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Psalms 107:33 — Word Study

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WLCיָשֵׂ֣ם נְהָר֣וֹת לְמִדְבָּ֑ר וּמֹצָ֥אֵי מַ֝֗יִם לְצִמָּאֽוֹן׃

BSAHe turnssûwm [dries up, makes into a wilderness] riversnâhâr [a flood] into desertsmidbâr [a dry and barren land, a wilderness] springsmôwtsâʼ [sources, exits] of watermayim [a liquid, a source of refreshment] into thirsty groundtsimmâʼôwn [parched, dry, a dry and barren land, a desert]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 107
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 33 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (le.tzi.ma.'on) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 107:33quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist describes God's power to transform life-giving rivers into barren wastelands.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, reflecting on God's sovereignty over nature.
Where we areIn a poetic meditation on God's control over creation.
The hard wordיָשֵׂ֣ם
Take awayGod has the authority to change the landscape of our lives.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Poole, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them › clause verbשׂים The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 107:33

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Sovereignty Over Creationgenerated

32Let them exalt Him in the assembly of the people and praise Him in the council of the elders.
33He turns rivers into deserts, springs of water into thirsty ground,
34and fruitful land into fields of salt, because of the wickedness of its dwellers.
35He turns a desert into pools of water and a dry land into flowing springs.

Psalms 107:33 illustrates God's ability to alter the natural world, turning rivers into deserts and springs into dry ground. This transformation serves as a reminder of His power and control over creation, as seen throughout the psalm, which calls for praise from the people for God's wondrous works.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
11 Kings 17:1–7Now Elijah the Tishbite, who was among the settlers of Gilead, said to Ahab, “As surely as the LORD lives—the God of Israel before whom I stand—there will be neither dew nor rain in these years except at my word!”
2Isaiah 13:19–21And Babylon, the jewel of the kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah.
3Isaiah 19:5–10The waters of the Nile will dry up, and the riverbed will be parched and empty.
4Isaiah 34:9–10Edom’s streams will be turned to tar, and her soil to sulfur; her land will become a blazing pitch.
5Isaiah 42:15I will lay waste the mountains and hills and dry up all their vegetation. I will turn the rivers into dry land and drain the marshes.

The Key Word יָשֵׂ֣ם, ya.Semgenerated

The verb שׂים (sum) means to place or set something, with a range of applications from appointing to making. In this context, it emphasizes God's active role in changing the state of nature, illustrating His authority over the elements.

The jussive form indicates a command or wish, suggesting that God can will these changes into existence. This highlights His sovereignty, as He can dry up rivers and transform them into wilderness at His discretion.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

Translations generally agree on the meaning of יָשֵׂ֣ם as 'He turns.' The BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE all reflect this understanding.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb יָשֵׂ֣ם (he made) governs the entire verse, with two main clauses following it: one describing the transformation of rivers and the other addressing springs of water.

The structure emphasizes the contrast between life-giving water and barren land, illustrating God's power to change the environment dramatically.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint uses the Greek word ἔθετο (ethetto) to translate יָשֵׂ֣ם. This choice conveys a similar meaning of placing or setting, aligning with the Hebrew's intent to show God's active role in creation.

The use of ἔρημον for 'deserts' indicates a direct connection to the concept of barrenness, maintaining the original message of transformation.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalms 107:33 tells us that God has the power to change rivers into deserts and springs of water into dry ground. This verse highlights God's sovereignty over nature and His ability to transform the environment, reminding us of His control over all creation.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that God turns rivers into deserts?

It signifies God's authority to alter the natural order, demonstrating His power over creation.

How does this verse reflect God's character?

It shows His sovereignty and ability to bring about change, whether for judgment or for a purpose.

What is the significance of springs becoming thirsty ground?

This transformation emphasizes the severity of God's actions and the consequences of human behavior.

How can we apply this understanding of God's power in our lives?

