Proverbs 6:21 — Word Study
WLCקָשְׁרֵ֣ם עַל־ לִבְּךָ֣ תָמִ֑יד עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם עַל־ גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽךָ׃
BSABind themqâshar [tie securely, fasten] alwaystâmîyd [continually, constantly] uponʻal [on, above] your heartlêb [the seat of feelings, will, and intellect] tie themʻânad [bind securely, fasten around] aroundʻal [about, encircling] your neckgargᵉrôwth [the throat]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| קָשְׁרֵ֣ם | bind them | Verb qal imperative second person masculine singular, suffix |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| לִבְּךָ֣ | heart your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| תָמִ֑יד | continually | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם | tie them | Verb qal imperative second person masculine singular, suffix |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽךָ׃ | necks your | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Bind them always upon your heart; tie them around your neck. |
| KJV | Bind them continually upon thine heart, and tie them about thy neck. |
| ASV | Bind them continually upon thy heart; Tie them about thy neck. |
| YLT | Bind them on thy heart continually, Tie them on thy neck. |
| WEB | Bind them continually on your heart. Tie them around your neck. |
| BBE | Keep them ever folded in your heart, and have them hanging round your neck. |
Translations agree here, using similar terms for the Hebrew words without significant variation.
The sentence consists of two main clauses, each with additional phrases providing context and detail.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 6:21
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Instructions for Lifegenerated
Proverbs 6:21 emphasizes the importance of internalizing wisdom and teachings. The preceding verses highlight the father's commands and the necessity of adhering to the mother's teachings. This section of Proverbs serves as a guide for living wisely and righteously, with an emphasis on the continual remembrance of these teachings.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 3:3 | Never let loving devotion or faithfulness leave you; bind them around your neck, write them on the tablet of your heart. |
| 2 | Proverbs 4:6–21 | Do not forsake wisdom, and she will preserve you; love her, and she will guard you. |
| 3 | Proverbs 7:3–4 | Tie them to your fingers; write them on the tablet of your heart. |
| 4 | Exodus 13:16 | So it shall serve as a sign on your hand and a symbol on your forehead, for with a mighty hand the LORD brought us out of Egypt.” |
| 5 | Deuteronomy 6:8 | Tie them as reminders on your hands and bind them on your foreheads. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — קָשְׁרֵ֣ם, ka.she.Remgenerated
The verb קָשַׁר (qashar) means to bind or tie together, both physically and mentally. In this context, it suggests a strong commitment to internalizing wisdom, akin to forming an alliance or a deep connection with the teachings.
The parsing as a second person masculine singular imperative indicates a direct command to the listener, urging him to actively engage with and secure these teachings in his heart.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb קָשְׁרֵ֣ם governs the first clause, commanding the action of binding. The structure emphasizes the importance of the action through its imperative form.
The second verb עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם commands the action of tying, creating a parallel structure that reinforces the necessity of both actions in relation to the teachings.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew קָשְׁרֵ֣ם is rendered as ἐγκλοίωσαι, which suggests a similar binding action but may imply a slightly different nuance in the Greek context.
This choice reflects a focus on the secure fastening of teachings, emphasizing their importance in the life of the believer.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 6:21 instructs to bind teachings to your heart and tie them around your neck. This emphasizes the importance of keeping wisdom close and visible in daily life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means to internalize and prioritize wisdom and guidance in your thoughts and feelings.
Tying them around your neck symbolizes making them visible and a part of your identity.
You can apply this by regularly reflecting on and practicing the teachings you value.
Examples include moral principles, wise advice from parents, and lessons from scripture.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What teachings have I internalized that guide my decisions?
- How can I make wisdom more visible in my life?
- In what ways do I remind myself of important lessons daily?
- What role do my parents' teachings play in my current life choices?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Bede comments on the importance of binding teachings in one's heart, emphasizing the need to safeguard speech and actions.
Bind them in your heart forever, etc. And keep the precepts of the Lord fixed in your mind, and safeguard your speech with their sweetness on all sides, lest you fall into sin in your speech.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 6 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 6:21 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBind them continually upon thine heart,.... Not upon the head or arm, as the words of the law were to be bound, Deuteronomy 6:3; to which there seems to be an allusion; and which may confirm the
Read John Gill on Proverbs 6 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBind them continually upon thine heart, and tie them about thy neck. Bind them continually upon thine heart, and tie them about thy neck - (Proverbs 3:3.)
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 6 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleBind them continually upon thine heart; constantly remember and duly consider them. Tie them about thy neck: see on 3:3.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 6 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 6:21 Bind them continually upon thine heart, [and] tie them about thy neck.Ver. 21. Bind them continually.] Observe them with as much care and conscience as thou art bound to do the law of God given by Moses.
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 6 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(21) Bind them continually upon thine heart.—See above on Proverbs 3:3.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 6 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 21. Bind them continually upon thine heart] See on Proverbs 3:3. And see a similar command, to which this is an allusion, Deuteronomy 6:6-8.
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 6 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges21. heart … neck] See Proverbs 3:3, note. Perhaps there is also the idea of an amulet or charm tied round the neck. See next verse.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 6 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe thought of Pro 3:3 is carried step further. No outward charm, but the law of obedience, shall give safety to the traveler, when he sleeps or when he wakes.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 6 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Bind them always upon your heart; tie them around your neck.
Bind them continually on your heart. Tie them around your neck.
Bind them always upon your heart; tie them around your neck.
Bind them on your heart continually; fasten them around your neck.
Tyndale line
Bind them continually upon thine heart, and tie them about thy neck.
Bind them continually upon thy heart; Tie them about thy neck.
Bind them continually upon thine heart, tie them about thy neck.
Bind them continually upon thy heart, and tie them about thy neck.
Binde them alway vpon thine heart, and tye them about thy necke.
Strictly literal
bind them continually upon thy heart, tie them about thy neck:
Bind them on thy heart continually, Tie them on thy neck.
Bind them on your heart continually, || Tie them on your neck.
Bind them upon thy heart continually, tie them about thy throat.
Always bind them on your heart; tie them about your neck.
From the Latin
Bind them in thy heart continually, and put them about thy neck.
Simplified
Keep them always in mind. Tie them around your neck.
Keep them ever folded in your heart, and have them hanging round your neck.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree, with five of the seven words matched. The differences in word order and articles are typical of translation variations, but the core message remains consistent.
קָשְׁרֵ֣ם עַל־ לִבְּךָ֣ תָמִ֑יד עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם עַל־ גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽךָ׃
5 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 6:21
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
קָשַׁר (qashar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to bind or tie together, both physically and mentally, as in forming a league or conspiring. The entries describe its various uses, including binding fast or being bound up, and it appears in different grammatical forms. Notably, it is used in the context of relationships, such as the life of Jonathan being bound to David's.
קָשַׁר vb. bind, league together, conspire
Qal
bind
league together, conspire
Niph. the life of Jonathan was bound up with the life of D.
Pi.
bind on (as ornament)
bind fast
Pu. = Qal 1 c.
Hithp. conspire
base
H7194 קָשַׁר bind, league together, conspire .. bind
. league together, conspire
. the life of Jonathan was bound up with the life of D.
. . bind on (as ornament)
. bind fast
. = Qal 1 c.
. conspire
7194 qashar kaw-shar'
a primitive root: to tie, physically (gird, confine, compact)
or mentally (in love, league):--bind (up), (make a)
conspire(-acy, -ator), join together, knit, stronger, work
(treason).
קָשַׁר (qa.shar) — to conspire.
