Job 3:14 — Word Study
WLCעִם־ מְ֭לָכִים וְיֹ֣עֲצֵי אָ֑רֶץ הַבֹּנִ֖ים חֳרָב֣וֹת לָֽמוֹ׃
BSAwithʻim kingsmelek [rulers, monarchs] and counselorsyâʻats [advisors, wise ones] of the earthʼerets [land, territory] who builtbânâh [constructed, established] cities now in ruinschorbâh [palaces, great houses, desolate places, waste areas]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| עִם־ | with | Preposition |
| מְ֭לָכִים | kings | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וְיֹ֣עֲצֵי | and counselors of | Conjunction, verb qal participle (active) masculine plural common |
| אָ֑רֶץ | [the] earth | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| הַבֹּנִ֖ים | the [ones who] rebuilt | Particle, verb qal participle (active) masculine plural |
| חֳרָב֣וֹת | ruins | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| לָֽמוֹ׃ | for themselves | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | with kings and counselors of the earth, who built for themselves cities now in ruins, |
| KJV | With kings and counsellors of the earth, which built desolate places for themselves; |
| ASV | With kings and counsellors of the earth, Who built up waste places for themselves; |
| YLT | With kings and counsellors of earth, These building wastes for themselves. |
| WEB | with kings and counselors of the earth, who built up waste places for themselves; |
| BBE | With kings and the wise ones of the earth, who put up great houses for themselves; |
Translations agree here on the rendering of the Hebrew word for kings.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by a relative clause that describes the kings and counselors.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 3:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Lamentgenerated
Job 3:14 is part of Job's lament where he wishes he had never been born. In this context, he reflects on the fate of kings and counselors who once held power and built cities, now reduced to ruins. This serves to illustrate the futility of human endeavors in the face of death and suffering, a theme that resonates throughout the book of Job.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 30:23 | Yes, I know that You will bring me down to death, to the place appointed for all the living. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 2:10 | Then David rested with his fathers and was buried in the City of David. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 11:43 | And Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David. And his son Rehoboam reigned in his place. |
| 4 | Psalm 49:6–10 | They trust in their wealth and boast in their great riches. |
| 5 | Psalm 89:48 | What man can live and never see death? Can he deliver his soul from the power of Sheol? Selah |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מְ֭לָכִים, Me.la.khimgenerated
The word מֶ֫לֶךְ (melek) means 'king' and refers to rulers or monarchs. It emphasizes authority and power, often associated with governance and leadership. The parsing indicates it is a masculine plural noun, suggesting a collective of kings.
In this verse, it highlights the contrast between their past glory and their current state, inviting reflection on the impermanence of earthly power.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is governed by the preposition עִם־, with, which introduces the subjects of the verse: kings and counselors. The structure emphasizes the collective nature of these figures.
The subsequent phrases elaborate on who these kings and counselors are, detailing their actions and the consequences of their lives.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מְ֭לָכִים as βασιλέων, which also means 'kings'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the focus on authority and leadership.
The translation reflects a consistent understanding of the term across both Hebrew and Greek contexts.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 3:14 presents Job's reflection on the kings and counselors of the earth who built cities that are now in ruins. This highlights the fleeting nature of power and human achievements, serving as a reminder of mortality and the impermanence of life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job is referring to powerful figures who once held authority and influence, emphasizing their ultimate fate of decay and ruin.
The mention of cities in ruins serves to illustrate the transient nature of human accomplishments and the inevitability of death.
This verse encapsulates the theme of suffering and the questioning of life's meaning, central to Job's narrative.
Job's lament teaches us about the human condition, the inevitability of suffering, and the fleeting nature of power and achievement.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the impermanence of human achievements in my own life?
- How can I find meaning in my struggles and suffering, as Job did?
- What lessons can I draw from the lives of those who once held power?
- How does reflecting on mortality shape my perspective on life and priorities?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators have reflected on this verse, discussing the nature of human power and the lessons drawn from Job's lament.
