Leviticus 15:5 — Word Study
WLCוְאִ֕ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִגַּ֖ע בְּמִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ יְכַבֵּ֧ס בְּגָדָ֛יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֖יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־ הָעָֽרֶב׃
BSAAnyoneʼîysh [a person, an individual] whoʼăsher touchesnâgaʻ▸ [reaches out to, comes into contact with] his bedmishkâb [place of rest, intimate space] must washkâbaç▸ [cleanse, purify] his clothesbeged [garments, outer covering] and batherâchats [immerse, cleanse the body] with watermayim [the source of purification] and he will be uncleanṭâmêʼ [defiled, ceremonially impure] untilʻad [as far as, up to] eveningʻereb [the time of sunset, the end of the day]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאִ֕ישׁ | and anyone | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| אֲשֶׁ֥ר | who | Particle |
| יִגַּ֖ע | he will touch | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| בְּמִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ | bed his | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| יְכַבֵּ֧ס | he will wash | Verb, Piel, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| בְּגָדָ֛יו | garments his | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וְרָחַ֥ץ | and he will wash | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| בַּמַּ֖יִם | with water | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| וְטָמֵ֥א | and he will be unclean | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| עַד־ | until | Preposition |
| הָעָֽרֶב׃ | the evening | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Anyone who touches his bed must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening. |
| KJV | And whosoever toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. |
| ASV | And whosoever toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. |
| YLT | and any one who cometh against his bed doth wash his garments, and hath bathed with water, and been unclean till the evening. |
| WEB | Whoever touches his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening. |
| BBE | And anyone touching his bed is to have his clothing washed and his body bathed in water and be unclean till evening. |
Where they part company is יְכַבֵּ֧ס — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause introduces the subject and action, with subsequent phrases detailing the required actions and consequences.



4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Ellicott, Whedon & more — read them ›
clause
verbנָגַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Leviticus 15:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Laws About Bodily Dischargesgenerated
Leviticus 15:5 provides instructions for maintaining ritual purity in the community. It specifies that anyone who comes into contact with a bed associated with a man who has a discharge must undergo a washing ritual to cleanse themselves and their garments. This reflects the broader theme in Leviticus of distinguishing between clean and unclean, which is crucial for the Israelites' relationship with God and their community life.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leviticus 11:25–28 | and whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. |
| 2 | Leviticus 13:6–34 | The priest will examine him again on the seventh day, and if the sore has faded and has not spread on the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is a rash. The person must wash his clothes and be clean. |
| 3 | Leviticus 14:8–9 | The one being cleansed must wash his clothes, shave off all his hair, and bathe with water; then he will be ceremonially clean. Afterward, he may enter the camp, but he must remain outside his tent for seven days. |
| 4 | Leviticus 16:26–28 | The man who released the goat as the scapegoat must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may reenter the camp. |
| 5 | Leviticus 17:15 | And any person, whether native or foreigner, who eats anything found dead or mauled by wild beasts must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening; then he will be clean. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 15 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אִישׁ, ve.'Ishgenerated
The Hebrew word אִישׁ (iysh) means 'man' and can refer to an individual male or a human being in general. It encompasses various meanings, including husband and servant, and implies existence. The parsing indicates it is a noun in the masculine singular form, used here to denote any person who might touch the bed.
In this context, אִישׁ serves as the subject of the command, highlighting that the law applies universally to any male individual, emphasizing the communal aspect of ritual purity.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יִגַּ֖ע (he will touch) governs the main clause, with several phrases hanging off it: a relative clause describing the subject, and two sequential actions that follow. The structure emphasizes the actions required following the contact with the bed.
The order of the Hebrew words places the subject אִישׁ at the beginning, indicating that the law applies to any individual, which is a significant point for the community's understanding of ritual purity.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אִישׁ as ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos), which also means 'man' but can imply humanity in general. This choice maintains the universal aspect of the command.
The translation of יִגַּ֖ע as ἅψηται (hapsitai) indicates a direct action of touching, aligning closely with the Hebrew meaning.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Leviticus 15:5 tells us that anyone who touches the bed of a man with a discharge must wash their clothes and bathe with water. They will be considered unclean until evening. This law emphasizes the importance of ritual purity in the community.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Being unclean means that a person is in a state that requires ritual purification before they can participate in communal worship or activities.
