Psalms 80:4 — Word Study
WLCיְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֣ים צְבָא֑וֹת עַד־ מָתַ֥י עָ֝שַׁ֗נְתָּ בִּתְפִלַּ֥ת עַמֶּֽךָ׃
BSAGodʼĕlôhîym [Elohim, the supreme Ruler]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יְהוָ֣ה | O Yahweh | Noun proper |
| אֱלֹהִ֣ים | God of | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| צְבָא֑וֹת | hosts | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| עַד־ | until | Preposition |
| מָתַ֥י | when? | Particle |
| עָ֝שַׁ֗נְתָּ | have you smoked | Verb, Qal, perfect second person masculine singular |
| בִּתְפִלַּ֥ת | at [the] prayer of | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| עַמֶּֽךָ׃ | people your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | O LORD God of Hosts, how long will Your anger smolder against the prayers of Your people? |
| KJV | O LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people? |
| ASV | O Jehovah God of hosts, How long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people? |
| YLT | Jehovah, God of Hosts, till when? Thou hast burned against the prayer of Thy people. |
| WEB | Yahweh God of Armies, how long will you be angry against the prayer of your people? |
| BBE | O Lord God of armies, how long will your wrath be burning against the rest of your people? |
Where they part company is עָשַׁן — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by two prepositional phrases that provide context for the psalmist's plea.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbפָּנֶה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 80:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Cry for Restorationgenerated
Psalm 80:4 expresses a deep yearning for God's attention and mercy. The psalmist laments the state of the people, feeling the weight of divine anger and the impact it has on their prayers. This verse is part of a larger plea for restoration, where the psalmist calls upon God to shine His face upon His people, as seen in the preceding verse, Psalm 80:3. The context reflects a communal cry for help, emphasizing the relationship between God and His people.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 85:5 | Will You be angry with us forever? Will You draw out Your anger to all generations? |
| 2 | Isaiah 58:2–3 | For day after day they seek Me and delight to know My ways, like a nation that does what is right and does not forsake the justice of their God. They ask Me for righteous judgments; they delight in the nearness of God.” |
| 3 | Lamentations 3:44 | You have covered Yourself with a cloud that no prayer can pass through. |
| 4 | Matthew 15:22–28 | And a Canaanite woman from that region came to Him, crying out, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me! My daughter is miserably possessed by a demon.” |
| 5 | Luke 18:1–8 | Then Jesus told them a parable about their need to pray at all times and not lose heart: |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יְהוָ֣ה, Yah.wehgenerated
The name יְהוָה (Yahweh) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. This name is closely associated with the covenant relationship between God and His people, marking His authority and faithfulness.
In this verse, the psalmist directly addresses Yahweh, underscoring the personal and communal nature of the plea. The invocation of Yahweh sets the tone for the lament, as the psalmist seeks to engage directly with the God who has the power to change their circumstances.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb עָשַׁן, have you smoked, governs the entire verse. The structure includes a main clause that poses a direct question to God, with prepositional phrases elaborating on the context of the prayer and the people involved.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the urgency of the question, drawing attention to the psalmist's plea for divine intervention in light of the suffering experienced by the people.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יְהוָה as θεός (Theos), which is a general term for God, indicating a broader understanding of divinity. This choice reflects the translators' intent to convey Yahweh's role as the supreme deity in a way that resonates with Greek-speaking audiences.
The use of πρόσωπόν for בִּתְפִלַּת suggests a focus on the personal aspect of prayer, emphasizing the relational dynamic between God and His people in their supplications.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 80:4 expresses a heartfelt question to God about His anger towards the prayers of His people. The psalmist is seeking understanding and relief, asking how long this situation will continue. This cry reflects the deep connection between God and His people, highlighting their dependence on His mercy.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The phrase indicates a prolonged state of anger, suggesting that God's wrath is not fully expressed but is still present and affecting the prayers of His people.
This title emphasizes God's authority and power over all heavenly armies, reminding the people of His ability to intervene in their situation.
Asking 'how long?' reflects a deep yearning for relief and restoration, showing the urgency of the people's situation and their desire for God's action.
This verse encapsulates the central theme of the psalm, which is a plea for restoration and divine intervention in the face of suffering and distress.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I feel God's anger or distance, and how can I bring those to Him in prayer?
- How can I remind myself of God's power as the 'God of Hosts' in my daily struggles?
- What does it mean for me to seek God's face in prayer, especially during difficult times?
- How can I support others in my community who are experiencing a sense of abandonment or distress in their relationship with God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early church father Augustine of Hippo referenced this verse to discuss the nature of God's anger towards prayer, emphasizing the need for divine mercy.