Recognizing God's control can encourage us to trust Him in times of change or difficulty.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I see God transforming abundance into scarcity?
  2. How can I better recognize and appreciate God's sovereignty in the world around me?
  3. What does this verse teach me about trusting God during difficult times?
  4. How can I share the truth of God's power with others in my community?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentators reflect on this verse's implications for understanding God's power, with insights from Origen and Augustine discussing the significance of transformation in God's creation.

Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF John 28:212-15 c. 185–253
The city near the desert, which Jesus entered when he no longer walked boldly among the Jews, is Ephraim.Now Ephraim means “fruitfulness.” He was the brother of Manasseh,
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 107 →
Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 107 354–430
"He made the rivers a wilderness" [Psalms 107:33]. Waters did run there, prophecies were in course. Seek now a prophet among the Jews; you find none.
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 107 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 107:33 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

He turneth rivers into a wilderness,.... A country abounding with rivers, as the country round about Sodom and the land of Canaan were, Genesis 13:10. Such an one is sometimes, by the just judgment of God, turned into a desert.

Read John Gill on Psalms 107 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Rivers; either, 1. Properly so called; which he can divert or dry up when he pleaseth, as sometimes he hath done. Or rather, 2. Those grounds which are well watered, and therefore very fruitful, as the next verse explains this. And so the water-springs, here and , and the standing water, Psalms 107 35, are taken. Into a wilderness; into a dry ground, as it follows, which is like a parched and barren wilderness.

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 107 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 107:33 He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and the watersprings into dry ground;Ver. 33. He turneth rivers into a wilderness] Hitherto the psalmist hath set forth God’ s good providence in delivering men from several deaths and dangers; now he declareth the same in his just and powerful transmutations in nature, while according to the good pleasure of his will he changeth men’ s condition, either from good to evil, or from evil to good, beyond all expectation; it is even he that doeth it, whatsoever a company of dizzy headed men dream to the contrary, as one phraseth it. It is God who drieth up those rivers, whereby the land was made fat and fertile, Isaiah 41:17.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 107 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(33) The change in character and style of the psalm at this point is so marked as to suggest an addition by another hand. It is not only that the artistic form is dropped, and the series of vivid pictures, each closed by a refrain, succeeded by changed aspects of thought, but the language becomes harsher, and the poet, if the same, suddenly proclaims that he has exhausted his imagination.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 107 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 33. He turneth rivers into a wilderness] After having, as above, illustrated the state of the Jews in their captivity, and the deliverance which God wrought for them, he now turns to the general conduct of God in reference to the poor and needy; and his gracious interpositions in their behalf, the providential supply of their wants, and his opposition to their oppressors. On account of the wickedness of men, he sometimes changes a fruitful land into a desert. See the general state of Egypt in the present time: once a fertile land; now an arid, sandy wilderness. Again, by his blessing on honest industry, he has changed deserts into highly fertile ground. And, as for the wickedness of…

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 107 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

33–43. The style of the Psalm changes, and its subject becomes more general. The refrain disappears, and instead of examples of God’s goodness in delivering various classes of men, we have proofs of His providential government of the world in the vicissitudes of countries and peoples.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 107 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

He turneth rivers into a wilderness - He makes great changes in the earth; he shows that he has absolute dominion over it. See the notes at Isaiah 44:26-27. On the word “wilderness,” see the notes at Psalms 107:4.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 107 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

33-42. These verses comprehend the last two strophes, the first ending with Psalms 107:38, and the latter with Psalms 107:42. The whole comprises a description of what God can do in his sovereign grace and judgment with a nation.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 107 →

The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

He turns rivers into deserts, springs of water into thirsty ground,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

He turns rivers into a desert, water springs into a thirsty ground,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

He turns rivers into deserts, springs of water into thirsty ground,

NETBNew English Translation2006

He turned streams into a desert, springs of water into arid land,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and the watersprings into dry ground;

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

He turneth rivers into a wilderness, And watersprings into a thirsty ground;

RVARevised Version, American1894

He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and watersprings into a thirsty ground;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

He turneth rivers into a wilderness, and the water-springs into dry ground;

