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Job 33:7 — Word Study

Depth

WLCהִנֵּ֣ה אֵ֭מָתִי לֹ֣א תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּ וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗י עָלֶ֥יךָ לֹא־ יִכְבָּֽד׃

BSASurelyhinnêh nolôʼ [absence of] fear of meʼêymâh [terror, dread] should terrify youbâʻath [not, startle, frighten] norlôʼ will my handʼekeph [power, authority] be heavykâbad [burdensome, weighed down] upon youʻal [on, above]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 33
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 7 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (yikh.Bad) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 33:7quick helps
In a sentenceJob reassures his listener that he should not be afraid of him, nor should he feel burdened by Job's authority.
Who is speakingJob, addressing someone who has expressed fear or concern.
Where we areIn a discourse where Job is defending himself and clarifying his intentions.
The hard wordאֵימָתִי, 'E.ma.ti
Take awayThere is no need for fear; Job's authority will not weigh heavily on the listener.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbכָּבֵד The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

1 of 8 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 33:7

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Defensegenerated

6I am just like you before God; I was also formed from clay.
7Surely no fear of me should terrify you; nor will my hand be heavy upon you.
8Surely you have spoken in my hearing, and I have heard these very words:
9‘I am pure, without transgression; I am clean, with no iniquity in me.

Job 33:7 occurs in a section where Job is responding to accusations and fears expressed by his companions. He emphasizes that he is not a source of terror and that his authority should not feel burdensome. This reflects Job's desire to communicate openly and honestly, without intimidation, as he seeks to clarify his position and intentions.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 9:34Let Him remove His rod from me, so that His terror will no longer frighten me.
2Job 13:21Withdraw Your hand from me, and do not let Your terror frighten me.
3Psalm 88:16Your wrath has swept over me; Your terrors have destroyed me.
4Psalm 32:4For day and night Your hand was heavy upon me; my strength was drained as in the summer heat. Selah

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

my handPsalm 32:4

The Key Word אֵימָתִי, 'E.ma.tigenerated

The word אֵימָה ('eymah) means terror or dread. It conveys a sense of fear or horror, often in relation to God's power or authority. In this verse, Job reassures his listener that there is no reason to feel this dread towards him.

The parsing of this word as a noun in the feminine singular indicates it is describing a concept rather than a specific action. Job uses this term to address the emotional state of his listener, ensuring them that he does not intend to instill fear.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse contains two main clauses linked by a conjunction: the first clause states that fear should not terrify the listener, and the second clause assures that Job's authority will not be burdensome. This structure highlights Job's intent to alleviate fear.

The finite verb תְבַעֲתֶךָ (te.va.'a.Te.ka) governs the first clause, while the second clause follows with another verb יִכְבָּד (yikh.Bad). The use of parallel structure reinforces Job's message of reassurance.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew word אֵימָה is translated with the Greek μού, indicating a personal relationship with the speaker. This choice emphasizes the intimacy and authority Job claims in addressing his listener.

The translation reflects a narrowing of the Hebrew concept of dread to a more personal sense of fear directed at Job himself.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 33:7 assures the listener that they should not be afraid of him, nor should they feel burdened by his authority. Job emphasizes that he is not a source of terror, aiming to create an atmosphere of openness and understanding.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'no fear of me should terrify you'?

Job is expressing that he does not wish to instill fear in his listener, indicating that his presence should not be intimidating.

Why does Job mention his hand not being heavy upon the listener?

Job is assuring the listener that he does not intend to exert pressure or authority over them, but rather to communicate openly.

How does this verse reflect Job's character?

This verse shows Job as a figure who seeks to alleviate fear and foster understanding, contrasting the often fearful perceptions of authority.

What can we learn from Job's approach in this verse?