"O Lord God of virtues, how long will You be angry with the prayer of Your servant?" [Psalms 80:4]. Now Your servant.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 80 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 80:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleO Lord God of hosts,.... Aben Ezra and Kimchi observe, that the word "Elohe" is here understood, and the words to be read, "O Lord God, the God of hosts"; of the armies above and below, against whom
Read John Gill on Psalms 80 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryO LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people? O Lord God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry - literally, 'dost thou smoke?' Compare Psalms 18:8; Psalms 74:1; Deuteronomy 29:20.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 80 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThou art so far from answering our prayers whereby we seek to appease thee, that by thy continuance and increase of our miseries thou seemest to be the more incensed against us by them.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 80 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 80:4 O LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?Ver. 4. O Lord God of hosts] Iehova bellipotens Deus. God hath his upper and nether forces, as his horse and foot, ready pressed, say the Rabbis. How long wilt thou be angry] Heb. wilt thou smoke? As angry people seem to send out smoke at their nostrils. Against the prayer of thy people] This is a sore affliction to the saints, that their prayers seem to be ineffectual.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 80 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) How long wilt thou be angry?—Literally, until when hast thou fumed? A pregnant construction combining two clauses. Thou hast been long angry; how long wilt thou continue to be angry? (Comp. Psalms 13:2, Note, and Exodus 10:3.) Others say the preterite here has the sense of a future perfect, which comes to the same thing: “How long wilt thou have fumed? (See Müller’s Syntax, § i. 3, rem. (a), Prof. Robertson’s trans.) Against the prayer.—Literally, in, i.e., during the prayer. The smoke of the Divine anger is, perhaps, conceived of as a cloud through which the prayer (often symbolised by an ascending incense) cannot penetrate.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 80 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4–7. How long shall Israel continue to be the object of Jehovah’s displeasure, and the scorn of neighbouring nations?
Read Cambridge on Psalms 80 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleO Lord God of hosts - Yahweh, God of armies. That is either (a) the God who rules among the hosts of heaven - the inhabitants of that holy world; or (b) God of the hosts of the sky - the worlds above
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 80 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible4. Angry against the prayer of thy people—Hebrew, smoke against the “prayer.” So Psalms 74:1. An intensive form of representing anger or displeasure.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 80 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
O LORD God of Hosts, how long will Your anger smolder against the prayers of Your people?
Yahweh God of Armies, how long will you be angry against the prayer of your people?
O LORD God of Hosts, how long will Your anger smolder against the prayers of Your people?
O Lord God, invincible warrior! How long will you remain angry at your people while they pray to you?
Tyndale line
O LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?
O Jehovah God of hosts, How long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?
O LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?
O LORD God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy people?
O Lord God of hostes, how long wilt thou be angrie against the prayer of thy people?
Strictly literal
Jehovah, God of hosts, how long will thine anger smoke against the prayer of thy people?
Jehovah, God of Hosts, till when? Thou hast burned against the prayer of Thy people.
YHWH, God of Hosts, until when? You have burned against the prayer of Your people.
(80:5) O Lord of hosts, how long shall thy anger smoke against the prayer of thy people?
Yahweh God of hosts, how long will you be angry at your people when they pray?
From the Latin
Blow up the trumpet on the new moon, on the noted day of your solemnity.
Simplified
Lord God Almighty, how long will you be angry with the prayers of your people?
O Lord God of armies, how long will your wrath be burning against the rest of your people?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with all eight words matched in the Hebrew and Greek texts. This consistency indicates a shared understanding of the psalmist's plea across these ancient traditions.
יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֣ים צְבָא֑וֹת עַד־ מָתַ֥י עָ֝שַׁ֗נְתָּ בִּתְפִלַּ֥ת עַמֶּֽךָ׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 80:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
HNpt — Noun properHNpt
אֱלֹהִים (elohiym) is a plural noun meaning 'gods' or 'God,' often referring to the supreme deity in the Old Testament. It encompasses divine beings, rulers, and judges, reflecting divine majesty and power. The term can also denote angels and is used in a superlative sense. Notably, it is sometimes combined with יהוה (YHWH), the personal name of God.
אֱלֹהִים 2570 n.m.pl.
pl. in number.
rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power
divine ones, superhuman beings including God and angels
angels
gods
pl. intensive
god or goddess
godlike one
works of God, or things belongng to him
God
הָאֱלֹהִים the (true) God
אֱלֹהִים = God
base
H430 אֱלֹהִים n. m. pl. . pl. in number. . rulers, judges, either asdivine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power
. divine ones, superhuman beings including God and angels
. angels
. gods
. pl. intensive . god or goddess
. godlike one
. works of God, or things belongng to him
. God
. הָאֱלֹהִים the (true) God
. אֱלֹהִים = God
430 'elohiym el-o-heem'
plural of 433; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically
used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the
supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to
magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative:--angels, X
exceeding, God (gods)(-dess, -ly), X (very) great, judges, X
mighty.
see HEBREW for 0433
אֱלֹהִים (e.lo.him) — God.
This name means "gods" (plural intensive-singular meaning), "God"
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
אֱלֹהִים (e.lo.him) — (LORD)-Elohe.
Combined with ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068)
אֱלֹהִים (e.lo.him) — (Gibeath)-elohim.
Combined with giv.ah (גִּבְעָה "Gibeath" H1389)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word צָבָא (*tsaba'*) primarily means 'army' or 'warfare,' encompassing organized groups for battle, divine hosts, and even celestial bodies. It can also refer to service or duty in a military context. The term appears in various forms, including צְבָאוֹת (*tsaba'ot*), which denotes the 'hosts' of the Lord, particularly in relation to God's role in warfare.