The washing of clothes and bathing are part of the purification process, which restores a person’s ritual cleanliness after coming into contact with something that is considered unclean.
While the specific laws of ritual purity may not apply today, the principles of cleanliness and the importance of community health and hygiene can still be relevant.
Evening marks the end of the day and the time when a person can be considered clean again after following the purification rituals.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I apply the principles of cleanliness and purity in my own life?
- What does this verse teach us about the importance of community and individual responsibility?
- In what ways can I be mindful of my actions and their impact on others?
- How do the concepts of clean and unclean affect our understanding of spiritual practices today?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers comment on the significance of water and washing in relation to purification and spiritual cleansing, drawing connections to the teachings of Christ.
The washing which is common to all persons is that of the baths, which usually cleanses away the filth of the body. There is also the washing of the Jews, which is more solemn than that of the baths but much inferior to the bath of grace.Early Church Fathers on Leviticus 15 →
For from the beginning “the spirit of God moved over the waters,” and over and again Scripture testifies to the fact that water is purifying. It was with water that God washed away the sin of the world in the time of Noah.Early Church Fathers on Leviticus 15 →
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Leviticus 15:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd whosoever toucheth his bed,.... Is unclean. According to the Misnah (x), a bed defiles a man seven ways, so as to defile garments; standing, sitting, lying, hanging, and leaning, and by touching,
Read John Gill on Leviticus 15 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd this shall be his uncleanness in his issue: whether his flesh run with his issue, or his flesh be stopped from his issue, it is his uncleanness. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Leviticus 15 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5, 6) And whosoever toucheth his bed.—The defiling power of the patient was so great that the bed, seat, or saddle which he rendered unclean by any of the above-named five acts polluted again any one who came in contact with these articles in seven different ways: by standing, sitting, lying, hanging, leaning, touching, or bearing them. The person thus polluted had to remain in this condition, debarred from the privileges of the sanctuary, till sundown, when he had to wash his garments, and immerse his whole body in water.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Leviticus 15 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible5. Bathe himself in water — The Targum of Palestine specifies that the quantity of water shall be forty seahs — about seventy gallons.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Leviticus 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Anyone who touches his bed must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening.
Whoever touches his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening.
Anyone who touches his bed must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening.
Anyone who touches his bed must wash his clothes, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Tyndale line
And whosoever toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even.
And whosoever toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even.
And whosoever toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even.
And whoever toucheth his bed, shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening.
Whosoeuer also toucheth his bed, shall wash his clothes, and wash himselfe in water, and shall be vncleane vntill the euen.
Strictly literal
And whoever toucheth his bed shall wash his garments, and bathe in water, and be unclean until the even.
and any one who cometh against his bed doth wash his garments, and hath bathed with water, and been unclean till the evening.
and anyone who comes against his bed washes his garments, and has bathed with water, and been unclean until the evening.
And any man that toucheth his bed shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the evening.
Whoever touches his bed must wash his clothes and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until evening.
From the Latin
If ally man touch his bed, he shall wash his clothes: and being washed with water, he shall be unclean until the evening.
Simplified
Anyone who touches his bed has to wash their clothes, and wash themselves with water, and they will be unclean until the evening.
And anyone touching his bed is to have his clothing washed and his body bathed in water and be unclean till evening.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, "וְאִ֕ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִגַּ֖ע בְּמִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ יְכַבֵּ֧ס בְּגָדָ֛יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֖יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־ הָעָֽרֶב׃" The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text, matching all 11 words in a word-by-word correspondence, although the order and articles differ. The Samaritan Pentateuch also agrees with the Masoretic Text word for word. The Dead Sea Scrolls fragment (11Q1) contains 5 words from the verse, but one is partly restored and two are supplied by an editor, indicating some textual variation but not a complete disagreement with the Masoretic Text.
וְאִ֕ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִגַּ֖ע בְּמִשְׁכָּב֑וֹ יְכַבֵּ֧ס בְּגָדָ֛יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֖יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־ הָעָֽרֶב׃
11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואישׁ אשׁר יגע במשׁכבו יכבס בגדיו ורחץ במים וטמא עד הערב
Agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word.