Job's approach teaches the importance of open communication and the need to dispel fear in relationships, especially when authority is involved.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How do I respond to authority figures in my life? Do I feel fear or intimidation?
  2. In what ways can I communicate more openly with those around me to alleviate fears?
  3. How can I ensure that my presence does not instill fear in others?
  4. What lessons can I take from Job's reassurances to apply in my own interactions?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 33:7 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid,.... To come near, join issue in a debate, and speak freely; this Job had wished for, and desired of God that his fear might not terrify him, and his

Read John Gill on Job 33 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, neither shall my hand be heavy upon thee. Hand - alluding to Job's words (Job 13:21, "Withdraw thine hand far from me"). The Hebrew here is not found elsewhere [ 'ekep (H405)].

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 33 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Which was the condition of that disputation which thou didst offer to undertake with God, 13:21.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 33 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 33:7 Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, neither shall my hand be heavy upon thee.Ver. 7. Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid] This Job had earnestly desired of God, Job 9:24; Job 13:21, and Elihu, as a cunning disputant, presseth him with his own words: I will not, saith he, neither is it fit any mortal man should by his terror and power ravish another of his right religion, as some Zamzummims do the meaner sort of people by their belluine greatness; as the pope and his janissaries do the heretics, as they call those of the reformed religion, that will not renounce it; not once hearing what they can say for themselves. Either you must turn or burn, say they. This is…

Read John Trapp on Job 33 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(7) Neither shall my hand be heavy upon thee—i.e., I will deal gently with thee, and not be harsh.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 33 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 7. My terror shall not make thee afraid] This is an allusion to what Job had said, Job 9:34: "Let him take his rod away from me, and let not his fear terrify me." Being thy equal, no fear can impose upon thee so far as to overawe thee; so that thou shouldst not be able to conduct thy own defence. We are on equal terms; now prepare to defend thyself.

Read AdamClarke on Job 33 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

7. Job had often complained that the terror and majesty of God overpowered him and made it impossible for him to plead his cause and shew his rectitude; comp. ch. Job 9:34, Job 13:21. my hand be heavy] The term hand may be an uncommon form of the Heb. word having that sense, or it may perhaps mean burden, pressure; comp. ch. Job 13:21.

Read Cambridge on Job 33 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Behold my terror shall not make thee afraid - Job had earnestly desired to carry his cause directly before God, but he had expressed the apprehension that he would overawe him by his majesty, so that

Read Albert Barnes on Job 33 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Surely no fear of me should terrify you; nor will my hand be heavy upon you.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Behold, my terror will not make you afraid, neither will my pressure be heavy on you.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Surely no fear of me should terrify you; nor will my hand be heavy upon you.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Therefore no fear of me should terrify you, nor should my pressure be heavy on you.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, neither shall my hand be heavy upon thee.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, Neither shall my pressure be heavy upon thee.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, neither shall my pressure be heavy upon thee.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, neither shall my hand be heavy upon thee.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Beholde, my terrour shall not feare thee, neither shall mine hand be heauie vpon thee.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Behold, my terror shall not make thee afraid, nor my burden be heavy upon thee.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Lo, my terror doth not frighten thee, And my burden on thee is not heavy.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Behold, my terror does not frighten you, || And my burden on you is not heavy.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Behold, dread of me cannot terrify thee, and my pressure will not be too heavy upon thee.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

See, terror of me will not make you afraid; neither will my pressure be heavy upon you.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

But yet let not my wonder terrify thee, and let not my eloquence be burdensome to thee.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

See here, you don't need to be frightened of me. I won't be too hard on you.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Fear of me will not overcome you, and my hand will not be hard on you.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseהִנֵּ֣הhere!clauseclausenoun phrase · subjectאֵ֭מָתִof.meיdreadadverbialלֹ֣אnotverbתְבַעֲתֶ֑itobjectךָּwill.terrify.youוְ֝andclausenoun phrase · subjectאַכְפִּ֗pressureיmyprepositional phrase · prepositionalעָלֶ֥יonךָyouadverbialלֹאnotverbיִכְבָּֽדit.will.be.heavy