צָבָא 485 n.m. army, war, warfare
army, host
war, warfare, service
service
צְבָאוֹת, in name of י׳ as God of war, prob. first in time of warlike David (some connect with sacred ark, but ark older)
base
H6635a צָבָא army, war, warfare . army, host
. war, warfare, service
. service
H6635b צְבָאוֹת army, war, warfare . army, host
. war, warfare, service
. service
. צְבָאוֹת, in name of י׳ as God of war, prob. first in time of warlike David (some connect with sacred ark, but ark older)
6635 tsaba' tsaw-baw'
or (feminine) tsbadah {tseb-aw-aw'}; from 6633; a mass of
persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized
for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or
figuratively (specifically, hardship, worship):--appointed
time, (+) army, (+) battle, company, host, service, soldiers,
waiting upon, war(-fare).
see HEBREW for 06633
צָבָא (tsa.va) — army.
: army
1) that which goes forth, army, war, warfare, host
1a) army, host
1a1) host (of organised army)
1a2) host (of angels)
1a3) of sun, moon, and stars
1a4) of whole creation
1b) war, warfare, service, go out to war
1c) service
צָבָא (tsa.va) — Hosts.
The Hosts (of the Lord)
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
צָבָא (tsa.va) — army: war.
: war
1) that which goes forth, army, war, warfare, host
1a) army, host
1a1) host (of organised army)
1a2) host (of angels)
1a3) of sun, moon, and stars
1a4) of whole creation
1b) war, warfare, service, go out to war
1c) service
צָבָא (tsa.va) — army: duty.
: duty
1) that which goes forth, army, war, warfare, host
1a) army, host
1a1) host (of organised army)
1a2) host (of angels)
1a3) of sun, moon, and stars
1a4) of whole creation
1b) war, warfare, service, go out to war
1c) service
HNcfpa — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
prep.
of space
Of time
Of degree
conj.
until
While
Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
of space
Of time
Of degree
base
H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
. conj. . until
. While
. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
5704 `ad ad
properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or
conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,
or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,
while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,
at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),
(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,
till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.
see HEBREW for 05703
עַד (ad) — till.
prep
1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as
1a) of space
1a1) as far as, up to, even to
1b) in combination
1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)
1c) of time
1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end
1d) of degree
1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like
conj
2) until, while, to the point that, so that even
Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
HR — PrepositionHR
מָתַי (mathay) is an adverb meaning 'when?' It is derived from an unused root that suggests extension, particularly in relation to time. The word is used interrogatively to ask about timeframes, such as 'how long?' or 'until when?'. It appears in contexts that require a temporal inquiry.
מָתַי 43 interrog.adv. when?
base
H4970 מָתַי when?
4970 mathay maw-thah'ee
from an unused root meaning to extend; properly, extent (of
time); but used only adverbially (especially with other
particle prefixes), when (either relative or
interrogative):--long, when.
מָתַי (ma.tay) — how.
1) when?
1a) with prep
1a1) against when?, until when?, how long?, after how long?
HTi — ParticleHTi
עָשַׁן (ashan) is a verb meaning to smoke, with a figurative sense of being angry or furious. The entries indicate it can refer to both literal smoke and the emotional state of wrath. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עָשַׁן vb. denom. smoke, be wroth
base
H6225 עָשַׁן vb. denom. smoke, be wroth
6225 `ashan aw-shan'
a primitive root; to smoke, whether literal or
figurative:--be angry (be on a) smoke.
עָשַׁן (a.shan) — be angry.
1) to smoke, be angry, be wroth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to smoke
1a2) to fume, be wroth, be furious
HVqp2ms — Verb · Qal · perfect second person masculine singularHVqp2ms
תְּפִלָּה (tefillah) means 'prayer' and is derived from the root meaning intercession or supplication. It encompasses various forms of prayer, including hymns and requests for divine attention. The term appears in contexts such as the titles of Psalms, emphasizing its liturgical significance.
תְּפִלָּה 77 n.f. prayer
base
H8605 תְּפִלָּה prayer
8605 tphillah tef-il-law'
from 6419; intercession, supplication; by implication, a
hymn:--prayer.
see HEBREW for 06419
תְּפִלָּה (te.phil.lah) — prayer.
1) prayer
1a) prayer
1b) pray a prayer
1c) house of prayer
1d) hear prayer
1e) in Ps titles (of poetic or liturgical prayer)
HR/Ncfsc — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.
עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people
a people, nation
= smaller units
= common people
people in gen., persons
phrases
base
[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)
base
H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)
5971 `am am
from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a
tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or
attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,
people.
see HEBREW for 06004
עַם (am) — people.
: people/nation
1) nation, people
1a) people, nation
1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men
עַם (am) — kinsman.
kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — Ammi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12
§ kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — People's (Gate).
§ kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.
Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)
§ kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — Amaw.
This name means nation, people
עַם (am) — people: soldiers.
: soldiers/army
1) nation, people
1a) people, nation
1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men
עַם (am) — people: creatures.
: creatures
1) nation, people
1a) people, nation
1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men
HNcmsc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms