Zechariah 4:3 — Word Study
WLCוּשְׁנַ֥יִם זֵיתִ֖ים עָלֶ֑יהָ אֶחָד֙ מִימִ֣ין הַגֻּלָּ֔ה וְאֶחָ֖ד עַל־ שְׂמֹאלָֽהּ׃
BSAThere are also twoshᵉnayim [exactly] olive treeszayith [an olive berry] beside itʻal oneʼechâd on the right [side]yâmîyn [south] of the bowlgullâh [a round container, like a fountain] and the otherʼechâd onʻal its leftsᵉmôʼwl [north]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּשְׁנַ֥יִם | and two | Conjunction, noun common both dual absolute |
| זֵיתִ֖ים | olive trees | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| עָלֶ֑יהָ | [were] at it | Preposition, suffix |
| אֶחָד֙ | one | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| מִימִ֣ין | from [the] right [side] of | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| הַגֻּלָּ֔ה | the bowl | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| וְאֶחָ֖ד | and one | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| עַל־ | at | Preposition |
| שְׂמֹאלָֽהּ׃ | left [side] its | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | There are also two olive trees beside it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on its left.” |
| KJV | And two olive trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof. |
| ASV | and two olive-trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof. |
| YLT | and two olive-trees [are] by it, one on the right of the bowl, and one on its left.' |
| WEB | and two olive trees by it, one on the right side of the bowl, and the other on the left side of it.” |
| BBE | And two olive-trees by it, one on the right side of the cup and one on the left. |
Where they part company is in the details of the imagery, but all translations convey the essential meaning of the verse.
The main clause introduces the olive trees, with two prepositional phrases detailing their positions relative to the bowl.
6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאֶחָד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Zechariah 4:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Vision of the Two Olive Treesgenerated
Zechariah 4:3 describes a vision where Zechariah sees two olive trees beside a bowl, representing divine sustenance and the restoration of Israel. This vision occurs in a context where God reassures His people of His continued presence and support as they rebuild the temple. The olive trees are significant in biblical symbolism, often associated with peace and prosperity, as seen in other passages like Romans 11:17-24.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zechariah 4:11–12 | Then I asked the angel, “What are the two olive trees on the right and left of the lampstand?” |
| 2 | Judges 9:9 | But the olive tree replied, ‘Should I stop giving my oil that honors both God and man, to hold sway over the trees?’ |
| 3 | Romans 11:17–24 | Now if some branches have been broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others to share in the nourishment of the olive root, |
| 4 | Revelation 11:4 | These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שְׁנַיִם, u.she.Na.yimgenerated
The Hebrew word שְׁנַיִם (shnayim) means 'two' and serves as both a cardinal and ordinal number. It is derived from a dual form of שָׁנָה (shanah), relating to pairs and dualities. This word emphasizes the concept of 'twoness' in various contexts, often used to describe two witnesses or two items, as seen throughout the Hebrew Scriptures.
In this verse, שְׁנַיִם indicates the specific number of olive trees, emphasizing their importance in the vision. The use of 'two' suggests a balance or partnership, which can symbolize the dual roles of the olive trees as sources of oil and light, essential for the lampstand mentioned earlier in the chapter.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the rendering of the phrase as 'two olive trees.' All versions, including the Berean Standard Bible, KJV, and ASV, consistently use 'two olive trees' to convey the same meaning.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb in this verse is implied in the structure, as the main subject is the two olive trees. The sentence describes their positioning relative to the bowl, with the phrase 'one on the right side' and 'the other on its left' providing clarity on their locations.
The structure emphasizes the relationship between the olive trees and the bowl, indicating their significance within the vision. The prepositional phrases clarify the spatial arrangement, with 'from the right' and 'on its left' indicating direction.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שְׁנַיִם as δύο (dyo), maintaining the meaning of 'two.' This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew, preserving the duality emphasized in the original text.
The Greek term ἐλαῖαι is used for זֵיתִ֖ים, indicating a direct connection to olive trees. This translation choice reflects the same agricultural imagery present in the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Zechariah 4:3 describes a vision where two olive trees stand beside a bowl, one on the right and one on the left. This imagery highlights the importance of these trees in the context of God's provision and the restoration of Israel.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The two olive trees symbolize sources of divine sustenance and support for the people of Israel during their restoration efforts.
The right and left positioning of the olive trees emphasizes balance and partnership, suggesting their roles in providing oil and light for the lampstand.