It seems to me that Job attempts to humble these noble characters and to persuade them not to attach a great importance to human affairs, because he has not introduced the kings into this passage without purpose or at random.Early Church Fathers on Job 3 →
MORAL INTERPRETATION. With the kings and counsellors of the earth. From things without sense we learn what to think of beings endowed with sense and understanding.Early Church Fathers on Job 3 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 3:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleWith the kings and counsellors of the earth,.... From whom he might descend, he being a person of great distinction and figure; and so, had he died, he would have been buried in the sepulchres of his
Read John Gill on Job 3 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryWith kings and counsellors of the earth, which built desolate places for themselves; With kings ... which built desolate places for themselves - who built up for themselves what proved to be (not palaces, but) ruins!
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 3 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleWith kings; I had then been as happy as the proudest monarchs, who after all their great achievements and enjoyments go down into their graves, where I also should have been sweetly reposed. Which built desolate places for themselves; which, to show their great wealth and power, or to leave behind them a glorious name, rebuilt ruined cities, or built new cities and palaces, and other monuments, in places where before there was mere solitude and wasteness.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 3 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 3:14 With kings and counsellors of the earth, which built desolate places for themselves;Ver. 14. With kings and counsellors of the earth] q.d. Those that here have been most negotious, and (as the nobles of the earth) have had greatest matters in hand, with those should I have been coupled in the grave, that congregation house of all living (πανηγυρις), as it is called, Job 30:23. That long or old home, Ecclesiastes 12:5. Heaven is called the congregation house of God’ s firstborn, Hebrews 12:23, and their house not made with hands, 2 Corinthians 5:1. But not many kings or nobles meet here, 1 Corinthians 1:26, because strait is the gate and narrow the way that leadeth to it; there must…
Read John Trapp on Job 3 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) Desolate places—i.e., gorgeous tombs and splendid sepulchres, which, being tenanted only by the dead, are desolate; or it may mean that the places so built of old are now ruined and desolate. In the former sense it is possible that the Pyramids may here be hinted at.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 3 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. With kings and counsellors of the earth] I believe this translation to be perfectly correct. The counsellors, יעצי yoatsey, I suppose to mean the privy council, or advisers of kings; those without whose advice kings seldom undertake wars, expeditions, &c. These mighty agitators of the world are at rest in their graves, after the lives of commotion which they have led among men: most of whom indeed have been the troublers of the peace of the globe. Which built desolate places] Who erect mausoleums, funeral monuments, sepulchral pyramids, &c., to keep their names from perishing, while their bodies are turned to corruption. I cannot think, with some learned men, that Job is here…
Read AdamClarke on Job 3 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14. which built desolate places] The expression seems to be that which occurs several times in Scripture, e.g. Isaiah 58:12; Isaiah 61:4; Ezekiel 36:10; Ezekiel 36:33; Malachi 1:4, and means to build up or rebuild ruins, i. e. cities or habitations desolated or abandoned, and make them again inhabited. If this be the meaning the phrase must be used in a general way to indicate the greatness of those kings and counsellors when they were alive and the renown they won. To this idea the words in Job 3:15, princes who had gold, form a parallel. The speaker wishes to indicate that instead of lying in squalor and being the contempt of the low-born race of men as he now is (ch. 30), if he had died…
Read Cambridge on Job 3 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleWith kings - Reposing as they do. This is the language of calm meditation on what would have been the consequence if he had died when he was an infant. He seems to delight to dwell on it.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 3 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
with kings and counselors of the earth, who built for themselves cities now in ruins,
with kings and counselors of the earth, who built up waste places for themselves;
with kings and counselors of the earth, who built for themselves cities now in ruins,
with kings and counselors of the earth who built for themselves places now desolate,
Tyndale line
With kings and counsellors of the earth, which built desolate places for themselves;
With kings and counsellors of the earth, Who built up waste places for themselves;
With kings and counsellors of the earth, which built up waste places for themselves;
With kings and counselors of the earth, who built desolate places for themselves;
With the Kings and counselers of the earth, which haue buylded themselues desolate places:
Strictly literal
With kings and counsellors of the earth, who build desolate places for themselves,
With kings and counsellors of earth, These building wastes for themselves.