[ואיש] [אשר] יגע במשכב׳ו יכבס
5 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 2 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Leviticus 15:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word אִישׁ (iysh) means 'man' and can refer to an individual male, a husband, or a human being in general. It encompasses various meanings, including champion and great man, and can also imply 'whosoever' or 'each.' The word is built from a root suggesting existence and is used throughout the Old Testament.
אִישׁ 2166 n.m. man (= vir)
base
H376 אִישׁ man (= vir)
376 'iysh eesh
contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root
meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male
person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and
in such cases frequently not expressed in
translation):--also, another, any (man), a certain, +
champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-,
husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree),
him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people,
person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.
Compare 802.
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0802
אִישׁ (ish) — man.
: man
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: husband.
: husband
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: anyone.
: anyone/someone
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
Rel — ParticleHTr
נָגַע (naga`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to touch, reach, or strike. It encompasses a range of actions from physical contact to figurative implications like arriving or acquiring. The word can also denote being stricken or defeated, particularly in battle or by disease. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including Qal, Niph, Piel, Pual, and Hiphil, each with specific nuances.
נָגַע 150 vb. touch, reach, strike
Qal
touch
of י׳ touching earth, mountains, etc.
nearly = strike, pass. stricken
touch = harm
reach, extend to
Niph. be stricken, defeated (in battle), i.e. feign to be so
Pi. strike (with leprosy, 2 acc.)
Pu. be stricken by diseases
Hiph. cause to touch; reach, approach, arrive
base
H5060 נָגַע touch, reach, strike .. . touch
. of י׳ touching earth, mountains, etc.
. nearly = strike, pass. stricken
. touch = harm
. reach, extend to
. be stricken, defeated (in battle), i.e. feign to be so
. strike (with leprosy, 2 acc.)
. be stricken by diseases
. cause to touch; reach, approach, arrive
5060 naga` naw-gah'
a primitive root; properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon
(for any purpose; euphem., to lie with a woman); by
implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive, acquire);
violently, to strike (punish, defeat, destroy, etc.):--beat,
(X be able to) bring (down), cast, come (nigh), draw near
(nigh), get up, happen, join, near, plague, reach (up), smite,
strike, touch.
נָגַע (na.ga) — to touch.
1) to touch, reach, strike
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to touch
1a2) to strike
1a3) to reach, extend to
1a4) to be stricken
1a4a) stricken (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to be stricken, be defeated
1c) (Piel) to strike
1d) (Pual) to be stricken (by disease)
1e) (Hiphil) to cause to touch, reach, approach, arrive
1e1) to cause to touch, apply
1e2) to reach, extend, attain, arrive, come
1e3) to approach (of time)
1e4) to befall (of fate)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
מִשְׁכָּב (mishkab) refers to a place of lying down, such as a bed or couch, and can also denote the act of lying, including sexual intercourse. It is derived from the root meaning to lie down. The term encompasses both literal and figurative uses, including references to sleep and bedrooms.
מִשְׁכָּב 46 n.m. place of lying, couch; act of lying
base
H4904 מִשְׁכָּב place of lying, couch; act of lying
4904 mishkab mish-kawb'
from 7901; a bed (figuratively, a bier); abstractly, sleep;
by euphemism, carnal intercourse:--bed((-chamber)), couch,
lieth (lying) with.
see HEBREW for 07901
מִשְׁכָּב (mish.kav) — bed.
1) a lying down, couch, bier, act of lying
1a) couch, bed
1b) act of lying, lying down or sleeping room, bedroom
1c) lying down (for sexual contact)
Aramaic equivalent: mish.kav (מִשְׁכַּב "bed" H4903)
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms
כָּבַס (kabac) means to wash, specifically by treading, and is associated with the work of a fuller. It can refer to both literal washing of garments or people and figurative uses. The entries note various forms, including participles and different verb stems, indicating actions like washing and being washed.
[כָּבַס] 51 vb. (tread), wash
Qal highway of fuller’s (= treader’s, washer’s) field
Pi.
wash garments (i.e. by treading)
wash person
Pu. be washed, of garment
Hothp. after the plague is washed out
base
H3526 כָּבַס (tread), wash
3526 kabac kaw-bas'
a primitive root; to trample; hence, to wash (properly, by
stamping with the feet), whether literal (including the
fulling process) or figurative:--fuller, wash(-ing).