The imagery of olive trees is common in the Bible, often representing peace, prosperity, and God's blessings, as seen in other passages like Deuteronomy 8:8.
The bowl represents a source of light and sustenance, connected to the lampstand, indicating God's presence and guidance for His people.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What do the olive trees symbolize in my own life as sources of support?
- How can I recognize and appreciate the divine provision in my daily experiences?
- In what ways can I contribute to the restoration and support of my community?
- What does the imagery of light and oil mean for my spiritual journey?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Christian writers have commented on this vision, often linking the olive trees to divine provision and the law of Moses.
Zechariah shows that the olive shadows forth the law of Moses, speaking thus: “And the angel that talked with me came again, and waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep, and said to me, ‘What do you see?’ And I said,Early Church Fathers on Zechariah 4 →
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Zechariah 4:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the two olive trees by it,.... Which are explained in, [See comments on Zechariah 4:14]: one upon the right [side] of the bowl, and the other upon the left [side] thereof; in Zechariah 4:11 they
Read John Gill on Zechariah 4 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd two olive trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof. And two olive trees by it - supplying oil to the bowl.
Read Robert Jamieson on Zechariah 4 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTwo olive trees; some say branches; better trees, which, well rooted, will continue, and perpetually supply the bowls, and that will supply the lamps. One; not more, or fewer than two. Upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof; so placed that the candlestick stood between them, and each tree stood at distance from the candlestick, on the right and left hand thereof, that they might distil their oil into the bason or bowl: all which is an emblem of the church, both what it is made of, pure gold; what made for, to be light in the world; to shine as lamps that continually burn, maintained with pure oil, distilled from the olive trees, not pressed out by man, but…
Read Matthew Poole on Zechariah 4 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsZechariah 4:3 And two olive trees by it, one upon the right [side] of the bowl, and the other upon the left [side] thereof.Ver. 3. And two olive trees by it] The two chief branches whereof through the two golden pipes empty the golden oil out of themselves, Zechariah 4:12, that is, the Spirit of grace infuseth all precious graces (much more precious than gold that perisheth, though it be tried in the fire) into the Church. Hence grace is called the fruits of the Spirit, Galatians 5:22, yea, Spirit, Galatians 5:25. Danaeus’ s note here is, though from these two olive trees there was continual oil poured into that burning candlestick that it should never dry up or be put out, yet are not…
Read John Trapp on Zechariah 4 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. two olive trees] We learn afterwards (Zechariah 4:11-12) that each of these had a fruit-bearing “branch,” which “emptied itself” (its oil) by a golden tube into the oil-bowl of the candlestick. Human agency is again set aside. The berries become oil without the aid of man.
Read Cambridge on Zechariah 4 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible1. In this vision the interpreting angel appears first. Came again — The angel seems to have withdrawn temporarily; in the fourth vision he appears — if at all — only in Zechariah 3:1.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Zechariah 4 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
There are also two olive trees beside it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on its left.”
and two olive trees by it, one on the right side of the bowl, and the other on the left side of it.”
There are also two olive trees beside it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on its left.”
There are also two olive trees beside it, one on the right of the receptacle and the other on the left.”
Tyndale line
And two olive trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof.
and two olive-trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof.
and two olive trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof.
And two olive-trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side .
And two oliue trees ouer it, one vpon the right side of the bowle, and the other vpon the left side thereof.
Strictly literal
and two olive-trees beside it, one on the right of the bowl, and the other on the left of it.
and two olive-trees [are] by it, one on the right of the bowl, and one on its left.'
and two olive-trees [are] by it, one on the right of the bowl and one on its left.”
And two olive-trees are by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof.
Two olive trees are by it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on the left side.”
From the Latin
And two olive trees over it: one upon the right side of the lamp, and the other upon the left side thereof.
Simplified
I also see olive trees, one to the right and one to the left of the bowl.”
And two olive-trees by it, one on the right side of the cup and one on the left.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, "וּשְׁנַ֥יִם זֵיתִ֖ים עָלֶ֑יהָ אֶחָד֙ מִימִ֣ין הַגֻּלָּ֔ה וְאֶחָ֖ד עַל־ שְׂמֹאלָֽהּ׃" which translates to, "There are also two olive trees beside it, one on the right side of the bowl and the other on its left." The Septuagint offers a corresponding translation, agreeing with the Masoretic Text in meaning and structure, although the exact wording and arrangement may differ due to the nature of Greek syntax. The Dead Sea Scrolls (4Q80) also align with the Masoretic Text, providing a similar reading, although some words are supplied by an editor, indicating a high degree of textual agreement across these witnesses regarding this verse.