With kings and counselors of earth, || These building ruins for themselves.
With kings and counsellors of the earth, who build up ruined places for themselves;
with kings and counselors of the earth, who built up tombs for themselves that are now in ruins.
From the Latin
With kings and consuls of the earth, who build themselves solitudes:
Simplified
along with the kings of this world and their officials whose palaces now lie in ruins,
With kings and the wise ones of the earth, who put up great houses for themselves;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in this verse, with six out of seven words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the core meaning remains intact.
עִם־ מְ֭לָכִים וְיֹ֣עֲצֵי אָ֑רֶץ הַבֹּנִ֖ים חֳרָב֣וֹת לָֽמוֹ׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 3:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.
עִם prep. with
of fellowship and companionship
of aid
Of actions done jointly with another
If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against
Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another
Of a common lot together with the wicked
Of equality or resemblance generally aid
Of time, as long as
Of a locality, close to, beside
Of persons, עִם is spec.
in the house or family or service of
In possession of
In the custody or care of
Beside = except
With = friendly with
Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
base
מֵעִם 72 from with or beside
base
H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship
. Of a locality, close to, beside
. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of
. In possession of
. In the custody or care of
. Beside = except
. With = friendly with
. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside
5973 `im eem
from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction
with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;
often with prepositional prefix (and then usually
unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X
long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from
(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,
with(-al).
see HEBREW for 06004
עִם (im) — with.
1) with
1a) with
1b) against
1c) toward
1d) as long as
מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.
1a) beside, except
1b) in spite of
Prep — PrepositionHR
The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king.' It is derived from a root that suggests royalty. The term appears in various contexts, including references to specific kings and locations, such as the 'King's Highway' in Numbers 20:17 and the 'King's Valley' in Genesis 14:17. The lexicons note its Aramaic equivalent and mention its use in the context of individuals like Hammelech in Jeremiah.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king
base
H4428 מֶ֫לֶךְ king
4428 melek meh'-lek
from 4427; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04427
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
1) king
Aramaic equivalent: me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4430)
הַמֶּלֶךְ (me.lekh) — `the king`.
'the king' or a name, Hammelech in KJV of Jer.36.26; 38.6- a man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
§ A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Highway) (Num.20.17)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
Another name of she.lach (שֶׁ֫לַח "Shelah" H7975A)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — Milcom.
Another name of mo.lekh (מֹ֫לֶךְ "Molech" H4432)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
of Judah and Israel. For the list see table at the end of this volume.
יָעַץ (ya`ats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to advise or counsel. It encompasses various forms, including advising, consulting, and deliberating, with nuances in different stems such as Qal, Niphal, and Hithpael. The word can also imply conspiracy in certain contexts. The entries suggest a focus on guidance and decision-making.
יָעַץ vb. advise, counsel
Qal advise, counsel
Niph. consult together, exchange counsel
Hithp. conspire against
base
H3289 יָעַץ advise, counsel
3289 ya`ats yaw-ats'
a primitive root; to advise; reflexively, to deliberate or
resolve:--advertise, take advise, advise (well), consult,
(give, take) counsel(-lor), determine, devise, guide, purpose.
יָעַץ (ya.ats) — to advise.
1) to advise, consult, give counsel, counsel, purpose, devise, plan
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to advise, counsel, give counsel, consult
1a2) counsellor (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to consult together, exchange counsel, deliberate, counsel together
1c) (Hithpael) to conspire
Conj | V-Qal — Conjunction · verb qal participle (active) masculine plural commonHC/Vqrmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
urth ('adhamah, 'erets, 'aphar; ge, oikoumene):
In a hilly limestone country like Palestine, the small amount of iron oxide in the rocks tends to be oxidized, and thereby to give a prevailing reddish color to the soil. This is especially the case on relatively barren hills where there is little organic matter present to prevent reddening and give a more blackish tinge.