GNVGeneva Bible1599

He turneth the floodes into a wildernesse, and the springs of waters into drinesse,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

He maketh rivers into a wilderness, and water-springs into dry ground;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

He maketh rivers become a wilderness, And fountains of waters become dry land.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

He makes rivers become a wilderness, || And fountains of waters become dry land.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

He changeth rivers into a wilderness, and water-springs into parched ground;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

He turns rivers into a wilderness, springs of water into dry land,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

He dries up rivers and turns the land into a desert; the water springs stop flowing and the earth turns dry and dusty.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

He makes rivers into waste places, and springs of water into a dry land;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseverbיָשֵׂ֣םhe.madeobjectנְהָר֣וֹתriversprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְintoמִדְבָּ֑רa.wildernessוּandclausenoun phrase · objectמֹצָ֥אֵיspringsמַ֝֗יִםof.waterprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְintoצִמָּאֽוֹןthirsty.ground

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording, with all six words matched. This consistency reinforces the reliability of the text across different traditions.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יָשֵׂ֣ם נְהָר֣וֹת לְמִדְבָּ֑ר וּמֹצָ֥אֵי מַ֝֗יִם לְצִמָּאֽוֹן׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יָשֵׂ֣םἔθετοנְהָר֣וֹתποταμοὺςלְמִדְבָּ֑רἔρημονוּמֹצָ֥אֵיδιεχόδουςמַ֝֗יִםὑδάτωνלְצִמָּאֽוֹן׃δίψαν

6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 107:33שׂוּםhe madehe madeשׂוּםנָהָרriversriversנָהָרמִדְבָּרinto a wildinto a wilderneמִדְבָּרמוֹצָאand springsand springs ofמוֹצָאמַיwaterwaterמַיצִמָּאוֹןinto thirstinto thirsty grצִמָּאוֹןנָהַרto flowto flowנָהַרדָבַרto speak: to speak: speakדָבַריָצָאto come outo come out: coיָצָאצָמֵאthirstythirstyצָמֵאשַׁמָּהhorror: dehorror: destroyשַׁמָּהשְׁמָמָהDesolateDesolateשְׁמָמָהכְּבָרChebarChebarכְּבָרפְּרָתEuphratesEuphratesפְּרָתצִןZinZinצִןסִינַיSinaiSinaiסִינַימוֹבָאentranceentranceמוֹבָאצוּרָהdesigndesignצוּרָהרָחַץto wash: wto wash: washרָחַץשָׁתָהto drinkto drinkשָׁתָהמַיWater (GatWater (Gate)מַי
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 107:33

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

he made rivers into a wilderness and springs of water into thirsty ground
יָשֵׂ֣םya.Sem he made H7760 Verb · Qal · jussive third person masculine singular
585× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to put or place something, and is used in many different ways in the Bible, such as to appoint or determine something. It is first used in Genesis to describe God's creation. In the KJV, it is translated as 'appoint' or 'set' in various contexts.
Amplified meaning
dries up, makes into a wilderness
Tyndale gloss
to set: make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שׂוּם (sum) is a verb meaning to put, place, or set, with a wide range of applications including appointing, establishing, and making. It can also refer to laying something upon or directing it. There is a related noun שׂוּמָה (sumah), which may denote a token of unluckiness. The entries do not present any significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שׂוּם, שִׂים 582 vb. put, place, set

Qal

put, set, in a place

put something upon

put, lay, set

put, c. בֵּין

set, direct

set, ordain, in a place

set, establish a law, statute

set, found a nation

set, appoint (as ruler, official)

set, constitute, make

set, determine, fix, bounds

set, station, at a post

put in position, sacred bread, sword, staves, bars

set up altars

= plant, wheat

set, fix (countenance)

make a thing, or pers. (acc.), for, transform into

make, constitute

work, bring to pass

appoint, give

set, fix (countenance)

Hiph. I will make him for a sign

Hoph. there was set before him

base

שׂוּמָה perhaps n. f. token of unluckiness, scowl;—2 S 13:32

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7760a שׂוּם, שִׂים put, place, set .. . put, set, in a place