1) to bind, tie, bind together, league together, conspire
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to bind, confine
1a2) to league together, conspire
1b) (Niphal) to be bound, be bound up
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to bind on
1c2) to bind fast
1c3) to bind, tie
1c4) to bind to oneself
1d) (Pual) robust, vigorous (participle)
1e) (Hithpael) to conspire
V-Qal-Impv-2ms | Suff — Verb qal imperative second person masculine singular · suffixHVqv2ms/Sp3mp
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
The Hebrew word לֵב (lev) means 'heart' and encompasses the inner man, mind, will, and emotions. It refers to the center of feelings, intellect, and moral character, as well as the seat of appetites and courage. The entries suggest a broad range of meanings related to human experience and thought, with a specific mention of its use in Jeremiah 51:1.
לֵב 599 n.m. (f.) inner man, mind, will, heart
seldom of things in the midst of the sea
elsewhere of men
the inner man in contrast with the outer
the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
specific reference to mind
spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
spec. ref. to conscience
[various]
for the man himself
as seat of appetites
as seat of emotions and passions
seat of courage
base
לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.
ref
H3820a לֵב inner man, mind, will, heart . seldom of things in the midst of the sea
. elsewhere of men . the inner man in contrast with the outer
. the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
. specific reference to mind
. spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
. spec. ref. to conscience
. [various]
. for the man himself
. as seat of appetites
. as seat of emotions and passions
. seat of courage
H3820b לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash
3820 leb labe
a form of 3824; the heart; also used (figuratively) very
widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect;
likewise for the centre of anything:--+ care for, comfortably,
consent, X considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-),
(hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart((-ed)), X
heed, X I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), X regard((-ed)), X
themselves, X unawares, understanding, X well, willingly,
wisdom.
see HEBREW for 03824
לֵב (lev) — heart.
1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding
1a) inner part, midst
1a1) midst (of things)
1a2) heart (of man)
1a3) soul, heart (of man)
1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory
1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will)
1a6) conscience
1a7) heart (of moral character)
1a8) as seat of appetites
1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
לֵב (lev) — Leb.
§ Leb- = "heart of"
(probably a cryptic name for Babylon by Atbash)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms
תָּמִיד (tamiyd) refers to continuity or perpetuity, often used adverbially to mean continually or constantly. It is derived from a root meaning to stretch, indicating indefinite extension. The term is also associated with the regular daily sacrifice in the Old Testament, emphasizing its constant nature.
תָּמִיד n.m. continuity
earliest and oftenest as adv., continually
as subst.
base
H8548 תָּמִיד continuity . earliest and oftenest as adv., continually
. as subst.
8548 tamiyd taw-meed'
from an unused root meaning to stretch; properly, continuance
(as indefinite extension); but used only (attributively as
adjective) constant (or adverbially, constantly); ellipt. the
regular (daily) sacrifice:--alway(-s), continual
(employment, -ly), daily, ((n-))ever(-more), perpetual.
תָּמִיד (ta.mid) — continually.
1) continuity, perpetuity, to stretch
1a) continually, continuously (as adverb)
1b) continuity (subst)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
עָנַד (anad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to bind or tie up. It conveys the action of lacing something fast, either around or upon an object. The entries consistently emphasize this binding aspect without any noted disagreement among lexicons.
[עָנַד] vb. bind around, upon
base
H6029 עָנַד
6029 `anad aw-nad'
a primitive root; to lace fast:--bind, tie.
עָנַד (a.nad) — to bind.
1) to bind, tie up, bind around or upon
1a) (Qal) to tie up
V-Qal-Impv-2ms | Suff — Verb qal imperative second person masculine singular · suffixHVqv2ms/Sp3mp
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
גַּרְגְּרוֹת (gargrowth) is a feminine plural noun meaning 'neck,' specifically in a figurative sense. It is derived from the root word for 'throat' related to rumination. The term appears in the context of the Old Testament, but no specific verses are cited.
גַּרְגְּרוֹת n.f.pl. neck
base
H1621 גַּרְגְּרוֹת
1621 gargrowth gar-gher-owth'
feminine plural from 1641; the throat (as used in
rumination):--neck.
see HEBREW for 01641
גַּרְגְּרוֹת (gar.ge.rot) — neck.
neck (always fig.)
N-fp | Suff — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp2ms