כָּבַס (ka.vas) — Washer's.
This name means to wash (by treading)
כָּבַס (ka.vas) — to wash.
1) to wash (by treading), be washed, perform the work of a fuller
1a) (Qal) washer, fuller, treader (participle)
1b) (Piel) to wash (garments, person)
1c) (Pual) to be washed
1d) (Hothpael) to be washed out
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Piel · imperfect third person masculine singularHVpi3ms
בֶּ֫גֶד (beged) has meanings related to both clothing and treachery. It can refer to a garment or covering, as well as deceit or betrayal. The word is built from a root that suggests a duality in its usage, appearing in contexts that range from apparel to treacherous actions, notably in Isaiah 24:16 and Jeremiah 12:1.
H899a בֶּ֫גֶד treachery H899b בֶּ֫גֶד garment, covering
899 beged behg'-ed
from 898; a covering, i.e. clothing; also treachery or
pillage:--apparel, cloth(-es, ing), garment, lap, rag,
raiment, robe, X very (treacherously), vesture, wardrobe.
see HEBREW for 0898
בֶּ֫גֶד (be.ged) — treachery.
treachery, deceit
בֶּ֫גֶד (be.ged) — garment.
(CLBL) garment, clothing (used indiscriminately)
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms
רָחַץ (rachats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to wash or bathe. It covers various forms of washing, including washing oneself and being washed. The entries indicate its use in different grammatical forms, such as Qal, Pual, and Hithpael, which reflect actions of washing and being washed. The lexicons do not present any significant disagreement.
רָחַץ 72 vb. wash, wash off, away, bathe
Qal 69
trans. wash (with water)
intrans. wash, bathe (oneself)
Pu. be washed
Hithp. if I washed myself in snow
base
H7364 רָחַץ wash, wash off, away, bathe
7364 rachats raw-khats'
a primitive root; to lave (the whole or a part of a
thing):--bathe (self), wash (self).
רָחַץ (ra.chats) — to wash: wash.
: wash
1) to wash, wash off, wash away, bathe
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to wash, wash off, wash away
1a2) to wash, bathe (oneself)
1b) (Pual) to be washed
1c) (Hithpael) to wash oneself
2a) (Hithpael Passive) to be regarded clean, trustworthy
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.
[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
base
H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
4325 mayim mah'-yim
dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+
piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).
מַי (ma.yim) — water.
1) water, waters
1a) water
1b) water of the feet, urine
1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)
מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).
This name means water, refreshment
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHRd/Ncmpa
wo'-ter (mayim; hudor):
(1) The Greek philosophers believed water to be the original substance and that all things were made from it. The Koran states, "From water we have made all things." In the story of the creation (Ge 1:2) water plays an elemental part.
(2) Because of the scarcity of water in Palestine it is especially appreciated by the people there. They love to go and sit by a stream of running water. Men long for a taste of the water of their native village (1Ch 11:17). A town or village is known throughout the country for the quality of its water, which is described by many adjectives, such as "light," "heavy," etc.
(3) The rainfall is the only source of supply of water for Palestine. The moisture is carried up from the sea in clouds and falls on the hills as rain or snow.…
See CISTERN and WELLS.
In Isa 35:7, the Hebrew word for "parched ground" that shall become a pool of water, is the same with the Arabic term for the mirage, a peculiar optical illusion by which travelers in hot and dry deserts think they see broad lakes and flowing waters; they seem to discern the very ripple of the waves, and the swaying of tail trees on the margin in the cool breeze; green hills and houses and city ramparts rise before the astonished sight, recede as the traveler advances, and at length melt away in the hot haze. Not so the blessings of the gospel; they are no alluring mockery, but real waters of everlasting life, Isa 55:1 Joh 4:14 Re 22:1. Compare
→ Creation of Ps 148:4,5
→ Covered the whole earth Ge 1:9
→ Daily allowance of Eze 4:11
→ City waterworks 2Ki 20:20
→ Vision of, by Ezekiel Eze 47:1-5
→ Of separation Nu 19:2-22
טָמֵא (tame') is a Hebrew root meaning to be or become unclean, covering various contexts such as sexual, religious, and ceremonial impurity. The noun form, טָמְאָה (tam'ah), refers to uncleanness itself. The entries indicate that the word can be used reflexively to mean defiling oneself.