. put something upon

. put, lay, set

. put, c. בֵּין

. set, direct

. . set, ordain, in a place

. set, establish a law, statute

. set, found a nation

. set, appoint (as ruler, official)

. set, constitute, make

. set, determine, fix, bounds

. . set, station, at a post

. put in position, sacred bread, sword, staves, bars

. set up altars

. = plant, wheat

. set, fix (countenance)

. . make a thing, or pers. (acc.), for, transform into

. make, constitute

. work, bring to pass

. appoint, give

. set, fix (countenance)

. I will make him for a sign

. there was set before him

H7760b שׂוּמָה perhaps n. f. token of unluckiness, scowl

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7760 suwm soom

or siym {seem}; a primitive root; to put (used in a great

variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially,

and elliptically):--X any wise, appoint, bring, call (a

name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider,

convey, determine, + disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap

up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out),

mark, + name, X on, ordain, order, + paint, place, preserve,

purpose, put (on), + regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set

(on, up), shew, + stedfastly, take, X tell, + tread down,

((over-))turn, X wholly, work.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שׂוּם (sum) — to set: make.

: make/establish

1) to put, place, set, appoint, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on

1a2) to set, direct, direct toward

1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)

1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix

1a4) to set, station, put, set in place, plant, fix

1a5) to make, make for, transform into, constitute, fashion, work, bring to pass, appoint, give

1b) (Hiphil) to set or make for a sign

1c) (Hophal) to be set

שׂוּמָה (su.mah) — fate.

token of unluckiness, scowl

שׂוּם (sum) — to set: put.

: put/give

1) to put, place, set, appoint, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to put, set, lay, put or lay upon, lay (violent) hands on

1a2) to set, direct, direct toward

1a2a) to extend (compassion) (fig)

1a3) to set, ordain, establish, found, appoint, constitute, make, determine, fix

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · jussive third person masculine singular
HVqj3ms
he made rivers into a wilderness and springs of water into thirsty ground
נְהָר֣וֹתne.ha.Rot rivers H5104 Noun common · feminine plural absolute
119× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, a river symbolizes prosperity, like the Nile or Euphrates, and is often used figuratively. It appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing the life-giving waters of the Promised Land. This word is also used to describe underground streams.
Amplified meaning
a flood
Tyndale gloss
river
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָהָר (nahar) means 'stream' or 'river' and can refer to various water bodies, including the Nile and Euphrates. It also has a figurative sense of prosperity. The word is derived from a root meaning related to flowing water and has an Aramaic equivalent, נְהַר (ne.har).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָהָר 120 n.m. stream, river

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5104 נָהָר stream, river

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5104 nahar naw-hawr'

from 5102; a stream (including the sea; expec. the Nile,

Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity:--flood, river.

see HEBREW for 05102

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָהָר (na.har) — River.

This name means stream, river

Another name of pe.rat (פְּרָת "Euphrates" H6578)

נָהָר (na.har) — river.

1) stream, river

1a) stream, river

1b) (underground) streams

Aramaic equivalent: ne.har (נְהַר "river" H5103H)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · feminine plural absolute
HNcfpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- Source of

Job 28:10; Ps 104:8,10

- Enclosed within banks

Da 12:5

- Flow through valleys

Ps 104:8,10

- SOME OF

. Great and mighty

Ge 15:18; Ps 74:15

. Deep

Eze 47:5; Zec 10:11

. Broad

Isa 33:21

. Rapid

Jud 5:21

. Parted into many streams

Ge 2:10; Isa 11:5

he made rivers into a wilderness and springs of water into thirsty ground
לְמִדְבָּ֑רle.mid.Bar into a wilderness H4057 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
271× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The wilderness refers to a desert or open field, like the one the Israelites wandered in after leaving Egypt. It can also mean a place of solitude or a region without many people. In the Bible, it is often associated with the journey to the Promised Land.
Amplified meaning
a dry and barren land, a wilderness
Tyndale gloss
mouth
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מִדְבָּר (midbar) primarily means 'mouth' in the sense of an organ of speech, but it also refers to 'wilderness' or 'desert.' The word is derived from a root meaning to drive, suggesting open fields for pasturing cattle. It encompasses various forms of uninhabited land and is notably used in contexts related to the wilderness, such as the Wilderness of Sinai.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מִדְבָּר] n.m. mouth, as organ of speech, Ct 4:3