'Adhamah (compare 'adham, "a man," and Adam) is from 'adham, "to be red," and is used in the senses: "earth" (Ex 20:24), "land" (Ps 105:35), a "land" or country (Isa 14:2), "ground" (Ge 4:11), "the earth" (Ge 7:4).
Earth
(1.) In the sense of soil or ground, the translation of the word adamah’. In Gen. 9:20 “husbandman” is literally “man of the ground or earth.” Altars were to be built of earth (Ex. 20:24). Naaman asked for two mules’ burden of earth (2 Kings 5:17), under the superstitious notion that Jehovah, like the gods of the heathen, could be acceptably worshipped only on his own soil.
(2). As the rendering of ’erets, it means the whole world (Gen. 1:2); the land as opposed to the sea (1:10). Erets also denotes a country (21:32); a plot of ground (23:15); the ground on which a man stands (33:3); the inhabitants of the earth (6:1; 11:1); all the world except Israel (
The term is used in two widely-different senses: (1) for the material of which the earth’s surface is composed; (2) as the name of the planet on which man dwells. The Hebrew language discriminates between these two by the use of separate terms, adamah for the former, erets for the latter. Adamah is the earth in the sense of soil or ground, particularly as being susceptible of cultivation. (Genesis 2:7) Erets is applied in a more or less extended sense-- (1) to the whole world, (Genesis 1:1) (2) to land as opposed to sea, (Genesis 1:10) (3) to a country, (Genesis 21:32) (4) to a plot of ground, (Genesis 23:15) and (5) to…
In both Hebrew and Greek the same word is used to denote the earth as a whole, and a particular land. Only the context can enable us to decide in which of these senses it is to be taken in a given passage.
Thus in Mt 27:45 we might, so far as the original word is concerned, render either "there was darkness over all the land," or over all the earth. The expression "all the earth" is sometimes used hyperbolically for a large portion of it, Ezr 1:2. The word is used of the whole world, etc. In a moral sense, earthly is opposed to what is heavenly, spiritual and holy, Joh 3:31 1Co 15:47 Col 3:2
The Hebrew word בָּנָה (banah) means "to build" and encompasses various forms such as rebuilding, establishing, and making permanent. It can refer to physical construction, like building a house or family, as well as metaphorical uses, such as the establishment of restored exiles. The entries indicate that it can also imply being built up, particularly in the context of a childless wife becoming a mother.
בָּנָה 373 vb. build
Qal build
Niph.
be built
be rebuilt
(fig.) of restored exiles, = established
established, made permanent
base
H1129 בָּנָה build .build
.. . be built
. be rebuilt
. . (fig.) of restored exiles, = established
. established, made permanent
1129 banah baw-naw'
a primitive root; to build (literally and
figuratively):--(begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make,
repair, set (up), X surely.
בָּנָה (ba.nah) — to build.
1) to build, rebuild, establish, cause to continue
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to build, rebuild
1a2) to build a house (ie, establish a family)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be built
1b2) to be rebuilt
1b3) established (of restored exiles) (fig.)
1b4) established (made permanent)
1b5) to be built up (of childless wife becoming the mother of a family through the children of a concubine)
Aramaic equivalent: be.nah (בְּנָה "to build" H1124)
Art | V-Qal — Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine pluralHTd/Vqrmpa
The Hebrew word חָרְבָּה (chorbah) refers to waste, desolation, or ruin. It is derived from the root meaning drought and implies a place that has been laid waste or destroyed. The entries consistently emphasize its association with desolation and ruin.
חָרְבָּה n.f. waste, desolation, ruin
base
H2723 חָרְבָּה waste, desolation, ruin
2723 chorbah khor-baw'
feminine of 2721; properly, drought, i.e. (by implication) a
desolation:--decayed place, desolate (place, -tion),
destruction, (laid) waste (place).
see HEBREW for 02721
חׇרְבָּה (chor.bah) — desolation.
a place laid waste, ruin, waste, desolation
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
הֶם (hem) — them.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural
HR/Sp3mp — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3mp