וּשְׁנַ֥יִם זֵיתִ֖ים עָלֶ֑יהָ אֶחָד֙ מִימִ֣ין הַגֻּלָּ֔ה וְאֶחָ֖ד עַל־ שְׂמֹאלָֽהּ׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[ושנים] [זיתים] [עלי׳ה] [אחד] [מימין] [הגלה] [ואחד] [על] [שמאל׳ה]
nothing on the leather here — 9 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Zechariah 4:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
שְׁנַ֫יִם (shnayim) means 'two' and serves as both a cardinal and ordinal number. It can denote 'both,' 'double,' or 'twice,' and is used in various combinations with other numbers. The word is derived as a dual form of שָׁנָה (shanah), which relates to the concept of pairs.
שְׁנַ֫יִם, שְׁתַּיִם 768 n.m. et f. du. two
base
H8147 שְׁנַ֫יִם, שְׁתַּיִם two
8147 shnayim shen-ah'-yim
dual of 8145; feminine shttayim {shet-tah'-yim}; two; also
(as ordinal) twofold:--both, couple, double, second, twain, +
twelfth, + twelve, + twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.
see HEBREW for 08145
שְׁנַ֫יִם (she.na.yim) — two.
1) two
1a) two (the cardinal number)
1a1) two, both, double, twice
1b) second (the ordinal number)
1c) in combination with other numbers
1d) both (a dual number)
Conj | Adj — Conjunction · noun common both dual absoluteHC/Ncbda
too.
See NUMBER.
זַ֫יִת (zayith) refers to an olive or olive tree, including its fruit. It is associated with illuminating oil and appears in place names like the Mount of Olives. The entries suggest it encompasses both the tree and its produce, with some lexicons noting its connection to specific locations.
זַ֫יִת n.m. olive-tree, olive
olive-tree
of fruit of olive-tree, olives
in designations of place
base
H2132 זַ֫יִת olive-tree, olive
2132 zayith zay'-yith
probably from an unused root (akin to 2099); an olive (as
yielding illuminating oil), the tree, the branch or the
berry:--olive (tree, -yard), Olivet.
see HEBREW for 02099
זַ֫יִת (za.yit) — (Mount of) Olives.
This name means olive, olive tree
Also named: elaiōn (ἐλαιών "Olivet" G1638)
זַ֫יִת (za.yit) — olive.
1) olive, olive tree
1a) olive tree
1b) olives
2) mountain facing Jerusalem on the east side
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
Were frequently used as types of kings, or men of wealth and power, Ps 37:35 Isa 2:13 Da 4:10-26 Zec 11:1,2. The "tree of knowledge of good and evil" bore the forbidden fruit, by eating of which Adam fatally increased his knowledge—of good by its loss, of sin and woe by actual experience, Ge 2:9,17. The "tree of life" may have been both an assurance and a means of imparting life, a seal of eternal holiness and bliss, if man had not sinned. Compare Re 22:2.
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3fs
אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.
אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one
one
= each, every
= a certain
= indef. art.
only, & (fem.) once
one … another, one … the other
as ordinal first
in combin.
base
H259 אֶחָד one . one
. = each, every
. = a certain
. = indef. art.
. only, & (fem.) once
. one … another, one … the other
. as ordinal first
. in combin.
259 'echad ekh-awd'
a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an
ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,
any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +
eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,
other, some, together,
see HEBREW for 0258
אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one (number)
1b) each, every
1c) a certain
1d) an (indefinite article)
1e) only, once, once for all
1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one
1g) first
1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Adj — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
wun.
See NUMBER.
The Hebrew word יָמִין (*yamiyn*) means 'right hand' or 'right side,' and it can also refer to the direction south, as the right hand points south when facing east. It is derived from the root word for 'to be strong' and covers various contexts, including body parts and directional references.
יָמִין 137 n.f. right hand
right hand
of situation on, or direction toward the right
of other parts of the body
= south, because when facing east the right hand is toward the south
base
H3225 יָמִין right hand . right hand
. of situation on, or direction toward the right
. of other parts of the body
. = south, because when facing east the right hand is toward the south
3225 yamiyn yaw-meen'
from 3231; the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or
other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally,
the south:--+ left-handed, right (hand, side), south.
see HEBREW for 03231
יָמִין (ya.min) — right.
