11 ; 1Tim 4:7; 5:11;2Timothy 2:23; Titus 3:10; Heb 12:19, 25 - twice) and 4 times in the Septuagint (LXX) (1Sa 20:6 - twice, 28; Esther4:8; 7:7). It is translated as follows: KJV (11) - avoid, 1; excuse, 2; intreat, 1; make excuse, 1; refuse, 5; reject, 1; NAS (12) - begged, 1; excused, 2; have nothing to do with, 1; make excuses, 1; refuse, 4; refused, 1; reject, 1; requested, 1. Paul's command to refuse fables, indicates that Timothy already has people coming to him with these fables "Copy and paste the address below into your web browser in order to go to the original page which will allow you to access live links related to the material on this page - these links include Scriptures (which can be read in context), Scripture pop-ups on mouse over, and a variety of related resources such as Bible dictionary articles, commentaries, sermon notes and theological journal articles related to the topic under discussion." http://www.preceptaustin.org/1_timothy_47-8.htm#refuse

Mark 15:6

Now {it was Pilate’s custom} at [the] feast to release to [the people] a prisoner of their choosing.

Luke 14:18

But one after another they all began to make excuses. The first [one] said -, I have bought a field, and I need to go see it. Please... excuse me.

Luke 14:19

Another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I am going to try them [out]. Please... excuse me.

Acts 25:11

If, however..., I am guilty [of] anything worthy of death, I do not refuse to die. But if there is no [truth] to their accusations against me, no one has the right to hand me over... to them. I appeal to Caesar!

1 Timothy 4:7

But reject irreverent, silly myths. Instead, train yourself for godliness.

1 Timothy 5:11

But refuse [to enroll] younger widows. For when their passions draw them away from Christ, they will want to marry,

2 Timothy 2:23

But reject foolish and ignorant speculation, for you know that it breeds quarreling.

Titus 3:10

Reject a divisive man after a first and second admonition,