Luke 7:36–83 — The Woman Forgiven «Leader information shown in this fashion»
A. 7:36–50 The Sinful Woman
1. The place: 7:36 (NKJV) — Then one of the Pharisees asked Him to eat with him. And He went to the Pharisee’s house, and sat down to eat.
a. this is a different event than Mt 26:6-13, Mk 14:3-9, Jn 12:1-8
(A) here, in first year or so of ministry; there, at its end
(B) the name of the host, Simon (see verse 40), is the same, but this one was a Pharisee and that one was a leper
b. who was the last host recorded by Luke who invited Jesus to his house for dinner (Luke 5:27-32)? « — Levi (Matthew) the tax-collector »
c. what can we observe about Jesus in this? « — he was willing to meet both sinners and the “righteous” in their own milieu. »
d. note that then, as here and elsewhere, this kind of festive meal was not private, neighbours could drop in and observe
2. The sinful woman 7:37-38 NKJV) — 37 And behold, a woman in the city who was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at the table in the Pharisee’s house, brought an alabaster flask of fragrant oil, 38 and stood at His feet behind Him weeping; and she began to wash His feet with her tears, and wiped them with the hair of her head; and she kissed His feet and anointed them with the fragrant oil.
a. identifying her as Mary Magdalene is entirely speculative
b. the word sinner, in this context, usually means “immoral”
c. no indication of her having met Jesus before
d. alabaster is the shape, rather than a material, of the flask
(A) such a flask so common that it was considered part of a woman’s clothing and could carry on the Sabbath day (Shabbath 6:3)
(B) ointment (KJV) we see is actually perfumed oil
(C) kissing feet – special reverence being shown
(1) sometimes done with a renowned rabbi «
(2) Xenophon records this as having been done to Cyrus – “Then they affectionately kissed Cyrus’ hands and feet, shedding many tears, and at the same time showing signs of joy.” »
e. how did people eat on these occasions? « — they would recline with feet away from table,
(A) so approach would not have been notice
(B) note also that Jewish ladies did not unbind hair in public »
f. where was anointing usually done? « — on head; pouring on the feet a mark of humility »
g. what evidence is there that she was ready for forgiveness?
(A) « faith … she came to Jesus »
(B) « repentance – she stood weeping »
(C) « faith — the washing, the drying, the kissing and the anointing of Jesus’ feet are all loving expressions of faith »
3. Simon’s Thoughts 7:39 (NKJV) — Now when the Pharisee who had invited Him saw this, he spoke to himself, saying, “This man, if He were a prophet, would know who and what manner of woman this is who is touching Him, for she is a sinner.”
a. Greek implies two things, but I think the English does too; what are they?
(A) « Jesus was not a prophet »
(B) « Jesus did not know the woman’s character »
4. Jesus opens the discussion 7:40 (NKJV) — And Jesus answered and said to him, “Simon, I have something to say to you.” So he said, “Teacher, say it.”
a. what does Jesus words (here, and those following) prove?
(A) « that he was a prophet »
(B) « that he did know the woman’s character »
b. Simon’s reply is coldly polite — “well, go on”
5. The parable and the question 7:41–42 (NKJV) — 41 “There was a certain creditor who had two debtors. One owed five hundred denarii, and the other fifty. 42 And when they had nothing with which to repay, he freely forgave them both. Tell Me, therefore, which of them will love him more?”
a. a denarius (”penny”) was roughly a labourer’s day-wages
b. parables are stories, real, typical or fictional, that are used to illustrate a certain truth; generally they have only a single point, so that they focus on that truth without confusion; as here, they identify a area of differentiation without dealing with any possible exceptions
c. who would Jesus have Simon identify as the two debtors?
(A) the 500 d. debtor « — Simon »
(B) the 50 d. debtor « — the woman »
d. what is the character of the creditor’s forgiveness? « — it is free – ie., without imposition of penalty or condition »
6. Simon’s response 7:43 (NKJV) — Simon answered and said, “I suppose the one whom he forgave more.” And He said to him, “You have rightly judged.”
a. what word indicates the attitude of Simon’s answer? « — the word suppose suggests a grudging response, wrung out of him by the situation, and perhaps anticipating Jesus’ words »
7. Jesus’ application 7:44–46 (NKJV) — 44 Then He turned to the woman and said to Simon, “Do you see this woman? I entered your house; you gave Me no water for My feet, but she has washed My feet with her tears and wiped them with the hair of her head. 45 You gave Me no kiss, but this woman has not ceased to kiss My feet since the time I came in. 46 You did not anoint My head with oil, but this woman has anointed My feet with fragrant oil.”
a. had Simon seen the woman? … then why the question? « — Simon had missed seeing the attitude of the woman and its glaring contrast with his own »
b. Simon and the woman differ here markedly; how? « — love »
(A) Genesis 18:4, Judges 19:21 « — host should have provided for the washing of the feet of the guest »
(B) Genesis 29:13, 45:15 « — a kiss was a proper greeting for a welcome guest »
(C) Psalm 23:5, 141:5 « — anointing with oil was an act of kindness to a friend; Simon didn’t even use cheap olive oil but the woman used precious fragrant oil »
8. Jesus’ conclusion 7:47 (NKJV) — “Therefore I say to you, her sins, which are many, are forgiven, for she loved much. But to whom little is forgiven, the same loves little.”
a. is it her love that resulted in forgiveness? « — no for 2 reasons »
(A) « verse 50 tells us it was her faith »
(B) « the parallelism and the preceding parable shows that love is the result of forgiveness not the reason »
b. so, what does her love prove? « — she was already forgiven »
c. why is it important to know the enormity of our sin? « — so that we may be moved to increased love for Christ »
9. Jesus’ confirming words 7:48–50 (NKJV) — 48 Then He said to her, “Your sins are forgiven.” 49 And those who sat at the table with Him began to say to themselves, “Who is this who even forgives sins?” 50 Then He said to the woman, “Your faith has saved you. Go in peace.”
a. who is Jesus’ focus upon? « — the woman; Simon and other antagonists have already had their warning »
b. the rabbis say that “Go in peace” is a suitable farewell to the dead, but “Go into peace” (which is what is literally in the Greek) is for the living … this woman was dead in trespasses and sins but is now living!
B. Ministry Assistants 8:1–3 (NKJV) — 1 Now it came to pass, afterward, that He went through every city and village, preaching and bringing the glad tidings of the kingdom of God. And the twelve were with Him, 2 and certain women who had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities — Mary called Magdalene, out of whom had come seven demons, 3 and Joanna the wife of Chuza, Herod’s steward, and Susanna, and many others who provided for Him from their substance.
1. what two forms of assistance are found here?
a. « the twelve disciples by their presence »
b. « the women by their substance »