Psalms 119:107 — Word Study
WLCנַעֲנֵ֥יתִי עַד־ מְאֹ֑ד יְ֝הוָ֗ה חַיֵּ֥נִי כִדְבָרֶֽךָ׃
BSAI am severelyʻad [very much, exceedingly] afflictedʻânâh■ [oppressed, humbled] O LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] revive mechâyâh [quicken me, give me life] through Your worddâbâr [according to Your promise, as You have spoken]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי | I have been afflicted | Verb, Niphal, perfect first person common singular |
| עַד־ | up to | Preposition |
| מְאֹ֑ד | muchness | |
| יְ֝הוָ֗ה | O Yahweh | Noun proper |
| חַיֵּ֥נִי | preserve alive me | Verb piel imperative second person masculine singular, suffix |
| כִדְבָרֶֽךָ׃ | according to word your | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | I am severely afflicted, O LORD; revive me through Your word. |
| KJV | I am afflicted very much: quicken me, O LORD, according unto thy word. |
| ASV | I am afflicted very much: Quicken me, O Jehovah, according unto thy word. |
| YLT | I have been afflicted very much, O Jehovah, quicken me, according to Thy word. |
| WEB | I am afflicted very much. Revive me, Yahweh, according to your word. |
| BBE | I am greatly troubled, O Lord, give me life in keeping with your word. |
Where they part company is נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause expressing affliction, with additional phrases providing context and a plea for revival.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, AdamClarke & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָנָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 119:107
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Struggles of the Righteousgenerated
Psalm 119:107 is part of a larger meditation on the psalmist's trials and his steadfast commitment to God's law. Here, he acknowledges his severe affliction and seeks revival from the LORD, emphasizing the importance of divine assistance through His word. This theme resonates throughout the psalm, where the psalmist frequently expresses his reliance on God's teachings during difficult times.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 6:1 | O LORD, do not rebuke me in Your anger or discipline me in Your wrath. |
| 2 | Psalm 22:14–18 | I am poured out like water, and all my bones are disjointed. My heart is like wax; it melts away within me. |
| 3 | Psalm 34:19 | Many are the afflictions of the righteous, but the LORD delivers him from them all. |
| 4 | Psalm 119:25–88 | My soul cleaves to the dust; revive me according to Your word. |
| 5 | Psalm 143:11 | For the sake of Your name, O LORD, revive me. In Your righteousness, bring my soul out of trouble. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי, na.'a.Nei.tigenerated
The verb עָנָה (anah) means to afflict or oppress, and in this context, it conveys the psalmist's sense of being deeply humbled. The Niphal form indicates a passive experience of affliction, suggesting that the psalmist is not just acknowledging his suffering but is also calling for divine intervention.
This word appears frequently in the Hebrew Bible, often in contexts of humility and oppression. The psalmist's use of this term highlights both his personal suffering and his recognition of God's power to uplift him.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי, I have been afflicted, which governs the entire verse. The structure includes a prepositional phrase indicating the extent of the affliction, followed by a direct plea to the LORD and a request for revival through His word.
This arrangement emphasizes the psalmist's state of distress and his urgent appeal for life, showing a clear relationship between his suffering and his reliance on God's promises.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי as ἐταπεινώθην, which means I was humbled. This choice reflects a focus on the psalmist's lowly state and suggests a deeper interpretation of his affliction as a form of humility before God.
The use of this term in the Septuagint may indicate a broader understanding of the psalmist's experience, connecting his suffering to a spiritual humility that seeks divine assistance.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 119:107 expresses the psalmist's deep suffering and his urgent request for revival from the LORD through His word. This verse highlights the connection between affliction and the need for divine support, emphasizing the power of God's promises to restore life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To be afflicted here means to experience deep suffering or oppression, which the psalmist acknowledges in his plea.
The psalmist seeks revival through God's word because he believes in the life-giving power of God's promises and teachings.
This verse reflects the theme of reliance on God's word during times of trouble, a recurring motif throughout Psalm 119.