ref

מִדְבָר 270 n.m. wilderness

tracts of land, used for the pasturage of flocks and herds

uninhabited land

large tracts of such land bearing various names, in certain districts of which there might be towns and cities

fig.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4057a מִדְבָּר mouth, as organ of speech H4057b מִדְבָר wilderness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4057 midbar mid-bawr'

from 1696 in the sense of driving; a pasture (i.e. open

field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert;

also speech (including its organs):--desert, south, speech,

wilderness.

see HEBREW for 01696

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — mouth.

1) mouth

1a) mouth (as organ of speech)

מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — wilderness.

1) wilderness

1a) pasture

1b) uninhabited land, wilderness

1c) large tracts of wilderness (around cities)

1d) wilderness (fig.)

מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — Wilderness (of Sinai).

This name means wilderness, uninhabited land

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wil'-der-nes.

See DESERT; JUDAEA, WILDERNESS OF; WANDERINGS OF ISRAEL.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Wilderness

(1.) Heb. midhbar, denoting not a barren desert but a district or region suitable for pasturing sheep and cattle (Ps. 65:12; Isa. 42:11; Jer. 23:10; Joel 1:19; 2:22); an uncultivated place. This word is used of the wilderness of Beersheba (Gen. 21:14), on the southern border of Palestine; the wilderness of the Red Sea (Ex. 13:18); of Shur (15:22), a portion of the Sinaitic peninsula; of Sin (17:1), Sinai (Lev. 7:38), Moab (Deut. 2:8), Judah (

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See DESERT.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Wandering of the Israelites in, see ISRAEL

→ Typical of the sinner' s state De 32:10

→ Jesus' temptation in Mt 4:1; Mr 1:12,13; Lu 4:1

→ See DESERT

he made rivers into a wilderness and springs of water into thirsty ground
וּמֹצָ֥אֵיu.mo.Tza.'ei and springs of H4161 Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct
27× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Exit refers to a way out or a place of departure, like a gate or a door. In 1 Samuel 17:52, it describes the Israelites' escape route from the Philistines. This term can also mean the rising of the sun or the source of a river.
Amplified meaning
sources, exits
Tyndale gloss
exit
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מוֹצָא (mowtsa') refers to a place or act of going forth, encompassing meanings like exit, source, or spring. It can denote various concepts such as the rising of the sun, exportation, and even a mine. The entries highlight its use in contexts related to movement and production, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מוֹצָא n.m. place or act of going forth, issue, export, source, spring

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4161 מוֹצָא place or act of going forth, issue, export, source, spring

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4161 mowtsa' mo-tsaw'

or motsai {mo-tsaw'}; from 3318; a going forth, i.e. (the

act) an egress, or (the place) an exit; hence, a source or

product; specifically, dawn, the rising of the sun (the East),

exportation, utterance, a gate, a fountain, a mine, a meadow

(as producing grass):--brought out, bud, that which came

out, east, going forth, goings out, that which (thing that) is

gone out, outgoing, proceeded out, spring, vein,

(water-)course (springs).

see HEBREW for 03318

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מוֹצָא (mo.tsa) — exit.

1) act or place of going out or forth, issue, export, source, spring

1a) a going forth

1a1) rising (sun), going forth of a command

1a2) goings forth, those going forth

1a3) way out, exit

1b) that which goes forth

1b1) utterance

1b2) export

1c) place of going forth

1c1) source or spring (of water)

1c2) place of departure

1c3) east (of sun)

1c4) mine (of silver)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct
HC/Ncmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

he made rivers into a wilderness and springs of water into thirsty ground
מַ֝֗יִםMa.yim water H4325 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
581× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means water, referring to a liquid or a source of refreshment. It appears in the Bible as a literal and figurative term, including references to wasting or urine. The word is used in various contexts, such as in Genesis and Leviticus.
Amplified meaning
a liquid, a source of refreshment
Tyndale gloss
Water (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4325 mayim mah'-yim

dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+

piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַי (ma.yim) — water.