טָמֵא vb. be or become unclean
Qal be or become unclean
Niph. defile oneself, be defiled
Pi. defile
Pu. myself is not polluted
Hithp.—reflexive, defile oneself
Hothp. after that she has been defiled
base
טָמְאָה n.f. uncleanness Mi 2:10
ref
H2930a טָמֵא be or become unclean .be or become unclean
. defile oneself, be defiled
. defile
. myself is not pulluted
.—reflexive, defile oneself
. after that she has been defiled
H2930b טָמְאָה uncleanness
2930 tame' taw-may'
a primitive root; to be foul, especially in a ceremial or
moral sense (contaminated):--defile (self), pollute (self), be
(make, make self, pronounce) unclean, X utterly.
טָמֵא (ta.me) — to defile.
1) to be unclean, become unclean, become impure
1a) (Qal) to be or become unclean
1a1) sexually
1a2) religiously
1a3) ceremonially
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to defile oneself, be defiled
1b1a) sexually
1b1b) by idolatry
1b1c) ceremonially
1b2) to be regarded as unclean
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to defile
1c1a) sexually
1c1b) religiously
1c1c) ceremonially
1c2) to pronounce unclean, declare unclean (ceremonially)
1c3) to profane (God's name)
1d) (Pual) to be defiled
1e) (Hithpael) to be unclean
1f) (Hothpael) to be defiled
טָמְאָה (tam.ah) — uncleanness.
uncleanness
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
See CLEAN.
→ (Ceremonially speaking)
Creatures designated as such Le 11; De 14
→ See UNCLEANNESS
עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
prep.
of space
Of time
Of degree
conj.
until
While
Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
of space
Of time
Of degree
base
H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
. conj. . until
. While
. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
5704 `ad ad
properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or
conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,
or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,
while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,
at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),
(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,
till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.
see HEBREW for 05703
עַד (ad) — till.
prep
1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as
1a) of space
1a1) as far as, up to, even to
1b) in combination
1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)
1c) of time
1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end
1d) of degree
1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like
conj
2) until, while, to the point that, so that even
Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Prep — PrepositionHR
עֶ֫רֶב (ereb) refers to the time of day known as evening or dusk, originally associated with sunset. It can also denote night, particularly in poetic contexts. The phrase 'between two evenings' suggests a time frame between sunset and darkness.
עֶ֫רֶב 131 n.[m.] (sun)set, evening
evening, orig. sunset
du. in phrase between two evenings, i.e. prob. between sunset and dark
(late poet.) = night
base
H6153 עֶ֫רֶב (sun)set, evening . . evening, orig. sunset
. du. in phrase between two evenings, i.e. prob. between sunset and dark
. (late poet.) = night
6153 `ereb eh'-reb
from 6150; dusk:--+ day, even(-ing, tide), night.
see HEBREW for 06150
עֶ֫רֶב (e.rev) — evening.
1) evening, night, sunset
1a) evening, sunset
1b) night
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
Evening
The period following sunset with which the Jewish day began (Gen. 1:5; Mark 13:35). The Hebrews reckoned two evenings of each day, as appears from Ex. 16:12: 30:8; 12:6 (marg.); Lev. 23:5 (marg. R.V., “between the two evenings”). The “first evening” was that period when the sun was verging towards setting, and the “second evening” the moment of actual sunset. The word “evenings” in Jer. 5:6 should be “deserts” (marg. R.V.).
The Hebrews reckoned two evenings in each day; as in the phrase, "between the two evenings," Ex 12:6 Nu 9:3 28:4. In this interval the Passover was to be killed, and the daily evening sacrifice offered, Ex 29:39-41, Hebrew. According to the Carites, this time between the evenings is the interval from sunset to complete darkness, that is, the evening is the interval from sunset to complete darkness, that is, the evening twilight. Compare De 16:6. According to the Pharisees and the rabbins, the first evening began when the sun inclined to descend more rapidly, that is, at the ninth hour; while the second or real evening commenced at sunset. See DAY.