Calling on the name of the LORD signifies a personal relationship and reliance on God's covenant promises for help and restoration.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced affliction in my own life, and how have I sought God's help?
- How can I apply the idea of being revived through God's word in my daily life?
- What does it mean to me to call upon the name of the LORD in times of trouble?
- How can I deepen my understanding of God's promises as a source of life and revival?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers referenced this verse to discuss themes of suffering and divine assistance, as seen in Augustine's writings.
But, because the body of Christ has suffered many most grievous evils for this faith, he says, "I was humbled above measure" [Psalms 119:107].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 119 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 119:107 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleI am afflicted very much,.... In a temporal sense, in his body, in his family, and by his enemies; in a spiritual sense, with the corruptions of his heart, with the temptations of Satan, and with the
Read John Gill on Psalms 119 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryI am afflicted very much: quicken me, O LORD, according unto thy word. I am afflicted very much: quicken me, O Lord, according unto thy word. Life was promised on the condition of obedience (Leviticus 18:5; Deuteronomy 6:24).
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 119 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 119:107 I am afflicted very much: quicken me, O LORD, according unto thy word.Ver. 107. I am adflicted very much] Usque valde, extremely. If David be so fully bent to obey God, he shall have troubles great store; 1 Timothy 3:12, All that will live godly, and are set upon it, shall suffer persecution. Zeal for Christ draweth troubles to itself, as the wind Caecias doth clouds. Quicken me, O Lord, according unto thy word] Help me to keep my promise, to perform mine oath, notwithstanding these troubles growing upon me. A vow made without prayer is never kept.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 119 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 107. I am afflicted very much] עד מאד ad meod, "to extremity, excessively." We are in the most oppressive captivity. Quicken me] Deliver us from our bondage.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 119 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges107. Resolute observance of the law however has exposed him to persecution; therefore he prays God to preserve his life according to His promise. Cp. Psalms 119:25.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 119 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleI am afflicted very much - The form of the affliction is not mentioned.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 119 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bibleð, Nun.105-112. Thy word is a lamp—The writer comes to an experience like that of a traveller by night on a dangerous road.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 119 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
I am severely afflicted, O LORD; revive me through Your word.
I am afflicted very much. Revive me, Yahweh, according to your word.
I am severely afflicted, O LORD; revive me through Your word.
I am suffering terribly. O Lord, revive me with your word!
Tyndale line
I am afflicted very much: quicken me, O LORD, according unto thy word.
I am afflicted very much: Quicken me, O Jehovah, according unto thy word.
I am afflicted very much: quicken me, O LORD, according unto thy word.
I am afflicted very much: revive me, O LORD, according to thy word.
I am very sore afflicted: O Lord, quicken me according to thy word.
Strictly literal
I am afflicted very much; O Jehovah, quicken me according to thy word.
I have been afflicted very much, O Jehovah, quicken me, according to Thy word.
I have been afflicted very much, || O YHWH, quicken me, according to Your word.
I am afflicted exceedingly much: O Lord, revive me, according to thy word.
I am very afflicted; keep me alive, Yahweh, as you have promised in your word.
Simplified
Lord, I'm really suffering! Please let me live, as you have promised.
I am greatly troubled, O Lord, give me life in keeping with your word.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in this verse, with all six words matched in the translation. The Dead Sea Scrolls also align with the Masoretic Text, confirming the integrity of the passage.
נַעֲנֵ֥יתִי עַד־ מְאֹ֑ד יְ֝הוָ֗ה חַיֵּ֥נִי כִדְבָרֶֽךָ׃
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
נעויתי עד מואד׳ה יהוה כאמרת׳כה חונ׳ני
6 words on the leather.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 119:107
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עָנָה (anah) is a Hebrew verb with a range of meanings related to affliction and humility. It can denote being occupied, as well as being bowed down, depressed, or afflicted. The word has various forms, including ways to humble oneself or to afflict others, and it appears in contexts of discipline and humility, particularly in relation to fasting.