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text reads הִנֵּ֣ה אֵ֭מָתִי לֹ֣א תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּ וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗י עָלֶ֥יךָ לֹא־ יִכְבָּֽד׃, which aligns closely with the Septuagint, although the latter presents a different word order and structure.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הִנֵּ֣ה אֵ֭מָתִי לֹ֣א תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּ וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗י עָלֶ֥יךָ לֹא־ יִכְבָּֽד׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אֵ֭מָתִיμούתְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּσεוְ֝אַכְפִּ֗יμου

3 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 33:7הִנֵּהhere!here!הִנֵּהאֵימָהdread of medread of meאֵימָהלֹאnotnotלֹאבָּעַתit will terit will terrifyבָּעַתאֶ֫כֶףand pressurand pressure myאֶ֫כֶףעַלon youon youעַללֹאnotnotלֹאכָּבֵדit will be it will be heavכָּבֵדאָכַףto craveto craveאָכַףהֵןlook!look!הֵןאָיֹםterribleterribleאָיֹםעַלheightheightעַליָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדנֶ֫גַעplagueplagueנֶ֫גַעחֲלוֹםdreamdreamחֲלוֹםבָּעַתto terrifyto terrifyבָּעַתאַיֵּהwhere?where?אַיֵּהאֵימָהterrorterrorאֵימָהנַ֫חַלBrookBrookנַ֫חַלכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּרכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּאעֹלyokeyokeעֹל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 33:7

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
הִנֵּ֣הhi.Neh here! H2009 Particle
843× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is an expression that means 'behold' or 'look', often used to draw attention to something. It appears in Genesis and Isaiah, and is translated as 'behold' or 'lo' in the KJV.
Tyndale gloss
behold
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2009 hinneh hin-nay'

prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.

see HEBREW for 02005

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.

behold, lo, see, if

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTj
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

her, in composition:

here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
אֵ֭מָתִי'E.ma.ti dread of me H367 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for terror or dread, used to describe fear or horror, and sometimes an idol that inspires fear. It appears in the Bible to convey a sense of awe or fright. This word is used in various contexts, including descriptions of God's power.
Amplified meaning
terror, dread
Tyndale gloss
terror
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֵימָה (*'eymah*) means terror or dread. It is derived from a root related to fear and can also refer to an idol in a figurative sense. The entries consistently emphasize its meanings of fright and horror.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵימָה 17 n.f. terror, dread

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H367 אֵימָה terror, dread

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

367 'eymah ay-maw'

or (shortened) remah {ay-maw'}; from the same as 366; fright;

concrete, an idol (as a bugbear):--dread, fear, horror, idol,

terrible, terror.

see HEBREW for 0366

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵימָה (e.mah) — terror.

terror, dread

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp1bs
here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
לֹ֣אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
absence of
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
תְבַעֲתֶ֑ךָּte.va.'a.Te.ka it will terrify you H1204 Verb piel imperfect third person feminine singular · suffix
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to terrify or startle someone, causing them to be overtaken by sudden fear or panic. It is used to describe a strong emotional response to a situation.
Amplified meaning
not, startle, frighten
Tyndale gloss
to terrify
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּעַת (ba`ath) is a primitive root meaning to terrify or startle. It covers a range of actions, including overwhelming or assailing someone, and is often used in a poetic context. The verb can appear in various forms, such as being terrified (Niphal) or actively terrifying (Piel).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[בָּעַת] vb. fall upon, startle, terrify

Niph. be terrified

Pi. (mostly poet.)

fall upon; overwhelm; assail

terrify

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1204 [בָּעַת] fall upon, startle, terrify . be terrified

. (mostly poet.) . fall upon; overwhelm; assail

. terrify

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1204 ba`ath baw-ath'

a primitive root; to fear:--affright, be (make) afraid,

terrify, trouble.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּעַת (ba.at) — to terrify.

1) to terrify, startle, fall upon, dismay, be overtaken by sudden terror

1a) (Niphal) to be terrified

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to fall upon, overwhelm

1b2) to terrify

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Imperf-3fs | Suff — Verb piel imperfect third person feminine singular · suffix
HVpi3fs/Sp2ms
here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
וְ֝אַכְפִּ֗יve.'akh.Pi and pressure my H405 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a burden or load, and can also imply a sense of pressure or urgency. It is sometimes translated as hand, but its core meaning is related to carrying a weight.
Amplified meaning
power, authority
Tyndale gloss
burden
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֶ֫כֶף (ekeph) refers to a burden or pressure, suggesting a sense of weight or urgency. It is derived from a related term and is noted in Job 33:7, where it implies a pressing load or stroke.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אֶ֫כֶף] n.m. pressure, sf. אַכְפִּי Jb 33:7

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H405 אֶ֫כֶף

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

405 'ekeph eh'-kef

from 404; a load; by implication, a stroke (others

dignity):--hand.

see HEBREW for 0404

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶ֫כֶף (e.kheph) — burden.

pressure, urgency, burden

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-ms | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HC/Ncmsc/Sp1bs
here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
עָלֶ֥יךָ'a.Lei.kha on you H5921 Preposition · suffix
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Amplified meaning
on, above
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
here! dread of me not it will terrify you and pressure my on you not it will be heavy
יִכְבָּֽד׃yikh.Bad it will be heavy H3513 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
113× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word can mean to honor or make something weighty, like when God is glorified in Psalm 138, or to be heavy with burdens, as the Israelites were in Exodus 18.
Amplified meaning
burdensome, weighed down
Tyndale gloss
to honor: honour
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word כָּבֵד (kabad) is built from a primitive root meaning 'to be heavy.' It covers a range of meanings, including being burdensome, weighty, or honorable. The word can describe both a negative sense of heaviness or dullness and a positive sense of honor or glory. It appears in various forms, such as making oneself heavy or being made honorable.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כָּבֵד vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured

Qal

be heavy, in weight

heavy, insensible, dull

be honoured

Niph.

pass.

be made heavy fr. abundance

be honoured, enjoy honour, of man

medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God

Pi.

make heavy, insensible

make honourable, honour, glorify, usu. c. human subj.

Pu. be made honourable, honoured

Hiph.

make heavy

make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears

cause to be honoured

Hithp.

make oneself heavy, dense, numerous

honour oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3513 כָּבֵד be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured .. be heavy, in weight

. heavy, insensible, dull

. be honoured

. . pass. . be made heavy fr. abundance

. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man

. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God

. . make heavy, insensible

. make honourable, honour, glorify, usu. c. human subj.

. be made honourable, honoured

. . make heavy

. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears

. cause to be honoured

. . make oneself heavy, dense, numerous

. honour oneself

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3513 kabad kaw-bad'

or kabed {kaw-bade'}; a primitive root; to be heavy, i.e. in

a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense

(numerous, rich, honorable; causatively, to make weighty (in

the same two senses):--abounding with, more grievously

afflict, boast, be chargeable, X be dim, glorify, be (make)

glorious (things), glory, (very) great, be grievous, harden,

be (make) heavy, be heavier, lay heavily, (bring to, come to,

do, get, be had in) honour (self), (be) honourable (man),

lade, X more be laid, make self many, nobles, prevail, promote

(to honour), be rich, be (go) sore, stop.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּבֵד (ka.vad) — to honor: honour.

: honour/glory

1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be heavy

1a2) to be heavy, be insensible, be dull

1a3) to be honoured

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be made heavy, be honoured, enjoy honour, be made abundant

1b2) to get oneself glory or honour, gain glory

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to make heavy, make dull, make insensible

1c2) to make honourable, honour, glorify

1d) (Pual) to be made honourable, be honoured

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to make heavy

1e2) to make heavy, make dull, make unresponsive

1e3) to cause to be honoured

1f) (Hithpael)

1f1) to make oneself heavy, make oneself dense, make oneself numerous

1f2) to honour oneself

כָּבֵד (ka.vad) — to honor: heavy.

: heavy/severe

1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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