1) water, waters

1a) water

1b) water of the feet, urine

1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)

מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).

This name means water, refreshment

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wo'-ter (mayim; hudor):

(1) The Greek philosophers believed water to be the original substance and that all things were made from it. The Koran states, "From water we have made all things." In the story of the creation (Ge 1:2) water plays an elemental part.

(2) Because of the scarcity of water in Palestine it is especially appreciated by the people there. They love to go and sit by a stream of running water. Men long for a taste of the water of their native village (1Ch 11:17). A town or village is known throughout the country for the quality of its water, which is described by many adjectives, such as "light," "heavy," etc.

(3) The rainfall is the only source of supply of water for Palestine. The moisture is carried up from the sea in clouds and falls on the hills as rain or snow.…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See CISTERN and WELLS.

In Isa 35:7, the Hebrew word for "parched ground" that shall become a pool of water, is the same with the Arabic term for the mirage, a peculiar optical illusion by which travelers in hot and dry deserts think they see broad lakes and flowing waters; they seem to discern the very ripple of the waves, and the swaying of tail trees on the margin in the cool breeze; green hills and houses and city ramparts rise before the astonished sight, recede as the traveler advances, and at length melt away in the hot haze. Not so the blessings of the gospel; they are no alluring mockery, but real waters of everlasting life, Isa 55:1 Joh 4:14 Re 22:1. Compare

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Creation of Ps 148:4,5

→ Covered the whole earth Ge 1:9

→ Daily allowance of Eze 4:11

→ City waterworks 2Ki 20:20

→ Vision of, by Ezekiel Eze 47:1-5

→ Of separation Nu 19:2-22

→ Libation of 1Sa 7:6

→ Irrigation with

See IRRIGATION

→ Miraculously supplied

To the Israelites Ex 17:1,6; Nu 20:11

To Samson Jud 15:19

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- One of the elements of the world

Ge 1:2

- GOD ORIGINALLY

. Created the firmament to divide

Ge 1:6,7

. Collected into one place

Ge 1:9

. Created fowls and fishes, &c from

Ge 1:20,21

- Necessary to vegetation

Ge 2:5,6; Job 14:9; Isa 1:30

- Some plants particularly require

Job 8:11

- Necessary to the comfort and happiness of man

Isa 41:17; Zec 9:11

- COLLECTED IN

. Springs

he made rivers into a wilderness and springs of water into thirsty ground
לְצִמָּאֽוֹן׃le.tzi.ma.'on into thirsty ground H6774 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to a dry or thirsty place, like a desert, and is used in the Bible to describe a barren or desolate area, like in Jeremiah 2:6 where it talks about a land of drought and dry ground. It can also symbolize a spiritual dryness or emptiness.
Amplified meaning
parched, dry, a dry and barren land, a desert
Tyndale gloss
parched
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צִמָּאוֹן (tsimma'own) refers to thirsty or parched ground, often associated with dry and desert-like conditions. It is derived from the root word for thirst, indicating a lack of water. The term is used in contexts relating to drought and dry land.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צִמָּאוֹן n.[m.] thirsty ground

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6774 צִמָּאוֹן thirsty ground

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6774 tsimma'own tsim-maw-one'

from 6771; a thirsty place, i.e. desert:--drought, dry

ground, thirsty land.

see HEBREW for 06771

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צִמָּאוֹן (tsim.ma.on) — parched.

thirsty ground

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Man made from Ge 2:7; 3:19,23; Job 4:19; 33:6

→ Animals made from Ge 2:19

→ Vegetables come from Ge 2:9

→ Cursed Ge 3:17; 5:29

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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