[עָנָה] vb. be occupied, busied with
base
[עָנָה] vb. be bowed down, afflicted
Qal
be put down or become low, of song of triumph
be depressed, downcast
be afflicted
Niph.
humble oneself
be afflicted
Pi.
humble, mishandle, afflict
humble, a woman by cohabit.
afflict as a discipline
humble, weaken
Pu.
be afflicted, in discipline by God
be humbled by fasting
Hiph. afflict, in discipline
Hithp.
humble oneself
be afflicted
humble oneself in fasting
base
H6031a עָנָה be occupied, busied with H6031b עָנָה be bowed down, afflicted .. be put down or become low, of song of triumph
. be depressed, downcast
. be afflicted
. . humble oneself
. be afflicted
. . humble, mishandle, afflict
. humble, a woman by cohabit.
. afflict as a discipline
. humble, weaken
. . be afflicted, in discipline by God
. be humbled by fasting
. afflict, in discipline
. . humble oneself
. be afflicted
. humble oneself in fasting
6031 `anah aw-naw'
a primitive root (possibly rather ident. with 6030 through
the idea of looking down or browbeating); to depress literally
or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various
applications, as follows):--abase self, afflict(-ion, self),
answer (by mistake for 6030), chasten self, deal hardly with,
defile, exercise, force, gentleness, humble (self), hurt,
ravish, sing (by mistake for 6030), speak (by mistake for
6030), submit self, weaken, X in any wise.
see HEBREW for 06030
see HEBREW for 06030
see HEBREW for 06030
see HEBREW for 06030
עָנָה (a.nah) — be occupied.
(Qal) to be occupied, be busied with
עָנָה (a.nah) — to afflict.
1) to afflict, oppress, humble, be afflicted, be bowed down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be put down, become low
1a2) to be depressed, be downcast
1a3) to be afflicted
1a4) to stoop
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to humble oneself, bow down
1b2) to be afflicted, be humbled
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to humble, mishandle, afflict
1c2) to humble, be humiliated
1c3) to afflict
1d4) to humble, weaken oneself
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be afflicted
1d2) to be humbled
1e) (Hiphil) to afflict
1f) (Hithpael)
1f1) to humble oneself
1f2) to be afflicted
Aramaic equivalent: a.nah (עֲנָי "to afflict" H6033)
V-Niphal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Niphal · perfect first person common singularHVNp1cs
→ DUTY TO THE Job 6:14; 22:29; Isa 58:6,7,10; Mt 25:34-45; Lu 10:30-37; Php 2:1,2; 1Ti 5:10; Jas 5:13-15
עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
prep.
of space
Of time
Of degree
conj.
until
While
Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
of space
Of time
Of degree
base
H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
. conj. . until
. While
. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
5704 `ad ad
properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or
conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,
or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,
while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,
at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),
(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,
till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.
see HEBREW for 05703
עַד (ad) — till.
prep
1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as
1a) of space
1a1) as far as, up to, even to
1b) in combination
1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)
1c) of time
1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end
1d) of degree
1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like
conj
2) until, while, to the point that, so that even
Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Prep — PrepositionHR
מְאֹד (m`od) refers to concepts of muchness, force, and abundance. It serves as an adverb meaning exceedingly or greatly, often used to intensify other words. The entries highlight its use in various idioms to express magnitude or degree, with a focus on might and intensity.