1) right, right hand, right side
1a) right hand
1b) right (of direction)
1c) south (the direction of the right hand when facing East)
Also means: ya.min (יָמִין ": south" H3225H)
יָמִין (ya.min) — right: south.
1) right, right hand, right side
1a) right hand
1b) right (of direction)
1c) south (the direction of the right hand when facing East)
יָמִין (ya.min) — [Ben]jamin.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.35.18;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Rachel (H7354);
brother of: Joseph (H3130);
half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
גֻּלָּה (gullah) refers to a feminine noun meaning a basin or bowl. It can denote various round objects, such as a bowl for a lamp or the bowl-shaped portions of temple pillars. The entries suggest it is related to the concept of a fountain or spring, though specific verse references are not provided.
גֻּלָּה n.f. basin, bowl
basin (pool, well?)
bowl
base
H1543 גֻּלָּה basin, bowl
1543 gullah gool-law'
feminine from 1556; a fountain, bowl or globe (all as
round):--bowl, pommel, spring.
see HEBREW for 01556
גֻּלָּה (gul.lah) — bowl.
1) bowl, spring, basin
1a) basin
1b) bowl
1b1) of a lamp
1b2) of bowl shaped portion of capitals of pillars of the temple
Also means: gol (גֹּל "bowl" H1531)
Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
bol:
(1) The primitive Hebrews, like the wandering Bedouin of today, probably used bowls of wood, as less breakable than earthenware. Some hollow dish of the sort would be indispensable, even in the lowest stage of nomad life, to receive the milk of the flock, and as the common dish in which to serve the family meal. We have abundant proof, however, that vessels of earthenware of various sorts were in use by the settled peoples of Canaan in the earliest times. Many interesting specimens, characteristic of different peoples and ages, have been found by excavators of the PEF, especially recently by Flinders Petrie and Fred. Bliss at Tell el-Hesy (see Tell el-Hesy (Lachish), by Petrie, and A Mound of Many Cities, by Bliss) and by Macalister and others at Gezer, Taanach, Megiddo, etc. (see PEFS).
Bowl
The sockets of the lamps of the golden candlestick of the tabernacle are called bowls (Ex. 25:31, 33, 34; 37:17, 19, 20); the same word so rendered being elsewhere rendered “cup” (Gen. 44:2, 12, 16), and wine “pot” (Jer. 35:5). The reservoir for oil, from which pipes led to each lamp in Zechariah’s vision of the candlestick, is called also by this name (Zech. 4:2, 3); so also are the vessels used for libations (Ex. 25:29; 37:16).
אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.
אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one
one
= each, every
= a certain
= indef. art.
only, & (fem.) once
one … another, one … the other
as ordinal first
in combin.
base
H259 אֶחָד one . one
. = each, every
. = a certain
. = indef. art.
. only, & (fem.) once
. one … another, one … the other
. as ordinal first
. in combin.
259 'echad ekh-awd'
a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an
ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,
any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +
eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,
other, some, together,
see HEBREW for 0258
אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one (number)
1b) each, every
1c) a certain
1d) an (indefinite article)
1e) only, once, once for all
1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one
1g) first
1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Conj | Adj — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
wun.
See NUMBER.
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
שְׂמֹאל (semol) means 'left' and can refer to the left hand or side. It also denotes the direction north when facing east. The word is derived from the idea of darkness or being enveloped, suggesting a connection to the north. The entries consistently highlight these meanings without significant disagreement.
שְׂמֹאל, שְׂמֹאול 54 n.[m.] the left (√ dub.)
left, region on the left
left hand
= north (on left of one facing east)
base
H8040 שְׂמֹאל, שְׂמֹאול the left (√ dub.) . left, region on the left
. left hand
. = north (on left of one facing east)
8040 smo'wl sem-ole'
or smosl {sem-ole'}; a primitive word (rather perhaps from
the same as 8071 (by insertion of the aleph) through the idea
of wrapping up); properly, dark (as enveloped), i.e. the
north; hence (by orientation), the left hand:--left (hand,
side).
see HEBREW for 08071
שְׂמֹאל (se.mo.l) — left.
1) the left, the left hand, the left side
1a) left
1b) left hand
1c) north (as one faces east)
שְׂמֹאל (se.mo.l) — left: north.
1) the left, the left hand, the left side
1a) left
1b) left hand
1c) north (as one faces east)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3fs