מְאֹד n.m. muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly
force, might
in diff. idioms (298 t.) to express the idea of exceedingly, greatly, very (whether of magnitude or degree)
base
H3966 מְאֹד muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly . force, might
. in diff. idiomns (298 t.) to express the idea of exceedingly, greatly, very (whether of magnitude or degree)
3966 m`od meh-ode'
from the same as 181; properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or
without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly,
speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
superlative; especially when repeated):--diligently,
especially, exceeding(-ly), far, fast, good, great(-ly), X
louder and louder, might(-ily, -y), (so) much, quickly, (so)
sore, utterly, very (+ much, sore), well.
see HEBREW for 0181
מְאֹד (me.od) — much.
adv
1) exceedingly, much
subst
2) might, force, abundance
n m
3) muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly
3a) force, might
3b) exceedingly, greatly, very (idioms showing magnitude or degree)
3b1) exceedingly
3b2) up to abundance, to a great degree, exceedingly
3b3) with muchness, muchness
HAcmsa — HAcmsa
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
N-proper — Noun properHNpt
חָיָה (chayah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to live or have life, encompassing both literal and figurative senses. It includes various nuances such as reviving, preserving life, and restoring health. The entries detail its use in different stems, with Qal focusing on living and being quickened, while Piel and Hiphil emphasize giving life and reviving. No specific verse references are provided.
חָיָה 283 vb. live
Qal 203
live
be quickened, revive
Pi.
preserve alive, let live
give life
quicken, revive, refresh
Hiph.
preserve alive, let live
quicken, revive
base
H2421 חָיָה live .. live
. be quickened, revive
. . preserve alive, let live
. give life
. quicken, revive, refresh
. . preserve alive, let live
. quicken, revive
2421 chayah khaw-yaw'
a primitive root (compare 2331, 2421); to live, whether
literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive:--keep
(leave, make) alive, X certainly, give (promise) life, (let,
suffer to) live, nourish up, preserve (alive), quicken,
recover, repair, restore (to life), revive, (X God) save
(alive, life, lives), X surely, be whole.
see HEBREW for 02331
see HEBREW for 02421
חָיָה (cha.yah) — to live.
1) to live, have life, remain alive, sustain life, live prosperously, live for ever, be quickened, be alive, be restored to life or health
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to live
1a1a) to have life
1a1b) to continue in life, remain alive
1a1c) to sustain life, to live on or upon
1a1d) to live (prosperously)
1a2) to revive, be quickened
1a2a) from sickness
1a2b) from discouragement
1a2c) from faintness
1a2d) from death
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to preserve alive, let live
1b2) to give life
1b3) to quicken, revive, refresh
1b3a) to restore to life
1b3b) to cause to grow
1b3c) to restore
1b3d) to revive
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to preserve alive, let live
1c2) to quicken, revive
1c2a) to restore (to health)
1c2b) to revive
1c2c) to restore to life
V-Piel-Impv-2ms | Suff — Verb piel imperative second person masculine singular · suffixHVpv2ms/Sp1bs
דָּבָר (dabar) means 'word' or 'speech' and encompasses a range of meanings including discourse, saying, and matter. It can refer to anything spoken or a topic of discussion, extending to concepts like business or affairs. The entries consistently highlight its use in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
דָּבָר 1439 n.m. speech, word
sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken
sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse
sg. a word, words
sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks
base
H1697 דָּבָר speech, word . sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken
. sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse
. sg. a word, words
. sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks
1697 dabar daw-baw'
from 1696; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or
thing; adverbially, a cause:--act, advice, affair, answer, X
any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case,
cause, certain rate, + chronicles, commandment, X
commune(-ication), + concern(-ing), + confer, counsel, +
dearth, decree, deed, X disease, due, duty, effect, +
eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-)ness, + glory, + harm, hurt,
+ iniquity, + judgment, language, + lying, manner, matter,
message, (no) thing, oracle, X ought, X parts, + pertaining, +
please, portion, + power, promise, provision, purpose,
question, rate, reason, report, request, X (as hast) said,
sake, saying, sentence, + sign, + so, some (uncleanness),
somewhat to say, + song, speech, X spoken, talk, task, + that,
X there done, thing (concerning), thought, + thus, tidings,
what(-soever), + wherewith, which, word, work.
see HEBREW for 01696
דָּבָר (da.var) — word.
: word/speech/command
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: speaking.
: speaking
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: thing.
: thing/matter
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: promised.
: promised/duty
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: deed.
: deed
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp2ms